Installation of stairs in the bath to the second floor. Stairs in the bath: options, manufacturing, installation Stairs in the bath are small to the second floor

When arranging the territory of a country house, many prefer the construction of a bath. The porch is an important structural element of it.

It protects the front part of the building from atmospheric precipitation, and serves as an adornment of the architectural ensemble. The construction of the structure is most often performed from wood or concrete. How to properly attach a porch for a bath, the article will tell.

Finished construction

The use of a log

A bathhouse is a building, most often made of wood, so the porch for it is built of wood, as in the photo. However, the combination of different materials during construction allows you to make the structure quite beautiful and at the same time practical.

What can you make a porch in the bath with your own hands, can be seen from the table:

Construction material	Peculiarities
	It is made of logs, bars or boards, and then attached to the bath. The ideal option is to supplement it with a veranda, which gives the structure a more presentable look, and additionally increases the area for placing furniture or flowers on it.
	The design is very strong and durable, goes well with a bath, lined with foam blocks. A wooden bath does not look very attractive, so it is better to make concrete steps and beat them with wood railings.
	The side parts of the stairs, decorated with bricks, have a very beautiful view, on which logs sawn along, acting as steps, are placed.
	A welded metal structure is perfect for any building, when finishing steps and railings with the right material. But the price of the metal is quite high, besides, the material requires protection against corrosion.
polycarbonate	Polycarbonate is a unique material that combines qualities such as strength, transparency and flexibility.

Project development

construction

To develop a project, you need:

• Make binding of the frame, its load-bearing elements to the facade wall of the building;
• Choose a way to support the ground;
• Determine the type and size of the foundation;
• Choose the height, dimensions of the platform located in front of the front door;
• Calculate the width of the flight of stairs, its slope, the height of the steps;
• Determine the method of finishing the structure, the type and shape of the canopy.

Tip: Before constructing a structure, it is necessary to determine how its space will be used, and what needs to be provided for this in the project.

The project of a bathhouse with a porch, before making a final decision, is reviewed several times and improved.

Calculation of dimensions and number of steps

To attach such a structure, it is necessary to choose materials for its manufacture, and correctly calculate the dimensions of the future structure in order to ensure its convenience and safety during operation.

To calculate the optimal dimensions, you must have the following data:

• overall height. This is the distance from ground level to the bottom of the front door.
• The size in the horizontal plane from the two extreme steps, without the depth of the platform in front of the entrance.
• The width of the platform should be slightly larger than the width of the front door.

Steps consist of a horizontal part called a tread and a vertical element called a riser.

A ladder for walking is considered convenient when:

• The sum of the height of the riser and the depth of the tread is 45 cm;
• Tread depth from 20 to 37.5 cm;
• Riser height from 12.5 to 20 cm.

General form

construction

A clear leader among the materials for the construction of the porch is wood, which is in harmony with the chopped bath.

To make a design, you must purchase:

• planed boards;
• timber;
• Lacquer for wood processing;
• Ondulin or metal tile, for the manufacture of the roof of the canopy;
• Concrete M200.

Tip: It should be borne in mind that wooden parts must be processed so that they do not lose their original appearance, and then completely become unusable. To do this, at least after five years, the porch of the bath must be painted with special varnishes for wood.

Installation procedure when completing construction separately to an existing building:

• An exact design plan is drawn, the required number of steps is calculated and their dimensions are determined;
• Under the porch, a concrete base is made, in size, up to 1 meter deep, to prevent the object from subsidence;
• Waterproofing is laid on the foundation;
• Four support pillars are placed for the upper part of the structure;
• Fall asleep with rubble, earth;
• The bottom of the logs is pre-treated with bitumen to protect the tree from rotting;
• A frame for the upper platform is assembled, and mounted on support posts, attached to the bath with anchors;
• A ladder is assembled from boards and timber. For convenience, the dimensions of the steps should have the following dimensions: width - 280 - 300 mm; height - 170 mm;
• The staircase connects to the upper platform;
• On the anchors, through the metal corners, a visor is attached at the top.

Design decor

To decorate the finished structure, you can use different methods:

• To upholster with carved, beautiful boards the gap between the steps and the railing;
• Make wooden curly supports for the visor;
• Install various intricate figures at the entrance to the bath;
• Make various balusters.

To better imagine how to make a wooden porch for a bathhouse with your own hands, you should get acquainted with the video in this article.

Manufacturing of concrete structures

Monolithic concrete is characterized by high strength. Such a 6 by 6 bath will serve for decades. The material for the bath itself, it is best to use foam blocks and / or bricks.

