Laying an array of parquet boards. Natural coating: solid board - do-it-yourself laying

Laying massive boards is a floor installation covering, the elements of which differ significantly from parquet in their parameters. During the work, the process includes some features. Only a specialist with the skills and professionalism of a master can evenly and correctly lay out the floor with a board. All preparatory stages will be done with high accuracy and taking into account errors.

Characteristics of a quality board

A massive board has a saw cut at each end, which helps in locking the connection of two such elements. It is made by milling and makes it possible to tightly join two boards together using the tongue and groove method.

As the main material for flooring, the board has its own dimensions, quality and laying specifics. In terms of installation time, each linear (or square) meter will be sold much faster than parquet slabs.

Floor array dimensions:

• in length - 0.6-3 m;
• wide - 6-20 cm;
• thickness - 15-22 mm.

From a parquet board, massive differs in length, thickness, width and even smoothness. Permissible roughness for wooden flooring according to the standard is 125 mm.

For both types of materials, thickness plays a key role in determining the degree of durability. The thicker the board, the longer the wood floor will last. The thinnest (0.7 cm) are great for scraping, and not for arranging a coating fortress.

Preparation for laying solid boards

To carry out high-quality work, the following conditions must be met:

• The temperature in the room should be between +18 and +25 degrees Celsius.
• Humidity indicators do not go beyond the range of 45-65 percent.
• The space should be free, not blocked by tools or parts of building materials.
• Immediately after the board is delivered to the place, it is not laid. You need to wait until it is aged for about two to three days.

The packaged board should only be opened by workers and before the actual installation work. Before the arrival of specialists, you will need to first bring the surface to a clean state.

Base for laying solid board

The board must be laid out on a specific basis. It is impossible to carry out work if the floor is earthen in a private house, or consists of reinforced concrete floors in an apartment building. First, the base is made - a concrete screed. Then you can choose:

• Lay the boards directly on the new (or old, but strong) screed.
• Or cover everything with sheet plywood, and mount the floor from the board on top of it.
• Or, use an existing, solid plank floor as a base surface.

In the presence of systems of "heat-insulated floors" the massive board is not used. During the heating process, the wood will dry out, crack, and the coating will quickly fail. In such cases, the laying of specialized piece parquet is used, if the customer wants to have a wooden floor covering.

Phased work

The algorithm of actions when laying a massive board:

• Study of the surface on which the board will be laid.
• If necessary, adjust the baseline.
• Measurements and calculations (if necessary).
• Application of waterproofing material.
• Flooring of plywood sheets impregnated with resins and other moisture-resistant substances.
• The first stage of grinding is preparatory.
• Lined the boards.
• The second stage of grinding is thorough, with the inclusion of sealant, putty.
• Staining, toning, or varnishing.

You can line a massive board, ennobled with different coatings: oils, toning, or varnish. But working with such material will cost a little more. For example, a varnished board with an additive for glue (or self-tapping screws) can be laid for 1250 rubles per 1 sq.m. And when using wide elements (over 120 mm) - from 1450 rubles per 1 square meter.

Prices for preparing the base for laying

Price for laying parquet: turnkey and individual work

Solid wood flooring lasts for decades, and that's a fact. The material is warm, highly aesthetic and cozy. The modern technology of laying solid boards differs significantly from the old methods of installation. Read the details below.

The array is long planks of solid wood of valuable species: oak, beech, larch, cherry, walnut. Large manufacturers use especially hard and exotic species - teak, bamboo, jatoba, zebrano, merbau, etc. Sizes are variable:

• The thickness of the massive board (depending on the scope of application) - 9-26 mm;
• Product width - from 100 to 220 mm;
• Length - from 300 to 1500 mm.

Along the perimeter of the slats there is a tongue-and-groove lock (“thorn-groove”), which allows you to assemble the array into a single, monolithic coating. On the wrong side, special “grooves” are cut to compensate for internal stresses and prevent deformation.

