Device for sharpening kitchen knives. Knife sharpening tool - an essential tool in the household

If you thought that self-sharpening knives existed, this is a myth invented by marketers to sell their products. Any knife will dull sooner or later. So, you will have to look for solutions to correct this situation. Today, the editors of the site will tell you what methods and tools you need to use for this and in general what to do when your knife is dull.

Read in the article:

Types of devices for sharpening knives

Stone has existed since the earliest days of modern civilization. And almost the same amount of metal. That is why the grindstone became one of the first devices that came to the rescue of a reasonable person. A simple, and most importantly, affordable tool has been successfully coping with its task for many millennia.

However, in the modern world, only a simple hunting knife can be sharpened with a whetstone. In other cases, the quality will leave much to be desired. In addition, only soft metals are sharpened with a stone, and if the cutting part of the blade has a hardness above 55 HRC, then you cannot sharpen it with improvised means.

Consider the types of devices for sharpening knives. If we talk about what kind of abrasive material is used, then the tools can be made in the form of bars or grindstones. By type of drive: manual or electric. Usually in home kitchens you can find a simple mechanical machine.

And it is this angle of sharpening that must be maintained. However, not all household tools are able to sharpen a knife correctly. And that is why in this article the editors of the site will tell you what options can be used in order to sharpen a knife for specific purposes.

Important! Each type of blade has its own edge angle, and during sharpening it must be held along the entire length of the workpiece surface.

Master grinders even conduct special master classes on sharpening knives using natural stone. Breeds of real natural whetstones cannot be bought in a regular store. Interestingly, before the processing process, it is soaked in water, sometimes with soapy water, and dried after work.

Blades for sharpening knives

Knife sharpeners are one of the most affordable devices for any housewife. Usually they are special rectangular bars with a special abrasive coating. Such bars are useful for sharpening carpentry tools in the garage, as well as household utensils.

Grinding stones, depending on the material, can be either natural or synthetic. Their wear resistance and type of grain size depend on this. And that means the quality of sharpening. Consider the main types of materials that are used in the manufacture of whetstones:

• natural stones, such as novaculite or Japanese water stone. Working with such a tool is not very easy. They require certain skills and craftsmanship;
• diamond coated bars. Synthetic, have a high degree of wear resistance. Differ in affordable price;
• ceramic. They belong to a more modern type of sharpening bars. Combine the strength of diamond coating with the hardness of natural stone;
• artificial: electrocorundum or carbide. Fast grinding abrasive, low quality and the same price.

On the other hand, artificial abrasives are much cheaper than their natural counterparts. They are created by mixing diamond powders of different fractions, as well as electrocorundum and carbide.

Important! Of great importance in this case is the material used to glue the rock, as well as the percentage of all elements. The stronger and better the composition (this also applies to the particles themselves), the more resistant the grinding abrasive will be.

Bundle variations can be soft type and hard type. In the first case, the crystals are glued strictly on the surface of their base, made of nickel alloy. In fact, the crystals are located in a very thin layer on the bar. A soft bond is a chaotic arrangement of bonding and abrasive elements. The second type is less durable.

Sharpening stones for knives

As we noted earlier, natural stones are more effective means of sharpening knives. Their effectiveness has been proven at all stages of sharpening. Artificial analogues, although they are distinguished by wear resistance and affordable price, however, cannot boast of ideal sharpness. Natural whetstones require special care, because the most important rule of the master is a perfectly flat surface of the whetstone.

Expert opinion

Tool selection consultant LLC "VseInstrumenty.ru"

“To check the degree of evenness of a stone, use a simple method. Wet the timber and place it on the paper sheet on a flat surface. The print will allow you to assess the degree of evenness of the stone.”

Novaculites, or "Arkansas", "Turkish", "Belgian" stones are natural slates and chalcedony interspersed with the smallest particles of garnet and quartz. Today, both natural stones and their artificial substitutes are used.

Musat for sharpening knives

Musat from the side is somewhat reminiscent of a file. In any case, such a comparison comes at first glance. The peculiarity of this tool is that its surface is magnetized, which means that metal flour will not fall on you.

Each type of musat is designed for sharpening a certain type of tool, and has a different degree of versatility. So, for example, round musat weighs a little, but oval sharpens better, since its edges provide more complete contact with the surface to be treated. Tetrahedral - more versatile, here you can better refine the required sharpening angle.

Household manual knife sharpeners

A variety of options for sharpening knives allows you to choose the tool that you need. These are the usual home mini-sharpeners, known to almost everyone, and more specific devices with a polishing wheel. Like more professional, household systems, knife sharpeners can use a moving or stationary abrasive. The sharpening angle in this case depends on the position of the cutting tool. Hand tools of this type, despite their simplicity and relative cheapness, are laborious in operation.

Household electric knife sharpeners

Electric grinders are more convenient. Working with them saves time. Most often, such drive machines have various modes of operation, which are controlled by switches.

Inside the sharpener is a grinding disc with an abrasive coating. When electricity is applied, the disk begins to rotate. The grinding wheels are hidden inside the protective cover. Despite the presence of a disk, such machines are quite compact. And the angle of sharpening is regulated by a special spring, which completely eliminates errors in sharpening.

