Tolstoy, Boyhood. How do you explain that the best descriptions of nature by various writers are associated with its terrible phenomena? Why didn't Nikolenka fulfill his father's instructions?
- Eh, the sperm was transferred in vain ... - instead of “hello,” a neighbor said to me, opening the door and letting me into the hallway. He sighed, nodding towards his 15-year-old son Nikolasha.
- Here,ran for a minute - II am trampling in the corridor, taken aback by the phrase of Stanislav Leonidovich. Of course, he is witty, but one can offend his son in this way.
But Nikolenka did not at all think of being offended; showing with spread fingers "V" the boy departed for the kitchen. Obviously, the father was credited with a point. Well, each family has its own methods of education and its own “jokes”.
They say: what you educate, you will grow. That's how it is, however, even identical twins differ from each other in character, abilities and behavior. Outwardly, they are as if drawn through tracing paper, but in life they are very different. Education bears fruit, but not the fact that it is expected. Today it is customary to say that their souls are different, they say, in a past life, each had its own experience ...
Have you noticed how “children”, having appeared in the world, react to others? With what interest they look at their parents, grandparents, aunts, uncles, as well as ancestors leaning over them, staring from portraits hung along the front wall. How many hopes, ambitions, plans these babies must embody!
When Nikolenka was brought from the maternity hospital, the Family Council decided: the child will be brought up in strictness, observe the regimen, no nipples, diapers - up to 5 months, feeding - exclusively by breast, no children's screams, tantrums, egoism - fight.
At the festively set table, to the clink of glasses, the men of the clan alternately made tough adjustments to Nikolenka's upbringing. Discipline, hardening, no “shu-shu” (everyone looked at their grandmother). Feeding by the hour, walks in the cold, and do not wrap up! (everyone looks at mom). Hard mattress! - added the uncle-captain. Everyone nodded in unison.
By the end of the celebration, it became clear that even the king of Sparta would be satisfied with what was happening: the upbringing of the boy was supposed to be tough and fair.
But the meaning of life from the children's room looks very different ...
In three days, Kolya-Nikolasha accustomed his relatives to the order that he wished to establish. He fell asleep exclusively on male hands, to the sounds and movements of an incendiary rumba - only this rhythm acted on the child like a lullaby. He ate and slept when he wanted, which brought mommy to complete nervous exhaustion. The milk burned out, I had to switch to mixtures. Kolya was not embarrassed by this, he liked the cereals with a bottle, he used them with pleasure for up to three years. The pot was rejected with contempt, diapers sucked a lot of money out of parents for a long time. Spartan upbringing ordered to live a long time, never having begun ...
At school, Nikolenka would have studied perfectly, he had all the makings, but ... laziness turned out to be stronger. From time to time, his father's indignation banished laziness-toadstool, but, to tell the truth, his father, a teacher at the Polytechnic University, was secretly proud of Nikolenka - the boy would not have yielded to some students in development. Colin's mother was a delicate and very busy person - she worked hard at the company, developing another "new remedy for toothache." At parent-teacher meetings, Kolya's mother looked at the teachers like a goose at lightning - in fear and doubt - is it about her son? And how hard it is for a boy to be among such fury teachers! True, recently Kolya was praised more and more, they said that the boy had outgrown the “difficult” age.
At home, Nikolenka was for the owner. He knew how to cook soup: - try, do not be afraid, if anything - there are medicines in the house ... - he said to his mother, a pharmacist. He took out the trash well. Skillfully handled the vacuum cleaner and washing machine. Almost daily I was in touch with my grandparents, since the calls are free. Briefly reported. "Mum? Yes... she's already at home. Grandpa, don't let her be unhappy! Her laboratory experiments - again down the drain.
Over time, Nikolenka turned into a pretty teenager, convicted by his mother’s complete confidence: (“my son is wonderful, he reads a lot and cooks an omelet perfectly”). Dad was more strict - the son could well have achieved brilliant academic success (“I could!”); but sometimes common sense prompted: what special have you achieved, papa? On the other hand, the son is in good physical shape, does not stagger around in the evenings, and judging by the observations, his sexual orientation is normal.
