Circle for sharpening circular saws. How does a circular saw sharpening machine work? If there is no machine for sharpening saw blades

Sharpening saw blades for wood is one of the most important maintenance activities for a circular or circular saw. If it is not sharpened, it will quickly become dull and unusable.

Sharpening is best done on a special production machine. However, many home craftsmen make their own designs for this purpose, which saves a lot of time and money.

Saws made from high-quality materials are less likely to become dull, which means that they require sharpening infrequently. However, if the discs are made of low-quality material (and this happens quite often, and even an experienced craftsman cannot always determine the quality of the metal “by eye”), most likely, they will have to be sharpened often. Therefore, any home master, using a circular saw, must know how to sharpen it.

Definition and purpose of a circular saw

A circular or circular saw is a tool whose working surface is a disk. This disc can be of various thicknesses and diameters, depending on the purpose. Along the edges, the disk is equipped with sharp teeth, which can have a different shape, for example:

• Straight vertical teeth;
• beveled teeth;
• Trapezoidal teeth;
• Teeth resembling a cone.

It is used in cases where you need to cut a large amount of wood. She is comfortable working with both hard and soft woods. And also with the help of it you can process plywood and chipboard. When the disk is given rotation, the teeth cut into the material and begin to cut it. Experienced sawyers say that working with a circular saw is much easier than with a classic one, which is a horizontal metal plate with teeth and one (two) plastic handles.

A circular saw is often used:

• at sawmills;
• On the construction of wooden houses;
• During repair work in city apartments;
• At logging.

The working surface of such a tool usually has carbide soldering. These tips are used to keep the teeth from deforming when sawing through hardwoods. However, sooner or later the teeth of any circular saw become dull. If this moment has come, then it's time to sharpen the tool.

Disc sharpening

An experienced master usually immediately understands when the teeth begin to become unusable. This can be determined by the following features:

If the teeth are dull, it is advisable to sharpen the saw as quickly as possible. Many home craftsmen mistakenly believe that you can get injured from a sharp saw much faster than from a dull one. In fact, the situation is exactly the opposite. Such a paradox is explained simply: when a sawyer wields a blunt saw, he has to apply physical force. If the force is calculated incorrectly or applied in the wrong direction, it is very easy to injure the hand. And if the sawyer wields a well-sharpened tool, no effort is required, the main thing is precise and accurate movements.

With a special machine

Of course, the easiest way to sharpen a circular saw is on a special machine for industrial production. These machines are quite expensive. It is only profitable to purchase a grinder for personal use if the home craftsman works daily and cuts large volumes of wood . As well as sharpening services are available in many specialized stores.. A saw sharpening machine is somewhat reminiscent of a potter's wheel, on which a saw blade rotates, placed strictly in a horizontal plane. The sharpening process consists of the following steps:

It is very convenient to sharpen saw blades on the machine. The main thing is to observe safety precautions and in no case correct the saw blade while the machine is running. All manipulations with the disk are carried out only when the grinding machine is turned off.

Self sharpening

Many home craftsmen do an excellent job of sharpening circular saws without a special machine. Most owners of circular saws have long been accustomed to sharpening saw blades by weight, using an ordinary file or other improvised sharpening tools. However, this method is very inconvenient and traumatic. In addition, when manually sharpening, you can accidentally skip individual teeth. Therefore, this method should not be used.

Experienced sawyers usually make a round wooden stand for sharpening saws, on which the saw blade is placed. The principle of operation of such mini-machines is approximately the same as the principle of operation of industrial production machines.

Masters believe that saw blades should be slightly damp before sharpening - this greatly facilitates sharpening. To do this, grinders moisten saw blades with water. and various chemicals. However, experts say that in fact this method only brings harm. Any liquid corrodes the metal and causes it to corrode, that is, it contributes to the appearance of rust.

During self-sharpening, you need to be careful not to miss a single tooth. Even if only a few cloves are dull, and the rest remain sharp, absolutely all the teeth need to be sharpened. She will work right only if all sawing elements are sharpened equally.