Professional manual knife sharpeners

A professional hand tool is a bit like a carpenter's vise. The subject of sharpening, in fact, the knife, is clamped with special clamps.

Further, the master, by means of a certain movement, begins sharpening, moving along the abrasive plate. The grinding machine itself is installed on the stop. Here it is very important to properly fix the machine and avoid slipping of the device during sharpening.

Such manual grinders allow you to use different abrasives, it is possible to adjust the sharpening angle in a wide range.

Professional electric knife sharpeners

The professional tool provides a large number of nozzles and interchangeable discs. The electrocorundum stone and the finishing leather disc rotate at 90 rpm, with the former placed in a tray of water. The combination of low speed and continuous cooling results in high-quality workpiece processing already at the stage of incisal formation.

Professional machines are distinguished by their versatility. Usually this is a machine with a massive abrasive disc. Such tools allow you to sharpen not only knives, but also metalwork tools, for example, planers and chisels. And at the final stages of work, they provide the blade with razor sharpness.

How to sharpen a knife

However, before starting the blade sharpening process, it is important to understand the sharpening technique. And the basics.

Optimal sharpening angles and sharpness for kitchen knives

There are dozens of types of knives for different purposes: these are kitchen knives, knives for metal work. In general, the sharpness of a blade depends on the shape of the blade. And it, in turn, must correlate with certain clear correspondences between the blade and the blade. Consider the correct sharpening angles for different tools.

Note! Some types of knives can be so sharp that they can cut through metal. Blades with a sharpening angle of 50 ° are considered the sharpest of them - such versions with a certain steel grade can cut nails.

How to sharpen a knife at home with a bar

This process is simple, but rather painstaking. Without sharpening experience, trying this process is pointless. Typically, craftsmen use two whetstones with different abrasive densities - with coarse grain and fine.

Advice! The knife blade must always be wet. You can use special oils or grinding lubricants.

The next step is to choose the angle of sharpening. Here we are guided by the table above and take the range from and to. Remember, the smaller the sharpening angle, the faster the knife will dull. For a beginner, it will be difficult to maintain the same angle. In order to successfully pass this stage, it is important to hold the knife with both hands.

Gently place the blade on the blade, lower its corner to the grinding surface and begin work. We start work on a coarse-grained bar, and then, when the stage of edge grinding comes, we continue with a fine abrasive.

How to sharpen a knife with musat at home

Sharpening passes on weight. The blade is carried out along the entire length of the tool, usually several such “rides” are enough.

The process of sharpening with musat is quite simple. The tool is held in one hand, the knife in the other.

How to sharpen a knife on an electric grinder

The sharpening process is practically the same as manual sharpening. The only difference is that in this case it is not the blade that is wetted, but the grinding disc itself. Most often, a special tray is used to cool the disk. And the whole process is automatic.

Common mistakes when sharpening knives with your own hands

Everyone knows that it is better to prevent mistakes than to correct them later. That is why the editors of the site have prepared a list of the most common mistakes newcomers make when sharpening knives:

1. Incorrectly maintained sharpening angle level.
2. Blade regrinding. Occurs when excessive pressure is applied to the sharpener with a blade, due to which it can be damaged or even cracked.
3. Sharpening an unprepared tool or a worn grinding wheel.
4. The use of musat at all stages of work.
5. As we remember, musat is used to finish the cutting edge. Use of fine grit abrasive.

All these subtleties are important to take into account already at the stage of organizing work. For information on how to sharpen a knife with a bar, see this video.

Do-it-yourself machine for sharpening knives

Buying a ready-made knife sharpening machine is not always necessary. For domestic needs, you can do it yourself. It doesn’t matter if you create a mechanical or electric machine - be guided, as mentioned earlier, by existing diagrams and drawings.

What tools do you need to make a do-it-yourself knife

For the manufacture of the simplest machine, we need: an ordinary chipboard bar, you can use elements of old cabinet furniture. Prepare for work: a metal rod, a small piece of sheet steel 1 mm thick., A few screws for fixing the structure, any abrasive material, a jigsaw and a screwdriver.

Do-it-yourself step-by-step instructions for making a grinder with your own hands

Consider assembling the simplest do-it-yourself knife sharpener from improvised materials.

Illustration	Action Description
	As we can see, the base here is quite simple - a regular chipboard 65 × 25 mm
	Bar for fixing the base. Don't forget to sand it down.
	We mark the places of fastenings.
	We fix the bent pin at a certain angle. Guide angle from 65 to 70°
	We cut out a pressure plate from fiberglass. We mark the places of fastenings for countersunk bolts.
	We fix the plate on the base. Press with a hex wrench.
	From the same material we grind a plate for fixing the guide.
	We press the structure with the help of an ordinary lamb.
	We grind an ordinary steel bar, attach a handle from an old file to it. Length 57 cm.
	From the plumbing clamp we take fasteners-corners for the grindstone. We also use a bunny with a clamping screw for its further fixation.
	Sharpening stones can be made from a regular piece of laminate. We cut it into strips 2.5 cm wide, 20 cm long. Next, paste the sandpaper on double-sided tape and you can work!

So, our grinder is ready to go. We hope that our story will be useful for you. With the help of them you can make the simplest sharpening knives.

Do-it-yourself knife sharpener is very useful in the household.

