Do-it-yourself high-frequency wind generator. Assembling a homemade wind turbine: design options from FORUMHOUSE users

Alternative energy today is developing at a very fast pace. For example, a vertical-axis wind turbine is no longer a novelty. In the near future, renewable sources may significantly replace standard stations. They have a lot of benefits. For example, it is not difficult to make a vertical wind generator with your own hands, it is not very expensive. Moreover, for its production you can use improvised materials. As for the installation of such a unit, then you should already think about where to perform it. Perhaps, in your case, the installation of the structure will be impractical.

What is a product?

The presented design is a special generator for generating electrical energy by moving air flows (wind). In appearance, the device resembles an ordinary mill with blades and a high mast, at the base of which is the generator itself. Naturally, such an apparatus must not only be correctly designed, but also correctly equipped.

The movement of the "wings" is provided by the wind, so the energy source is renewable. The higher the mast, the more stable and higher the power generation will be. Naturally, the manufacture of such a device will require certain materials and devices for converting AC to DC. How can you make a vertical wind generator with your own hands, you will learn later. The main thing is to be patient and willing to work.

Scope of design

Basically, such a unit is installed during the construction of power plants. However, sometimes economical owners use it at home. You can use this device both in the city and in the countryside. In order to build a whole power plant, you need a fairly large area and a lot of windmills.

The energy generated in this way can be supplied to meet the needs of private consumers or industry. Naturally, in the latter case, it is necessary to consider the economic feasibility of using such a source of electricity.

Advantages of the device

Before you make a vertical wind generator with your own hands, you must definitely find out its advantages. Among them are the following:

Low operating costs, easy installation and maintenance. You can do all this yourself. You won't need a lot of time or money to do this.

You can design a vertical wind generator with your own hands.

Fast installation. The main thing is that the device is fixed firmly so that the force of the wind does not break it.

Safety for the environment, since the generation of such energy is not accompanied by harmful emissions and does not require the disposal of waste materials. Plus, the source is renewable, so you don't have to worry about running out of resources.

The possibility of using sufficiently large areas occupied by such a power plant for growing agricultural products.

Saving money. First, the cost of such electricity does not depend on the dollar exchange rate or market prices for standard fuel. Secondly, you do not need to extract and process raw materials. Thirdly, the structure is installed near the consumer, so there are no additional costs for the transportation of electricity. In addition, the wind does not need to be bought from other countries, which can drive up the price.

Device disadvantages

Before you make a wind generator, you must also consider all the disadvantages that accompany its use:

The considerable cost of the design, which was produced industrially. This disadvantage is easily eliminated, since you can build a mast and blades from improvised means. Naturally, the quality of the result in both cases may be different. Therefore, it is worth deciding whether you can design the unit yourself.

The low prevalence of products, which gives rise to a lot of speculation regarding their work and effectiveness.

The design emits a fairly high level of noise, and may also affect the quality of television or radio transmission. Much depends on how far from the house the windmill is located.

Wind is an unstable source of energy, as the weather can be calm. In this case, the generator will be simply useless.

The only negative impact on the environment is that birds can get caught in the blades and die.

In some cases, when installing a windmill, the aesthetic appearance of the landscape suffers, although this is not a problem for minimalists.

A large area is required to install the power plant.

Aggregate classification

Before you make a wind generator, you should understand how it happens. The following types of structures can be distinguished:

1. With cylindrical blades. Such a unit has a high torque, although it is quite large in size. The disadvantage of the device is considered not too good productivity. In addition, such a device is quite heavy.

2. Vertical-axial. They have a large number of blades that are vertical to the ground, while they are parallel to the mast. Such devices are productive and efficient, but they are quite expensive.

3. Helicoid rotary wind generator. Its feature is the shape of the blades: they are curved diagonally. As a result, they rotate evenly. The disadvantage of such an installation is its high cost, as well as strong noise. It is very difficult to build the blades of a vertical wind generator of this type on your own, since this requires special equipment.

4. Multi-bladed. They are quite efficient in generating energy, but are expensive. They have two rows of blades and an impressive size.

The wind generator, the photo of which you can see in the article, is a fairly good energy producer, if you choose its design correctly.

Is it possible to make the device yourself?

Naturally, many craftsmen are interested in whether it is possible to build such a structure with their own hands. Of course you can. First you need to decide on the type of product, as well as the tools that you will use and the corresponding materials.

It should be noted that you can assemble a home-made vertical wind generator from what you have at hand. For example, an old gas cylinder or a metal barrel. And you also have the opportunity to use old steel sheets or even fabric. It all depends on what kind of device you want to build.

What materials are needed for work?

So, before you make a windmill with your own hands, consider the question of what you will build it from. You will need the following materials:

1. Sheets of plywood (its thickness depends on the height of the structure, as well as on the number of blades and can be 0.5-1 cm). It is from this material that the part of the installation that will rotate is most often performed.

2. Thin sheet steel, duralumin, flexible plastic (you can also use fiberglass and fabric, but the latter option will be the least reliable).

3. A strong metal rod, the diameter of which must be at least 10 mm. At the same time, its height is about 60-70 cm. This rod will be the base of the turntable.

4. Fasteners (nuts, bolts, rivets).

5. Wooden bars or metal corners to fix the structure in a vertical position.

In principle, this is the main list of materials needed for work. In the process of performing the action, some other blanks may be needed.

Required Tools

Before you make a windmill with your own hands, you should collect what you will work with. You will definitely need the following tools:

Electric drill and drills for it.

Metal scissors.

Electric jigsaw with blades for wood and steel.

Wrenches or riveter.

Shovel and other earthwork tools (if the structure will be fixed on the ground).

Ruler, pencil, compass.

In addition, a wind generator circuit is needed, but it is no longer difficult to find it. You can even do it yourself, but for this you will need to make some calculations.

Features of the manufacture of blades

When the wind generator circuit is ready, you can begin to manufacture it. Let's start with the production of the rotating part. The blades of a vertical wind generator are made of plywood. Before cutting them, try to draw a cardboard template. To do this, use a pencil, ruler and compass. The length of the blade for the wind turbine is 19 cm, and the width at the edge is 9 cm. You will need to cut 6 parts, which will then be connected in pairs. The shape of the blades is drop-shaped.

Use a jigsaw to cut the workpiece. The cut must be neat and even. To connect the parts and form the wings, you will need wooden planks, 53 cm long.

The blades of the vertical generator must be at an angle. Usually it is 9 degrees to the center of the turntable. Naturally, this indicator can be adjusted after the design is fully completed. Next, the blades should be assembled and attached to the connecting strips. In this case, self-tapping screws are used as fasteners. You need to drill a hole through the parts and the bar at the same time. You can use glue if needed. In addition, the strips should not extend beyond the edges of the parts. Try to straighten them out as much as possible. The quality of the design will depend on this.

Next, the blades for the wind turbine and all wooden parts should be wrapped in metal. This is necessary so that the wood does not deteriorate under the influence of external conditions (rain, snow). rivets or bolts can be used to secure the metal.

Now you can fold the vertical axis generator.