For construction, you must purchase:

• Concrete mix M200;
• Wooden formwork from the board;
• fittings;
• crushed stone;
• Sand;
• Film for waterproofing, roofing felt;
• Beam for railings.

Instruction:

• Garbage is removed;
• A pit is dug 600 mm deep;
• Crushed stone is poured at the bottom of the pit with a layer thickness of up to 20 cm;
• Sand is poured from above, 10 cm thick;
• Everything is carefully packed;
• Water is poured to ensure a high-quality sediment of the material;
• Roofing material is laid on top;
• To increase the structural strength of the reinforcement, the porch frame is welded and installed in place;
• The first layer of cement mortar is poured into the pit, evenly distributing it, tamping the voids and checking the horizontal level of the surface with a level so that it is perfectly flat;
• The bottom layer should dry for several days;
• Formwork is being made for the manufacture of steps from boards. To obtain a beautiful pattern, and so that the concrete does not stick strongly to the tree, a textured fabric with a pattern is used;
• To protect the frame from deformation, when the concrete mixture hardens, you need to put wooden spacers;
• Concrete is poured into the frame layer by layer;
• After the concrete dries, it is rubbed. A beautiful, smooth surface is better than any rough one;
• After completion of work, the formwork cannot be removed immediately, it must stand like this for at least seven days.

Finishing

In order for the steps to retain their beautiful appearance for a long time, they need to be finished with clinker tiles, which have an anti-slip layer, or with stone. This finish will give the steps a finished look and decorate them. If there are no more than three steps, the railing can be omitted. The roof for the porch is made the same as in the bath, so that the building looks like one whole building.

How to build a porch to the bath with your own hands, everyone decides for himself. But during the construction, you need to be extremely careful, diligent, so that the appearance of the bath does not deteriorate from erroneous calculations, inept actions.

The attic room of the bath is often used as a utility room for storing brooms or a rest room. To access the second floor, a compact wooden staircase is usually constructed. You can build it on bowstrings or stringers with your own hands.

Content:

To climb to the second floor or attic in the bath, they install a production (collapsible) staircase or build a structure with their own hands. In the latter case, it is necessary not only to build it correctly, but also to correctly calculate the angle of inclination, dimensions, type of steps. The ladder for the bath should be compact, comfortable and safe. Calculate its location so that the exit to the second floor is near the wall. So you can significantly save space and expand the useful area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe dressing room.

Types of wooden stairs for a bath

Often, to enter a room or on a porch, a small structure is built on several steps. It is optimal to build it according to the calculations recommended by GOST:

• tilt angle - less than 45 degrees;
• step length - 80-100 cm;
• lifting step - from 17 cm;
• width - from 30 cm.

For the construction of the entrance stairs to the bath, pine or larch is considered the best option. At the same time, they must be treated with antifungal impregnation. Such structures are installed on a columnar or pile foundation.

The staircase in the bathhouse to the second floor can be made in various modifications:

1. Direct single-march. The simplest option, however, requires a large installation space.
2. U-shaped. For its construction, it is necessary to design mines in advance in the room.
3. L-shaped. They can be designed along one or two walls.
4. screw. Designed at an angle from 270 to 360 degrees. It must be installed counterclockwise, since most people start lifting with their right foot.
5. Samba or goose step. Compact, but rather inconvenient.

Before you start building a bath with your own hands, you need to decide on the materials of manufacture. For bath structures most often used:

• stainless steel. The metal ladder is not deformed and does not corrode. At the same time, it is easy to install and economical.
• Granite or artificial stone based on concrete. Model for Turkish baths.
• Wood. Traditional material for Russian baths.

We will focus on the construction of a wooden staircase.

IMPORTANT: wooden components for stairs must be moisture resistant. They must be treated with impregnation to protect against fungus, decay and insects.

For a sauna staircase made of wood, it is best suited: teak (about 500 rubles per step), larch (from 12 thousand rubles per cubic meter), ash (from 30 thousand rubles per cubic meter), wenge (about 100 thousand rubles per cubic meter), pine ( from 100 rubles per linear meter), oak (from 18 thousand per cubic meter), spruce (from 6.5 thousand rubles). Wood for stairs is used with a thickness of 4-5 cm. It must be carefully polished. It should not be slippery, but also without roughness.

Then we make approximate calculations. Here are a few key points to keep in mind:

1. It is undesirable to do more than three or four winder steps.
2. The width of the steps must be designed according to the length of the foot.
3. The size of the opening must be calculated so as not to hit your head during the descent.