With the help of fairly simple ones, you can accurately and safely sharpen cutting tools, which is simply necessary in the kitchen, fishermen and hunters, in the workshop.

Of course, a wide range of sharpeners are offered in stores, but homemade devices will save you extra costs.

A dull knife is a torment for the hostess when she cuts bread, cooks food, butchers meat. Cutting them is not only difficult, but also dangerous, because. exactly blunt instruments are more likely to cause injury. It makes no sense to prove the need for a sharp blade for a fisherman, hunter, shoemaker, etc. Everyone is absolutely clear that the knife requires periodic sharpening. Another thing is how to provide it.

Many people use tools such as abrasive stones, emery wheels and sandpaper, files. Most often, for these purposes, abrasive or grinding bars are purchased, and the procedure itself is carried out “by eye”. After such sharpening, the knife becomes sharp, but also dulls quickly enough.

Why is this happening? The blade of the knife is made of various steels, has different thicknesses and sharpening parameters. The process of high-quality sharpening should completely restore the shape of the blade, and only in this case its sharpness will meet the planned standards.

It is very difficult even for professionals to ensure uniform sharpening without fixing the position and guide elements. The task is much easier when using special devices that allow you to stabilize the processing mode (loads, directions, speed).

For mechanization of rather laborious work, it is better to use appropriate grinding machines. Both fixtures and machines can be made by hand.

Basic sharpening principles

When carrying out the correct sharpening of the knife, the main condition must be met - forming a sharp edge of the blade while maintaining its shape, which is ensured by the removal of metal at a certain angle.

Turning is carried out with abrasive material, which has a different grain size. Its choice is determined by the strength characteristics of steel. Proper sharpening implies a certain order of work.

Sharpening angle

The effectiveness and quality of the event under consideration is limited by the fundamental parameter - the angle of sharpening. Depending on the purpose, the knives have the following meanings:

• dangerous razors have the smallest angle - (7-11) °;
• knives for fillet cutting - (11-14) °;
• kitchen knives for most products, incl. bread, vegetables, meat, etc. – (16-21)°;
• hunting tools and knives for general technical purposes - (21-26) °;
• universal hunting knives - (21-40) °;
• a special tool that is used for cutting and chopping (for example, a machete) - (29-50) °.

The angle of sharpening largely determines the thickness of the blade. At the smallest angles, it should resemble a razor, and at large angles, it becomes possible to manufacture extra-strong, massive knives.

Important. Holding the abrasive element and the knife itself in your hands, it is very difficult to provide a given angle along the entire length of the blade, which leads to uneven manual sharpening.

The main purpose of the device is hard fixation one of the elements and a clear direction of movement of the second element.

Types and choice of abrasive

Required for knife sharpening abrasive stone, which will provide the necessary cutting of the metal. The abrasive ability is provided by a certain value of the surface graininess, i.e. the number of abrasive grains per unit area. According to this parameter, the following stones are distinguished:

• very coarse abrasives (international classification - extra coarse) - have a grain size of less than 260;
• coarse (coarse) abrasives - 310-360;
• medium (medium) abrasives - 390-510;
• fine (fine) abrasives - 590-720. This is the main category of whetstones used for sharpening knives;
• very fine (ultra, extra fine) or grinding abrasives. They are used for sharpening razors and fine surface finishing of knife blades.

According to the nature of origin, abrasive stones are divided into natural or natural(corundum, shale) and artificial (ceramics, artificial diamond). In addition, rubber elements are sometimes used for fine workmanship. When using abrasives, their surface moistened with water or soapy water solution(water tool), as well as oil painting(oil stones).

The shape of abrasives can be round (discs) or rectangular (bars). The most commonly used bars, and they are selected so that length significantly exceeded the length of the knife blade.

For complete sharpening of the tool, it is recommended to have 2 bars of medium and fine grit. The set is best supplemented with a very small stone. The best option is the use of double-sided bars, in which one side has a medium grain size, and the opposite side has a fine grain size.

Manual sharpening procedure

Any devices are designed to facilitate work and improve its quality, and the general procedure for manual sharpening remains the same:

1. The process begins with a coarse or medium-grained bar, which is laid on a plane. It is desirable to ensure its fixation.
2. The knife blade is brought to the abrasive surface at an angle equal to half the sharpening angle. The main task is to ensure the constancy of the angle throughout the event.
3. With a smooth movement with light pressure, the blade moves from the beginning to the end of the bar in the direction “away from you”. The edge of the bar must always be perpendicular to the direction of movement of the blade. It is impossible to allow the blade to break off at the end of the stone.
4. After reaching the edge of the bar, the movement is carried out in the opposite direction, while the sharp edge must always be on the surface of the abrasive. Direction change is provided by turning the handle.
5. The process is repeated until a burr appears along the entire length on the back of the blade tip. It should move to the opposite side when changing direction.
6. Next, a bar of medium grain is taken, but with smaller grains. Sharpening continues, but the movements are carried out at first only “away from you” until the shine of the metal appears on one side, and then the second side is also processed.
7. A fine-grained bar is taken and the blade is processed until a mirror surface appears.
8. If a small burr remains, then sharpening is completed using a grinding stone with a very fine grit. Some experienced people prefer to use instead of such a bar leather belt. It perfectly polishes the blade of the knife.