And dad was secretly proud of his son, his sense of freedom and humor, inherited from his great-grandfather, a sailor Vasily Petrovich. There was a man! What have you not seen in your lifetime! He was a characteristic person - he lived easily, without fear and malice, laughing at life and at himself. At the age of 90, he joked, referring to his family:
“Where is your handkerchief? Take it out and erase the serious expression on your face! Nah, friends, that's not good ... Life - what is it like? You won’t get out of it alive, so why frown at her in vain? Well, when your hour comes, put your hand under the visor and to the big-nosed one: “- Ready for a long journey! All mine is with me, but my heart remains with my loved ones!
Vasily Petrovich's wife was younger than him, he was sometimes jealous, but hid this fact. Near his wife he walked like a gogol, teasing: - You are Maria, - he said to her, - let go of my sins little by little ... did I really cheat on you? So ... mischievous ... Understand yourself, if you remain faithful for a long time, it will deteriorate! - and slyly from under the eyebrows on the wife - bubble! The wife laughed, she rarely looked at her Vasily without a smile. And so they lived for half a century: soul to soul.
Nikolenka had heard a lot about his great-grandfather, his cheerful, life-loving nature - partly it was passed on to his grandfather and father, and Nikolasha himself got something. He did not like to scandal, but conflicts happened.
Like today, for example, from scratch. Because of an unexpected guest.
A colleague of my father came, he urgently needed some papers. The father invited him to come into the office. It was Saturday. It's Mom's Migraine Day. For some reason, the migraine acutely manifested itself on Saturday, requiring bed rest and complete silence for my mother. Dad was offended by mom's migraine, because he had to put on an apron and go to the kitchen. He was allowed to peel vegetables and cut meat. Nikolenka gave these products an edible look - he cooked soups. By evening, the migraine receded, my mother set the table and the whole family had dinner with a delicious thick soup, where there was a lot of greens and meat. Today, the cooking process was in full swing when an unexpected guest appeared. The man entered, nodded, and, without undressing, in dirty boots, a hat and a coat, moved along the corridor, explaining that he was running out of time. His article on the economic renaissance should now be finished!
In the office, flopping down in an armchair, the guest took off his hat, looked around and placed it on an empty vase. He unbuttoned his overcoat, rummaged around with his eyes - and then Nikolenka appeared. - Tea coffee?
The guest turned out to be boring, slovenly and very hungry: he ground a stack of sandwiches, ate his grandmother's homemade cookies, drank three cups of coffee with milk, while glasses with a broken temple fell into the last cup of coffee. Nikolenka, in the role of a bartender-waiter, was impeccably polite, patiently fulfilling the requirements of the guest, who for the second hour crackled like a magpie, complaining to the whole world. My father was silent, I sniffed the smells - there was no smell of soup yet. Here the man sternly demanded that Kolya wipe his glasses with a clean towel. The guest was not going to leave, because the economic renaissance could still wait. But Nikolasha could not wait any longer, the family would be left without dinner. He made up his mind: he wiped his glasses with a towel, adjusted the headband, brought it, looked intently at the man and asked in a bass voice: “You look so smart, do you even sleep with him?”
For a minute the guest delved into the subtext, then jumped up, offended, pulled on his hat and rushed out, leaving the door wide open. Father closed the door behind him, - Nikolenka, well, you're a bastard with me!
To which the son replied: “Your genes, dad. Where can you get away from them?"
The father got excited, they say, he offended the guest, you need to think what you are saying to people!
- Stop, - said Nikolenka, - you, dad, in your Polytechnic University, it seems, you teach history? Now remember how many times you told me: "Learn, son, not to think - it will come in handy."
“You don’t understand jokes?” Dad was indignant.
“So, your honor, they would say that this is a joke,” my son answered, portraying a stupid soldier Schweik.
In general, the conflict was small, but memorable. The father felt like a loser, the score was about 2-0, in favor of this...sperm.