Features of manufacturing and assembly of the entire structure

Let's proceed to fixing the wings to the central axis (steel rod). For this, circles cut out of plywood are used. In order to draw them correctly, use a protractor. The diameter of these circles is 20 cm with a disk thickness of 1 cm. A hole must be made in their center through which the rod can be threaded.

Next, the finished wings should be attached to the axis. To do this, on both sides of the rod, it is necessary to screw 2 nuts at a distance of 6 cm from the edges. Next, circles are put on it and also screwed with a nut. The discs must be fixed tightly enough. As for the wings, they should not be tightened very loosely, but they must be able to rotate. Naturally, at this stage of assembly, you need to set the correct angle of rotation of the blades.

In principle, a home-made vertical wind generator is almost ready. You just need to make a frame-rack on which it will be mounted and rotate freely. For its manufacture, you can take metal corners of the required height. Naturally, you can use wooden bars. Keep in mind that the force of the wind can be strong, so you need to try to ensure the maximum stability of the frame. Before connecting all other appliances, the windmill must be checked and the necessary amendments made.

Please note that the rotor pitch can be dynamic or static. In the first case, the operating speed range is higher. However, it will have to be equipped with blades of a special shape. It is quite expensive and technologically difficult. With a static rotor pitch, you only have one specific speed. The windmill can no longer spin faster. Although in this case the reliability of the device is higher, and the frequency of breakdowns decreases.

In addition, when the windmill rotates, it is necessary to ensure the balance of the structure. In this way, you can maintain its integrity. In addition, the wind can be very strong, and the speed will have to be reduced. For this, a special centrifugal regulator is used. It slows down the course of the blades if it exceeds the allowed rate. If the wind is weak, then the efficiency of the unit can be increased using a chain mechanism.

A vertical wind generator, the price of which is about $ 200-300 and above, can be made independently. To generate electricity, a conventional car device can be connected to a windmill. A small generator is enough for you to provide light in the house, connect chargers, power a laptop or other small appliances. In addition, you will also need a converter that will turn direct current into alternating current. And you also need a voltage stabilizer, which will make the work of the mini-station safe.

That's all the features of the construction of a home-made installation for generating electricity due to the movement of the wind. Good luck!

How to make a vertical wind generator

Wind generators are divided according to the type of placement of the rotating axis (rotor) into vertical and horizontal. We considered the design of a wind turbine with a horizontal rotor in the last article, now let's talk about a wind generator with a vertical rotor.

First of all, consider the advantages and disadvantages of a vertical windmill.

Low noise level - wind, the wheel practically does not make noise and does not interfere, there is no characteristic whistle of the propeller.

Simplicity of design - making such a wind generator and installing it will not be particularly difficult.

Reliable design - all components are compact, easy to maintain.

The main disadvantage of the design of a wind turbine with a vertical rotor is its low speed, such a windmill must be installed in an area with a prevailing wind speed of more than 4 m/s.

There is practically no protection against hurricane winds - if in a horizontal windmill during a hurricane a folding shank is automatically triggered that turns the wind wheel, then in this design you need to manually jam the rotor, as an option, close the contacts at the output of the coils.

How to make a vertical wind generator.

First of all, if you decide to make a windmill with a vertical axis, you need to decide on a generator.

Since the vertical wind generator is low-speed, then, accordingly, you will need a generator capable of charging the battery at sufficiently low speeds.

A car alternator is not entirely suitable for this design, as it produces a charging current at speeds of more than 1000 rpm. For a car generator, you need to use a pulley with a gear ratio of 4 - 5 and modify the generator itself.

It is more practical to use an axial generator as a generator, you can make it yourself, the manufacturing process is described in this article.

Scheme of an axial generator for a wind generator.

Making a wind wheel for a vertical windmill.

The wind wheel (turbine) consists of two supports, upper and lower, as well as blades.

The wind wheel is made from sheets of aluminum or stainless steel, and the wind wheel can also be cut from a thin-walled barrel. The height of the wind wheel must be at least 1 meter.

In this wind wheel, the angle of the blades bend sets the speed of rotation of the rotor, the greater the bend, the greater the speed of rotation.

The wind wheel is bolted directly to the generator pulley.

Scheme of connection of the vetogenerator.

The generator is connected to the controller, which in turn is connected to the battery. It is more practical to use a car battery as an energy storage device. Since household appliances run on AC, we will need an inverter to convert DC 12V to AC 220V.

DIY vertical windmill (5 kW)

The activity of both individuals and all of today's humanity is practically impossible without electricity. Unfortunately, the rapidly increasing consumption of oil and gas, coal and peat leads to a decrease in the reserves of these resources on the planet. What can be done while earthlings still have all this? According to the conclusions of experts, it is the development of energy complexes that can solve the problems of world economic and financial crises. Therefore, the most relevant are the search and use of fuel-free energy sources.

Renewable, ecological, green9raquo;

Perhaps it is not worth reminding that everything new is a well-forgotten old. People have learned to use the strength of the river flow and the speed of the wind to obtain mechanical energy for a very long time. The sun heats water for us and moves cars, feeds spaceships. Wheels, installed in the beds of streams and small rivers, supplied water to the fields as early as the Middle Ages. One windmill could provide flour for several surrounding villages.

At the moment, we are interested in a simple question: how to provide your home with cheap light and heat, how to make a windmill with your own hands? 5 kW power or a little less, the main thing is that you can supply your home with current for the operation of electrical appliances.

It is interesting that in the world there is a classification of buildings according to the level of resource efficiency:

• conventional, built before 1980-1995;
• with low and ultra-low energy consumption - up to 45-90 kWh per 1 kV / m;
• passive and non-volatile, receiving current from renewable sources (for example, by installing a rotary wind generator (5 kW) with your own hands or a system of solar panels, you can solve this problem);
• energy-active buildings that generate more electricity than they need, receive money by giving it through the network to other consumers.

It turns out that our own, home mini-stations installed on rooftops and in yards can eventually compete with large electricity suppliers. And the governments of different countries in every possible way encourage the creation and active use of alternative energy sources.

How to determine the profitability of your own power plant

Researchers have proven that the reserve capacity of the winds is much greater than all the accumulated centuries-old fuel reserves. Among the ways to obtain energy from renewable sources, windmills have a special place, since their manufacture is simpler than the creation of solar panels. In fact, a 5 kW wind generator can be assembled with your own hands, having the necessary components, including magnets, copper wire, plywood and metal for the blades.

Connoisseurs argue that not only a structure of the correct shape, but also built in the right place can become productive and, accordingly, profitable. This means that it is necessary to take into account the presence, constancy and even the speed of air flows in each individual case and even in a particular region. If calm, calm and calm days periodically come in the area, the installation of a mast with a generator will not bring any benefit.

Before you start making a windmill with your own hands (5 kW), you need to consider its model and appearance. Do not expect a large energy output from a weak design. Conversely, when you only need to power a couple of light bulbs in the country, it makes no sense to build a huge windmill with your own hands. 5 kW is enough power to provide electricity to almost the entire lighting system and household appliances. If there is constant wind, there will be light.

