Syringe tube purpose method of use. Syringe tube with anesthetic: sequence of use

The invention is intended for use for injections. The syringe tube consists of an ampoule body with a substance and a piston without a rod having a recess, as well as a needle with a cap made of solid material. When used, the cap is removed from the needle and the tip is inserted into the recess on the piston. The needle cap turns into a piston rod. The technical result is the prevention of depressurization and infection of the contents during long-term storage, the manufacturability of the design. 1 salary, 3 ill.

The invention relates to medical equipment, namely to syringe tubes. Syringe tubes (No. 1) are known, in which the reservoir is made of soft material, and the contents are removed by pressing the fingers on the reservoir. These syringe tubes have the following disadvantages. The method of administration limits the volume of the reservoir to one milliliter, which sharply reduces the range and number of drugs that can be used in a syringe tube. When administering the drug, due to the design of the reservoir, at least a third of the contents remain in the reservoir, which further reduces the volume of the administered drug and leads to the waste of expensive medications (for example, drugs), while the patient receives an insufficient dose. This leads to the non-use of syringe tubes by medical workers even in the field and in ambulances, that is, where syringe tubes would be most convenient, and their use only in first aid kits. When using syringe tubes by non-medical people, after administering the drug, the person often reflexively opens his fingers on the reservoir, and the contents are absorbed back. A known syringe tube (N 2) has a body and a piston ampoule. It can be made of any volume; when administered, the contents are completely removed and are not reabsorbed. However, the presence of valves on the piston-ampoule requires careful sealing, which, combined with the small size of the parts, makes such a syringe-tube difficult and expensive to produce. When the drug is administered along with air through the valve, microorganisms can enter the piston-ampoule and infect the contents. Depressurization and infection of the solution is also possible during long-term storage and transportation. In addition, the process of administering the drug becomes more complicated and doubles in length (especially for non-medical patients), while in emergency cases the count of time can go by seconds. The proposed syringe tube (Fig. 1) includes a cylindrical reservoir (A) with a substance (B) and a piston without a rod (C), hermetically sealed with a thin layer of plastic on both sides (E). The cannula of the syringe is fitted with a needle similar to a conventional syringe tube (analogue from No. 1) (F). The needle cap is made of hard plastic and has a length slightly greater than the length of the reservoir, a pointed tip and a thickening (in the form of a washer) at the base (H). The piston has a recess (D) that matches the size and shape of the cap tip. When introducing the substance, the cap is removed from the needle and, piercing the protective layer of plastic with the tip, it is inserted into the piston (Fig. 2), after which the drug is injected, directing it to the base of the cap. The second option (Fig. 3) (can be used in larger syringe tubes: for internal, intra-arterial and intracardiac injections) is distinguished by the presence of a triangular tip (A) on the needle cap; the piston consists of two welded parts, one of which has a cone-shaped a recess (section B-B), the other - a slot-like one (section C-C). This allows you to insert the cap into the piston and turn it 90 o to move the piston in both directions. The proposed syringe tube can be made of any size and volume, which will ensure the use of any drugs by any route of administration. The contents are injected without residue, and reabsorption of the injected drug is prevented. The drug is stored in a sealed ampoule-reservoir and its infection during storage and administration is excluded, and administration is carried out twice as fast as the prototype. At the same time, the proposed syringe tube is much simpler, cheaper and more technologically advanced to manufacture than the prototype, since it uses parts similar to those produced for existing syringe tubes and disposable syringes. These qualities will allow the proposed syringe tube to be used en masse by both medical personnel (especially in the army, the Ministry of Emergency Situations and Ambulance) and the population (military personnel) in the form of self- and mutual assistance.