Homemade devices

Home craftsmen make sharpening tools of various designs, but they all include 2 main elements - abrasive block and knife attachment mechanism. A ready-made abrasive block is best suited for adaptation, but you can also make it yourself.

To do this, sandpaper of different grain sizes is glued onto glass with a thickness of at least 4 mm. The connection can be secured with double-sided tape.

fixed fixture

One of the simplest devices is made from 2 triangular wooden blocks. They are fastened together with thumbscrews. An abrasive bar is clamped between the wooden elements at the right angle. This angle is set strictly according to the protractor.

When turning a knife on such a device, the blade must be constantly held strictly vertical. Naturally, it is much easier to provide such a direction than to constantly direct the knife at an angle.

Movable structure

To improve the quality of sharpening, it is necessary to fix not only the abrasive, but also the knife. Such a device can also be made by hand. It is assembled on a flat, horizontal, massive surface. The device consists of 2 parts - rigidly fixed abrasive block at the right angle(similar to a fixed structure) and carts on wheels(rollers) with a horizontally fixed knife.

The trolley moves manually along the guide rail. hand provided and slight blade pressure to the abrasive surface. This ensures the correct sharpening angle and eliminates the need to provide the desired direction manually.

Change of direction can be done in different ways. The easiest is to make a cart with wheels at the top and bottom. At the end of the bar, the trolley simply turns over.

Point machine

Sharpening machines have a more complex design that allows you to change the angle of sharpening. There are several design options available:

1. A knife is fixed on the platform with the possibility of regulation. It is set to the required angle and fixed permanently. The abrasive bar is mounted on a movable bar mounted on a vertical support. It moves strictly horizontally. Sharpening is provided by moving the abrasive relative to the knife blade.
2. It is fixed on a fixed frame, but the bar can be moved along the guide to set the desired sharpening angle. The knife is installed in a movable table, and is fixed with a magnetic holder, which makes it possible to turn it over.

DIY example

As an example, we can cite the technology of self-manufacturing of a grinding tool - an analogue Lansky sharpeners. It has a standard design.

A knife is fixed on a horizontal base, and its fastening provides magnet. The emery element is located on the rod, along which it can move perpendicular to the knife. The guide rod is installed in the holes of the upright.

These holes are drilled at an angle to the surface of the rack and thus set a certain angle to the rod. Several holes are drilled vertically in the rack and by rearranging the guide, you can still change the sharpening angle.

Manufacturing adaptations are carried out in the following order:

1. On the base plate (, board, metal sheet) with the edge rails are installed limiting the displacement of the knife in the transverse direction. One of them is fastened in the slots on the screws with a “lamb” for fixing knives with different blade widths. In the center of the knife location area is fixed magnet.
2. The emery bar is fixed on two segments of the corner, which are fastened with studs. Holes are drilled on both sides of this part for installation on a rod.
3. Steel rod with a diameter of 10-15 mm is passed through the indicated holes, and a limiter to prevent the fall of the bar. cut at the other end thread.
4. On an aluminum U-profile 30-50 mm wide, 5-6 holes are drilled with a diameter 1-2 mm larger than the diameter of the rod. Holes are drilled at an angle corresponding to the sharpening angles, taking into account the height of the location on the rack.
5. The rod is set in the right hole and fixed bolts.

This device works in the following way:

• the knife is fixed on the base and attracted by a magnet;
• a bar of the desired grain size is installed on the grinding element;
• the rod is fixed in the desired hole on the rack;
• with a hand, the bar moves along the rod, processing the blade, and the movement is carried out “away from itself” and “towards itself”;
• with the other hand, the knife gradually moves in the longitudinal direction.

See the detailed drawings, descriptions and illustrations of the knife sharpener with and without a magnetic holder in the video below:

Sharpener for scissors

With the help of tools for knives, you can also sharpen scissors, but such an event has its own specifics. The sharpening angle is within (60-74)°. Tailor's scissors usually have an angle of (72-74)°. The cutting part at the point of contact of both parts is flat, and the bevel is performed on one side. Basic sharpening carried out from the outside, beveled side. The inner surface is only polished with a small bar.

The process is carried out in this order:

1. Disassembly of scissors. To do this, unscrew the screw that holds the halves together and carefully separate them. A "minus" screwdriver is used.
2. With the help of a large abrasive sharpening at the right angle. Movements are made only in one direction - "toward yourself." Half of the scissors is held by the ring, and turning starts from the tip of the blade.
3. Using small bar, carried out fine-tuning.

Some scissors cannot be disassembled. They can also be sharpened, for which they open up as much as possible. The halves are sharpened one by one.

How to check sharpness?

To check the quality of sharpening knives, there are several folk ways:

1. Paper. A sheet of paper is taken (for example, for a printer) and a strip is cut off at the edge. If the knife is well soaked, then the strip is easily cut off and has smooth edges. A dull knife crumples the edge and cuts unevenly, with tatters.
2. Tomato. A sharp knife cuts a tomato in half evenly, and a dull one crushes it.
3. Hair on the arm. A sharp blade works like a razor and cuts hairs, while a dull tool only crushes them.
4. Sharpness can be checked finger while maintaining caution. The presence of burrs indicates poor quality processing. Absolutely smooth edges speak of quality work.