How to make a wind generator with your own hands: a sequence of actions

At the place chosen for the high mast, the windmill itself is strengthened with a generator attached to it. The generated energy goes through the wires to the desired room. It is believed that the higher the mast design, the larger the diameter of the wind wheel and the stronger the air flow, the higher the efficiency of the entire device. In fact, everything is not quite like this:

• for example, a strong hurricane can easily break the blades;
• some models can be installed on the roof of an ordinary house;
• A properly selected turbine starts easily and performs well even in very low wind speeds.

The main types of windmills

Designs with a horizontal axis of rotation of the rotor are considered classic. Usually they have 2-3 blades and are installed at a great height from the ground. The greatest efficiency of such an installation is manifested with an air flow of a constant direction and its speed of 10 m/s. A significant disadvantage of this bladed design is the failure of the rotation of the blades in a frequently changing, gusty wind direction. This leads either to unproductive work or to the destruction of the entire installation. To start such a generator after stopping, a forced initial spin-up of the blades is necessary. In addition, with active rotation, the blades emit specific sounds that are unpleasant to the human ear.

A vertical wind generator ("Volchok9raquo; 5 kW or other) has a different rotor placement. H-shaped or barrel-shaped turbines capture wind from any direction. These designs are smaller, run even at the weakest air flows (at 1.5-3 m/s), do not require high masts, they can be used even in urban environments. In addition, do-it-yourself (5 kW - this is real) assembled windmills reach their rated power with a wind of 3-4 m / s.

Sails are not on ships, but on land

One of the most popular trends in wind energy today is the creation of a horizontal generator with soft blades. The main difference is both the material of manufacture and the shape itself: do-it-yourself windmills (5 kW, sail type) have 4-6 triangular fabric blades. Moreover, unlike traditional structures, their cross section increases in the direction from the center to the periphery. This feature allows not only to “catch9raquo; light wind, but also to avoid the loss of hurricane airflow.

The advantages of sailboats include the following indicators:

• high power at slow rotation;
• self-orientation and adjustment to any wind;
• high vane and low inertia;
• no need for forced spinning of the wheel;
• completely silent rotation even at high speeds;
• absence of vibrations and sound disturbances;
• relative cheapness of construction.

DIY windmills

5 kW of required electricity can be obtained in several ways:

• build a simple rotary structure;
• assemble a complex of several successively located on the same axis of the sailing wheels;
• use an axial construction with neodymium magnets.

It is important to remember that the power of the wind wheel is proportional to the product of the cubic value of the wind speed and the swept area of ​​the turbine. So, how to make a 5 kW wind generator? Instructions below.

As a basis, you can take a car hub and brake discs. 32 magnets (25 by 8 mm) are placed in parallel in a circle on the future disks of the rotor (moving part of the generator) for each disk, 16 pieces, moreover, the pluses necessarily alternate with the minuses. Opposite magnets must have different pole values. After marking and placement, everything on the circle is poured with epoxy.

Coils of copper wire are placed on the stator. Their number should be less than the number of magnets, that is, 12. First, all the wires are brought out and connected to each other with a star or triangle, then they are also filled with epoxy glue. It is recommended to insert pieces of plasticine into the coils before pouring. After the resin has hardened and removed, holes will remain that are needed for ventilation and cooling of the stator.

How it all works

The rotor disks, rotating relative to the stator, form a magnetic field, and an electric current appears in the coils. And the windmill, connected by means of a system of pulleys, is needed in order to move these parts of the working structure. How to make a wind generator with your own hands? Some start building their own power plant by assembling a generator. Others - from the creation of a bladed rotating part.

The shaft from the windmill is coupled with a sliding joint to one of the rotor disks. A lower, second disk with magnets is placed on a strong bearing. The stator is located in the middle. All parts are attached to the plywood circle with long bolts and fixed with nuts. Between all the "pancakes9raquo; be sure to leave minimum clearances for free rotation of the rotor discs. The result is a 3-phase generator.

“Barrel9raquo;

It remains to make windmills. With your own hands, a 5 kW rotating structure can be made from 3 circles of plywood and a sheet of the thinnest and lightest duralumin. Metal rectangular wings are attached to plywood with bolts and corners. Preliminarily, wave-shaped guide grooves are hollowed out in each plane of the circle, into which the sheets are inserted. The resulting two-story rotor has 4 wavy blades attached to each other at right angles. That is, between each two hubs fastened with plywood pancakes, there are 2 duralumin blades curved in the shape of a wave.

This design is mounted in the center on a steel stud, which will transmit torque to the generator. Do-it-yourself (5 kW) windmills of this design weigh approximately 16-18 kg with a height of 160-170 cm and a base diameter of 80-90 cm.

What to Consider

Windmill-"barrel9raquo; can be installed even on the roof of a building, although a tower 3-4 meters high is quite enough. However, it is imperative to protect the generator housing from natural precipitation. It is also recommended to install an energy storage battery.

To obtain an alternating current from a direct 3-phase current, a converter must also be included in the circuit.

How to make a vertical wind generator with your own hands

Recently, fans of renewable energy sources prefer vertical designs of windmills. Horizontal ones go down in history. The point is not only that it is easier to make a vertical wind generator with your own hands than a horizontal one. The main motive for this choice is efficiency and reliability.

Benefits of a vertical windmill

1. The vertical design of the windmill catches the wind better: there is no need to determine where it is blowing from and orient the blades to the air flow. 2. The installation of such equipment does not require its high location, which means that it will be easier to maintain a vertical windmill with your own hands. 3. The design contains fewer moving parts, which improves its reliability. 4. The optimal profile of the blades increases the efficiency of the windmill. 5. The multi-pole generator used to generate electricity is less noisy.

Let's talk about how to make parts and assemble a vertical wind generator with your own hands.

Do-it-yourself algorithm for making a turbine

1. Supports (upper and lower) of the blades are two concentric circles of the same size. They are made of ABS plastic - cut with a jigsaw. In one of them (it will be the top one), a hole with a diameter of 300 mm is made.

2. The lower support must rest on a hub, which can be used as a car hub. To connect the parts, you need to mark and drill 4 holes. 3. When assembling a vertical wind generator with your own hands, pay special attention to fastening the blades. A template is needed to correctly position the blades. On the lower support we draw a six-pointed star (Star of David), the corners of which will be on the edge of the circle. We project the drawing onto the upper support. We make the blades from thin sheet metal in the form of a strip 1160 mm long, the width of which is slightly more than the side of the star beam.

4. The blades are fixed with two corners at the top and bottom, while they must be bent so that a quarter of a circle is formed. They are arranged one after another in a circle, setting them on the edges of the rays.

We make a rotor

1. The bases for the rotor with a diameter of 400 mm are cut out of plywood 10 mm thick. Permanent neodymium magnets with high inductance are attached along the outer radius using liquid nails or epoxy glue. They are arranged similarly to the numbers on the watch dial (exactly 12 pieces) with respect to the polarity (it is recommended to mark them). To prevent the magnets from moving out of place, they are temporarily fixed with spacers made of wooden wedges.

2. The second rotor is made similarly and symmetrically to the first. The difference in the polarity of the magnets - it should be opposite.