Immediately after arriving in Moscow, Nikolenka feels the changes that have taken place with him. In his soul there is a place not only for his own feelings and experiences, but also for compassion for the grief of others, the ability to understand the actions of other people. He realizes all the inconsolability of his grandmother's grief after the death of his beloved daughter, rejoices to tears that he finds the strength to forgive his older brother after a stupid quarrel. Another striking change for Nikolenka is that he bashfully notices the excitement that the twenty-five-year-old maid Masha arouses in him. Nikolenka is convinced of his ugliness, envies Volodya's beauty and tries with all his might, although unsuccessfully, to convince himself that a pleasant appearance cannot make up all the happiness of life. And Nikolenka tries to find salvation in thoughts of proud loneliness, to which, as it seems to him, he is doomed.
Grandmother is informed that the boys are playing with gunpowder, and although this is just a harmless lead shot, the grandmother blames Karl Ivanovich for the lack of supervision of the children and insists that he be replaced by a decent tutor. Nikolenka is having a hard time parting with Karl Ivanovich.
Nikolenka does not get along with the new French tutor, he himself sometimes does not understand his impudence towards the teacher. It seems to him that the circumstances of life are directed against him. The incident with the key, which he inadvertently breaks, for some unknown reason, trying to open his father's briefcase, finally brings Nikolenka out of balance. Deciding that everyone has deliberately turned against him, Nikolenka behaves unpredictably - she hits the tutor, in response to her brother's sympathetic question: "What is happening to you?" - shouts, as all are disgusting to him and disgusting. They lock him in a closet and threaten to punish him with rods. After a long confinement, during which Nikolenka is tormented by a desperate feeling of humiliation, he asks his father for forgiveness, and convulsions are made with him. Everyone fears for his health, but after a twelve-hour sleep, Nikolenka feels good and at ease and is even glad that his family is worried about his incomprehensible illness.
After this incident, Nikolenka feels more and more lonely, and his main pleasure is solitary reflections and observations. He observes the strange relationship between the maid Masha and the tailor Vasily. Nikolenka does not understand how such a rough relationship can be called love. Nikolenka's circle of thoughts is wide, and he often gets confused in his discoveries: “I think what I think, what I think about, and so on. The mind went beyond the mind ... "
Nikolenka rejoices at Volodya's admission to the university and is envious of his maturity. He notices the changes that happen to his brother and sisters, watches how an aging father develops special tenderness for children, experiences the death of his grandmother - and he is offended by talk about who will get her inheritance ...
Before entering the university, Nikolenka is a few months away. He is preparing for the Faculty of Mathematics and studies well. Trying to get rid of the many shortcomings of adolescence, Nikolenka considers the main one to be a tendency to inactive reasoning and thinks that this tendency will bring him much harm in life. Thus, it manifests attempts at self-education. Friends often come to Volodya - adjutant Dubkov and student Prince Nekhlyudov. Nikolenka talks more and more often with Dmitry Nekhlyudov, they become friends. The mood of their souls seems to Nikolenka the same. Constantly improving himself and thus correcting all of humanity - Nikolenka comes to such an idea under the influence of his friend, and he considers this important discovery the beginning of his youth.
CHAPTER II. THUNDERSTORM
Try to accurately determine, by carefully rereading the text, in which month the events at the beginning of the story “Boyhood” take place.
The chapter "Thunderstorm" describes the end of spring - the beginning of summer. This description is accurate to detail. The reader perceives the state of nature after a spring thunderstorm - and colors, and smells, and sounds: “... in the wet bushes one can hear the troublesome movement of small birds, and from the middle of the grove
cuckoo sounds are heard. So charming is this wonderful smell of the forest after a spring thunderstorm, the smell of birch, violet, rotten leaf, morels, bird cherry ... "All this in central Russia usually occurs in late May - early June.
A very accurate and poetic description of a thunderstorm contains a number of pictures. Use their sequence to talk about a thunderstorm: the clouds gather into one big, gloomy cloud; a cloud is approaching, and "the whole neighborhood takes on a gloomy character"; thunder rumbles and lightning flashes, but as yet there is no rain;
"rain like a bucket";
the rain stops: “this wonderful smell of the forest after a spring thunderstorm is charming.”