Sharpening a circular saw on your own is not as difficult as it seems. How exactly to sharpen the saw, on an industrial machine or on a primitive stand, each home master chooses for himself. However, in any case, it is necessary to strictly observe elementary safety precautions and sharpen the teeth as sharply as possible. If you have any difficulties with sharpening a saw blade at home, you should consult with a specialist. If you regularly clean up your circular saw, it will serve faithfully for many years.

Any construction cannot do without a circular saw. When performing various operations, it is necessary to make cuts and cuts. With the help of a circular saw, it becomes possible to cut any tree with great speed and high quality. With the constant use of such a device, the cutting tool becomes dull, the performance of the operation decreases. Sharpening of circular saws becomes the most important operation.

Classification of circular saws

To obtain a clean cut, it is necessary that the sharpening of the circular saw blades is done correctly. Tools are divided into several groups:

• All-metal.
• The working area of ​​the disk has a hard coating.
• Carbide plates are soldered onto the saw teeth.

The teeth of the saw after sharpening must be divorced. If you work with a dull tool, the drive begins to experience additional load, the quality of the cut suffers.

If the disc works with hardwood, it must have special technological grooves. Their absence leads to overheating of the blade, the metal will begin to expand, and deformation of the cutting tool will occur. A dangerous vibration will appear, the quality of the cut will suffer.

Varieties of cutting surfaces

To improve work efficiency, engineers have developed several types of teeth that differ in their shape and sharpening angle:

On some canvases, the front plane of the tooth has a concave shape. This tool is used to make cross cuts.

Correct sharpening angle

Circular saws have teeth with two angles:

• back.
• In front of him.

The value of the angle depends on the type of material being processed, the purpose of the operating equipment and the direction of sawing. For example, to obtain a longitudinal cut, the front angles are made within 15-25 degrees. For a cross cut, the rake angle will be in the range of 5-10 degrees. An angle of 15 degrees is suitable for processing any material in the desired direction. The angle value depends on the hardness of the workpiece being processed. The harder the material, the sharper the teeth need to be sharpened.

Methods for processing disk blades

To form a cutting edge, any grinder is suitable where the design of the equipment does not is of great importance. Of course, the sharpening angles of carbide-tipped disc plates are more accurately obtained on specialized equipment. However, its cost is very high, so they use a conventional grinder, which has the ability to change the slope of the corundum disk.

To sharpen a circular disc yourself, you must strictly fulfill several basic conditions:

• Usually the top edge is deformed. Sometimes the rounding of the edges reaches 0.3 mm. Therefore, sharpening starts from the top.
• Processing is carried out taking into account the leading edge and its rear part.
• The operation is repeated at least 25 times. The thickness of the removed metal should not exceed 0.05-0.15 mm.
• The quality of processing must be exactly the same on the entire surface to be treated.
• After the end of sharpening, it can be fine-tuned manually with fine-grained sandpaper.

Sharpening carbide-tipped tools

Sharpening circular saws with victorious tips often causes problems. Processing with standard abrasives takes a very long time, and if the material is overheated, it can be “released”. Of course, processing with a diamond tool will be much faster, but its cost is very high. It will be much more economical to purchase a victorious disk.

Each master approaches the solution of this problem purely individually. To get the correct sharpening angles for carbide-tipped saw blades, you will definitely need a machine.

Home processing of toothed blade

To process a circular saw, it is not necessary to have a special machine for sharpening circular saws with your own hands. To fix the fabric in a certain position, you can use a flat stand, which has several nuances:

• The surface must be flush with the center of the grinding wheel.
• The plane of sharpening should be at an angle of 90 degrees relative to the gear circle.
• To create a different slope, the fixture must have a swivel joint.

To select the desired angle, make a mark with a colored marker. The device must be installed in a powerful grip. Not even the slightest movement of the special stand is allowed.