Instructions for the construction of stairs on stringers for a bath

Stair structures are built on stringers and bowstrings. In the first case, each step is placed on a ledge of a sawtooth profile. This method requires certain carpentry and carpentry skills. Work is performed in the following sequence:

• We choose hard and dense wood for the manufacture of stringers.
• We cut out a step shape template from thick cardboard with the appropriate size and slope.
• To connect the stringers with the top floor and the base, we make special grooves and markings according to the prepared template at the ends.
• By marking, we cut out the protrusions with a jigsaw and process them with a grinding machine.
• We cut out a recess for fasteners in the floor beam and mount metal supports.
• We fix the support beam with anchors along the line of the bottom step.
• We install the stringers at the desired angle. We fix them from below and from above with anchors.
• For steps we use boards from 3.6 cm thick, for risers - from 2 cm.
• We cut and grind each workpiece.
• We lubricate the lower cutout of the stringer with wood glue or PVA to prevent squeaking. Exactly along the edges we apply the elements of the risers.
• We fix the parts with self-tapping screws and install steps above them.
• After laying all the steps, we mount the railing. For the manufacture of racks, you can use figured wooden blanks. We mount the railing handrails along a clearly corresponding slope of the stairs.

The erection of stairs on bowstrings in the bath

Mounting steps on bowstrings is much easier. It is possible to independently build such a modification, adhering to the following plan:

• We make measurements of the height from the floor of the room to the top of the future stairs. We round the number and divide it by 18, we get the desired number of risers.
• We fix the brass ladder gauges on the joiner's square in pre-calculated places.
• We check the material of the bowstring so that it is straight, and put a square on it evenly. We draw a riser line and, without moving the tool, draw a step line.
• Using the calibrators and lines, draw the outline of the bowstring until all the steps are drawn.
• We remove the calibrators from the square when drawing the last element.
• Using a circular saw, make cuts along the edges.
• We cut out the middle with a sharp hand saw, apply the resulting part to the material and draw a contour.
• We make two edge and one middle bowstring.
• We adjust the height of the lower riser so that it is shorter by one step thickness.
• We attach a plywood sheet where the landing connects to the steps.
• We make marks for installing the bowstring and fasten it to the plywood.
• We cut out the same risers and fasten them with screws to the bowstrings.
• We attach the steps with screws and glue to prevent creaking and increase strength.
• For a general connection, we attach the upper step with screws to the plywood part.
• We mount the railing post in a vertical position and attach it with screws.
• We install the railings so that they repeat the angle of the stairs, and fasten them sequentially with screws.
• We assemble the handrails (railings) with nails and fasten fasteners to the stair structure.
• We attach the railing above the last crossbar, observing the correct slope.
• We prime and varnish the surface.

Do-it-yourself spiral staircase for a bath

The technology for constructing a spiral staircase is distinguished by more in-depth calculations. To correctly build such a structure, you should do it according to the following scheme:

• We make winder steps without risers. This will provide additional convenience when lifting.
• We design the step so that in the center its width is from 20 cm, and 15 cm from the racks is not less than 10 cm.
• We calculate the diameter of the structure from two meters, and the length of the steps - from 80 cm.
• We leave the height of the passage to the upper turn from 2 m.
• We use a thick-walled pipe made of stainless metal with a diameter of 5 cm or more as a supporting element. We install it strictly vertically at the very beginning of work. This will increase the strength of the stairs.
• We fasten the main support to the wooden floor with fasteners and anchors. If the floor is cement, then we concrete it using extensions.
• We drill a hole (with the diameter of the rack) in the narrow part of the tread to fix the step. For the installation of each element, we use bushings with the appropriate height.
• To prevent deformation of the step, we place a washer between the tread and the bushing. Its thickness is important to consider when designing the height of the sleeve. Otherwise, the staircase will turn out to be much higher than it was designed.
• We determine the length of the steps in accordance with the size of the rise in the ceiling. To calculate their number, the height of the entire structure is divided by the height of the opening between them. It should be from 18 to 20 cm, excluding the thickness of the step.
• We install steps with a slight overlap. We fix the structure with brackets between the edges of the wide part.
• We mount the final step on the floor with fasteners.
• We install the railing posts vertically to the steps and attach the handrails to them at the angle of the base of the stairs.
• We carry out decorative finishing.

With the help of this step-by-step instruction and a photo of the bath stairs, you can perform all the work quickly and efficiently, the process is shown in more detail in the video:

The ladder in the bath is a compromise between convenience, safety and compactness. Remember that before you make a ladder in the bath, you need to draw up a thorough project. A high-quality staircase should not only be reliable, but also fit well into the interior of the room. If you are not sure that you can make your own design that meets all standards, you can pick up a ready-to-install option in the store.