How to assemble a stator

The stator is assembled from 9 inductors. There should be 3 groups of series-connected coils (3 per group): the end of the previous one is connected to the beginning of the next one (star configuration). Coils are located symmetrically at the vertices of three triangles inscribed in a circle. The winding is carried out with copper wire 0.51 mm in diameter (type - 24 AWG). 320 turns required. This will allow you to get a voltage of 100 V at 120 rpm at the generator output. turbines. A do-it-yourself vertical wind generator can be made with different output voltage and current parameters by reducing / increasing the number of turns and the diameter of the stator winding wire. The turns of the coils are wound in the same way. It is necessary to observe the direction of winding and mark its beginning and end. Epoxy glue is applied over the outer coil and electrical tape is wound in four places to prevent unwinding.

Rules and nuances of connecting coils

The ends of the coils must be cleaned of varnish insulation. Connections are made by soldering. The coils prepared in this way are placed on a paper sheet, on which a diagram of their location is applied (in accordance with the position of the permanent magnets of the rotor). Fix them with tape. All free fields of paper (except for the centers of the coils) are sealed with fiberglass, pouring epoxy resin with a hardener. The winding leads must be located outside or inside the stator. Holes are made in the stator to mount the bracket.

Final assembly and installation

The following are assembled on one axis (from top to bottom): the lower support of the blades, the disk with permanent magnets (the upper base of the rotor), the stator, the lower base of the rotor and the hub. All components are attached with studs to the bracket. We use stainless steel bolts for good contact. Having finalized the rest of the little things, we get the finished device. Do-it-yourself vertical windmill should be installed in an open area, where the wind force is greatest. It is desirable that there are no tall buildings nearby. Then the wind generator will generate electricity efficiently, which will help save money.

Wind turbines with a vertical axis of rotation

This section contains various designs of wind turbines with a vertical axis of rotation, made by fans of this type of wind turbines. There are many types and variations of vertical wind turbines. The simplest Savonius or simple barrels, and more advanced Darrieus rotors, which are more resourceful, but here each type has its own advantages and disadvantages.

Rotor Onipko

Description of the Onipko rotor. What is it? Another project to find investors or is it a really efficient wind generator

Vertical wind generator

Vertical wind generator of an unusual design

An interesting design of a wind generator, the generator of which is made of an asynchronous motor, but the generator is made with three stators and a triple rotor. the two-blade rotor with polycarbonate blades also rotates unusually.

Windmill from barrels with folding blades

Wind generator made from tin barrels. The generator is made of a 2.2 kW asynchronous motor, the rotor of which is converted to neodymium magnets. Belt generator drive. The blades of the windmill are hinged with centrifugal weights, although they open and close in the wind passing under the wind.

Wind generator from the motor-wheel

A few photos of a small vertical wind generator. As a generator, a motor-wheel from a scooter was used here, the transmission of torque to the generator was chain, the ratio was approximately 1:2.5. The dimensions of the rotor are 1 * 1.6 meters, the height of the mast is 9 meters. On an average wind, this windmill produces up to 3A and 17v to charge an alkaline battery.

Wind generator for water intake

The design of this wind generator, which has already become legendary in the Runet, drives a home-made pump, and it pumps water from the lake. Initially, the windmill was supposed to charge the battery, but too low speed nullified all attempts to generate electricity.

Vertical wind generator, Ugrinsky rotor

Homemade wind generator with a vertical axis of rotation and a rotor size of 0.75 * 1.6m. The design of the blades according to the drawings of the Ugrinsky rotor, this is an improved Savonius, in fact, KIEV of this design is higher. The structure is made of two blocks with an angle of 90 degrees, the material is plywood and aluminum. The generator for this windmill is axial type with permanent magnets.

The power of the wind turbine is about 50 watts in a wind of 7-8m/s.

Homemade Savonius-type wind generator

Homemade vertical wind generator with a rotor size of 1.8 * 1m. As a generator, a converted car generator.

The power of the wind turbine is 60 watts in a wind of 10 m / s, this is not much, but here the generator needs to be improved.

Do-it-yourself vertical wind generator

Do-it-yourself vertical wind generator Alternative energy today is developing at a very fast pace. For example, a vertical-axis wind turbine is no longer a novelty. AT

About that, we talked in one of the previous materials. Today, your attention will be presented to the models of wind turbines built by users of our portal. We will also share useful tips that will help you assemble the installation and avoid mistakes. Building a wind turbine with your own hands is a difficult task. Not every (even experienced) practitioner can accurately cope with its solution. However, any error found in time can be corrected. That's why the master - the head and hands.

The article addresses the following questions:

• From what materials and according to what drawings can wind turbine blades be made.
• The order of assembly of the axial generator.
• Is it worth it to remake a car generator for a wind turbine and how to do it right.
• How to protect a wind turbine from a storm.
• At what height should the wind turbine be installed?

Blade manufacturing

If you do not yet have experience in making screws for home wind turbines yourself, we recommend that you do not look for complex solutions, but use a simple method that has proven its effectiveness in practice. It consists in the manufacture of blades from an ordinary sewer PVC pipe. This method is simple, accessible and cheap.

Mikhail26 FORUMHOUSE user

Now about the blades: made from the 160th red sewer pipe with a foamed inner layer. Did according to the calculation presented in the photo.

The "red" pipe is mentioned by the user not by chance. It is this material that holds its shape better, is resistant to temperature changes and lasts longer (in comparison with gray PVC pipes).

Most often, pipes with a diameter of 160 to 200 mm are used in home wind energy. With them, you should start your experiments.

The shape and configuration of the blades are parameters that depend on the diameter of the pipe from which they are made, on the diameter of the wind wheel, on the speed of the propeller and other design characteristics. In order not to bother yourself with aerodynamic calculations, you can use the one posted on our portal by its author. It will allow you to determine the geometry of the blades by substituting your own values ​​\u200b\u200bin the calculation table (pipe diameter, propeller speed, etc.).

Mikhail26

I got used to sawing with an electric jigsaw. It turns out really quickly and efficiently. Note: be sure to put a large free play of the file on the jigsaw so that the file does not bite or break.

The design of the axial generator

When making a choice between a three-phase or single-phase generator, it is better to opt for the first option. A three-phase current source is less susceptible to vibrations that occur due to uneven load, and allows you to get constant power at the same rotor speed.

BOB691774 FORUMHOUSE user

Single-phase generators should not be wound: tested and proven in practice for a long time. Only on three phases can you get decent generators.

The design parameters of the generator, which we talked about in our previous material, are determined by the current needs for electricity. And so that in practice they correspond to the amount of generated power, the design of the axial generator must meet certain requirements:

1. The thickness of all disks (rotor and stator) must be equal to the thickness of the magnets.
2. The optimal ratio of coils and magnets is 3:4 (4 magnets for every 3 coils). For 9 coils - 12 magnets (6 for each rotor disk), for 12 coils - 16 magnets and so on.
3. The optimal distance between two adjacent magnets located on the same disk is equal to the width of these magnets.