Formula of invention

1. A syringe containing an ampoule with a substance, two membranes for sealing the ampoule, a rod in which the needle is located, and a piston in which there is a recess corresponding in shape and size to the tip of the rod, characterized in that the rod is made in the form of a cap for the needle with the possibility of installing it as a piston rod, and the needle is hermetically installed on the cannula. 2. A syringe according to claim 1, characterized in that the piston is made of two welded parts, one of which has a cone-shaped recess, and the other - a slot-shaped one, and the needle cap is made with a triangular tip, with the possibility of its rotation in the piston by 90 o for moving the piston in both directions and, if necessary, removing it from the piston.

DRAWINGS

NF4A Restoration of the Russian Federation patent for an invention

MM4A Early termination of a patent due to failure to pay fees on time to maintain the patent in force

To use a syringe tube you need (Fig. 2):

• remove the syringe tube from the first aid kit;
• take the ribbed rim of the cannula with one hand, the body with the other and turn the body clockwise until it stops - to pierce the membrane;
• take the syringe tube by the cannula, remove the cap protecting the needle;
• holding the syringe tube by the ribbed rim of the cannula and without squeezing the tube with your fingers, insert the needle into the soft tissues of the thigh, buttock or shoulder (you can through clothing) to the cannula;
• squeeze out the contents of the tube by squeezing its body;
• Without unclenching your fingers, remove the needle.

Rice. 2. Rules for using a syringe tube

The remedy for FOV poisoning - the contents of one syringe tube with a red cap should be used at the first signs of damage: blurred vision, difficulty breathing, drooling. The earlier the antidote is applied, the higher its effectiveness. Use the second syringe tube with a red cap 5-7 minutes after administering the contents of the first syringe tube in cases where the signs of damage continue to grow (intensify).
In order to provide mutual assistance in case of severe lesions, accompanied by severe difficulty breathing, convulsions, loss of consciousness, administer the medicine from two syringe tubes at once.
Used syringe tubes must be pinned to the clothes on the chest of the affected person to record the amount of antidote administered when carrying out further treatment measures.
An analgesic should be used for severe pain caused by fractures, extensive wounds, crushed tissue and burns.
To use the contents of the pencil cases, you must: unscrew the lid of the pencil case, take the recommended number of tablets indicated in the description of each drug, and wash down the tablets with water from the flask. In the absence of water, the tablets must be chewed and swallowed.
Radioprotective agent - take the contents of one pencil case 40-60 minutes before possible exposure, if the expected radiation dose is 100 rad or higher. If necessary, the drug in the same dose (the contents of one pencil case) can be taken 6 hours after the first dose. In special cases (air temperature above 30°C, nausea, motion sickness), it is recommended to reduce the dose of the drug to four tablets, especially with repeated doses.
Take a prophylactic against FOV (two antidote tablets), if possible, 0.5-1 hour before likely contact with the agent. It is allowed to take the prophylactic antidote daily in a single dose of two tablets for 5-7 days.
Antibacterial agent - the contents of one pencil case are taken when there is a risk of infection by pathogens of infectious diseases, as well as for wounds and burns. Repeated administration (the contents of one pencil case) is carried out 6-8 hours after the first.
Antiemetic - one tablet is taken after radiation or concussion when nausea or vomiting occurs. The effect of the drug continues for 4-5 hours after taking it. If necessary (continuing nausea, vomiting), the drug should be taken again in the same dose.
When using an antidote, it is necessary to strengthen control over one’s own condition and the condition of other military personnel, especially when performing combat missions at night, during monotonous activities and elevated ambient temperatures.
To prevent side effects and disturbances in heat exchange that may occur when using the drug for poisoning with OPV, these antidotes should be administered only when there are the first signs of damage to OPV.