Knives tend to become dull, making them difficult to use. Sharpening devices and machines will help solve the problem by ensuring that the blade is sharpened correctly, restoring the set angle. There are many designs of simple knife sharpeners, and the owner himself must decide which one to choose.

A convenient sharpening machine will be useful to every man in the house. After all, the owner is often judged by how sharp this kitchen tool is.

There are many techniques for sharpening knife blades. For example, for a process carried out at home, only a turning bar or ready-made fixtures with an angular gap shape will be sufficient.

To adjust expensive hunting knives, European manufacturers produce devices in the form of solid bars, which are based on a high-strength alloy.

This article will describe the manufacture of a machine for sharpening knives with your own hands.

Why do knives get dull?

What is the reason why a knife becomes dull when cutting? This can be explained by the fact that abrasive particles that are present in the material being cut have a negative effect on the cutting edge. For example, they are present on vegetables, paper. In simple terms, the blade is subject to gradual wear.

The next reason is the inability to keep the blade in the right position all the time. Any trembling of the hand causes the knife to tilt, which entails a lateral load.

sharpening technique

The sharpening technique consists in unified, but at the same time quite laborious methods. The main task is to eliminate damage to the blade. It should be noted that for many, such a procedure as sharpening knives provides a good mood and calm.

The basic rule in this process is to maintain a precisely set constant angle. Strength is not required here. The main thing is that the bar and the blade meet at a certain angle. This is the basic rule of sharpening technique.

What needs to be done to maintain a constant angle?

In order for the angle to have a constant index, there are two ways. The first is to acquire the skill of sharpening. The angle indicator can be controlled using a conventional marker. They should paint over the carts and after several sharpening cycles, see how much the paint has survived. If it is worn unevenly, then the blade is not well processed.

If the knife being sharpened is decorative, then the blade should be sealed with adhesive tape so that only the edge for cutting remains open. Even if you unsuccessfully direct your hand, there will be no scratches on the blade.

It is also important that the direction of the blade along the bar is perpendicular to the edge at the points of contact. In fact, this is quite difficult to do. It is acceptable for the angle between the edge and the blade to be less than 90 degrees. But when directed along the cutting edge, this indicator is not suitable.

The abrasive particles of the bar can leave grooves on the blade that will never be sharpened, but will play a positive role when cutting. If the grooves are oriented along the cutting edge, then they will not be useful when cutting. The worst thing is that the cutting edge can break off altogether.

It is important that the bar is long. It should be one and a half or two blade lengths. It is acceptable that the diamond bar be somewhat shorter, as it grinds faster and better. Its width does not play a significant role. If it is wider, then it is more convenient to work on it and there is less chance of leading the blade beyond the device. This can damage its side surface or the blade.

Homemade knife sharpeners come in a variety of designs. All that is required from the manufacturer is the availability of the necessary material and skills in working with tools.

The principle of operation of such a device as a manual machine for sharpening knives with your own hands is to hold the knife blade in a vertical position and drive it along a bar fixed at the right angle. This is much easier than placing the sharpener horizontally and holding the knife at just the right angle.

In order to make a do-it-yourself knife sharpening machine, you need a piece of laminate, a wooden rail, sandpaper and a pair of lamb bots. Chipboard or plywood can serve as a replacement for laminate

To make a knife holder, you need to cut off part of the material. So that the bar does not touch the holder when sharpening, it is necessary to clean its edge at an angle with emery.

It is necessary to mark and cut off the top of the vertical rack, which will serve as a support for the bar. The angle is chosen two times less than the one with which the knife will be sharpened. For kitchen knives, it is recommended to take an angle of 10-15 degrees.

A do-it-yourself knife sharpening machine, the drawings of which are obviously drawn up, involves the correct calculation of the length of the base of the racks. Please note that the subsequent installation of the transverse support will affect the height indicator. After that, all the details are cut off, and the edges are cleaned.

Holes are marked and drilled in the base and plate for pressing the bolts that fix the blade. When marking, the distance of the holes from the edge of the base is maintained. This is necessary for the versatility of the fixture, since all knives have their own width. The pressure plate is fixed with bolts.

Vertical posts are attached with screws. The moment that the load on the bottom is small is also taken into account. In this case, it is better to resort to using thermal glue. The horizontal bar is attached in exactly the same way. The grinder is almost ready. It remains to make a bar.

For its manufacture, a rail of the desired length is cut. Sandpaper with the desired size of abrasive is glued to one edge. To optimize the result, you can resort to the manufacture of several bars with different grain sizes. The range P600 - P2000 is considered the best. In order to protect your hands from cuts, you need to screw the handle on the top side of the rail.

The result is a homemade machine for sharpening knives with your own hands, characterized by high functionality and practicality. During operation, the device rests against the edge of the table, which is quite comfortable when using it.

A do-it-yourself knife sharpening machine can also be of a different type. In this case, it is based on the M8 threaded rod. Two large washers and nuts were used, which serve to hold a bar 200 mm long.

Closes the thread. A pair of paper clips hold the rail stand at the correct height. This ensures smooth adjustment of the sharpening angle. The base is a beam, the thickness of which is 40 mm. It is supported by hand.