Increasing the distance between two adjacent magnets will result in uneven power generation. It is possible to reduce this distance, but it is better, nevertheless, to observe the optimal parameters.

Aleksei2011 FORUMHOUSE user

It is a mistake to make the distance between the magnets equal to half the width of the magnet. One person turned out to be right when he said that the distance should be no less than the width of the magnet.

If you do not delve into a boring theory, then the circuit for overlapping the coils of an axial generator with permanent magnets in practice should look like this.

At each moment of time, the same poles of the magnets similarly cover the windings of the coils of a single phase.

Aleksei2011

This is how it is in real life: everything coincides with the picture by almost 100%, only the coils differ quite a bit in shape.

We will consider the assembly sequence of the axial generator using the example of a device assembled by the user Aleksei2011.

Aleksei2011

This time I am making a disk axial generator. Disc diameter - 220 mm, magnets - 50 * 30 * 10 mm. In total - 16 magnets (8 pieces per disc). The coils were wound with wire Ø1.06 mm, 75 turns each. Coils - 12 pieces.

Stator manufacturing

As you can see in the photo, the coils are shaped like an elongated drop of water. This is done so that the direction of movement of the magnets is perpendicular to the long side sections of the coil (this is where the maximum EMF is induced).

If round magnets are used, the inside diameter of the coil should roughly match the diameter of the magnet. If square magnets are used, the coil windings must be configured in such a way that the magnets overlap the straight lengths of the windings. The installation of longer magnets does not make much sense, because the maximum EMF values ​​occur only in those sections of the conductor that are located perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field.

The manufacture of the stator begins with the winding of the coils. Coils are easiest to wind according to a pre-prepared template. Templates are very different: from small hand tools to miniature home-made machines.

The coils of each individual phase are connected to each other in series: the end of the first coil is connected to the beginning of the fourth, the end of the fourth to the beginning of the seventh, etc.

Recall that when the phases are connected according to the “star” scheme, the ends of the windings (phases) of the device are connected into one common node, which will be the neutral of the generator. In this case, three free wires (the beginning of each phase) are connected to a three-phase diode bridge.

When all the coils are assembled into a single circuit, you can prepare a mold for pouring the stator. After that, we immerse the entire electrical part in the mold and fill it with epoxy.

Production of a rotor for an axial shaft

Most often, home-made axial generators are made on the basis of a car hub and brake discs compatible with it (you can use home-made metal discs, as I did Aleksei2011). The scheme will be as follows.

In this case, the stator diameter is larger than the rotor diameter. This allows the stator to be attached to the frame of the wind turbine using metal studs.

Aleksei2011

Studs for mounting the M6 ​​stator are (in the amount of 3 pieces). This is purely for the generator test. Subsequently, there will be 6 pieces (M8). I think that this will be quite enough for a generator of such power.

In some cases, the stator disk is attached to the fixed axis of the generator. This approach makes it possible to make the design of the generator less overall, but the principles of operation of the device do not change from this.

Opposite magnets must be directed towards each other with opposite poles: if on the first disk the magnet faces the generator stator with its south pole “S”, then the opposite magnet located on the second disk must face the stator with its “N” pole. In this case, the magnets located side by side on the same disk must also be oriented in different directions.

The strength of the magnetic field that neodymium magnets create is quite large. Therefore, the distance between the stator disks and the generator rotor should be adjusted using a stud-threaded connection.

This is a design variant in which the rotor diameter is larger than the stator diameter. The stator in this case is attached to the fixed axis of the device.

Also, to adjust the distance between the discs, you can use spacers (or washers), which are installed on the fixed axis of the generator.

The distance between the magnets and the stator should be minimal (1…2 mm). You can glue magnets on the generator disks with ordinary superglue. It is best to stick magnets using a pre-prepared template (for example, from plywood).

Here is what the preliminary tests of the generator performed by the user showed Aleksei2011 using a screwdriver: at 310 rpm, 42 volts were removed from the device (connection - star). One phase produces 22 volts. The calculated resistance of one phase is 0.95 Ohm. After connecting the battery, the screwdriver was able to spin the generator up to 170 rpm, while the charging current was 3.1A.

After lengthy experiments, which were associated with the modernization of the working screw and other smaller improvements, the generator showed its maximum performance.

Aleksei2011

Finally, the wind came to us, and I recorded the maximum power of the windmill: the wind intensified, and gusts at times reached 12 - 14 m / s. The maximum recorded power is 476 watts. With a wind of 10m / s, the windmill produces about 300 watts.

Wind power plant from a car generator

A popular solution among people who practice making wind turbines with their own hands is to remake a car generator for alternative needs. Despite the attractiveness of such an undertaking, it should be noted that a car generator in the form in which it is installed on a vehicle engine is quite problematic to use as part of a wind power plant. Let's see why:

1. Firstly, the winding of the coils of a standard automobile generator consists of only 5 ... 7 turns. Therefore, in order for such a generator to start charging the battery, its rotor must be spun up to about 1200 rpm.
2. Secondly, the magnetic induction in a standard automotive alternator occurs due to the excitation coil, which is built into the rotor of the device. In order for such a generator to work without being connected to an additional power source, it must be equipped with permanent magnets (preferably neodymium) and certain adjustments must be made to the stator winding.

Mikhail26

The converted oscillator (for magnets) has the right to life. I have two of these now. In a wind of 8 m/s with two meter propellers, they give an honest 300 watts each.

Alteration of a car generator for a wind turbine requires some skill. Therefore, it is advisable to start it with experience in rewinding induction motors or generators with a standard cylindrical stator (both of which, if desired, can be turned into an alternative power plant). Alteration of a car generator has its own nuances. It will be much easier to understand them if you turn to those who have managed to achieve certain success in this area.

Cable twist protection

As you know, the wind does not have a constant direction. And if your wind generator rotates around its axis like a weather vane, then without additional protection measures, the cable going from the wind generator to other elements of the system will quickly twist and become unusable within a few days. We offer you several ways to protect yourself from such troubles.

Method one: detachable connection

The simplest, but completely impractical way to protect is to install a detachable cable connection. The connector allows you to untangle the twisted cable manually by disconnecting the wind generator from the system.

w00w00 FORUMHOUSE user

I know that some people put something like a plug with a socket downstairs. Twisted the cable - disconnected from the outlet. Then - untwisted and stuck the plug back. And the mast does not need to be lowered, and current collectors are not needed. I read this on a forum on homemade windmills. Judging by the words of the author, everything works and does not twist the cable too often.

Method two: using a hard cable

Some users advise connecting thick, elastic and rigid cables (for example, welding cables) to the generator. The method, at first glance, is unreliable, but has the right to life.

user343 FORUMHOUSE user

Found on one site: our method of protection is to use a welding cable with a hard rubber coating. The problem of twisted wires in the design of small wind turbines is greatly overestimated, and welding cable #4...#6 has special qualities: hard rubber prevents the cable from twisting and prevents the windmill from turning in the same direction.

Method three: installing slip rings

In our opinion, only the installation of special slip rings will help to completely protect the cable from twisting. It is this method of protection that the user implemented in the design of his wind generator. Michael 26.