The surface can be clean or factory-finished with oil, varnish or oil-wax. In the first case, after laying, a little additional sanding and a protective coating will be required (preferably based on fat-containing mixtures, since the varnish film may crack due to temperature and humidity changes). In some collections, a chamfer is cut along the perimeter, and its depth for unprotected paintwork strips must be at least 2 mm.

If earlier the shade of the flooring depended on the type of wood, today it is not so important. Modern paints and varnishes allow you to get more than 5000 shades, from snow white to deep black. Therefore, when choosing, it is better to pay attention to the hardness of a massive board, its resistance to atmospheric changes, etc.

When sorting a massive board for the floor, several categories are distinguished:

The name of each manufacturer may change, but the essence is the same - grade 1, 2 or 3, and, accordingly, the presence or absence of various defects. Of course, the price also depends on this parameter. The Select array is a premium class coating, therefore it will cost several times more than products from the Rustic series.

Board laying

Professional laying of the array is carried out according to the "run-up" method or with an offset of 1/3. In this case, the method of double fixation is used: on glue and hardware (special self-tapping screws with self-drilling caps, parquet "studs").

The reason for this "reinsurance" is simple: wood is subject to deformation. That is, it changes linear dimensions depending on humidity, temperature, season. Gluing and additional attraction of the planks with fasteners to the base will ensure the rigidity of the fastening, prevent the appearance of gaps over time, warping of the planks.

1. Installation work is carried out only after the completion of all types of rough finishes that allow humidification or heating of the air. Including laying tiles, plastering or painting walls and ceilings, wallpapering, etc.
2. The air temperature in the room should be in the range from +18 °С to +25 °С, humidity - 40-60%.
3. Transportation is carried out in covered vehicles, and storage - in a dry, ventilated room.
4. The vast majority of manufactured solid boards are not intended for laying on floor heating systems.
5. Before work, it is necessary to withstand the so-called acclimatization period - at least 48 hours.
6. After laying in the rooms, it is necessary to maintain optimal microclimate parameters: humidity within 40-60%, and air temperature - + 18- + 22 ºС.

Laying a massive board on plywood of a moisture-resistant series, for example, FK birch, is recognized as the most optimal.

This material is considered to be particularly durable, as it is able to withstand significant loads in various directions, and due to the multi-layered changes in linear dimensions are minimal. The minimum thickness of the plywood substrate is 10 mm or more.

It is also allowed to lay a massive board on a screed without plywood or a wooden floor. But with careful preparation. In any case, you will need the following set of tools and tools for installation:

The installation of a massive board is divided into 3 stages:

Foundation preparation

The subfloor must be:

If installation is planned on a mineral base, take care of preliminary waterproofing. For this, it is better to use special primers of the coating type. They are applied in a continuous layer on the entire surface of the floor with an institution on the walls.

Coating laying

It is necessary to start installation from a solid wall of the room from left to right. Apply adhesive to the width of the plank on the base with a notched trowel. The starting board is installed with an edge groove to the wall, spacer wedges are placed in the gap. The row is fixed with self-tapping screws or parquet studs at an angle of 45º with an interval of 25-30 cm.

If the laid wood is from the category of extra hard, it is recommended to pre-drill holes in the planks for self-tapping screws to prevent cracking.

Having laid the first strip, the next one is attached to it with the help of profile tongue-and-groove locks, and the installation begins with the cut fragment. If necessary, the strips must be carefully knocked out or pulled with a mounting bracket.

The last row is cut in such a way as to leave a technological gap of 8-12 mm between the coating and the wall. And the width of the slats should not be less than 5-10 cm.

You can walk on the finished massive floor 24-72 hours after the end of the work. Grinding and subsequent processing is allowed after 3-7 days.

Finishing

If the coating was treated with protective agents at the factory, then after laying and drying the glue, it is enough to carry out the first thorough cleaning using special wood coating care products.

An array with a clean surface after a technological break must be sanded a little and applied with a protective impregnation, finishing oil or oil-wax in accordance with the instructions on the package.

Applying protective oil to the array.

