Kim Chen In. North Korean leader Kim Jong Il dies
Two versions of birth
There are two versions of his birth. The official one, developed in order to maintain and glorify the cult of personality, says that Kim Jong Il was born in a secret partisan camp in a log cabin and on the highest and most revered mountain in North Korea - Paektusan. At that moment, a double rainbow and a bright star allegedly appeared in the sky.
According to the second, more plausible, date of his birth falls on February 16, 1941. According to Soviet and Chinese documents, this happened in the USSR in the village of Vyatskoye, Khabarovsk Territory, where the 88th separate rifle brigade of the PKKA was located, one of the battalions of which was commanded by his father.
At birth, the future leader of the North Korean people was named Yuri Irsenovich Kim.
After the Second World War, Kim Jong Il was transported to Pyongyang, and during the Korean War he was taken out of the country to China, where he received most of his education. Although, according to the official version, since 1950, for 10 years, he studied at a school for children of party workers in Pyongyang, and in 1964 he graduated from the capital's Kim Il Sung University with a specialization in political economy.
Permanent ruler
His political career began in 1961 by joining the Workers' Party of Korea. Under the guidance of his uncle, he began to work as an instructor in the party Central Committee. And already in September 1973 he became the Secretary of the Central Committee of the party, and in April 1974 - a member of the Political Committee (an analogue of the Soviet Politburo) and the successor to party chairman Kim Il Sung.
On December 24, 1991, he was appointed Supreme Commander of the DPRK. A year later he was awarded the title of Generalissimo.
According to some reports, Kim Jong Il led the work of the special services. He was accused of organizing a terrorist attack in 1983 in Burma (now Myanmar), which killed 17 officials from the Republic of Korea, and in the explosion of a South Korean airliner in 1987, which killed 115 passengers.
Kim Jong Il took over as North Korean head of state after the death of his father in July 1994. The “Eternal President”, as Kim Il Sung was called, died of a heart attack on July 8, 1994 and was buried in a mausoleum specially created for him. After his death, three years of mourning began in the country.
On July 12, 1994, at a closed plenum of the WPK Central Committee, a decision was made to transfer all power in the country to Kim Jong Il. On October 6, Kim Jong Il received the official title of "Great Leader". And on September 5, 1998, he was elected to the post of Chairman of the DPRK Defense Committee, concentrating in his hands the leadership and command of the political, military and economic forces of the country as a whole.
Cult of personality
During the reign of Kim Jong Il, a cult of personality is established in North Korea. Portraits of Kim Jong Il adorned all public institutions, and any criticism of the leader was punishable by imprisonment in a concentration camp.
Since the 1980s biography of Kim Jong Il, like the biography of his father, has become an official subject for study in schools. All books or articles began with quotations from his works, and the name of the leader in North Korean printed publications is typed in a special bold type. The leader's birthday became the second public holiday.
Kim Jong Il maintained friendly relations with Russia. August 2011
During the years of Kim Jong Il's rule, North Korea was periodically accused by the West of human rights violations, public executions, slavery, forced abortions, kidnappings of Japanese and South Korean citizens, and the creation of labor concentration camps. The media were under the complete control of the government, propaganda worked around the clock on television and radio. Listening to foreign broadcasts was strictly prohibited.
Kim Jong Il was married three times and had three sons - Kim Jong Nam, Kim Jong Chol and Kim Jong Eun.
Death of the "Great Leader"
Kim Jong Il died on December 17, 2011 on his train. According to the DPRK media, from "physical and mental overwork, working for the benefit of the people." However, the official cause of death was a heart attack. Kim Jong-un, the third son of Kim Jong Il, was appointed the successor to the head of the DPRK.
reference
Some of Kim's titles: Grand Marshal, Center of the Party, Beloved Leader, Bright Star of Paektu, Father of the People, Sun of the Nation, Pledge of the Reunification of the Motherland, Fate of the Nation, Great Commander, Great Leader.
Kim Chen In- North Korean Supreme Leader, leader of the party, army and people of the DPRK, chairman of the Workers' Party of Korea (WPK), first chairman of the National Defense Committee of the DPRK. Kim Jong-un - Supreme Commander of the Korean People's Army, Marshal of the DPRK, Deputy of the Supreme People's Assembly of the DPRK.
Childhood and education of Kim Jong-un
It is believed that the biography of Kim Jong-un is covered with a veil of mystery. From publicly available official materials, it is known that Kim Jong-un was born on January 8, 1982 in Pyongyang. But there are other opinions as well. For example, intelligence sources report that the Korean leader was born no earlier than 1984. The biography of Kim Jong-un on Wikipedia reports that "the discrepancies in the date of birth are due to the leader's desire to look older" and that at first representatives of the DPRK claimed that Kim Jong-un was born on January 8, 1983.
Father - Kim Jong Il(1941-2011) - former head of North Korea (1994-2011).
Mother is a Korean ballerina Ko Young Hee favorite of Kim Jong Il.