The utility model relates to medical equipment and is intended for a single injection of a medical drug and can be used in medical institutions and private clinics. The technical result that is provided by the proposed technical solution is that the syringe tube has high functional properties, high strength and reliability characteristics, namely the syringe tube can be made of any size and volume, which ensures the use of any drugs by any method of administration. The contents are removed without residue, and reabsorption of the injected drug is prevented. To solve this problem, it is proposed to use a syringe tube for disposable use, containing an elastic ampoule and a cannula with a needle. The syringe is additionally equipped with a rigid, for example, metal body having a rectangular cross-section, two end holes and a groove, in the grooves of which a roller with a pusher installed in one of the end holes moves, while the soft ampoule is fixed inside the groove due to a hole made at the end of the ampoule , and a latch made in the wall of the housing.

The utility model relates to medical equipment and is intended for a single injection of a medical drug and can be used in medical institutions and private clinics.

Syringes are widely used in medicine, especially disposable ones. All of them fundamentally consist of an ampoule body, a needle, a piston /mechanism for extruding the medicine/, the medicine is placed in the ampoule body and the medicine is injected using the piston and needle (S.A. Mukhina, I.I. Ternovskaya “Atlas on manipulation techniques nursing care. M. 1995, pp. 167-169).

Syringe tubes (N 1) are known and widely used, in which the reservoir is made of soft material, and the contents are removed by pressing the fingers on the reservoir.

Disposable syringes are known, made of polypropylene or polycarbonate and consisting of a hollow cylinder with a removable needle, a piston and a rod with a handle (IR No. 7, 1989). The disadvantage of these syringes is that their one-time use is not due to design features, but to the fact that when sterilized by boiling in water, deformation of the polymer material occurs with loss of tightness of the system, which, however, does not exclude the possibility of reusing these syringes after washing in cold water or without sterilization at all.

It is also known to use syringe tubes made of plastic and sterilized in factory conditions for a single administration of the medicinal substances contained in them (Zalikina L.S. Manual for general patient care M. 1976, p. 131). The disadvantage of disposable syringe tubes is the need to store a large set of tubes, the use of which is limited by the shelf life of their contents.

The closest technical solution to the claimed one is a syringe tube for disposable use, containing an elastic ampoule and a cannula with a needle (USSR author No. 169757).

All of the syringe tubes listed above have common disadvantages:

The method of administration limits the volume of the reservoir to one milliliter, which sharply reduces the range and number of drugs that can be used in a syringe tube. When administering the drug, due to the design of the reservoir, at least a third of the contents remain in the reservoir, which further reduces the volume of the administered drug and leads to the waste of expensive medications, while the patient receives an insufficient dose.

Syringe tubes are not used by medical workers even in the field and in ambulances, i.e. where syringe tubes would be most convenient. When non-medical people use syringe tubes, after administering the drug, the person often reflexively opens their fingers on the reservoir, and the contents are absorbed back.

The technical result that is provided by the proposed technical solution is that the syringe tube has high functional properties, high strength and reliability characteristics, namely the syringe tube can be made of any size and volume, which ensures the use of any drugs by any method of administration. The contents are removed without residue, and reabsorption of the injected drug is prevented.

The drug is stored in a sealed ampoule-reservoir and its infection during storage and administration is excluded, and administration is carried out twice as fast as the prototype. At the same time, the proposed syringe tube is technologically advanced in production; it uses reusable parts.

To solve this problem, it is proposed to use a syringe tube for disposable use, containing an elastic ampoule and a cannula with a needle. The syringe is additionally equipped with a rigid, for example, metal body having a rectangular cross-section, two end holes and a groove, in the grooves of which a roller with a pusher installed in one of the end holes moves, while

the soft ampoule is secured inside the groove due to a hole made at the end of the ampoule and a retainer made in the wall of the housing.

Figure 1 shows a) a general view of the syringe tube, b) fixation of the ampoule with the body, c) a view of the roller with a pusher. 1 - body, 2 - soft ampoule, 3 - cannula, 4 - roller, 5 and 6 - end holes of the body, 7 - retainer, 8 - pusher, 9 - ruler.

Preparing the syringe tube for use is as follows.