For proper service of the coating at the entrance, lay mud-proof mats, pad furniture legs with felt pads, and install silicone mats under chairs or tables on wheels. Periodically treat the floor with special compounds containing wax and other reducing agents. This will help keep your solid wood in perfect condition for years to come.

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Solid wood boards are strong and durable flooring materials. Outwardly, they look like parquet, but this is where their similarity ends with it. The main difference is in the structure. Solid wood boards are based on natural wood. Due to this, the material is characterized by high performance and presentable appearance.

Solid wood products are laid exclusively at the last stage of repair work. It is recommended to carry out their installation after the preparation of the subfloor, the installation of windows with doors and the puttying of the walls. It is necessary that the primer, putty on the walls and plaster on the ceiling are thoroughly dry before starting installation work.

When installing the material, it is important to observe a certain level of humidity in the room. Its optimal value is no more than 60%. The installation process of products depends on the basis on which they are placed. The technology of laying a massive board has its own nuances.

Product characteristics and rules for its selection

Massive boards are made with grooves and ridges at the edges. Due to this, the products are tightly joined. There is a chamfer on the outer side of solid boards. For this reason, after laying a massive board, there are small distances between the joints. These areas are filled when various damages to the material appear.

The strength of the material is due to the fact that on the inside of the boards there are transverse notches and cuts of the longitudinal type. Thanks to them, the material experiences minimal stress, and the tension of its fibers is reduced. The minimum length of the products is 50 cm, and the maximum is 3 m. The width of a massive board can be from 12 to 20 cm.

Several types of wood are used as the basis for the array. The place of origin of wood does not greatly affect the technology of laying the material on the floor. Of greater importance is the type of room where the boards are supposed to be placed, and their color. When choosing massive boards, the moisture content of the wood from which they are made is of decisive importance.

The optimal value is considered to be humidity of 9%. The maximum allowable value is 12%. A too wet product dries quickly after installation, as a result of which gaps appear between the boards, and the joints between them turn out to be fragile.

Varieties of material

For the manufacture of massive boards use wood:

• European;
• exotic;
• domestic.

European wood is represented by larch, alder, beech, ash. These are light breeds. Of the exotic species, sucupira, hevea, and elm are used. Oak floor products are highly durable.

oak properties

Its resistance to deformation is higher than that of beech. Oak, together with ash, are excellent as coverings for hallways and corridors, where there is a constant load on the floor. Oak massive boards withstand temperature changes and humidity changes well.

• campas;
• kerangi;
• kamshe;
• guarea;
• yarra;
• tompling.

Light breeds do not tolerate high humidity, and products made from pears and cherries with cherries are considered the most problematic in operation. Boards made of such wood need constant monitoring of indoor humidity.

There are several methods by which an array is stacked:

• on a screed made of concrete or a mixture of cement and concrete;
• on plywood;
• on an existing wood floor.

The first option is used most often. Installation of boards is carried out using glue that can withstand high temperatures. The method of laying on a screed made of concrete or a mixture of cement and concrete is suitable for those cases where a heating system is to be installed on the future floor.

Before installation, it is required to check the quality of the screed for damage. Special attention must be paid to the level of moisture content of concrete. The normal moisture content is no more than 6%. If it is exceeded, then it will be necessary to cover the concrete with a waterproofing film.

How to mount on plywood?

Laying a massive board on plywood has its own characteristics. Humidity of the plywood base should be no more than 10%. Before installation, plywood sheets are cut into squares or rectangles measuring 50 by 70 cm.

The sheets are fixed on a concrete base with glue, additionally providing a snug fit due to dowels. The edges of the plywood sheets are fixed with a pneumatic gun with 30 cm long studs.

The laid plywood tiles are thoroughly cleaned and sanded. Massive boards laid on such a base do not need grinding. What matters is the state of the screed and the tightness of the plywood sheets to the base.

An uncleaned screed and poorly fixed plywood sheets lead to a violation of the integrity of the floor and a discoloration of the massive material.

The array is also attached to an existing wooden floor. It is important that the old coating does not have cracks and deflections. Before installation, you will need to check the floor for strength, clean it with a grinder.