How to sharpen planer knives with your own hands

Every owner who has a planer or jointer has probably faced the problem of sharpening their knives. Buying new ones from time to time is expensive. Knives can be easily sharpened by hand. In this case, specialized machines are used, or if it is used constantly, then it would be better to make a machine for sharpening knives with your own hands.

Do-it-yourself planer knife sharpening machine

To sharpen the planer knife, special sharpening equipment is used. The machine for sharpening knives with your own hands has a compact size. It can be installed in the garage or on the plot.

Many are interested in how to make a machine for sharpening knives with their own hands. To make a device, you need to find certain parts. Perhaps these parts are lying around in your shed or garage. They can also be purchased online.

The machine for sharpening planer knives with your own hands consists of:

• faceplates;
• table;
• engine;
• vacuum cleaner;
• casing.

First of all, you should find a faceplate. This is the most important component of future equipment. It is she who is responsible for the sharpening process. Jointer knives are narrow, and the faceplate serves as a guarantor of complete and safe sharpening. This part will have to be bought new, but the rest can be used old.

It is better to purchase faceplates of German or American production. The average cost of a part is 25,000 rubles.

The next step is to find the engine, the power of which should be 1-1.5 kW. It is not necessary to buy it. Anyone will do, even from an old washing machine. But everyone will surely have a table, a casing and a vacuum cleaner.

The main steps in the manufacture of the device

When the table is selected, the engine is fixed directly below it. A faceplate is attached to the moving part. The engine must initially be equipped with a button that turns the unit on and off. It should be comfortable.

For reliable protection, the faceplate is covered with a square-shaped casing with one cut corner. It is this area that needs to be sharpened.

On the bottom surface of the table in the area of ​​sharpening, a hole is made of the same diameter as that of a vacuum cleaner hose. The presence of a vacuum cleaner is not essential, but it is desirable to install it. It removes unnecessary dirt from blade processing.

What do you need to know?

Mounting the motor under the faceplate base is optional. You can make sure that the parts are connected by means of a belt. In this case, the design will be complex.

A do-it-yourself jointer knife sharpening machine is also suitable for saws and axes.

Ice screw sharpening

The sharp knives of the ice drill enable the fisherman to quickly make holes in the ice of reservoirs. However, over time, all cutting tools become dull and require sharpening.

For fishermen, a quality ice drill is a great pride. Often, true competitions are held on water bodies in terms of the speed of drilling ice holes. And victory does not always smile at young and strong fishermen who are armed with imported devices. There are cases when seasoned fishermen equipped with simple Soviet-made tools are the winners in the competition. The reason for the high hole drilling speed lies in the good sharpening of the knives and the correct setting of the device. Beginner anglers, having bought new Swedish devices, do not even have time to blink an eye as their knives become blunt. The smallest grains of sand and pebbles in the ice contribute to the formation of chips and gouges on the blade.

Sharpening devices is carried out in a variety of ways. Many of our ancestors did not even know what a professional was. In most cases, sharpening was carried out using hand-made devices.

Homemade ice drill machine: what is needed to make it?

For the manufacture of such a device as a knife sharpening machine, you will need two strips of steel, the thickness of which is 4 mm, the width is 60 mm, and the length is 200 mm. A spring from a car is often used as a strip. But she is very hard to bend.

Working process

First you need to make the body of the device. The steel strips are bent in such a way that the chamfers of the knives pressed against the ends of the arc are not only parallel, but also in the same plane.

After making the arc from the same steel strip, the pressure plate is bent, which serves as a lock for the sharpened knives.

Holes for M12 or M14 bolts are drilled in the body and pressure plate. Having pulled the body and pressure plate together with a bolt and nut, we clamp the knives between them and check the strength of their fit to the surface of the end face of the emery circle.

If the knives are not located at the required angle (the chamfers do not fit exactly to the circle), then the device is modified by bending the body arc to the appropriate level. If the knives stand correctly, then the structure is disassembled, and stiffeners are welded to the arc of the body on both sides.

Sharpening of knives is carried out better on which rotates horizontally. In this case, when wetting the knives with water, the latter remains on the blade and stone longer, ensuring their safety. Dip your knives in the water more often. This will help prevent overheating of the steel.

Minus the device

The disadvantages of the device include the impossibility of sharpening knives with different angles of the cutting chamfer. But each manufacturer of ice drills offers its own models. In this case, a universal device will do.

Making a universal fixture for sharpening an ice drill

The universal design allows sharpening knives at any angle of the cutting edge. By smoothly changing the angle between the shoulders of the unit, on which the knives are fastened with screws, it is possible to fix the desired position of the knives in relation to the plane of the grindstone.

To manufacture this device, you need to find a door canopy with minimal play, as well as an M8 or M10 screw with its own nut. Holes are drilled in the shoulders of the canopy. Their diameter is 6-7 mm (for attaching knives to them with screws).

From a steel strip, the thickness of which is 3 mm, a fixing plate with a slot for the fixing screw is made. The plate and screw are welded to the shoulders of the canopy.

It happens that sharpening of knives is carried out, the location of the holes of which does not correspond to the holes in the canopy. In this case, additional holes are drilled in the shoulders for non-standard knives. In this case, the device has more versatility.

How are planer knives sharpened?