A soft ampoule (2) is placed in the groove of the rectangular housing (1) in such a way that the cannula (3) is located in the end hole (5) of the housing. At the other end of the body there is a clamp (7), onto which a soft ampoule (2) is attached due to a hole at its end. A roller (4) with a pusher (8) is installed in the grooves (10) in the housing groove on top of the ampoule. The end of the pusher is located in the end hole (6). After the injection is made using a pusher, the roller, moving along the surface of the ampoule, compresses it and pushes out the medicine. The medicine is pushed out if necessary without any residue. Using the ruler (9) you can dose the medicine.

These qualities will allow the proposed syringe tube to be used en masse by both medical personnel (especially in the army, the Ministry of Emergency Situations and Ambulance) and the population in the form of self- and mutual assistance.

Utility model formula

A syringe tube for disposable use, containing an elastic ampoule and a cannula with a needle, characterized in that the syringe is additionally equipped with a rigid body having a rectangular cross-section, two end holes and a groove in the grooves of which a roller with a pusher installed in one of the end holes moves, in this case, the soft ampoule is fixed inside the groove due to a hole made at the end of the ampoule and a retainer made in the wall of the housing.

A syringe (its name comes from the German spritzen - to splash) is the name of a tool used in technology, cooking and medicine for introducing and removing various liquids or gases using piston pressure.

Medical syringes are instruments used for injections, diagnostic punctures or suction of pathological contents from the cavities of the human body. The principle of its operation is that when the piston is raised and the needle is placed in any vessel containing liquid, a vacuum is created between the surface and the instrument. Since atmospheric pressure acts on the liquid in the container, it rises into its cavity.

Basically, a syringe is nothing more than a hollow graduated cylinder with an open end (into which a piston and rod are inserted) and a cone at the other end (to which a needle is attached). Modern disposable syringes are made almost entirely of plastic, while some reusable ones are made of metal.

Types of syringes and needles are distinguished depending on their size, purpose, design and number of possible uses.

Let's start by classifying tools by their design.

There are two-component and three-component syringes. What is their difference? We have already described the design of two-component ones above - they consist only of a cylinder and a piston. In three-component ones, a third is added to these two parts - a plunger.

Let us explain what it is and what it is needed for. A couple of decades ago, doctors noticed that the pain of an injection depends not only on how sharp the needle is in the syringe, but also on the smooth movement of the piston in it. The thing is that the nurse, when giving an injection, makes a noticeable effort to “push” the piston inside the cylinder. Because of this, the entire syringe moves, and so does the needle located in the human tissue. Actually, this is the cause of pain.

Now let's move directly to the plunger. This is the usual one that is attached to the piston for its smoother movement along the syringe cylinder. Thus, the person giving the injection presses on the syringe with less force and the painful sensations almost disappear.

Currently, both types are used in medicine.

Let's also consider the classification of syringes by number of uses. As you know, on this basis they are divided into disposable and reusable.

Disposable syringes (SHOP - single use syringes)

They became widespread in the early 80s. They are almost entirely made of plastic, with the exception of the needle - it is made of stainless steel. For a single administration of drugs, a syringe tube (or siretta) is sometimes also used.

Most often, medical disposable syringes are types of injection syringes. Let's take a closer look at them.

Regular disposable syringe

Regular disposable syringes (types whose sizes we'll look at later) are commonly used to administer a variety of injections. Its operating principle and structure have already been described above.

There are types of disposable syringes with the following volumes: 2 ml, 3 ml, 5 ml, 10 ml, 20 ml and 50 ml. There are also some non-standard types, for example, a small insulin syringe or a Janet syringe with a volume of 150 ml.

Insulin syringes

These are types of syringes used to inject insulin into the patient's body. The volume of such a syringe is 1 ml. It has a thin and fairly short needle, which makes the administration of the medicine painless. Due to the fact that this medicine is almost always self-administered by patients, this fact is very important.