Here is one such story.
“Spring thunderstorm At first there was not a cloud in the sky, but suddenly a large dark purple cloud appeared and became - without wind! - catch up with us. It often flashes lightning and hears a faint rumble.
But then the cloud approached and there was thunder. At last the clouds covered the whole sky, and the sun disappeared behind them. “The whole neighborhood suddenly changes and takes on a gloomy character.” "Lightning flashes as if in the chaise itself."
Finally, “a dazzling lightning, instantly filling the entire hollow with fiery light, makes the horses stop and, without the slightest interval, is accompanied by such a deafening crack of thunder that it seems that the whole vault of heaven is collapsing above us.”
And only after that begins "oblique rain like a bucket." However, it soon becomes smaller and finally stops. The sun is shining again. A joyful feeling covers the travelers.
Variants of such paraphrases-descriptions can be different. In such a retelling, each student can include their memories or use the text of L.N. Tolstoy.
Find the phrase that ends the chapter called "Thunderstorm". What feelings does Nikolenka convey with such an ending?
In order to convey the sensations that Nikolenka experienced, we can recall a few last remarks:
"Lubochka! Katya! - I shout, giving a few branches of bird cherry there, - look how good it is!
Girls squeak, gasp; Mimi yells for me to leave, otherwise I will certainly be crushed.
- Yes, you smell how it smells! I scream.
How do you explain that the best descriptions of nature by various writers are associated with its terrible phenomena? Recall that you recently read a description of a winter snowstorm, and now you have got acquainted with a brilliant description of a spring thunderstorm.
Writers recreate what especially surprises or occupies not only them, but all people. We see storms, tornadoes, tsunamis, hurricanes both in paintings and in descriptions of works of art. The writer cannot fail to notice the striking natural phenomena: they both surprise and at the same time often attract with their peculiar, albeit gloomy, beauty. In addition to the fact that they excite writers and artists, there is a sincere desire to understand the causes that cause the elements. Therefore, an artist is often both a creator of a work of art and a researcher.
Remember the poems that are dedicated to vivid natural phenomena. Read them by heart. Is “Spring Thunderstorm” by F. I. Tyutchev similar to the description of a thunderstorm in the story by L. N. Tolstoy? If there is a similarity, what is it?
F. I. Tyutchev’s “Spring Thunderstorm” depicts the same natural phenomenon that L. N. Tolstoy talks about. But in the poem, the thunderstorm is cheerful and fervent, it does not frighten, but only pleases. Both masters of the artistic word described the same stages of this stormy phenomenon of nature: from the beginning, “peals of the young”, to the return of the sun, which - again! — gilds everything around. But for F.I. Tyutchev this is a cheerful holiday of nature, and for L.N. Tolstoy it is a formidable, but majestic phenomenon, after which nature is again full of strength and joy.
Find examples of epithets, metaphors, hyperbole and comparisons in the text of the Thunderstorm chapter. Which of the artistic means most clearly helps to present a formidable phenomenon?
Terribly gloomy side of the horizon; jackdaws with disheveled wings; a deafening crack of thunder, that it seems that the whole vault of heaven is collapsing above us; slanting rain ... poured like a bucket; everything is wet and glitters in the sun, as if varnished; aspen grove ... as if in abundance of happiness ...
The description of a spring thunderstorm is filled with artistic techniques that help to imagine and even experience what the author describes. In describing the most intense moments of a thunderstorm, hyperbole is most remembered, helping to imagine the scale of the shock of those who observe this natural phenomenon.
Describe your impressions of the bright natural phenomena that you had to observe.
Most often, students describe a thunderstorm, because everyone, of course, has seen and experienced it more than once, and also because in your story you can use techniques and even whole expressions from Tolstoy's text.
I carefully looked at the border of water and sky - right on the border of the Black Sea - at the very horizon. And suddenly I saw a black dot that arose on this very border. Soon the black dot enlarged and rose above the water, but now it was a tall pillar that rested on the sky. He swiftly rushed towards our shore, and it seemed that he would soon capture our pier. We were lucky - the direction of the wind changed, and we survived.