Wind Turbine Storm Protection

It is about protecting the device from hurricanes and strong gusts of wind. In practice, it is implemented in two ways:

1. By limiting the speed of the wind wheel with the help of an electromagnetic brake.
2. The removal of the plane of rotation of the screw from the direct impact of the wind flow.

The first method is based on a wind generator. We have already talked about it in one of the previous articles.

The second method involves the installation of a folding tail, which allows, at nominal wind strength, to direct the propeller towards the wind flow, and during a storm, on the contrary, to take the propeller out of the wind.

Tail folding protection occurs according to the following scheme.

1. In calm weather, the tail is slightly inclined (down and to the side).
2. At nominal wind speed, the tail straightens out and the propeller becomes parallel to the airflow.
3. When the wind speed exceeds the nominal values ​​(for example, 10 m/s), the wind pressure on the propeller becomes greater than the force created by the weight of the tail. At this point, the tail begins to fold, and the propeller moves out of the wind.
4. When the wind speed reaches critical values, the propeller rotation plane becomes perpendicular to the wind flow.

When the wind weakens, the tail under its own weight returns to its original position and turns the screw towards the wind. In order for the tail to return to its original position without additional springs, a swivel mechanism with an inclined pivot (hinge) is used, which is installed on the axis of rotation of the tail.

The optimal tail area is 15%...20% of the wind turbine area.

The most common variant of the mechanical protection of a wind generator is presented to your attention. In one form or another, it is successfully used in practice by users of our portal.

watch cat FORUMHOUSE user

In a storm, it is necessary to slow down the propeller by pulling it out from under the wind. For example, when the wind is too strong, the windmill capsizes with the screw up. Not the best option, because the return to the working position is accompanied by a noticeable blow. But for ten years the windmill did not break.

A few words about the correct installation of a wind generator

When choosing the location and height of the mast that would be optimal for installing a wind turbine, you should focus on a variety of factors: the recommended height, the presence of obstacles near the wind turbine, as well as your own observations and measurements.

In order to calculate the optimal mast height for a home wind turbine, it is necessary to add another 10 meters to the height of the nearest obstacle (tree, building, etc.), which is located within a radius of 100 meters from the wind turbine mast. This way you will get the height of the bottom point of the wind wheel.

Leo2 FORUMHOUSE user

In the USA, for example, the minimum recommended mast height for a wind turbine with a power of several kW is 15 m, but the higher the better. The bottom of the wind turbine must be at least 10 m above the nearest highest obstacle. Of course, you must first survey the area and choose the optimal height of the mast. Only a very experienced specialist can do this by eye. In all other cases, careful measurements should be carried out within a year (at least).

In the process of installing homemade wind turbines, theory very often diverges from practice, therefore, on average, homemade masts have a height of 6 to 12 meters. The main advantage of homemade towers (masts) is that if any parameters do not meet your needs, the design, dimensions and installation height can be changed at any time.

Before carrying out welding work related to the repair or modernization of the structure, the generator must be turned off and removed from the mast. Otherwise, under the influence of welding currents, permanent magnets may fail (demagnetize).

The rich experience of FORUMHOUSE users is collected in one of the sections of our building portal. If you are seriously interested in alternative energy, we recommend that you read the article on (batteries). Surely, you will also be interested in a short video about the features of the correct construction of a powerful and functional power supply system for a country house, which, according to the classical scheme, is connected to a standard transformer substation.

A wind generator made from a car generator can help in a situation where there is no way to connect to a power line in a private house. Or serve as an auxiliary source of alternative energy. Such a device can be made with your own hands from improvised materials, using the achievements of craftsmen. Photos and videos will demonstrate the process of creating a homemade wind turbine.

Wind generator design

There is a huge species diversity of wind turbines and drawings of their manufacture. But any design includes the following mandatory elements:

• generator;
• blades;
• storage battery;
• mast;
• the electronic unit.

In addition, it is necessary to think over the control and distribution system of electricity in advance, draw an installation diagram.

wind wheel

The blades are perhaps the most important part of a wind turbine. The operation of the remaining components of the device will depend on the design. They are made from different materials. Even from a plastic sewer pipe. Blades from a pipe are easy to manufacture, are cheap and are not affected by moisture. The wind turbine manufacturing process is as follows:

1. It is necessary to calculate the length of the blade. The diameter of the pipe should be equal to 1/5 of the total footage. For example, if the blade is meter long, then a pipe with a diameter of 20 cm will do.
2. We cut the pipe with a jigsaw along into 4 parts.
3. We make a wing from one part, which will serve as a template for cutting subsequent blades.
4. We smooth out the burr on the edges with an abrasive.
5. The blades are fixed to an aluminum disk with welded strips for fastening.
6. Next, the generator is screwed to this disk.

After assembly, the wind wheel needs to be balanced. It is fixed on a tripod horizontally. The operation is carried out in a room closed from the wind. If the balance is correct, the wheel should not move. If the blades rotate themselves, then they need to be sharpened to balance the entire structure.

Only after the successful completion of this procedure, you should proceed to check the accuracy of rotation of the blades, they should spin in the same plane without skew. An error of 2 mm is allowed.

Mast

For the manufacture of the mast, an old water pipe with a diameter of at least 15 cm, a length of about 7 m is suitable. If there are buildings within 30 m of the intended installation site, then the height of the structure is adjusted upwards. For efficient operation of the wind turbine, the blade is raised above the obstacle by at least 1 m.

The base of the mast and pegs for fixing the guy wires are concreted. Clamps with bolts are welded to the stakes. For stretch marks, a galvanized 6 mm cable is used.

Advice. The assembled mast has a considerable weight, with manual installation you will need a counterweight from a pipe with a load.

Alteration of the generator

For the manufacture of a windmill generator, a generator from any car is suitable. Their designs are similar to each other, and the alteration comes down to rewinding the stator wire and making the rotor on neodymium magnets. Holes are drilled in the poles of the rotor to fix the magnets. Install them by alternating poles. The rotor is wrapped in paper, and the voids between the magnets are filled with epoxy.

In the same way, you can remake the engine from an old washing machine. Only magnets in this case are glued at an angle to avoid sticking.

The new winding is rewound along the coil onto the stator tooth. You can make a bulk winding, it's convenient for anyone. The greater the number of turns, the more efficient the generator will be. Coils are wound in one direction according to a three-phase scheme.

The finished generator is worth trying out and measuring the data. If at 300 rpm the generator produces about 30 volts, this is a good result.

final assembly

The generator frame is welded from a profile pipe. The tail is made of galvanized sheet. The rotary axis is a tube with two bearings. The generator is attached to the mast in such a way that the distance from the blade to the mast is at least 25 cm. For safety reasons, a calm day should be chosen for the final assembly and installation of the mast. The blades under the influence of a strong wind can bend and break on the mast.

To use batteries to power equipment that runs on 220 V, you will need to install a voltage conversion inverter. The battery capacity is selected individually for the wind generator. This indicator depends on the wind speed in the area, the power of the connected equipment and the frequency of its use.