Devices such as planers and thicknessers can often be seen in country houses. By means of them, raw lumber is brought to the desired state. Knives of these devices, like any others, become dull. If you use them often, then the best way out is to sharpen the knives for the planer with your own hands. For the manufacture of grinding equipment at home, various materials will be required: metal, aluminum or wood.

The knife holder can be made from a wooden block. Having made cuts at 45 degrees with a circular saw, you can sharpen knives with a belt grinder or with a large bar. If the latter is not present, then sandpaper is attached to a smooth surface made of metal, wood, chipboard or glass.

Knife holders can be made from improvised materials. The best solution would be to use metal corners that have an indicator of 90 degrees. When placing two knives on the sides, the sharpening angle of each will be equal to 45 degrees. Using screws, you can fix the knives with a second corner.

Every housewife sooner or later begins to dull the knives with which she cuts bread, vegetables or butchers meat. Using a dull knife is not only inconvenient, but also unsafe. At any time, it can break off the cut product and cause injury. Therefore, periodically the tool should be sharpened, using a special device for sharpening knives.

Such sharpeners in a wide range are available in stores. But for one reason or another, they do not always suit the consumer. In this case, you can make a device for sharpening knives with your own hands, having previously studied the types of stones for sharpening, the features of the tool and the proposed drawings.

Sharpening knives - prerequisites

For effective and long-term operation of the knife, the most important factor when sharpening it is blade angle. In the process of sharpening, it is necessary to restore the previously set angle, which will fully comply with technological standards and quickly, freely and efficiently cut the material.

For each blade, its optimal angle is selected:

• for a razor and a scalpel, the sharpening angle should be 10-15 degrees;
• knives for cutting bread, fruits and vegetables are sharpened at an angle of 15-20 degrees;
• multifunctional knives for various products are processed at an angle of 20–25 degrees;
• hunting and hiking knives - at an angle of 25-30 degrees;
• knives for cutting hard materials - at 30-40 degrees.

Without a special device, it is difficult to sharpen the blade at the right angle. Holding the knife with your hands, it is quite difficult to provide required angle of inclination cutting tool. To facilitate this process, there are special devices that you can make with your own hands. Their designs are quite simple, and the production itself will take not so much time.

There are many types of sharpeners for knives, among which you can choose the one that best suits your needs.

All devices consist of two parts:

• a bar of abrasive material;
• stop for attaching a knife.

As a bar, you can use ready-made special stones or make it yourself.

Sharpening stones - types and manufacture

On sale you can find several types of stones:

Aquatic instruments. When working with them, water is used, which saves the surface of the stone.

Oil the stone resembles water in structure and shape, but its surface is the most oily.

Natural tools are made from natural stones that undergo industrial processing.

artificial stones are made from non-natural components.

Rubber tools can also be found on sale, but working on them is not very convenient.

For self-production of an abrasive bar, you can use small rectangular glass plates and a thickness of 4-5 millimeters. On the surface of the plates with the help of double-sided tape, you need to stick sandpaper of different grain sizes. The cost of such bars will turn out to be quite small, and sandpaper can be replaced at any time.

However, when using a glass bar, you should be very carefully tighten the nuts otherwise the glass may crack. In addition, no water is used in its application, so the abrasive wears out quickly. For the same reason, when sharpening knives, fast movements should be avoided, which can lead to overheating of the material, and, therefore, to loss of blade properties.

Tool for sharpening wood blocks

It is enough just to make a sharpening tool from two wooden and two abrasive bars, which should be the same size.

For greater stability of the sharpener to its lower surface, it is recommended attach a piece of rubber.

Do-it-yourself sharpener from mounting brackets

The Lansky sharpener is taken as the basis for such a device, the drawings of which can be easily found on the Internet.

• metal plates measuring 4x11 centimeters;
• standard aluminum corners;
• metal rods about 15 centimeters long;
• a set of nuts and bolts;
• grinder with a vise or file;
• file.

Instead of a grinder, you can use a file, since this tool is only needed for grinding sharp corners from the corners and cleaning the places where the metal is cut.

Steps for making a sharpener:

1. According to the drawing, markings are made for future holes in the plates.
2. Holes are drilled and threaded into them.
3. With the help of a file, all sharp corners and edges are rounded. This will allow you to comfortably use the made knife.
4. Holes are made in the corner in accordance with the drawing.
5. The hole for the spoke support is expanded with a needle file.
6. The holes for the studs are threaded.
7. The rods are inserted into the extreme holes and fixed with nuts of the appropriate diameter (M6).
8. An M8 bolt is screwed into a wider hole, the length of which should be about 14 centimeters. A wing nut must first be screwed onto it, on top of which two ordinary nuts are screwed. The bolt in the structure will be used as a support post.
9. Bolts are attached to the remaining holes, with which the knife will be clamped.
10. Nuts are screwed onto the ends of the rods, a corner is strung, which is fixed with nuts. By lowering or raising the rods, it will be possible to adjust the sharpening angle.
11. From a thin metal rod in the form of the letter G, a rod with an M6 thread, two holders and a lamb nut, a device is assembled that will hold the stone for sharpening. The end holder should be with a through hole for the knitting needle.

Such a device for sharpening knives has a fairly wide range of degrees of pressure angle and is most convenient to use.