Among the tools that are used to work with wood, the circular saw is quite in demand. Its design provides for hard alloy teeth, and steel plates are also used here, which are soldered onto them. Hard alloys are used to create the plate, due to which the cutting effect is provided. But over time, the teeth of the saw are no longer able to perform their main function as effectively, which is why they need some processing. Premature blunting of saw teeth can be prevented by using a circular saw sharpening machine.

Varieties of machines for sharpening circular saws

Speaking about equipment for sharpening circular saws, it should be noted that it covers quite a few types of machines, which include models of the simplest design, capable of performing the necessary operations in manual mode, as well as automatic machine lines that can sharpen circular saws without human assistance.

The machines offered today can be classified into two large classes:

• domestic use machines;
• machines for professionals.

Such a division is conditional. Moreover, the difference between this equipment lies only in productivity, which is understood only as the time during which the equipment for sharpening can operate in continuous mode. For models intended for home use, this figure is no more than 15-20 minutes. After this period of time, the user must allow the machine to rest. Professional Models significantly superior to similar machines according to the parameter under consideration, since they are able to work for 8 hours, and to ensure effective work they need the same pause, which is enough to arrange only twice per shift.

To date, each manufacturer has its own approach to the division of this equipment, on the basis of which the assortment is formed. Some focus on design, others on reliability, and there are those for whom the most important parameter is the demand for a particular brand of equipment.

The equipment in question deserves special attention. Based on this parameter, machines can be classified into two groups:

• having abrasive grinding wheels;
• equipped with a sanding belt.

Most often, equipment with circles is used. As for models in which a sanding belt is provided, then they are the most widely used in industrial production. They allow not only to give circular saws the necessary cutting ability, but also to ensure a fine grinding of saw blades.

Saw sharpening procedure

A variety of alloys can be used to create the toothed inserts that are equipped with circular saws. All of them can differ from each other in characteristics that are determined by the properties of the alloy, as well as its degree of graininess. Moreover, with a decrease in grain size, the strength and hardness of the material used increases.

Also, circular saws can differ from each other in the size of the teeth. Based on this feature, the following tooth shapes can be distinguished.

straight teeth

Most often it can be found on saws, which used for fast ripping where special attention is not paid to the quality of the cut.

Beveled teeth

It is these teeth that are most often presented on circular saws. Located on the saw, these teeth may differ from each other in the type of sharpening, which can be right and left. The work of such circular saws eliminates the formation of chips, the risk of which is especially high at the edges of the sawn coating.

Trapezoidal teeth

A tool equipped with such teeth demonstrates a long service life and at the same time does not require sharpening for a long time. These saws are characterized by the fact that trapezoidal teeth are used in conjunction with straight teeth. Their location allows for rough sawing with the help of trapezoidal teeth, and due to the presence of straight teeth, conditions for a fine cut are created.

bevel teeth

Saws that are equipped with cutters of this type can, in addition to performing their main task, be used to cut the bottom layer of the board, as a result of which it is possible to prevent chipping on the top layer.

Homemade saw sharpening machine

Everyone can cope with the task of sharpening circular saws, for which he does not need to have special skills. The lack of special equipment will not become a serious hindrance, since, if desired, you can make such a machine with your own hands. The first thing you should know about when manufacturing such equipment is what elements it will consist of:

A self-made grinding machine must have such a device that would allow the saw to be fixed in the required position in relation to the emery wheel. Due to this, it is possible to maintain the required sharpening angles of the tooth with high accuracy. This can be done using a stand, which will have to be installed on the machine frame in the same plane as the grinding wheel.

When the saw blade is placed on the stand, its tooth forms a right angle with the saw blade with its plane. In some cases, it is allowed to manufacture this stand in a movable version. With this task, you can easy enough to deal with: a hinge is used to install one side of the surface, and the other part must be made in such a way that it is rigidly fixed at the edges, using bolts for this purpose. By creating a grinding machine in this version, the user will have the opportunity to place circular saws at any angle and perform sharpening in any plane.