CHAPTER XI. UNIT
Why is the chapter called "One"?
The titles of the chapters of the story "Adolescence" determine their content. This chapter tells that Nikolenka did not know the history lesson. The teacher asked him. How did he answer? “I had nothing to lose, I cleared my throat and began to lie everything that only occurred to me.” What could a teacher do? “Suddenly, his hand made a slightly noticeable movement, and a beautifully drawn unit and a point appeared in the graph; another movement - and in the graph of behavior another unit and point. So there was a fatal mark.
Why did Volodya deceive the tutor about the mark of his younger brother?
Volodya was saving his brother, and he did not tell the tutor that Nikolenka was given one, because they had guests that day. If the father and grandmother had found out about such a mark of the youngest son, their mood would have deteriorated and the whole gala evening would have gone down the drain.
CHAPTER XII. KEY
What task did Father Nikolenka give?
Father sent Nikolenka to his office to get sweets there, which he wanted to give to the birthday girl.
Why did this task turn out to be a failure for him?
This time, Nikolenka was let down by idle curiosity: he decided to check what the smallest key, hanging on a bunch of keys, was from. He accurately determined that the key to the briefcase, unlocked it, but, locking it, broke the key.
When did the hero say: “What will be, what will not be avoided”? Do you, like him, understand the meaning of this expression?
Nikolenka has long used this expression in all the difficult moments of his life. He once overheard it from Nikolai, and it "produced a beneficial, temporarily calming effect on me." But, probably, it would be more accurate to consider the meaning of this expression as follows: circumstances have developed in such a way that nothing can be changed and it is useless to try to do something.
Why is this statement called fatalistic in the text? What does the word "fatalism" mean?
The phrase "What to be, that cannot be avoided" Nikolenka said to himself. These words meant that everything was predetermined in advance and nothing could be changed.
Reference. Fatalism (from the Latin word "fatum" - rock, fate) - the belief that all events are predetermined in advance.
CHAPTER XIV. ECLIPSE
How do you explain Nikolenka's outburst of hatred and indignation? Why does Volodya look with horror and surprise at his antics?
A flash of hatred and indignation overshadowed the mind. He not only disobeyed his teacher, but also hit him. It is not surprising that the smart and observant Volodya "with horror and surprise" looks at his brother. Even he does not understand the reasons for these wild words and antics.
At the end of the chapter, when the "eclipse" completely took possession of Nikolenka, he, violently resisting, was dragged by adults and thrown into a closet. The last thing poor Nikolenka heard was about rods. It is worth noting that rods were used not only in the 19th century; in 2004, the British Parliament raised the issue of punishment with rods in educational institutions in England. So this method of raising children in our time has not yet become a thing of the past.
CHAPTER XV. DREAMS
What seems to you the most important thing in describing the despair that gripped Nikolenka?
The main thing in this description was “the memory of the misfortune that befell” Nikolenka: he “again entered the hopeless labyrinth of uncertainty about the upcoming fate, despair and fear.” Nikolenka was especially frightened by the unknown.
2. What was the hero looking for the reasons for the universal hatred of himself, which, as it seemed to him, was obvious? Nikolenka believed that the universal hatred for him, which he himself invented and believed in, was generated by the fact that he was an unfortunate foundling, and not his father's own son. Having come up with this story, he began to feel sorry for himself and at the same time think of what feats he would glorify himself with, so that people would return their sympathy and love to him.
Try to list all the options for events that Nikolenka presented in his dreams.
The first option drew an explanation with the father, who, it turns out, is not his own, but at the same time an honest and noble person who pities and forgives him.
The second option was already carried out in the ranks of the military. Nikolenka introduced himself as a hussar who brings victory to his native army. And the general throws himself on his neck and thanks him for the victory, and then the king himself congratulates him.
The third option is already a daring conversation with God himself. Nikolenka boldly asks, "Why is he punishing me?"
