Sholokhov, the fate of man briefly about the work. Analysis of the story "The Fate of a Man" (M.A

It is not entirely true that only with the advent of a certain age we are literally “covered with a wave of nostalgia” when we hear the melody of youth, or see some attributes of that time. Even a very small child begins to yearn for his favorite toy if someone took it away or hid it. We are all, to some extent, in love with old things, because they keep the spirit of an entire era in themselves. It is not enough for us to read about it in books or on the Internet. We want to have a real antique that you can touch and smell. Just remember your feelings when you picked up a Soviet-era book with slightly yellowed pages exuding a sweetish aroma, especially when turning over them, or when you looked at black and white photographs of your parents or grandparents, those with an uneven white border. By the way, for many, such shots remain the most beloved so far, despite the low quality of such shots. The point here is not in the image, but in that feeling of spiritual warmth that fills us when they come across our eyes.

If in our life there are no “objects from the past” due to endless moving and change of residence, then you can buy antiques in our antique online store. Antique stores are especially popular now, because not everyone has the opportunity to visit such outlets, and they are concentrated mainly only in large cities.

Here you can buy antiques of various subjects

To dot all the "i", it should be said that antique shop is a special institution that carries out the purchase, sale, exchange, restoration and examination of antiques and provides a number of other services related to the sale of antiques.

Antiques are some old things that have a fairly high value. It can be: antique jewelry, appliances, coins, books, interior items, figurines, dishes and more.

However, in a number of countries, different things are considered antiques: in Russia, the status of an “old thing” is given to an object that is already more than 50 years old, and in the USA - objects made before 1830. On the other hand, in each country, different antiques have different values. In China, antique porcelain is of greater value than in Russia or the United States.

In other words, when buying antiques it should be remembered that its price depends on the following characteristics: age, uniqueness of performance, method of manufacture (everyone knows that handmade work is valued much higher than mass production), historical, artistic or cultural value and other reasons.

antique shop- rather risky business. The point is not only the laboriousness of finding the necessary product and the long period of time during which this item will be sold, but also the ability to distinguish a fake from the original.

In addition, an antiques shop must meet a number of standards in order to gain a proper reputation in the market. If we are talking about an antique online store, then it should have a wide range of products presented. If an antiques store exists not only on the World Wide Web, then it must also be large enough for the client to be comfortable wandering between antiques, and, secondly, have a beautiful interior and a pleasant atmosphere.

In our antiques store there are very rare items that can impress even a venerable collector.

Antiques have magical powers: touching them once, you will turn into a big fan of them, antiques will take their rightful place in the interior of your home.

In our online antique store you can buy antiques variety of topics at affordable prices. To facilitate the search, all products are divided into special groups: paintings, icons, rural life, interior items, etc. Also in the catalog you will be able to find old books, postcards, posters, silverware, chinaware and much more.

In addition, in our online antique store you can purchase original gifts, furniture and kitchen utensils that can enliven the interior of your home, make it more refined.

Sale of antiques in Russia, as in many European cities, such as Paris, London and Stockholm, has its own characteristics. First of all, these are high costs for the purchase of antiques, however, the responsibility of the store selling antiques is also quite high, since these things represent a certain material and cultural and historical value.

By purchasing antiques in our store, you can be sure of the authenticity of the purchased items.

Our antique store employs only qualified consultants and appraisers who can easily distinguish the original from fakes.

We strive to make our antique online store interesting for collectors, and for fans of antiquity and for the most ordinary connoisseurs of beauty, who have good taste and know the value of things. Thus, one of our priority areas is the constant expansion of the range, both through dealers and through cooperation with other companies involved in the sale of antiques.

Andrey Sokolov

Spring. Upper Don. The narrator and his friend rode in a carriage drawn by two horses to the village of Bukanovskaya. It was difficult to drive - the snow began to melt, the mud was impassable. And here, near the Mokhovsky farm, the Elanka River. Small in the summer, now it has spilled over a whole kilometer. Together with a driver who has come from nowhere, the narrator swims across the river in some kind of dilapidated boat. The driver drove a Willis car that was parked in a shed to the river, got into the boat and set off back. He promised to return in 2 hours.