All types of insulin syringes are marked not only in milliliters, but also in units (units by which insulin is dosed). In all drugs existing today, 1 ml contains 100 units - no more, no less.

These syringes also have a special piston shape that ensures maximum precision when administering the medicine. A standard insulin syringe is marked in increments of 1 unit, a children's syringe is marked in 0.5 or 0.25 unit increments.

Previously, 40-unit syringes were also used, but at the moment they are practically out of use.

To administer insulin, a syringe pen is also often used, since it is easier to do with it. We will consider these types of syringes in more detail later.

Even though the insulin syringe is considered disposable, it can be used several times until the needle wears out.

Syringe Janet

Of all types of medical syringes, this is the largest. Its capacity is 150 ml. The Janet syringe is most often used for washing the cavities of the human body or sucking out liquids, but it can also be used for other purposes. For example, it is sometimes used when administering enemas. Can be used for intra-abdominal, intravenous or intratracheal infusions for which a conventional syringe would be too small.

If you watched “Prisoner of the Caucasus”, you must remember the scene in which Byvaloy is given sleeping pills using the very same Zhanet syringe. You must understand that this is just a movie, and in real life the Janet syringe is not used for such purposes.

Self-locking syringes

Types of disposable syringes that were designed specifically for regular large-scale population immunization programs or for any other injections in large volumes.

Their peculiarity is that reuse of such a syringe is impossible and is mechanically excluded. They are designed in such a way that after the first use the piston is blocked and the syringe can only be thrown away. This is their main advantage over all other disposable types, which can actually be used more than once.

Syringe tube

Medical syringes intended for one-time administration of any drug. Such varieties are usually found in every paramedic's first aid kit. They are completely sterile and already contain the required dose of medication in a sealed container.

The types of syringes, photos of which you will find under the description, do not end with disposable syringes.

Now let's look at reusable models and their varieties.

Reusable syringes

It seemed that in the modern world there was simply no place for such unreliable things as reusable syringes. But no, some types are often used and are completely safe.

Regular reusable syringes

Reusable glass syringes first appeared back in 1857 and they looked almost the same as modern ones. The idea of ​​​​creating a glass syringe belongs to the glass blower Fournier. At the end of the 19th century, a French company bought his idea and immediately introduced glass syringes into practice. It was from that moment that solid reusable syringes became the property of mankind. Even then they were produced in various sizes, from 2 to 100 ml. The syringe of that time had a graduated glass cylinder ending in a cone. There was a piston inside the cylinder. This structure was sterilized by boiling. The glass was thermally resistant and could withstand temperatures up to 200 degrees.

This model was replaced in 1906 by a syringe of the “Record” type, which had a metal needle, a glass cylinder embedded in metal rings on both sides, and a metal piston with rubber rings for sealing.

Sterilized syringes were usually stored in thick brown paper. It was called “craft package”. Reusable needles were included with the syringe. At the time of using these instruments, the injection procedure was indeed very painful, since reusable needles became dull very quickly due to repeated boiling. Before the process itself, the syringes were cleaned with a special wire - a “mandrel”. Pharmacies of that time sold special containers designed for storing instruments.

It’s probably not worth talking about the possibility of transmitting various infections with the help of such syringes.

Fortunately, such designs are no longer used today. Our generation of reusable syringes includes the following types:

Syringe pen

This type of syringe has already been mentioned in the article. With its help, people with diabetes introduce insulin into the body.

This syringe got its name because of its apparent resemblance to a fountain pen. It consists of several parts: the body itself, the cartridge (or with a dose of insulin), a removable needle that fits onto the tip of the cartridge, a piston trigger mechanism, a case and a cap.

Just like an insulin syringe, a pen syringe has a very thin needle to make the procedure less painful. With this device, the procedures become almost invisible, which means a lot for people who inject several times a day.

The difference between this device and an insulin syringe is that the operation is less labor intensive and more convenient.