Grandfather - Kim Il Sung(1912-1994) - the founder of the North Korean state and its first de facto leader (1948-1994).
Kim Jong Un is said to have been educated at home and does not have a degree. Although the South Korean intelligence services reported that Kim Jong-un studied at the Swiss International School in Bern under the name of Eun Pak. However, now the school administration denies this fact. Then, from 2002, Kim Jong-un studied individually at the Kim Il Sung University and the Kim Il Sung Military University in the DPRK.
In 2013, North Korean leader Kim Jong-un was awarded an honorary doctorate in economics from HELP University, a private Malaysian educational institution.
Political career of Kim Jong-un
People started talking about Kim Jong Un when there were rumors about the fatal illness of his father Kim Jong Il. The mother was able to convince the leadership of the republic that Kim Jong-un is the favorite son of Chen Il and should be his only successor.
Kim Jong-un, during the life of his father Kim Jong Il, received the title of "Brilliant Comrade" and was appointed head of the National Security Service of North Korea.
On December 17, 2011, Kim Jong Il died of a heart attack, and on December 24, in the WPK's central print organ, the Nodong Sinmun newspaper, Kim Jong Un was named Supreme Commander of the Korean People's Army for the first time. But before the people of Korea, Kim Jong-un appeared in 2012 during a parade dedicated to the centenary of his grandfather Kim Il Sung. And in the same year, Kim Jong-un was recognized as the person of the year (2012).
Despite sanctions constantly hounding North Korea and its leader, Kim Jong Un has been ranked number one in the world by The Guardian for millennials (young people born between 1981 and 2000).
Foreign policy of Kim Jong-un
North Korean leader Kim Jong-un has made North Korea a member of the club of space powers. Kim Jong-un did not care that by doing so his country violated two UN Security Council resolutions (2006 and 2009). Of course, this caused outrage in the international community. And when, in February 2013, the DPRK successfully conducted its third nuclear test in its history, the indignation of the Western powers and the United States reached its climax. North Korea has been declared a "global evil". Sanctions rained down on it from all sides, which became tougher every year.
On July 4, 2017, North Korea launched an intercontinental ballistic missile towards the Sea of Japan. The flight lasted 40 minutes, the rocket crashed in the exclusive economic zone of Japan. At the same time, it was noted that the rocket managed to rise significantly above the 2.5 km mark. General Secretary of the Government of Japan Yoshihide Suga called the launch of a missile from the DPRK a provocation that violates the resolutions of the UN Security Council.
Kim Jong-un said that the Hwansong-14 intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) is capable of carrying a large and heavy nuclear weapon.
Kim Jong-un's new rocket launch commented by the head of the White House Donald Trump, emphasizing that the United States, as well as the countries of this region, will no longer put up with the tests of the DPRK.
Kim Jong-un was not afraid, but on the contrary, he himself began to threaten a possible preventive nuclear strike on the United States. Then the DPRK was followed by the annulment of the non-aggression pact with South Korea, which was signed in 1953. However, at the Seventh Congress of the Workers' Party, Kim Jong-un said that North Korea would use nuclear weapons only as a means of defense.
Earlier, at a meeting of the UN Security Council, Russia and China made a proposal, according to which Pyongyang should stop testing its ballistic missiles, and other countries should not conduct military exercises off the coast of the DPRK. But Kim Jong-un instructed his scientists to continue working on ballistic missiles and said that Pyongyang intends to continue testing them until "the United States and its vassals make the right choice."
On September 3, North Korea conducted another nuclear test. This happened just a few hours after Pyongyang announced the creation of a hydrogen bomb. The South Korean General Staff estimated the yield of the explosion at 100 kilotons, the Japanese authorities - at 70 kilotons. According to various reports, the explosion caused an earthquake with a magnitude of 5.7 to 6.3 on the Richter scale (previous tests caused a maximum of 5.3 points).
After the incident, US President Donald Trump announced that he was ready to use nuclear weapons to protect his country.
A possible conflict between the DPRK and the United States became an important news trend in 2017. Donald Trump practiced insulting Kim Jong-un all year long, calling him a nuclear-weapon lunatic, a “rocket-short man,” and a psycho. In September, Trump came up with a new nickname for Kim Jong-un, calling him "rocket man." A little later, Kim Jong-un said that the United States would pay dearly for the speech of its president. He also called Trump's remarks "eccentric expressions" that offend him and his country. “Why did Kim Jong Un insult me by calling me ‘old’, I never call him ‘small and fat’. Well, I'm trying hard to remain his friend - and maybe someday it will happen! ”Trump wrote on his Twitter in response.
At the same time, in August, Donald Trump praised Kim Jong-un's decision to refrain from launching missiles in the area of the island of Guam, which is under US jurisdiction. “Kim Jong Un of North Korea made a very sensible and balanced decision,” Trump said. “The alternative would be disastrous and unacceptable!”
"Free Press" reported that the head of the Russian Foreign Ministry Sergei Lavrov compared the behavior of the leaders of the United States and the DPRK with the conflict of children in kindergarten.