The narrator sat down on a fallen wattle fence and wanted to smoke - but the cigarettes got wet during the crossing. So he would be bored for two hours in silence, loneliness, without food, water, drink and smoking - as a man approached him with a child, said hello. The man (this was the protagonist of the further story, Andrey Sokolov) mistook the narrator for a driver - because of a car standing next to him, and came up to talk with a colleague: he himself was a driver, only in a truck. The narrator did not upset the interlocutor, revealing his true profession (which remained unknown to the reader) and lied that the authorities were waiting.

Sokolov replied that he was not in a hurry, but he wanted to smoke a cigarette. Smoking alone is boring. Seeing the cigarettes laid out to dry, he treated the narrator to his own tobacco.

They smoked and talked. The narrator was embarrassed because of the petty deceit, so he listened more, and Sokolov spoke.
Pre-war life of Sokolov

At first, my life was ordinary. I myself am a native of the Voronezh province, born in 1900. During the civil war he was in the Red Army, in the Kikvidze division. In the hungry twenty-second year, he went to the Kuban, to fight the kulaks, and therefore survived. And the father, mother and sister died of hunger at home. One left. Rodney - even a rolling ball - nowhere, no one, not a single soul. Well, a year later he returned from the Kuban, sold the hut, went to Voronezh. At first he worked in a carpenter's artel, then he went to the factory, learned to be a locksmith. He soon got married. The wife was brought up in an orphanage. Orphan. I got a good girl! Humble cheerful, obsequious and clever, not like me. She learned from childhood how much a pound is worth, maybe this affected her character. To look from the side - she was not so prominent from herself, but after all, I did not look at her from the side, but point-blank. And it was not more beautiful and desirable for me, it was not in the world and will not be!

You come home from work tired, and sometimes angry as hell. No, she will not be rude to you in response to a rude word. Affectionate, quiet, does not know where to seat you, beats to prepare a sweet piece for you even with a small income. You look at her and move away with your heart, and after a while you hug her a little, you say: “I'm sorry, dear Irinka, I got rude to you. You see, I have not been able to work with my work today. ” And again we have peace, and I have peace of mind.

Then he told again about his wife, how she loved him and did not reproach him even when he had to drink too much with his comrades. But soon their children were born - a son, and then - two daughters. Then the drinking was over - except that he allowed himself a mug of beer on the day off.

In 1929, his cars were carried away. He became a truck driver. He lived for himself and lived well. And then there is the war.
War and captivity

The whole family accompanied him to the front. The children controlled themselves, but the wife was very upset - the last time they say we see each other, Andryusha ... In general, it’s so sickening, and then the wife is burying her alive. Disappointed, he left for the front.

He was also a driver during the war. Twice lightly wounded.

In May 1942, he ended up near Lozovenki. The Germans went on the offensive, and he volunteered to the front line to carry ammunition to our artillery battery. I didn’t bring the ammunition - the shell fell very close, the blast wave turned the car over. Sokolov lost consciousness. When I woke up, I realized that I was behind enemy lines: the battle was thundering somewhere behind, and tanks were moving past. Pretended to be dead. When he decided that everyone had passed, he raised his head and saw six fascists with machine guns walking straight towards him. There was nowhere to hide, so I decided to die with dignity - I got up, although I could barely stand on my feet - and looked at them. One of the soldiers wanted to shoot him - but the other held him back. They took off Sokolov's boots and sent him on foot to the west.

After some time, a column of prisoners from the same division that he himself caught up with Sokolov, who was barely walking. Moved on with them.

We spent the night in the church. During the night, 3 noteworthy events happened:

a) A certain person, who introduced himself as a military doctor, set Sokolov's arm, which had been dislocated during a fall from a truck, was set.

b) Sokolov saved from death an unfamiliar platoon leader, whom, as a communist, his colleague Kryzhnev was going to extradite to the Nazis. Sokolov strangled the traitor.

c) The Nazis shot dead a believer who bothered them with requests to be let out of the church for a visit to the toilet.

The next morning they began to ask - who is the commander, commissar, communist. There were no traitors, so the communists, commissars and commanders remained alive. They shot a Jew (perhaps it was a military doctor - at least that's how it is presented in the film) and three Russians who looked like Jews. They drove the prisoners further west.

All the way to Poznan, Sokolov thought about escaping. Finally, an opportunity presented itself: the prisoners were sent to dig graves, the guards were distracted - and he pulled to the east. On the fourth day, the Nazis with sheepdogs caught up with him, Sokolov's dogs almost bit him. He was kept in a punishment cell for a month, then sent to Germany.