However, in the process of using such a sharpening device the user may encounter serious difficulty- he will have to make an effort to make the sharpening angles the same. To do this, the center of the saw must be fixed in the required position relative to the grinding wheel. You can simplify the solution of this problem if you create a special groove on the stand, with the help of which the saw mandrel procedure is facilitated.

During the movement of the mandrel with a circle along the groove, there will be no serious problems with maintaining the required angle at which sharpening should be performed. Also, this problem can be solved by another method. It is more attractive due to its less complexity. To do this, you need to create supports on the working surface with which the saw will be fixed in the desired position.

Basic sharpening rules

In order to achieve the desired result in the process of sharpening circular saws, certain rules should be followed when performing this work:

Having a homemade grinding machine at your disposal, you can perform high-quality tool processing if you follow all the rules of this procedure. At the same time, your expenses will be much less than if you decide to opt for factory devices. In addition to this, in order to use such a machine, you do not need professional skills for operation.

To sharpen a circular saw, you do not need to have a highly qualified specialist. There are no special difficulties in caring for the machine. The main thing is to pay attention to the state of the grinding wheel and regularly clean its surfaces from various contaminants that may occur during operation.

In order for the result of sharpening the saw to suit you, you must adhere to the following simple rules:

• make sure that the disk to be sharpened is located in a certain way in relation to the grinding wheel: the position is considered optimal when the disk interacts with the circle with its entire plane;
• it is also important not to overheat the blade to critical temperatures. This can be achieved by setting a suitable speed of rotation of the circle, while it would be useful to pour water on the circle before sharpening;
• to determine that sharpening helped to achieve the desired result, it is possible by the presence of a uniform burr on the entire edge. The procedure is completed to give the saw blade the necessary cutting ability by processing it with a grinding wheel.

Conclusion

A circular saw, like any other cutting tool, at some point begins to perform its task worse. In such cases, it becomes necessary to sharpen the tool. This task can be most effectively solved with a grinding machine. If you do not have such a device, then you can purchase it in a store or make it yourself.

However, regardless of the option that you choose, you must remember that it depends on the tool sharpening technology how well the circular saw will subsequently cut. Therefore, before proceeding to processing with a circular saw sharpening machine, you should familiarize yourself with the sharpening rules. This will help you avoid damaging the saw blade and achieve the desired result with less effort.

How to sharpen a circular saw? A circular saw is an indispensable tool in the construction of a summer house. It surpasses other types of saws in its accuracy and cut quality. The duration of operation of the structure depends on the quality of its sharpening.

The service life of a circular saw also depends on the quality of its sharpening.

An unsharpened disc increases the load on the mechanism. As a result, it may break.

Periodic sharpening of circular saws is necessary.

Signs that indicate that the saw needs to be sharpened:

• when cutting, you need to apply a large load;
• the edges of the cut burn;
• the engine overheats;
• smoke appears during operation.

Sharpening circular saws

Materials and tools:

• saw blade;
• file;
• diamond file;
• marker;
• thin wooden blocks;
• vise;
• wiring;
• wrench.

How to sharpen a circular saw blade? A circular saw must be sharpened from the back when working with the blade facing the wood. The front surface, which is on the material when cutting, remains in the same position.

You can turn the disk in the machine. You can pull the canvas out of it. If turning is carried out in the device, the plug must be unplugged from the electrical outlet to prevent accidental turning on of the device. It is necessary to wedge the product by placing thin sticks under it on both sides and press them against the teeth.

It is necessary to mark with a marker the element from which turning is started. When turning, care must be taken and maximum attention must be paid. Turning is done with a file or a diamond file.

It is necessary to remember the number of movements and the applied efforts when turning the first tooth. The same effort must be applied when turning the remaining parts. If the blade is removed from the machine, you need to clamp it in a vice, then sharpen each tooth in the same way. Then the canvas is installed back into the device.