Domestic economic policy of Kim Jong-un
Having become the head of state, Kim Jong-un not only threatens the United States and the world with a nuclear war, but also tries to carry out economic reforms.
One of the first was the agrarian reform. Kim Jong-un introduced the so-called "link" in a row. The "small link" - this is one family and two families living nearby - received land for cultivation, and a significant part of the crop received remained to the "link" itself. This reform led to the fact that already in the first year of its implementation (2013) a record harvest of grain crops was obtained.
In industry, state enterprises were actually transferred to self-financing.
In the actions of Kim Jong-un, a more loyal attitude towards private business was seen. A network of special economic zones was created to attract foreign investment. But in connection with the application of sanctions against the DPRK, Kim Jong-un began to pay more attention to the development of national production.
In press photos of Kim Jong-un, one can often see North Korean defense plants and missile tests, but he periodically visits various civilian production facilities. A photo of Kim Jong-un's visit to a perfume factory was published in the world media. The DPRK is actively developing its own perfume industry and creating its own brands, such as "Bomhyanggi" and "Unhasu".
In North Korea, information technology began to spread rapidly. So in 2014, China imported smartphones and mobile phones worth 82 million 840 thousand dollars.
In 2013, it was reported in the news that North Korean engineers had developed their own Arirang smartphone. North Korean leader Kim Jong-un was pleased with the work of scientists: he appreciated the lightness, appearance and functions of the smartphone, high-quality display and megapixel camera.
Personal life, hobbies and health of Kim Jong-un
North Korean news and state television reported on July 25, 2012 that Kim Jong-un is married. Photos of Kim Jong-un and his wife appeared in the media a few weeks before. His wife - Lee Sol-ju- Graduate of the University Kim Il Sung in Pyongyang. The father of the wife of Kim Jong-un is a teacher, and his mother is a doctor. It is assumed that Kim Jong-un got married in 2009.
The news also reported that the North Korean leader has two children. The biography of Kim Jong-un on Wikipedia reports that the first child was born in autumn-winter 2010 or winter 2011, the second - at the end of December 2012.
Kim Jong-un is fond of basketball, loves pop culture. According to the Daily Mail, Kim Jong-un is a big fan of the English football club Manchester United.
In terms of health, back in 2009, the news reported that North Korean leader Kim Jong-un was suffering from diabetes and hypertension. However, he is a heavy smoker.
Photos of Kim Jong-un from public events were not published in September and October 2014, the news of the DPRK state media reported that he was suffering from an "uncomfortable physical condition." When Kim Jong-un reappeared in public, the North Korean leader could be seen leaning on a cane in the photo.
In 2015, Kim Jong-un began to weigh 130 kg, having recovered by about 30 kg in 5 years.
At the same time, in April 2015, the country's official information bureau distributed a photo in which Kim Jong-un stands on the top of Paektusan Mountain in a fairly light coat and shoes. Internet users, followed by the Western media, laughed at the North Korean leader who conquered the most difficult peak of North Korea without serious equipment, RIA Novosti reported.
In the summer of 2017, American doctors came to the conclusion that the head of the DPRK, Kim Jong-un, was taking steroids, because of which he then becomes aggressive. Doctor Rok Positano from the Hospital for Special Surgery in New York said that according to their data, Kim Jong-un suffers from gout, the news said.
Scandals with Kim Jong-un
Kim Jong-un has repeatedly been accused of brutally persecuting rivals in the struggle for power. In December 2013, the 67-year-old Jang Song-taek, the politician's uncle, who for a long time headed the "regency council" under the young Kim Jong-un and was considered the "second man" in the state, was executed by a court verdict for attempting to overthrow the government. Later it became known that the wife of the executed, Kim Kyung Hee, is in a coma - the woman underwent surgery to remove a brain tumor. It was reported that she could have died of a heart attack or committed suicide.
Almost all relatives of Jang Song Tek, the executed uncle of the leader of the DPRK, were sentenced to capital punishment, the Yonhap news agency (South Korea) reported.
The news also reported that about a dozen popular artists in the country were shot in North Korea. All of them were found guilty of producing and distributing pornography. One of the victims was a singer Hyun Song Wol, who was considered a former girlfriend of the North Korean leader, with whom Kim Jong-un broke up about 10 years ago at the insistence of Kim Jong Il's father.
According to a deputy from the ruling Senuri party of South Korea, on the orders of the leader of the DPRK, four musicians of the Unhasu national orchestra were executed, they were accused of espionage for issuing information about the life of Kim Jong-un's family.
However, news from South Korea about the executions of Kim Jong-un is not always confirmed. On May 13, 2015, a number of media reported, citing the South Korean news agency Kyodo, that the Minister of the Armed Forces was shot in North Korea for falling asleep at an important military event. But the minister hyun yong chul appeared on television after the news of his execution.