To prevent the battery from failing from overcharging, you will need a voltage controller. You can make it yourself if you have sufficient knowledge in electronics, or buy ready-made. There are many controllers for alternative energy mechanisms on the market.

Advice. To prevent the blade from breaking in strong winds, a simple device is installed - a protective weather vane.

Wind turbine maintenance

A wind generator, like any other device, needs technical control and maintenance. For the smooth operation of the windmill, the following work is periodically carried out.

1. The current collector requires the most attention. Generator brushes need cleaning, lubrication and preventive adjustment every two months.
2. At the first sign of a blade malfunction (trembling and imbalance of the wheel), the wind generator is lowered to the ground and repaired.
3. Once every three years, metal parts are coated with anti-corrosion paint.
4. Regularly check the fastenings and tension of the cables.

Now that the installation is complete, you can connect appliances and use electricity. At least as long as it's windy.

DIY windmill generator: video

Wind generator for a private house: photo

A wind generator made from a car generator can help in a situation where there is no way to connect to a power line in a private house. Or serve as an auxiliary source of alternative energy. Such a device can be made from improvised materials, using the achievements of craftsmen. Photos and videos will demonstrate the process of creating a homemade wind turbine.

Wind generator design

There is a huge species diversity of wind turbines and drawings of their manufacture. But any design includes the following mandatory elements:

• generator;
• blades;
• storage battery;
• mast;
• the electronic unit.

In addition, it is necessary to think over the control and distribution system of electricity in advance, draw an installation diagram.

wind wheel

The blades are perhaps the most important part of a wind turbine. The operation of the remaining components of the device will depend on the design. They are made from different materials. Even from a plastic sewer pipe. Blades from a pipe are easy to manufacture, are cheap and are not affected by moisture. The wind turbine manufacturing process is as follows:

1. It is necessary to calculate the length of the blade. The diameter of the pipe should be equal to 1/5 of the total footage. For example, if the blade is meter long, then a pipe with a diameter of 20 cm will do.
2. We cut the pipe with a jigsaw along into 4 parts.
3. We make a wing from one part, which will serve as a template for cutting subsequent blades.
4. We smooth out the burr on the edges with an abrasive.
5. The blades are fixed to an aluminum disk with welded strips for fastening.
6. Next, the generator is screwed to this disk.

After assembly, the wind wheel needs to be balanced. It is fixed on a tripod horizontally. The operation is carried out in a room closed from the wind. If the balance is correct, the wheel should not move. If the blades rotate themselves, then they need to be sharpened to balance the entire structure.

Only after the successful completion of this procedure, you should proceed to check the accuracy of rotation of the blades, they should spin in the same plane without skew. An error of 2 mm is allowed.

Mast

For the manufacture of the mast, an old water pipe with a diameter of at least 15 cm, a length of about 7 m is suitable. If there are buildings within 30 m of the intended installation site, then the height of the structure is adjusted upwards. For efficient operation of the wind turbine, the blade is raised above the obstacle by at least 1 m.

The base of the mast and pegs for fixing the guy wires are concreted. Clamps with bolts are welded to the stakes. For stretch marks, a galvanized 6 mm cable is used.

Advice. The assembled mast has a considerable weight, with manual installation you will need a counterweight from a pipe with a load.

Alteration of the generator

For the manufacture of a windmill generator, a generator from any car is suitable. Their designs are similar to each other, and the alteration comes down to rewinding the stator wire and making the rotor on neodymium magnets. Holes are drilled in the poles of the rotor to fix the magnets. Install them by alternating poles. The rotor is wrapped in paper, and the voids between the magnets are filled with epoxy.

In the same way, you can remake the engine from an old washing machine. Only magnets in this case are glued at an angle to avoid sticking.

The new winding is rewound along the coil onto the stator tooth. You can make a bulk winding, it's convenient for anyone. The greater the number of turns, the more efficient the generator will be. Coils are wound in one direction according to a three-phase scheme.

The finished generator is worth trying out and measuring the data. If at 300 rpm the generator produces about 30 volts, this is a good result.

final assembly

The generator frame is welded from a profile pipe. The tail is made of galvanized sheet. The rotary axis is a tube with two bearings. The generator is attached to the mast in such a way that the distance from the blade to the mast is at least 25 cm. For safety reasons, a calm day should be chosen for the final assembly and installation of the mast. The blades under the influence of a strong wind can bend and break on the mast.

To use batteries to power equipment that runs on 220 V, you will need to install a voltage conversion inverter. The battery capacity is selected individually for the wind generator. This indicator depends on the wind speed in the area, the power of the connected equipment and the frequency of its use.

To prevent the battery from failing from overcharging, you will need a voltage controller. You can make it yourself if you have sufficient knowledge in electronics, or buy ready-made. There are many controllers for alternative energy mechanisms on the market.

Advice. To prevent the blade from breaking in strong winds, a simple device is installed - a protective weather vane.

Wind turbine maintenance

A wind generator, like any other device, needs technical control and maintenance. For the smooth operation of the windmill, the following work is periodically carried out.

1. The current collector requires the most attention. Generator brushes need cleaning, lubrication and preventive adjustment every two months.
2. At the first sign of a blade malfunction (trembling and imbalance of the wheel), the wind generator is lowered to the ground and repaired.
3. Once every three years, metal parts are coated with anti-corrosion paint.
4. Regularly check the fastenings and tension of the cables.

Now that the installation is complete, you can connect appliances and use electricity. At least as long as it's windy.

DIY windmill generator: video

Wind generator for a private house: photo

Throughout the entire time of its development, mankind has made both insignificant and colossal discoveries that literally change the cognitive and objective reality and ideas, based on the widest range of existing laws on planet Earth. All of them, one way or another, were determined by certain factors and were the fruits of the needs and the need to improve something, create, change, adjust for themselves. Based on this, today we have literally come to the conclusion that there are strictly individual needs for the use of already modern and efficient devices and mechanisms that allow you to get the most out of everything that surrounds you. We will talk about such a device as a wind turbine (popularly - a wind blower, wind blower), as well as how to make it with your own hands, spending a minimum of energy and money, and getting the maximum result.

What is a wind generator

An excellent example for the presentation of a wind generator and its action can be the famous computer game Minecraft, where wind generators are revealed in all their qualities. The average mini-generator is arranged in a certain way.

All wind turbines in their essence are differentiated into the following main types:

1. One of the most common is rotary (vertical) wind turbines, operating on the basis of vertical axial rotation, carried out with the help of a rotor and blades.
2. Winged wind generators are a horizontal mechanism of axial rotation, carried out with the help of a so-called wheel and usually having a propeller in its system.
3. Less often, you can also stumble upon drum wind turbines, which are, in essence, a subspecies of rotary wind turbines and operate on the same principles, but in a horizontal plane.

Of course, the first pictures that come to mind when the image of a wind generator arises are rotating blades, a screw, a tail, a turbine, or, as it is also called, a wind turbine, the so-called rotor.

The key link in all activities is a generator, a mast, batteries, an inverter connected to the power grid, a multiplier (reducer, if necessary) and a weather vane.