Perform a cut check on the sample. If noise occurs during operation or the material feed is uneven, check the height of the teeth. To do this, bring a marker to the cutting edge. Then you need to slowly turn the canvas by hand 1 turn in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation. In this case, a mark will appear on each tooth. On examination, you can find out which elements are higher than the rest. If the difference turned out to be significant, you need to carefully reduce the height of the elements.

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How to set the disc teeth

If it is necessary that the movement of the disk be more free, then the teeth are set.

It is necessary to bend all the teeth in turn in different directions at the same distance. The work is done with the help of wiring. Routing is a tool for performing the routing of elements. To perform the wiring, you can use an adjustable wrench. When working with soft woods, they are bred more. When working with hard rocks - less.

To choose the right wiring, you need to test the device when cutting durable wood. The best wiring will be approximately 0.3 - 0.5 mm in one direction. The main requirement is the wiring of elements no more than the thickness of the canvas on both sides. The wiring is done before sharpening.

In the case when it is necessary to turn a blade of higher quality, a machine for mechanized turning is used.

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Mechanized disc sharpening

Materials and tools:

• saw blade;
• disk sharpening machine;
• pendulum goniometer;
• marker.

How to sharpen a circular saw in a mechanized way? There are a large number of different machines. Some mechanisms have software systems to provide a fully automated turning mode. In a home workshop, when turning discs is episodic, a simpler device can be used.

Sharpening angles of teeth of a circular saw: front angle (γ), back (α) and bevel angles of the front and rear planes (ε1 and ε2).

How to sharpen a disc? In such a machine, after it is installed and fixed in a position that provides the required sharpening angle, all other operations - turning the blade around its axis, controlling the thickness of the metal removed from the tooth - are performed manually.

Sharpening of a straight tooth along the front plane is performed in the following sequence. Install the canvas on the frame of the machine. Clamp with a centering sleeve. Then, using the mechanism, it is installed in a strictly horizontal position. Thus, the bevel angle of the front plane is equal to zero. If the machine does not have a built-in angular scale, the horizontalness of the disk is checked using a pendulum goniometer.

Then the screw of the mechanism is rotated, which ensures the horizontal movement of the frame with the circle. Set the required front angle of sharpening. The blade moves in a position in which the front plane of each element fits snugly against the working surface of the circle.

A marker makes a mark on the first tooth, from which sharpening begins. Then the engine is turned on and the front plane is sharpened. The machine brings the tooth into contact with the wheel and performs several movements of the blade back and forth while pressing the element against the wheel.

After sharpening one element, the blade is removed from contact with the abrasive wheel, rotated by one element. Then the operation is repeated in the same way. So the machine works until the element marked with a marker completes a full circle, showing that all elements are sharpened.

Sharpening a beveled tooth differs from turning a straight one in that the saw is placed with an inclination equal to the angle of the bevel of the front plane. To sharpen the element along the back plane, it is necessary that the machine allows you to install the blade so that the back plane of the element is in the same plane as the surface of the circle.

To sharpen a circular saw on a machine, you do not need to have special skills. Any person can cope with this work if they follow all the instructions and rules for working with machines for sharpening discs.

A circular or circular saw is an indispensable assistant in the household and in production when cutting wood materials. It is superior in efficiency to other types of saws, such as chain, reciprocating, longitudinal. To get the perfect cutting of workpieces, it is necessary to monitor the sharpening of carbide-tipped saw blades.

Circular saws - what are they

The saw blade, with the correct sharpening and setting of the teeth, is capable of cutting the workpiece with high quality and accuracy in any cutting direction relative to the fibers.

There are several types of cutting blades for a circular saw:

• Discs with base and cutting area made of solid metal;
• Discs with a solid metal backing and coated with hard structure materials on the teeth;
• Metal blades with carbide soldering.

High-quality sawing of workpieces is impossible when the teeth are worn out or dull. A concomitant phenomenon of working with a blunt tool will be an excessive load on the engine, the risk of jamming, and the unsafety of cutting operations. Circular saws need to be sharpened.