But the 45-year-old half-brother of Kim Jong-un will no longer appear on the air Kim Jong Nam, who was killed on February 14, 2017 with VX while walking through Terminal 2 at Kuala Lumpur International Airport. It was also reported that he was attacked by two women with "poisoned needles". Foreign news, citing the police, reported that the DPRK authorities were involved in the death.
According to the KCNA, in May 2017, a group of terrorists who infiltrated the DPRK on the orders of the US CIA and South Korean intelligence with the aim of committing a terrorist act against Kim Jong-un was discovered and captured.
According to The Korea Times, in 2014, North Korean men were required to style their hair like Kim Jong-un, while previously they could choose from 10 state-approved men's hairstyles. Kim Jong-un also banned officials from smoking foreign cigarettes.
The entire biography of Kim Jong-un has not been officially confirmed. The reign of Kim Jong-un is marked by the continuation of the development of missile and nuclear weapons, economic reforms, deterioration of relations with South Korea and Western countries.
Name: Kim Jong Il
Age: 69 years old
Growth: 160
Activity: statesman, party and military leader, Great Leader of the DPRK
Family status: was married
Kim Jong Il: biography
Kim Jong Il is the long-term leader of North Korea, who was officially called the Great Leader of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. He was also considered the Supreme Commander of the Korean Army and General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea. The biography of Kim Jong Il from his first days is very ambiguous. According to North Korea, he was born on February 16, 1942 at the foot of the highest mountain Paektusan, which is located in the province of Gangkyo-nando. And allegedly at the moment of his birth, the sky lit up with a bright star and a double rainbow, which symbolized the birth of the future leader of the Korean people.
With father Kim Il Sung and mother Kim Jong Suk | Cyfroteka But Soviet sources claimed that the biography of Kim Jong Il begins exactly a year earlier, and in the Khabarovsk Territory. Moreover, according to Soviet encyclopedias, not only did he spend his childhood in the USSR, but he was originally recorded in documents as Yuri Irsenovich Kim. But what all historians really agree on is the legendary figure of Kim Jong Il's father. He was born in the family of the founder and first leader of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (more often called North Korea) Kim Il Sung and his wife Kim Jong Suk.
Future ruler in his youth | Korea Poland Kim Jong Il had a sister, Kim Kyung Hee, who later became the only female general in the country, and a half brother, Kim Pyong Il. It is believed that Kim Jong Il lived in the Soviet Union until the end of World War II, then spent a short time in Pyongyang. But when the Korean War began, the boy was taken to China. The future ruler of the DPRK received higher education at Pyongyang University named after his father and became a graduate in political economy.
Politician
The labor activity of Kim Jong Il from the very beginning was connected with government work. He began working as an instructor in the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea, then went through all the rungs of the party ladder. Kim Jong Il's career growth ends with his election not just as a member of the Politburo, but as an unofficial successor to party chairman Kim Il Sung. Since then, the active politician has been called the "Center of the Party" and praised for his superhuman wisdom.
North Korean statesman | Private Correspondent In the 80s, virtually all issues related to the domestic policy of North Korea were decided by Kim Jong Il himself, and his father, the ruler, dealt only with international relations. Later, Kim Il Sung removed the powers of the Supreme Commander of the Korean People's Army and transferred them to his son. A year later, the 50-year-old commander receives the rank of generalissimo, and after just a week he has already risen to the rank of Marshal of the DPRK.
Leader of North Korea
In 1994, Great Leader Kim Il Sung died of a heart attack. A plenary meeting was held at which the Central Committee discussed possible candidates for a new ruler, but in fact it was a fiction, since long before the death of Kim Il Sung it was clear who would become his successor. Kim Jong Il received all the rights of the supreme ruler, except for the title of father. Instead of "Great Leader" he was called "Great Leader". True, he was able to officially take office only after three years of mourning, in 1997.
Great Leader of the DPRK | reedus During the 15 years of leadership of the country, Kim Jong Il has repeatedly been accused by the international community of human rights violations. In the European, Japanese and American press, such unacceptable measures of influence as public executions, forced abortions, the creation of labor concentration camps, and the abduction of foreign citizens were mentioned. But since the DPRK was and remains a completely closed country, and the press and television of North Korea are under the complete supervision of the government, it is impossible to either confirm or deny such accusations. Also in the country, as under the predecessor Kim Il Sung, and the successor Kim Jong Il, propaganda of the personality of the ruler was active. Kim Jong Il created a cult of personality around himself, probably even surpassing the similar cult around him in level.
Head of North Korea | Kyiv Telegraph Portraits of the Great Leader adorned every public institution, any criticism was punishable by imprisonment, his name was printed in bold in the newspapers, his birthday became one of two public holidays, and the biography of Kim Jong Il became a compulsory school subject. Moreover, North Koreans consider Kim Jong Il to be a brilliant composer who wrote six wonderful operas in two years, as well as a scientist who created works on philosophy, culture, literature, history and politics. Kim Jong Il's book "On Cinematography" is recognized in the DPRK as a classic textbook for actors.