If in the bath it is necessary to install a staircase to the second floor, it is necessary to consider both its design and the material from which it will be made. Taking into account the peculiarities of the atmosphere in the sauna room and the natural desire to keep the interior in one, harmoniously created style, a combination of wood and metal is acceptable for saunas.

An ergonomic and beautiful option is a ladder building made of wood with a metal support structure. With sufficient space, it can be marching, with limited space it can be rotary or screw. Direct modifications with marches take up a lot of space, but with proper planning, the area remaining under the stairs can be used as a pantry for storing bath accessories and other equipment. Detailed drawing in the photo below.

Spiral and turn stairs are less convenient for constant walking, but in a small bath they significantly save space, and are not used so often. The project of a spiral or turning staircase can be different, the main thing here is the dimensions of the building.

In any case, such a staircase in the bathhouse to the second floor, with small volumes of the room, not only “does not steal” the usable area, but also saves money on its construction.

Do-it-yourself construction installation

To begin with, the technology provides for placement: a vertical stand or adjoining a wall. It is better to give preference to the latter if there will be children or people with limited mobility in the bathhouse. The wall will act as an additional support.

In order not to get sick after steam procedures, the steps must be made of wood, and the frame, handrails and stand should be made of stainless metal, you can use wood, which is more acceptable for the temperature regime in the bath. The metal heats up too quickly and can cause discomfort if it comes into contact with the skin.

How to make a ladder: calculation method and possible configuration in the video below.

A convenient location for step steps is 35-40 cm, but this applies only to rectangular models, spiral staircases have trapezoidal steps.

The design should be as simple as possible: steps and railings are not slippery, even with a slightly rough surface so that a wet foot does not slip.

In order to build a staircase in the bath yourself, you will need the following materials:

• tread beam - 4 cm;
• beam for steps, not less than 4 cm thick;
• beam for risers - 3 cm;
• timber for mounting stringers (strings) 5x25 cm in size;
• purchased or self-made handrails;
• stainless steel screws.

Work begins with determining the layout, type of stairs and steps. The standard parameters of the march are erected with a support step on a double-sided bowstring or mounted on stringers (beams located below).

Stringers are called bars, on which the structure rests in a horizontal section. In a vertical position, the teeth fix the risers. At the same time, the ladder can be mounted on the central stringer and the support of the steps on the wall or on the side stringers.

Bowstrings - strong beams with grooves for steps and risers. They are made from thick boards, the grooves are cut independently according to the template. Between themselves, fasteners are made using wooden or metal strands.

The steps are connected with a bowstring and reinforced with bars under the stairs at an equidistant distance. If the angle of inclination of the march is high, the bars may not be used. The top and bottom of the string are fixed on the walls, ceiling or on the floor.

Wooden fragments of the structure are treated with impregnation with antiseptic and refractory properties and opened with stain or varnish.

For a spiral staircase, the main thing is to determine the angle of inclination. It should be between 23-37 degrees. But, it is worth remembering that the higher the angle of inclination, the more difficult it will be to climb the stairs, however, this design will require the smallest placement.

Since many people prefer wood finishes in the bath, the stairs can be made in the same style without even using large-scale metal parts. It is worth choosing from hardwood: birch, ash, linden, oak. From conifers, larch and cedar are suitable.

It is important to make the stairs as safe as possible, since in conditions of high humidity and sudden changes in temperature, you can slip when going up or down. And, of course, do not save on protective solutions, otherwise the design will not last long.

The staircase in the bath is a compromise between convenience, aesthetics and safety requirements.

Usually wood is used

Design features

The input model and the internal model have common characteristics. According to the material, wood is a priority, since more often baths are made from it. Solid beams, glued or rounded timber are used. From the breeds choose those that tolerate changes in the microclimate and are resistant to decay: birch, oak or larch. Conifers are short-lived and produce resin.

As for the types of structures, mid-flight stairs, both straight and rotary, are mainly used here.

Space is saved by leaving open steps.

Ladder options:

• entrance upstairs from the street (for the summer period);
• from an annex;
• indoors (used all year round).

Types of stairs in the bath

It is important to ensure that the steps do not clutter up the space, and the rise ensures safety.

Entrance to the bath

Let's take a look at each type of structure. To equip the porch, the foundation is first built after the building has undergone basic shrinkage. Several types of piles are driven in:

• For deep laying. They are installed below the level of soil freezing to maintain the position of the porch during the period of seasonal fluctuations. There are bored and screw.
• For shallow placement. Columns (steers) are used, which are deepened below the fertile layer by 40–50 cm. To avoid deformation of the structure, the site is attached to the building with the help of beams and crossbars.