The dosing mechanism of the pen syringe allows you to accurately administer the required dose of medication. It is advisable to recharge the cartridge once every few days. It only takes a few seconds to change the insulin cartridge.

Some pen syringe models have a removable needle, in which case it must be changed at least once a week. In models where the needle cannot be replaced, it must be sterilized.

The syringe pen is widely used all over the world.

Carpule syringes

Despite the fact that in modern medicine disposable carpule syringes are increasingly used, we still classified them in the “reusable” section.

The carpule syringe is an injection syringe and is mainly used in dentistry. Yes, yes, it is with the help of this metal device with an ampoule and a tiny needle that we are given anesthesia during dental treatment.

Sometimes it is also used to administer other medications.

In 2010, the AERS-MED company patented the first disposable ones. Every year they are only gaining popularity, gradually displacing their predecessors.

Syringe gun

A miracle device for those who are absolutely afraid of injections. It is also called the Kalashnikov syringe, but not because of its similarity with the same machine gun, but because of the name of the person who invented it. The entire mechanism was invented for quick and painless administration of the medicine and is designed for independent use. Everything is very simple: install a 5 ml syringe (pre-filled with medicine) into the device, bring it to the skin and press the trigger.

It is very important that the volume of the syringe used is exactly 5 ml, then it will hold tightly and will not fall out during the process.

The inventor indicates that his mechanism makes the procedure painless and absolutely safe, that is, the needle will hit the target exactly and will not damage anything.

Syringe dart

Types of syringes that are most often used in veterinary medicine. With their help, sick animals are injected with anesthetics or any medications.

Also, this type of syringe is used when hunting wild animals, or when a large animal needs to be euthanized for a while.

There are special veterinary guns; instead of cartridges, they shoot darts containing sleeping pills.

Syringes: types, length of needles for syringes

As you already understand, this article is not only about syringes. The types of syringes and needles for them are closely interrelated. There are two types of medical needles - injection and surgical. We are only interested in the first ones, intended for the introduction or removal of any liquid into/from the body(s). They are hollow inside, and their most important property is absolute sterility.

Hollow needles are classified by point type and caliber. There are 5 main types of points: AS, 2, 3, 4, 5. We will not consider each separately, let us only clarify that in medicine, type 4 needles are most often used, with a point beveled by 10-12 degrees. There are 23 types of needles by caliber, from 33 gauge to 10 gauge. Any can be used in medicine.

Below is a small compatibility table. Syringes (types by volume) are indicated in the left column, and the corresponding needles for them are in the right.

We looked at medical syringes and the needles that are used with them. Without a doubt, an entire article could also be devoted to other types of tools, but in this one we will not focus on them.

A syringe tube is a special device intended for one-time use, or rather the administration of appropriate medications, both intramuscularly and subcutaneously.

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Syringe tube device

The syringe tube consists of a body, which is a plastic vessel with thin walls; a cannula with an injection needle is screwed onto its neck.

At the same time, the needle is absolutely sterile, it is protected by a special cap, and the body itself is filled with a medicinal product and sealed quite hermetically. Therefore, leakage of medications is excluded.

Using a syringe tube

The use of such a syringe tube increases the effectiveness of medicinal substances, especially in combat, field and extreme conditions, since it reduces the time of administration of the drug, is economical and functional.

In order to administer an anesthetic medication, you should take the syringe tube by the body with your right hand, and by the rim of the cannula with your left hand. Next, remove the cap and thereby release the needle. Inject it into the soft tissues of the shoulder, thigh or buttocks. By strongly squeezing the body of the syringe tube, you need to squeeze out the contents and, without unclenching your fingers, remove the needle.

The use of a syringe tube is envisaged for emergency and urgent medical care, during military operations, natural disasters, accidents, and so on. Currently, syringe tubes with different solutions of medications are produced. Depending on the need for certain medications, appropriate devices are used based on the indications.