Not only the Great Ruler, but also the Supreme Commander | Private Correspondent But that's not all. The North Koreans believe that the Great Leader is an unsurpassed architect who came up with the concept of a skyscraper and created the plan for the "Juche Tower" in Pyongyang; an amazing chef who prepared the world's first hamburger; world record golfer; the most prominent expert in the field of the Internet and mobile communications. However, since the head of North Korea for a very long time was the only person in the country who had the right to use a mobile phone and the worldwide network, the last statement was actually true.
Personal life
If his father Kim Il Sung had two wives, then Kim Jong Il married four times. According to data that is considered to be reliable, the Great Leader left three sons and a daughter, but according to unofficial information, the North Korean leader became a father 17 times, with nine of his children born out of wedlock. As in the case of human rights violations in the DPRK, this information cannot be verified. Therefore, it makes sense to talk only about the personal life of Kim Jong Il, which the head of North Korea himself presented as official.
Song Hye Rim - Kim Jong Il's first wife | Day Online Kim Jong Il's first wife, Song Hye Rim, was a well-known film actress in the country. In 1971, she gave birth to the wife of a son, Kim Jong Nam. Like most of his relatives, the boy studied in Switzerland. Although Kim Jong Nam is the eldest son and heir, he was never considered the successor of his father as head of state. The fact is that the guy several times, even in his youth, managed to get into international scandals related to visa-free border crossings. Now the first-born Kim Jong Il lives in the Chinese region of Macau and runs his own business.
Kim Jong Ip with family | InoSMI The second wife of the ruler was Kim Yong Suk, the daughter of a high-ranking military man, whom Kim Il Sung personally chose for her son. According to some sources, she was the only official wife of the ruler, and the rest were only common-law spouses. Perhaps this explains the fact that she is often called the first wife of Kim Jong Il, although this is impossible from a chronological point of view. The husband openly showed that he had no feelings for the woman. However, Kim Yong-sook gave birth to his daughter, Kim Sol-song, who would later become her father's personal secretary and head the propaganda and party literature department.
Ko Yong Hee - Kim Jong Il's wife and Kim Jong Un's mother | Polytech Like Song Hye Rim, the third woman in the life of the Great Leader was an actress. Her name was Ko Young Hee, and she not only acted in films, but also sang and danced on stage. Since she became the mother of two sons, Kim Jong Chol and Kim Jong Un, the youngest of whom would later be his father's successor, Ko Yong Hee has also become a cult figure in North Korea. But the cult of her personality could not have had much weight because of the origin of the woman - Ko Yong Hee's grandfather had once collaborated with the Japanese army. Therefore, in the press, her name was hidden behind the title, calling the "Great Mother".
Kim Jong Il's last wife, Kim Ok | Today The fourth wife of Kim Jong Il, who was more than 20 years younger than him, was politician Kim Ok. There is a high probability that even before her marriage in 2007 she gave birth to a son from the Great Leader, but the government does not recognize this fact. After the death of his father, Kim Jong Yr removed his stepmother and all her relatives from their posts. Now the last wife of Kim Jong Il, according to some sources, is on the treatment of joints, and according to others - under house arrest.
Death
As in the case of the biography of Kim Jong Il, his death also has two possible versions. It is known that the Great Leader has been very ill in recent years. He was diagnosed with diabetes, as well as a number of cardiovascular diseases. Also, according to unconfirmed reports, Kim Jong Il could also have a tumor, which the North Korean press called "a sudden frolic disease of unknown origin." In any case, the head of the DPRK cared little about his health. Until his last days, he smoked a lot, and only the strongest cigars and cigarettes, and also regularly consumed cognac.
Ultimately, illness took its toll and Kim Jong Il died on the morning of December 17, 2011, and the people were informed of his death only two days later. Differences in versions of death relate to the place of his death. According to official data, Kim Jong Il, despite his serious condition, continued to work and made an inspection trip around the country on a personal armored train, in which he met the last day of his life. But other informants claim that he did not leave his home in Pyongyang recently and died there. Kim Jong Il's official cause of death is believed to be a heart attack, the same diagnosis as his father's.
The body of the Great leader was exposed under a glass jar | Radio Canada International The embalmed body of the long-term ruler of North Korea was exhibited in an open coffin under a glass cap, and a few days later placed in the memorial mausoleum "Kumsusan". Mourning events were held throughout the country, in which everyone could take part. Those residents of the country who did not express such a desire, according to information from official sources, were put on trial and received up to six months in labor camps.
kim jong il
(born in 1942)
Leader of the Workers' Party of Korea, Supreme Commander, Marshal of the DPRK, Chairman of the Defense Committee. He pursued, like his father Kim Il Sung, a policy of tyranny and isolation based on the Juche idea.
Kim Jong Il inherited power from his father, the founder of the North Korean state, Kim Il Sung, after his death in 1994. Like his father, he is the object of endless worship for the people of North Korea. His birthday is the most important event in the history of the country. Unlike his father, who was called the "great leader", Kim Jong Il is called the "great leader." He has absolute power in the country, although he is not the president, since this post was eliminated after the death of his father.