How to make a windmill with your own hands

Vertical wind turbines are the most efficient and easy to manufacture and operate, which leads to their sufficient prevalence, whether it is a spiral or direct mechanism.

Of great importance is both the purpose of creating a wind turbine and the area on which it will be installed, which should be taken into account when planning.

There are key points that require mandatory attention when creating a wind turbine. The first thing to be determined is, of course, the engine of all progress, the heart of the entire system - a generator that can be both purchased and made by yourself, which, in essence, requires some skill and skills, however, with due desire, a beginner can also handle it. . Depending on your goal, you want a serious machine at 10kW, 5kW (5kW) or less powerful at 12V, or a smaller and simpler bicycle-type wind turbine used as an electrical installation on the balcony of an apartment.

The wind turbine can be equipped with almost any generator:

• Whether it is a well-known rural tractor generator;
• Detail from an old computer or computer;
• Or maybe it's a low-noise car engine;
• An element of the engine of a washing machine, only its performance matters.

Next, we decide on the blades - the very spinning objects that resemble the blades of a mill. The blades can also be made from a large number of materials, the most promising and common of which are, for example, plywood, plastic, sometimes tin (barrel edges, for example), PVC material, and so on. When manufacturing, all significant factors should be taken into account - both the influence of centrifugal force, and the size of the blades, the wind flow on the ground, and others. It is most rational to create a winged character, by virtue of increasing efficiency, by influencing the distribution of the wind flow.

The next step is the manufacture of a device for determining the speed and direction of the wind - a weather vane. It is something like a metal flag that changes its position in accordance with the wind currents. Almost any relatively strong, but light layer of metal can be used as a weather vane.

Mast - a wide range of improvised means can also be used in its role, for example, a strong water pipe. It is quite possible to make a home-made wind apparatus (home-made) yourself, as already described, from the maximum available means, and the strength of the windmill depends on the materials used and the reasonableness of use in specific conditions. The simplest representative of such devices is quite capable of creating electricity for lighting a room, charging devices, and, if desired, even to meet the basic needs of a relatively small country house.

Selection of a generator for a windmill

The generator is the most important element of the entire installation, without which it is impossible to create a single volt of electricity. It is quite realistic to make a low-speed generator on your own from improvised means, but you should select all the elements for specific purposes, because if we are talking about a powerful installation, then quite serious details are needed here.

The generator includes:

1. The rotor is a movable element in the mechanism that performs a reverse function, and also on which a device is placed that receives energy from a source (body).
2. The stator is a closely interconnected element with a rotor, which is stationary, assembled, in the case of a generator, from metal sheets attached to each other, and on which an inductor (metal winding) is placed.
3. Neodymium magnets that perform an inductive function.

At the same time, to perform the function of a generator, depending on the purpose, you can use almost any workable mechanism, whether it be the remains of a tractor engine or an electric motor from a printer or a fan starter.

It is important how the copper electrical wire is selected.

If we are talking about making a generator from scratch, then elements are needed here. The hub is the middle part of the wheel, the metal base for the future motor. Neodymium magnets in a certain quantity and size. Metal discs are needed, on which magnets will be attached, polyester resin or another capable of fixing and gluing the magnetic layer, a thick layer of paper, plywood.

Making wind turbines with your own hands at 220V

It is quite possible to make a wind generator with a power of 220 volts yourself, and even this is far from the limit of possibilities, with due desire and the availability of the necessary materials.

Distinctive features of generators with relatively significant power to small ones with low power are:

1. Of course, a more powerful power plant requires more reliable, durable parts and components, as well as stronger wind.
2. Also, when creating and maintaining wind turbines with a power sufficient to maintain at least one large electrical household appliance, a battery used to store excess energy on it is an obligatory element.
3. It should be borne in mind that for more energy, a more serious control system is required, which leads to the integration of a control unit, including voltage stabilizers in its system, into such windmills.
4. For more serious and non-compact systems, an appropriate stable installation is required.

From the latter follows the need for a foundation, at least in the form of small prepared and filled holes in order to install a model in them. Also, axial generators are devoid of the sticking property, or, as they say, the starting point, due to which even the slightest wind can budge blades of such a device.

Otherwise, 220 V wind turbines (including their manufacture) practically do not differ from other representatives and obey the general rules outlined above.

The most common wind generator is based on an axial wind turbine system based on the use of neodymium magnets in it, which have won their high place in the market due to quality, durability and affordability.

Stages of building windmills for the house with your own hands

If we talk about a suburban area of ​​\u200b\u200bdacha or a manor, but it should be understood that the greater the need, the greater the cost. Especially if we keep in mind the purpose of heating or the constant maintenance of all household appliances, the laboriousness and maintenance of such a device, even if it is one of the most profitable.

A wind turbine, as already mentioned above, may well serve as the main source of electricity even for a whole house.

When compared with close analogues, for example, a solar source is in many ways inferior to windmills, because the sun does not come every day, but an electric generator is even more unlike a wind generator in terms of economic and environmental components.

The main components of a wind turbine for the home (to Of course, when talking about a wind turbine for a home, it should be understood that all the basic elements are needed

• Stator, rotor, inductor, which are the main components of the generator;
• Batteries for energy storage;
• Wind catcher, if we are talking about low wind area.

In addition, in the manufacture it is also possible to use the principles of the inventions of the APU by Sklyarov, Biryukov or Tretyakov, which will significantly increase the rationality and benefits of using the system and, for comfort, reduce noise effects.

Instructions: how to make a wind generator with your own hands

The wind turbine manufacturing process is creative and how it will be arranged depends only on the master. There is no universal instruction, since each design is a combination of various details and other factors of each particular case.

Everything is done with the help of basic tools - a screwdriver, a hammer, a grinder and other similar ones.

The first thing to do in the manufacture of a wind turbine is to determine the purpose and make basic calculations, drawings, determine the location, and so on. Next, you should assemble and fix the blades, the tail to the battery (connect to the generator).

The main and most optimal, tested and detailed instructions for making a wind generator with your own hands:

1. To make a generator from pre-prepared parts - 2 prepared metal pancakes with neodymium magnets are fastened against each other, between which a stator is inserted with a copper winding already on it.
2. A support (bracket) is installed on the mast (pipe), and a hub is installed above it.
3. Next, a generator should be installed on the hub, after which the stator should be connected to the support.
4. A wind turbine is installed on the other side.

Concrete and build the base of the structure in order to stabilize it in strong winds, calculating the main parameters, because for a significant installation of a step distance may not be enough.

Advantages of a homemade wind generator

In conclusion, it should be noted that a homemade wind generator is an excellent, modern and more and more affordable source of energy every day, spreading at an incredible speed. The main advantages of a wind generator, which cannot be assigned to electric generators based on a gas generator, are high efficiency, availability, efficiency, ease of installation and operation, modernity, most are low-noise, environmentally friendly.

Wind turbines today are a promising and increasingly efficient and growing means of generating electricity, while being relatively economical and quite affordable, even in order to make such a device with your own hands.

DIY wind generator: 4 kW (video)

Homemade wind turbines are a great way to learn new things, try new things, and make an affordable and easy way to provide electricity to the house in the simplest home conditions.