Option four. Nikolenka imagines that he will certainly die, and all forty days after his death he will listen to how everyone in the house will feel sorry for him. He even imagines his dead mother, whom he meets in heaven...
But very soon Nikolenka realizes that the continuation of dreams is impossible: “in the present, only one terribly gloomy, impenetrable distance appears to my mental gaze.”
Have you ever had similar sad dreams?
Some students like to talk about their dreams, others are shy about such a story. However, most often boys talk about possible, as it seems to them, but completely unrealistic military exploits, and girls talk about their successes at beauty contests. It will be nice if your dreams are embodied in a fictional story created on the basis of the courageous deeds of your favorite characters in books or movies.
CHAPTER XVI. GRIND, FLOUR WILL BE
What especially oppressed Nikolenka in his punishment?
At first, Nikolenka was oppressed by loneliness - after all, he spent the night alone in a closet and no one talked to him, and then that he was forced to ask for forgiveness from the teacher, but he could not do this.
Who supported him with a soothing proverb? Why did the proverb become the title of the chapter?
The servant Nikolai said a soothing proverb. It became the title of the chapter primarily because it helps to understand the temporary nature of all the troubles that befell Nikolenka.
Read the scene with the grandmother carefully. How did Nikolenka, his tutor and grandmother herself show themselves in her?
Each participant in the scene with the grandmother was right in his own way and at the same time wrong. Nikolenka was stubborn and did not want to admit his rudeness and mistakes, the grandmother could not understand why he did not admit his sins, and the teacher, like Nikolenka, was irritated and could not cope with his anger.
Retell Nikolenka's conversation with his father. Decide how important this scene is to understanding the state of the hero.
Father caught Nikolenka, who was trying to run away from home. He immediately began to punish him by grabbing his ear. But the punishment did not drag on, because the father very quickly realized what state Nikolenka was in. He listened to him and, when the boy began to convulse, carried him to the bedroom. This scene shows how great the boy's despair is and how quickly the father was able to understand the hopelessness from the feeling of loneliness and misunderstanding that the son experienced.
Why does Nikolenka claim that everyone hates him? What is the reason for his confusion?
Nikolenka forgot about his mistakes and misdeeds and sincerely believed that everyone took up arms against him for no reason and sought to punish him only because of hatred for him. Such a delusion can be understood: each person knows how others relate to him, but often incorrectly assesses the reasons that caused such an attitude. So, Nikolenka, who did a lot of stupid things - he was lazy for a long time, was rude, did not do his homework - he did not think about what and how he did, but thought with resentment only about how others treat him.
It is worth reading the last lines of this chapter and it will become clear that Nikolenka's troubles are over: “I fell asleep. When I woke up, it was already very late, one candle was burning near my bed, and our family doctor, Mimi and
Lyubochka. It was obvious from their faces that they were afraid for my health. I felt so good and light after a twelve-hour sleep that I would have jumped out of bed now, if it weren’t unpleasant for me to upset their confidence that I was very sick.
CHAPTER XIX. ADOLESCENT
Do you believe that Nikolenka considered all the questions listed in this chapter? Do you understand his thoughts and feelings?
The author himself assumes that readers will not believe that the issues he writes about in the chapter were of interest to him in his adolescence. Let's call them: the question of the purpose of man, the future life, the immortality of the soul. At the same time, he believed that it was he who first discovered great and useful truths.
It is worth thinking about whether it seemed to each of us that it was we who discovered certain truths.
How did Nikolenka want to test his moral strength? Why did he do it?
Nikolenka came up with a variety of tests for himself: he whipped himself with a rope to temper his will, held heavy dictionaries (lexicons) in his hands to become stronger, suddenly gave up lessons, because it is not known how long his life will last and you need to use the present ... All these he carried out methods of testing and testing, first of all, in order to temper himself.
Have you thought about symmetry? Try to discuss this problem with Nikolenka.