Massive sharpener with stand

With your own hands, you can simulate a knife sharpener from Apex, the drawings of which are easy to find on the Internet. Such a knife holder is presented in the form of a stand, on which a platform is installed at an angle, and a support for the end of the nozzle in the form of a rod is placed on the side. This is a very convenient device with which you can sharpen any cutting tools with high quality.

Required materials and tools:

Stages of work:

The angle of sharpening on such a device adjustable with bar and lamb, which fixes the part at the desired height.

Each of the described devices has its own advantages and disadvantages. Choosing a suitable option, you need to proceed from your needs and skills in such work that you will need to do with your own hands.

Every housewife at least once in her life faced with the fact that her knives were blunt in the kitchen, with which she usually cuts bread, butchers meat or cuts vegetables. Using such knives is not only inconvenient, but also dangerous, because the blade can break off the product and injure you. Therefore, it is necessary to periodically undermine the tool with the help of special devices. In stores, such devices are presented in a huge assortment, but for certain reasons they do not suit consumers. In such a situation, a do-it-yourself knife sharpener can be made. It is, in principle, not difficult to find drawings and diagrams for work, and we will provide detailed master classes in this article.

What conditions must be observed when sharpening knives?

Do you know how to sharpen knives properly? In fact, there are a number of rules, following which you can achieve the perfect result.

The necessary conditions look like this:

• For long and efficient operation of knives when sharpening, it is necessary to pay maximum attention to the angle between the edges of the blade. During sharpening, it is imperative to restore the initially set angle so that it meets technological standards, allows you to cut products quickly, efficiently, freely.
• It is necessary to choose the optimal angle for each blade. So, for example, a scalpel or razor should have an angle of 10-15 degrees, devices for cutting fruits, bread and vegetables - 15-20 degrees. Knives for working with hard materials need to be sharpened at an angle of 30-40 degrees.
• It is quite difficult to sharpen the blade without a special device. Holding the knife only with your hands, it is difficult to provide the desired angle of inclination. So it is precisely to facilitate this process that there are sharpeners.

In fact, a do-it-yourself knife is made as easy as shelling pears, because all such devices have a simple design and it will not take you a lot of time to create them.

Varieties and manufacture of stones for sharpening

There are a large number of stones for turning knives on the market, but the most popular of them are the following types:

• Water tools. Working with them necessarily involves the use of water, thereby saving the surface of the stones.
• Oil stone. It is very similar in shape and structure to water, the only difference is that its surface is a little oily.
• Natural stones. They are made from natural materials, previously undergoing industrial processing.
• artificial tools. They are made from non-natural ingredients.
• rubber devices. They are no less common on sale, but working with them is extremely inconvenient.

Before you make a knife sharpener in the form of an abrasive bar, you need to purchase several rectangular glass plates 4-5 mm thick.

Then make the sharpener according to the scheme:

1. Using double-sided tape, stick sandpaper of different grits on the surface of the plates.
2. Tighten the nuts carefully so that the glass does not crack.

Important! During the operation of such a device, water is not used, which is why the abrasive wears out quickly enough.

When sharpening knives with an abrasive bar, too sharp movements should be avoided, otherwise it will overheat and the blade will lose its useful properties.

Products for sharpening knives made of wooden blocks

Making a sharpener from two abrasive and two wooden blocks is quite simple, the main thing is that the raw materials are the same size.

You will need to do the following:

• Carefully sand the wooden blocks with sandpaper, remove all burrs.
• Pre-mark the bars, taking into account the required angle of inclination.
• Attach a stone to the resulting line, mark its width on both sides of the wooden block.
• Make cuts according to the markings on the wooden workpiece.

Important! Make sure that their depth does not exceed 1.5 cm.

• Insert the abrasive sticks into the recesses obtained so that they coincide with the grooves.
• Fasten the grindstones with bolts, attach a piece of rubber from below.

Do-it-yourself knife from mounting corners

Take advantage of this master class so that you get a high-quality do-it-yourself knife sharpener. Drawings can be taken on the Internet.

Tools and materials needed for work:

• Metal plates 4 by 11 cm.
• Aluminum corners standard size.
• Metal rods 15 cm long.
• Grinding machine with vise.
• Needle file.
• A set of bolts and nuts.
• File.

Make a sharpener according to these instructions:

1. Make markings according to the drawing for the holes in the plates.
2. Drill holes, cut threads.
3. Round sharp edges and corners with a file.
4. Make holes in the corner according to the diagram.
5. Expand the needle support with a needle file.
6. Cut the threads in the holes for the studs.
7. Insert the rods into the extreme holes, fix them with nuts.
8. Screw the bolt into the widest hole with the nut pre-threaded onto it.
9. Insert bolts for clamping the knife into the remaining holes.
10. Screw the nuts onto the ends of the rods, lay the corner on top to fix the nuts.
11. Assemble a device to hold the sharpening stone from a thin metal rod, a wing nut and two holders.

Important! Such a sharpener can have the widest range of pressure angle degrees, it is incredibly convenient in terms of operation.

Making an electric knife sharpener at home

Do-it-yourself electric knife sharpener is made a little more complicated, because the device itself has a complex design.

Prepare the following materials and devices:

• Vacuum cleaner.
• Plan washer.
• Electrical engine.
• Stanin.
• Fencing.

Do the work, strictly following the scheme.