The porch to the bathhouse should be equipped after the basic shrinkage of the building

If the access to the second floor is planned from the outside, the same requirements apply for it. The parameters fit into the GOST standards: treads - within 25-30 cm, and risers - 15-20 cm.

The steps are attached to bowstrings or stacked on stringers. Consider a fence. It is desirable to mount the beams holding the platform into the wall.

Rise to the second floor

To equip the stairs in the bathhouse, you will need a thorough study of the available area and the selection of use cases.

Traditional mid-flight structures are placed aside, closer to the corners, building an L-shaped or U-shaped staircase. Thanks to this configuration, it is possible to reduce the affected area.

Mounting process:

1. Support beams are installed at the beginning of the ascent to the second floor and on the turning part.
2. Steps to the wall and supports are attached to stringers or straight bowstrings. In the first case, it is recommended to cut out the ridges, and in the second, notches for treads.
3. Installation depends on the selected design model. Additionally, they make closed risers.
4. Wooden handrails are attached to the outer part of the march. Use of other materials is not recommended due to heat.

Installation of stairs in the bath

If there is a catastrophic lack of space for construction, a compact goose step design is used.

Here it is possible to increase the slope while maintaining safety and convenience due to the treads alternating in width. Such models are often used for utility rooms, attics and mansards.

It is not always possible to equip a bathhouse in a separate building in a small area, but this does not mean that now the bathhouse will turn out to be an unfulfilled dream. The attic floor in small houses can become convenient if a convenient staircase is built in the bathhouse to the second floor, which should take into account a number of requirements for such a structure.

Requirements:

• Security. To prevent falling when descending, the ladder must be made of a material that does not slip well. This is all the more important because shoes may be damp when leaving the bath;
• Comfort. The angle of inclination should not be more than 40 o.
• Compactness. A bathhouse with a staircase to the second floor, after all, does not belong to those rooms that should attract everyone's attention to themselves - the rise there is usually arranged in the corridor or on the veranda, where there is always not enough space.

What material can the stairs be made of?

The simplest example is a wooden staircase that fits the bill. Wood is sufficiently resistant to excess moisture, especially after treatment with special impregnations that prevent decay. In addition, wood is pleasant to the touch. Usually they choose wood of acacia, oak, yew - species that in themselves are not afraid of high humidity.

Note! Wood can only be used if it is well polished so that it is impossible to drive a splinter, because after the bath, visitors can go down barefoot. However, polishing should not be excessive, so that the steps do not become too slippery.

Types of wooden stairs to the bath

The easiest way to make a regular straight staircase for a bath. This option is possible only if there is enough space - a wide long corridor is ideal for this. A staircase without turns is also the safest for climbing into the bathhouse. But in small houses with a lack of space, this option is completely unacceptable.

There are several particularly popular design options, and one of them is a staircase to the bathhouse on the second floor, the Internet is filled with photos and drawings of which, with direct marches and a platform between them. It can be without risers, which will make the construction easier and simpler.

It must be remembered that a staircase with a platform, being the most acceptable option, still requires more space compared to other types of stairs, which, with limited space, are suitable for baths located on the second floor. For example, a turning staircase can be without a platform using winders, which allow you to make the angle of ascent more gentle. It has practically no drawbacks if the winder steps are calculated carefully enough. In any case, the angle of elevation should not exceed 40°.

If the use of other types of stairs does not allow reaching an acceptable angle of inclination, then the wooden stairs to the second floor in the bath can be spiral, that is, it is formed only by winder steps. However, there are requirements for them that must be met during manufacture - the width should be about one meter, it should not be tightly twisted. The spiral staircase for climbing to the bath is still not often used due to the fact that it is difficult to make it on your own, and it is expensive to order due to the complexity of manufacturing.

How to build a staircase to the bath yourself

Considering that the bath is a secondary room, a ladder for it can be made, relying only on one's own strength. For the basic version, it is better to take a staircase with a right angle turn with a platform between the marches. After measuring the opening to the second floor and the distance between the floors, calculations are performed to determine the main parameters - the height of the platform, the number of steps, the angle of inclination.

Note! You can do all the calculations using special calculator programs and get an accurate drawing.

We are building a staircase to the second floor to the bathhouse, starting with the manufacture of the platform between the marches - the boards are laid and fixed on the prepared frame. Then they proceed to the kosuors of the lower part - the wooden beams are marked out, recesses under the steps are cut out.

After trying on the steps, the lower flight of stairs is assembled and installed in place. Exactly according to this principle, the upper flight of stairs is made. After all parts are ready and installed, they are varnished in several layers.