Not every sixth grader can discuss symmetry issues. However, everyone can remember how Nikolenka discussed these issues. So, for him, the question of symmetry suddenly grew into a question of eternity and human life. At the same time, he was distracted and immediately began to think about the soul of the water horse, which he saw from the window. One smile of his brother, who noticed his condition, was enough for Nikolenka to conclude: “... everything that I thought about was the most terrible gil (nonsense).”
Do you understand what skepticism is? How do you explain why Nikolenka was fond of him?
Having learned about skepticism, Nikolenka began to doubt the existence of everything that was around him. He even tried to see... emptiness if you quickly look in the opposite direction. This hobby was also supported by the boy's egoism, since it gave him the right to consider himself the only one in the whole world.
Reference. Skepticism is a philosophical position that is characterized by a doubt about the existence of any reliable criterion of truth.
Why did the teenager Nikolenka "go beyond reason"?
Nikolenka believed that at that time he, with his passion for the philosophy of skepticism, was close to insanity. But the author, the grown-up Nikolenka, saw that reflections on complex questions, which were beyond the power of the boy's mind, only aroused the habit of abstract reflections, which were of no use. It was from abstract and unbearable reflections that his “mind went beyond reason.”
/. What attracts in the character of Nikolenka Irtenev?
Nikolenka Irteniev attracts, first of all, with her sincerity, honesty, kind attitude towards people. He constantly thinks about his actions, tries to analyze his actions. Nikolenka realizes his guilt, repents of his deed, feels someone else's pain, knows how to regret and sympathize.
2. What new things do we learn about Nikolenka in the chapter "Hunting"?
Like all children, Nikolenka dreams of becoming an adult as soon as possible. He is happy when he is taken on a hunt and given a serious assignment. But is it really possible to sit in ambush for a long time in ten years? There are so many interesting things around: crawling ants, flying butterflies. And Nikolenka, admiring the butterfly, missed the crucial moment and let the hunters down. He will long remember the contemptuous look of the Turks and his words: "Oh, master." This incident taught him to take the assigned task seriously.
3. What "dark spots" of his childhood biography does the adult Irtenyev recall?Many years have passed, but still, remembering Ilenka Grapa, Irteneva becomes
ashamed. Deciding to play a trick on the poor boy, Nikolenka and his friends made him a laughingstock. Only now does he understand why Ilenka cried so bitterly: not from physical pain, but from the humiliation that the boys subjected him to. Growing up, Irteniev could not understand why he did not protect Ilenka then, did not console him.
4. Tell us about Nikolenka's attitude towards your mother.
Nicholas loved his mother very much. Penetratingly and touchingly, he talks about the evenings that he spent with her in the living room. They often remained alone, and nothing prevented them from "pouring out their tenderness and love." Nikolenka's mother's kind brown eyes, her tender hands, which he loved to kiss, and her smile remained forever in Nikolenka's memory. “When mother smiled, no matter how good her face was, it became incomparably better, and everything around seemed to be cheerful.” The days that Nikolenka spent next to his mother were the happiest for him.
5. What influence did Natalya Savishna have on Nikolenka?
Natalya Savishna gave all her love, care and affection to the Irtenev family. Her unselfishness and sincere kindness attracted people. She taught Nikolenka to love people, to pity them, to sympathize and sympathize with them. The boy is grateful to Natalia Savishna for the "strong and beneficial influence" she had "on the development of his sensitivity."
6. How does the incident with the tablecloth characterize Nikolenka?
At first, when Natalya Savishna "whipped him like a yard boy," Nikolenka got angry and decided to take revenge on the impudent Natalya for the insult. But Natalya Savishna did not hold a grudge against the pupil for a long time and was the first to approach him to treat him with caramels. Nikolenka felt ashamed of his thoughts, kindness won out in him, and he burst into tears, but "not from anger, but from love and shame."
7.What is very important for you to learn after reading the story of Leo Tolstoy "Childhood"?Childhood is the happiest and most carefree time in a person's life. Your parents are always next to you, who love you, help you in difficult times, forgive mistakes. In childhood, the formation of a person’s character takes place, and it depends on who surrounds you, what you will be like in adulthood. It is very important that already in childhood you know how to feel someone else's pain, love people, come to their aid.