Especially carefully it is necessary to remove the old varnish coating, if any. After cleaning the surface of the old base, you can proceed to laying the array. It is laid in the same direction as the old base.

Laying solid oak planks

Other ways of laying a wooden array

In addition to those indicated, alternative methods of laying wooden arrays are used:

• floating method;
• on an adhesive backing;
• on the lags.

If floating laying of solid boards is used, then it is necessary to control the base and boards. They must be separated from each other. Fasteners are carried out at the expense of dies of massive boards. It is important that the massive material is not connected to the main coating. With proper observance of technology, the floor will withstand serious loads and changes in humidity.

The floating method is ideal for underfloor heating installations. As fasteners of such a floor, it is recommended to use special self-tapping screws with an additional protective coating that prevents the development of corrosion.

The option of mounting on an adhesive backing is considered a new method.

Adhesive backing will help in the installation of a wooden array

It gained popularity due to the appearance of elastinol. This is a one-sided adhesive backing that prevents the array from swelling too much. It has a number of other benefits:

• has good sound insulation;
• ensures the invisibility of the junction of arrays;
• does not require the use of brackets and glue when mounting;
• ensures the preservation of heat in the room.

Installation of the substrate is not difficult. On a pre-prepared concrete base, lay the substrate with its adhesive side to the plates. Then stacked wooden arrays.

Working with lags

Mounting arrays on logs is considered a convenient way when it is required to make the floor layer even in a short time. Logs are actively used in the reconstruction of buildings, as well as in the creation of podiums in apartments and offices. To do this, use logs from the bars. A polyethylene-based waterproofing coating is placed under the logs. Penofol is also used as waterproofing.

The installation of the base takes place according to the scheme:

• parallel laying of lags at opposite walls;
• thread tension with an interval of 1.4 m;
• fixing lags along the threads;
• filling the areas between the lags with insulation;
• a wood-fiber cloth is laid out on top of the log;
• on top of the canvas layer, a massive parquet board is laid.

General installation rules

The solid wood floor board is laid according to a certain technology, including the procedure:

• thorough drying of the floor base;
• creation of flooring from plywood sheets of standard sizes, which are highly resistant to moisture and strength;
• laying sheets with a small gap on the base with their obligatory fixing with self-tapping screws with dowels (glue plywood if necessary);
• sanding of plywood to be laid with a special machine;
• cleaning plywood from dirt and dust;
• laying the array, starting from the wall, with a small gap of 7 mm;
• laying the first rows of solid boards without glue with markings to simplify further installation;
• use as an adhesive composition for an array of exclusively anhydrous two-component adhesive;
• use when applying glue to the base of a conventional and notched trowel;
• having laid massive boards, it is necessary to fix them with screws, for which a pneumatic stapler is used.

After completing the work, you will need to wait until the floor dries.

Such floor material as a massive board is very popular today. It has a large number of positive aspects, ranging from high strength to a very presentable appearance. In terms of external design, it is similar to a parquet board, but, unlike it, it is a solid wood. When choosing a way to lay a massive board on the floor, first of all you need to think about whether it is worth it. Costs! With this design, the floor will last much longer, and its operation is practical.

Solid wood boards are environmentally friendly, strong and durable material.

Such a floor covering is not afraid of the impact of aggressive factors, besides, it is easy to work with it by grinding, and the load on such a material can be absolutely any.

To implement it yourself, you must first decide on the method. In addition, this process is carried out already when the repair is almost completed. To make your work easier, it is recommended to study in more detail the features of such a board and how to choose it correctly.

Choosing the Right Board

In order for the floor to serve properly, special attention should be paid to the finishing material. From its quality directly depends on how the result will satisfy its owner.