The personal life of Kim Jong Il is completely classified. Few people know what kind of family he has, how many times he was married, how many children he has. Even his birth is shrouded in mystery. According to his official biography, he was born on February 16, 1942, in a camp of Korean partisans at the foot of Mount Paektu on the border with China. According to other sources, Kim Jong Il was born in the Khabarovsk Territory, where his father was at that time, and in childhood he was called in Russian - Yura. In the autumn of 1945, after the liberation of Korea from the Japanese, Kim Il Sung moved to Korea with his family. When the Korean War began (1950-1953), the leader's family left for China. There, Kim Jong Il graduated from elementary school, and at the end of the war he entered a military school near Pyongyang, completing his general education there. Since 1960, Kim Jong Il studied at the Pyongyang State University named after Kim Il Sung. After 4 years, having completed his studies, he began to work in his father's bodyguard. Soon, Kim Jong Il began working under the leadership of his uncle in the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea, successively holding the positions of instructor, deputy head, and then head of department. The father was preparing a successor for himself, gradually transferring all affairs under the control of his son. In September 1973, he was elected Secretary of the Central Committee of the Party, the following year - a member of the Political Committee of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of China and the successor to Party Chairman Kim Il Sung. The leadership of the party, society and the army was increasingly concentrated in the hands of Kim Jong Il.
Since 1980, the power of Kim Jong Il has increased even more, the number of posts has increased: member of the Presidium of the Politburo of the Central Committee, secretary of the Central Committee, member of the Central Military Committee of the party, deputy of the Supreme People's Assembly. After 10 years, he became the Supreme Commander (although this post should be held by the president of the country), marshal, chairman of the Defense Committee. Immediately after the death of Kim Il Sung on July 12, 1994, at a closed plenum of the Central Committee of the TKP, a decision was made to transfer all power in the country to Kim Jong Il. In October, he was officially named "Great Leader" for the first time. From that moment on, Kim Jong Il began to rarely appear in public. Only in 2000 did he meet with President of South Korea and US Secretary of State M. Albright, and the following year he made a multi-day trip on an armored train through Russia.
The beginning of independent rule coincided with the difficulties associated with both the inept leadership of the country and natural disasters. In 1994, a hurricane hit North Korea, floods washed away crops. The next year the disaster was repeated, and then the drought began. As a result of the famine, hundreds of thousands of people died in the country. Attempts to solve the food problem by introducing potatoes, which are almost never cultivated in Korea, have not been successful.
The life of the Korean people is maximally ideologized and completely controlled by the state. The study of the writings of Kim Il Sung and Kim Jong Il is the basis of a well-established propaganda system. Political classes and interviews are held daily. Young people should actively participate in the movement for the title of "exemplary reader", mastering at least 10,000 pages of the leaders' works in a year. Numerous propaganda brochures describe the intense pace of Kim Jong Il's work, examples of his concern for the people and for specific people.
In addition to the Ministry of Public Security, total control over the population is carried out by the Ministry of State Protection (MOG), which has its own department in each province, in each county. MTF handles population registration, issues travel permits within the country; all information about the behavior, actions, statements of the majority of Koreans flows here. All residents of the DPRK, depending on their origin, are divided into 51 groups, which form three layers: "basic", "wavering", "hostile". The stratum to which a person belongs has a decisive influence on his fate. Entry to study and work, living standards, the ability to live in Pyongyang or other prestigious cities, the severity of the sentence in the event of a trial, and much more depend on this. In addition, the entire population is bound by mutual responsibility and divided by place of residence into so-called folk groups, which include up to 40 families. At the head is an official who is responsible for everything that happens to the members of his group. According to his order, members of the "people's group" should participate in various chores, in meetings where non-working members of the group study the ideas of "Juche" and listen to stories about the greatness of their leaders. In addition, this official can enter any of the ward apartments both during the day and at night. Every Korean who spends the night away from home is obliged to contact the official in charge of the apartment that became his overnight stay, present his documents, explain the reason for his appearance and receive written permission to stay overnight. To go to a neighboring city, you will also need his permission. If one of the members of the "people's group" committed a crime, all other "groupmates" may be punished.
In general, any movement within the country is extremely limited. No one has the right to travel outside his county without special permission from the security authorities. Without this, it is impossible to buy a ticket. The platforms of railway stations are often guarded by soldiers of the internal troops, and you can enter the platform only through the control point, presenting sentries documents, a travel permit and a ticket. It is considered a crime if someone has a receiver that does not have a fixed tuning for the Pyongyang radio wave. This is strictly monitored by representatives of the Ministry of Public Security. Receivers are issued on warrants and coupons, as well as gifts from the "Great Leader". Until now, public executions are widely used in the DPRK. In September 1997, Seo Gwang-hee, secretary of the WPK Central Committee, and 17 party functionaries were executed and blamed for the collapse of agriculture and the resulting famine. True, executions with a large confluence of people are now carried out only in the provinces. Colleagues of the convict must be present among the spectators without fail.