For cutting hardwood, it is permissible to use only discs with special grooves. Technological gaps on the canvas prevent the overall deformation of the tool with possible heating during operation. This eliminates the appearance of a vibration background, deterioration of the cutting line.

Geometry of cutting elements

The working element of the saw - a tooth - has a certain geometric shape with the presence of not one, but several cutting edges. There is always one main edge and additional ones formed by the intersection of planes "A", "B" and "C" in certain combinations. To work with different materials, it makes sense to select discs with the most suitable shape of the cutting teeth.

Straight tooth

A saw blade with such a working area is designed for rough cutting of lumber. The cut turns out to be rough, of low quality, with a relatively fast operation.

Types of teeth of circular saws

Beveled tooth

The front plane of the cutting edge, made in this form, provides cuts with an accurate and even line. The saw is ideal for working with composite-type material: plywood, chipboard (with lamination on one-sided and double-sided). After cutting blanks from hard lumber, it is chipped, practically no chips are observed.

There are discs with a beveled front edge of the cutter, there are with a beveled rear edge, or a variant with alternating teeth (variably beveled blade). In the case of working with a tool with a beveled surface of the trailing edge of the cutting element, when sawing hard wood species, a clear high-quality cut is observed, but the saw quickly blunts.

Trapezoidal tooth

The main advantage of such a saw is the slow wear of the disc due to the absence of the need for frequent sharpening on a grinding machine. Usually the entire blade line consists of alternating cutting elements - straight and trapezoidal teeth working in tandem. The taller trapezoid cuts the rough cut, allowing the main straight edge to cut more easily. The tool can be used for cutting plastics, hard laminates.

Circular saw blade - characteristic

Conical Tooth

An auxiliary type of tool designed to cut materials with a laminated surface in advance of the main cut. The operation is carried out in order to avoid the appearance of chips on the front of the product. Such a saw blade is not used as an independent working unit.

sickle-shaped tooth

With blades with a concave tooth shape, it is convenient to cut the material in the transverse direction of the cut relative to the location of the fibers.

Determining the degree of wear of the circulation disc

Obtaining a high-quality result when working with a circular saw is possible only if you sharpen circular saws in time. Otherwise, there may be damage to the workpieces, rapid wear of the saw drive mechanisms, and an increase in injuries at work. To avoid this, it is necessary to clearly monitor the wear of the cutting blade, focusing on the following signs:

• The movement of the workpiece on the working table during cutting occurs with the use of great physical effort;
• Cracks and chips are observed along the cut line;
• During operation, the engine overheats;
• There is a smell of burning in the air;
• The material burns, which appears as dark areas along the cut line.

If any of these signs are found, it is urgent to start sharpening circular saws with your own hands. Also, before work, you can check the sharpness of the saw, focusing on tactile sensations or visually with a magnifying glass. The allowable radius of the cutting corner should correspond to a value of 0.1-0.2 mm. When cutting large workpieces, all working edges wear out.

How to sharpen a saw blade - rules

• Sharpening is subjected only to a victorious disk cleaned of dust and dirt;
• The disk is cleaned using detergents, without the use of mechanical processing;
• Sharpen all work planes;
• The allowable thickness of metal removal is within 0.05-0.15 millimeters;
• Permissible number of sharpening operations no more than 25 times;
• Saws are sharpened manually with a file or on machines.

Sharpening saw blades with carbide teeth

Pobedit solders are sharpened using a special machine or a home-made device for a grinding wheel. The device is a latch in which the disc is clamped, observing certain sharpening angles relative to the emery. The diamond wheel is considered the best for sharpening.

Any point is marked with a marker as a reference point. Position the main working surface of the tooth to the grindstone so that they are in the same plane. Alternately grind each tooth until the entire circle is passed. Rearrange the disk with the auxiliary plane to the grinding wheel. Grind another plane for each tooth. This is how the carbide-tipped blades are completely sharpened step by step.