Therefore, there are points to which it is desirable to pay more attention when buying a massive board:

1. Design Today, a massive board is produced in completely different variations. Therefore, it should be selected in accordance with the future interior. There should be no problems with this, since this material has a wide color palette, and this is not to mention the structure. For the manufacture of such a board, both ordinary wood and more expensive "exotic" can be used. The most common option is beech. Such boards have warm colors and are highly durable. But there is also a peculiarity - they are sensitive to moisture. Therefore, if this figure is increased in the room where the laying of massive boards will take place, it is better to opt for teak, larch and other similar trees.
2. The quality and geometry of the material When choosing boards, you should carefully check the surface for cracks and similar defects. The edges of the planks deserve special interest, so that firing is not used for their finishing. If such a moment is observed, then you can be sure that the drying technology was performed incorrectly. When laying such a massive board, the desired effect will not work, the floor will look sloppy. As for geometric shapes, it is very important that the elements are seamlessly fastened to each other. The surface should not have protrusions or dips, since due to such a defect, the laid out floor surface will be uneven.
3. Documentation. Quality material always has certificates in which the manufacturer provides the consumer with maximum information about his product. After studying them, you should see how the drying was carried out. If the convective type technology was observed, then it is precisely such a massive board that should be purchased. The humidity index should not exceed 9%.
4. GOST certificates. This documentation indicates that the massive board was produced by serious companies. In addition, responsible manufacturers state information regarding their material as clearly as possible.

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Basic styling methods

When laying a massive board, you should thoroughly prepare the base. This will depend on how you choose to work.

Boards can lie on the basis of several types:

• cement-concrete or just concrete screed;
• plywood;
• natural wood;
• lags;
• staples.

Most often, the first option is used, that is, a screed. In order to carry out the installation, glue is used, which has a high rate of temperature changes, but it is absolutely non-toxic to humans.

When laying a massive board on a cement-concrete or concrete screed, you should check it for strength and see if it has any damage in the form of bumps, cracks or chips. It is best if such a surface has 6-7% moisture, otherwise you will have to take care of waterproofing.

As for plywood, this method is also often used. But there is also a nuance here.

To lay a massive board on plywood, you should remember about the vapor barrier layer.

The humidity level of the material should not exceed 10%, and a two-component adhesive is used for the installation itself. To secure the edges, you will need an air gun with 30 cm studs.

The convenience of the method of laying on logs lies in the speed of installation work. At the same time, there is no need to take care of cement mortars. A waterproofing material is laid under the logs, which is desirable to use on the basis of a film of polyethylene or penofol.

A few words about brackets. Builders call this method "floating". Using it, it is possible to save 30-40% on laying work.

The laying technology for aluminum products involves installation together with silicone expansion joints, which provide improved edge bonding.

It also happens that a massive board is laid on top of an old wooden coating. But in this case, you should be sure that it still retains its reliability and strength, and the moisture level of the material has an indicator of 8-10%.

If the old base has a lacquered coating, then it must be removed, after which the surface is carefully polished. This is done in order to eliminate any irregularities. It should also be noted that when installing a massive board, the direction should be the same as that of the previous coating. To fix them, you should stock up on self-tapping screws with an anti-corrosion coating.

Having familiarized yourself with each method, you can, after weighing all the pros and cons, choose the one that is most convenient in a particular case.

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Preparatory stage of installation

In addition to the fact that the workspace must be prepared, you should stock up on the necessary tools:

Rows between massive boards are fastened with staples or glue placed in the groove.

• metal ruler;
• a simple pencil;
• spatula;
• joiner's square;
• pneumatic stapler;
• screwdriver and drill;
• wooden mallet;
• self-tapping screws.

Regarding fasteners, there is the following recommendation: it is better to take self-tapping screws with those that have an anti-corrosion galvanic coating. This type of elements does not rust, moreover, they tend to smooth out the effects of seasonal influences. Some people think that you can use nails that are specifically designed for parquet, but this is not the case.

On the underside, stainless steel brackets are used. They are used to fix two elements, by snapping them into the grooves or by fastening them with self-tapping screws.

As noted above, if the method of laying on a screed is chosen, then in no case should they be in contact with each other. An intermediate layer should be created, for which a primer mastic and a vapor barrier film are used. All gaps in the joints are glued.