Despite the secrecy of the personal life of the great leader, something is still known. From drinks, he prefers French cognacs and wines. A favorite dish is rice balls stuffed with dried radish or pickled cucumber. It is also known that Kim Jong Il is a skilled horse rider and avid film collector; he enjoys listening to music - both folk and classical, as well as modern. The 60th anniversary of his birth was celebrated with special pomp in the country. In a message to the leader, the party, the army, and representatives of the authorities vowed to fully devote themselves to the ideas of Kim Jong Il and be completely devoted to him. Thousands of children with flags and banners danced and performed acrobatic tricks in front of a huge portrait of the leader.
North Korea is going through hard times right now. The country has not experienced such an acute economic crisis for all the time of its existence. Industrial production has almost completely stopped, electricity is supplied only for a few hours a day. Apparently, this circumstance forced Kim Jong Il to take the path of changing his foreign policy positions. In 1999, the famous inter-Korean summit took place - a meeting of the leaders of North and South Korea. Among other things, agreements were reached on the establishment of economic relations. However, these relations are constrained by the presence of US troops in South Korea, which the Americans are not going to withdraw. In 2001, Kim Jong Il visited China, where, in addition to economic issues, he was interested in the experience of carrying out economic reforms while maintaining political control over society.
The DPRK possesses nuclear weapons and back in 1998 launched its first artificial satellite into low earth orbit. And this means that she has appeared intercontinental ballistic missiles capable of delivering nuclear charges anywhere in the world. In January 2003, the DPRK withdrew from the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. This caused great concern in the world, and the United States, resorting to pressure tactics, ranked North Korea - along with Afghanistan, Iraq and Iran - as an "axis of evil." But Kim Jong Il is unshakable - he is inspired by the spiritual testament of the “great leader” Kim Il Sung: “A steadfast revolutionary spirit and a noble sense of communist moral duty ... are the source of our ideological spiritual system. This was the guarantee of our revolution. So it was, is and will be.”
Name: Kim Jong Un
Age: 35 years
Growth: 175
Activity: North Korean statesman, military and political figure, head of the DPRK
Family status: Married
Kim Jong-un: biography
Kim Jong-un is one of the bloodiest dictators in the world, who poses a number of geopolitical threats to the planet. Pompous military parades, statues of leaders, rocket launches, weapons of mass destruction and Asian "Stalinism" have been associated with Kim Jong Un's name, to the horror of world leaders.
The main business of the life of the leader of the DPRK was the creation of a powerful nuclear weapon, with which Kim Jong-un intends to turn enemies into radioactive ashes. At the same time, in his native country, the leader is considered a "great reformer" who changed people's lives for the better by granting the people rights and freedoms that Koreans had not even dreamed of before.
The uncompromising nature of Kim Jong-un and the abundance of threats and statements have made the North Korean leader the object of jokes in other countries. The Internet is filled with memes with Kim Jong-un, residents of the Comedy Club wrote a number about the meeting of the North Korean dictator with and, and starred in the comedy action movie The Interview, where Kim Jong-un was declared the main villain.
The biography of Kim Jong-un consists of a solid secret. According to official information, the leader of the DPRK was born on January 8, 1982 in Pyongyang, but intelligence sources claim that Chen-un is a couple of years younger and was born no earlier than 1984. The parents of the future politician were the North Korean head and favorite of the ruler, the ballerina Ko Yong Hee. Chen Un became the second potential heir to his father - Chen Il's firstborn was Chen Nam, who was born to the head of the DPRK by actress Song Hye Rim, who, like Chen Un's mother, was not officially married to the leader of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea.
Kim Jong-un's education, like a child's life, is safely hidden from society. It is known that Chen Un studied at the Swiss International School in Bern, but the leadership of the educational institution assures that the leader of the DPRK did not cross the threshold of this school. According to North Korean intelligence services, Chen-un received knowledge on an individual basis at home and did not receive a single diploma from European universities.
Kim Jong-un appeared on the political horizon of the DPRK in 2008, when there were rumors about the fatal illness of his father, Chen Il, who led the country at that time. Then the North Korean throne was prophesied to the adviser of the North Korean leader Chas Song-taek, who at that time actually held the control apparatus of the DPRK in his hands and was the brother-in-law of Kim Jong Il. But the “cards” fell differently - thanks to her mother, who back in 2003 convinced the entire leadership of the republic that Chen Yn was his father’s favorite son and his only successor, in 2009 it was he who became the leader of the race for the post of leader of the DPRK.
Shortly before the death of his father, Kim Jong-un received the title of "Brilliant Comrade" and was appointed head of the National Security Service of North Korea. On November 24, 2011, he was officially proclaimed the Supreme Commander of the Korean People's Army, and a few days later he was elected chairman of the Central Committee of the ruling Labor Army in the country. For the first time after being appointed leader of the DPRK, Kim Jong-un appeared in public only in April 2012 during the parade dedicated to the centenary of his grandfather.
Politics
The policy of the youngest North Korean leader, who came to power at the age of 26, is saturated with sheer uncompromisingness and audacity.
Kim Jong-un does not differ in particular humanity in the internal politics of the DPRK either. During his reign, he executed more than 70 people, which was a record among all the rulers of the country. The leader of the country loves to arrange public executions of officials who, in his opinion, are working against him.
Also, accusations of corruption became a frequent reason for executions. Some foreign media even admire the policies of Kim Jong-un, urging the authorities of their own countries to fight corrupt officials just as effectively.
At the same time, Kim Jong-un is actively engaged in reforms in the DPRK, in which he has achieved considerable success. His reform achievements include the closing of camps for political prisoners, changing the so-called "serfdom", as a result of which people have the opportunity to create agricultural production cells from several families, and not from entire collective farms, and give the leader only part of their crops, and not all , as it was before.
Kim Jong-un also decentralized industry in the DPRK, transferring "many" powers to directors of enterprises. From now on, managers themselves can hire staff, assign salaries to them and choose the direction for marketing their products. In addition, the North Korean leader managed to maintain "friendship" with his practically only strategic partner - China, which is North Korea's main trading partner.
As a result of the reforms of Kim Jong-un, the standard of living of citizens increased, the introduction of new technologies and the development of the country's economy began.
Personal life
The personal life of Kim Jong-un, like his entire biography, does not have officially confirmed data. According to media reports, the leader of the DPRK has been married since 2009 to dancer Lee Sol Zhu. The sources also claim that the wife gave the North Korean leader two children, the first of whom was allegedly born in 2010, and the second in 2012.
It is known that Jong-un has health problems that are caused by his overweight. Among the chronic diseases of the North Korean leader, the medical card lists diabetes mellitus and hypertension, which have been tormenting him for several years.
In addition to "geopolitical games", nuclear weapons and North Korean domestic politics, the young ruler is fond of Western pop culture and basketball. During his leisure time, Kim Jong-un can take the time to watch American films with participation, and also likes to arrange large-scale entertainment events.
nuclear program
Kim Jong-un regularly throws out a loud challenge to the whole world, proving his power in a "forbidden" nuclear way. Bypassing all the resolutions of the UN Security Council, Chen-un continues the work of his father and develops the country's nuclear potential, threatening to destroy everyone who tries to stand in his way.
His most high-profile actions during his reign were the entry of the DPRK in 2012 into the "club of space powers", the conduct of the third nuclear test in the history of North Korea in 2013 and the launch of an artificial satellite into the Earth's orbit, which, as the North Korean leader promises, Kim Jong-un all put the world on the brink of nuclear war.
Kim Jong-un regularly conducts horrific tests that are not regulated by international law, and prioritizes the development of North Korean "nuclear weapons" of mass destruction, despite the severe sanctions imposed on the DPRK by all the leading countries of the world.
According to the North Korean leader, the nuclear program is the only way for a small country like North Korea, which also does not develop vast reserves of expensive minerals, to achieve recognition of its own interests on the world stage.
Although the nuclear program of North Korea has become the object of jokes, today it has already begun to cause fears of other nuclear powers. Kim Jong-un said that North Korea has developed warheads capable of reaching distant targets with long-range missiles.
Experts in the US believe that this statement may already be true, although the press does not have reliable information about new tests. Western experts also believe that Pyongyang's statement that the country has already created missiles capable of reaching the US mainland is true.
Kim Jong Un now
On February 13, 2017, Kim Jong Un's exiled half-brother Kim Jong Nam was a VX at Terminal 2 at Kuala Lumpur International Airport.
In May of the same year, North Korea announced an assassination attempt on its leader. According to the Koreans, the CIA and the South Korean National Intelligence Service hired a North Korean lumberjack working in Russia to kill Kim Jong-un with "biochemical weapons." This weapon is described as both radioactive and poisonous at the same time.
Since September 2017, North Korea has not started new ballistic missile tests, citing the leader's health problems. In addition, in 2014 the leader is already six weeks old. A number of publications have theorized about the seriousness of Kim Jong-un's illness and even suggested that he is dying due to an unknown "biochemical weapon" that was reported in May.
In November 2017, the US president wrote a series of tweets following his participation in the APEC summit in Vietnam, dedicated to Kim Jong-un. Trump complained that at the meeting, the North Korean leader called his American colleague names, calling him old, although Trump himself did not allow himself insults, although he could call a Korean small and fat (recall, Kim Jong-un is 175 cm tall). At the same time, the media remembered that Trump repeatedly insulted Kim Jong-un, calling him crazy and a suicidal astronaut.
Awards
- 2009 - Brilliant comrade
- 2011 - Supreme leader of the DPRK, leader of the party, army and people
- 2012 - "Genius among geniuses" in military strategy
- 2012 - Marshal of the DPRK