“Where they just didn’t drive me for two years of captivity! I traveled around half of Germany during this time: I was in Saxony, I worked at a silicate plant, and in the Ruhr region I rolled coal in a mine, and in Bavaria I made a hump in earthworks, and I stayed in Thuringia, and hell, where just didn’t have to in German to be like the earth"
Close to death

In camp B-14 near Dresden, Sokolov and others worked in a stone quarry. He managed to come back one day after work to say, in the barracks, among other prisoners:

They need four cubic meters of output, and for the grave of each of us, even one cubic meter through the eyes is enough

Someone informed the authorities about these words and summoned him to the commandant of the camp Muller. Müller knew Russian perfectly, so he communicated with Sokolov without an interpreter.

“I will do you a great honor, now I will personally shoot you for these words. It’s uncomfortable here, let’s go to the yard, and you’ll sign there.” “Your will,” I tell him. He stood for a moment, thought, and then threw the pistol on the table and poured a full glass of schnapps, took a piece of bread, put a slice of bacon on it and gave it all to me and said: “Before you die, drink, Russ Ivan, for the victory of German weapons.”

I put the glass on the table, put down the appetizer and said: “Thank you for the treat, but I am a non-drinker.” He smiles: “Do you want to drink to our victory? In that case, drink to your death." What did I have to lose? “I will drink to my death and deliverance from torment,” I tell him. With that, he took a glass and poured it into himself in two gulps, but did not touch the snack, politely wiped his lips with his palm and said: “Thank you for the treat. I'm ready, Herr Kommandant, let's go and paint me."

But he looks attentively like that and says: "At least have a bite before you die." I answer him: “I don’t have a snack after the first glass.” He pours a second one and gives it to me. I drank the second one, and again I don’t touch the snack, I beat for courage, I think: “At least I’ll get drunk before I go into the yard, part with my life.” The commandant raised his white eyebrows high and asked: “Why don’t you have a snack, Russ Ivan? Do not be shy!" And I told him mine: "Excuse me, Herr Kommandant, I'm not used to having a snack even after the second glass." He puffed out his cheeks, snorted, and then how he burst out laughing and through laughter something quickly speaks in German: apparently, he is translating my words to his friends. They also laughed, moved their chairs, turned their muzzles towards me and already, I notice, they look at me somehow differently, kind of softer.

The commandant pours me a third glass, and my hands are shaking with laughter. I drank this glass at a stretch, bit off a small piece of bread, put the rest on the table. I wanted to show them, damned ones, that although I’m dying of hunger, I’m not going to choke on their sop, that I have my own, Russian dignity and pride, and that they didn’t turn me into a beast, no matter how hard they tried.

After that, the commandant became serious in appearance, adjusted the two iron crosses on his chest, left the table unarmed and said: “That's it, Sokolov, you are a real Russian soldier. You are a brave soldier. I am also a soldier and respect worthy opponents. I won't shoot you. In addition, today our valiant troops reached the Volga and completely captured Stalingrad. This is a great joy for us, and therefore I generously give you life. Go to your block, and this is for your courage, ”and he gives me a small loaf of bread and a piece of lard from the table.

Kharchi divided Sokolov with his comrades - all equally.
Release from captivity

In 1944, Sokolov was appointed as a driver. He drove a German major-engineer. He treated him well, sometimes sharing food.

On the morning of the twenty-ninth of June, my major orders me to take him out of town, in the direction of Trosnitsa. There he supervised the construction of fortifications. We left.

On the way, Sokolov stunned the major, took the pistol and drove the car straight to where the earth was buzzing, where the battle was going on.

Submachine gunners jumped out of the dugout, and I deliberately slowed down so that they could see that the major was coming. But they raised a cry, waving their hands, they say, you can’t go there, but I didn’t seem to understand, threw in the gas and went to all eighty. Until they came to their senses and began to hit the car with machine guns, and I was already winding in no man's land between the funnels no worse than a hare.

Here the Germans were beating me from behind, but here they outlined their own, scribbling towards me from machine guns. In four places, the windshield was pierced, the radiator was pierced with bullets ... But now there was a forest above the lake, our people were running to the car, and I jumped into this forest, opened the door, fell to the ground and kissed it, and I had nothing to breathe ...

Sokolov was sent to the hospital for treatment and food. In the hospital, I immediately wrote a letter to my wife. Two weeks later I received a reply from my neighbor Ivan Timofeevich. In June 1942, a bomb hit his house, his wife and both daughters were killed.

Andrey Sokolov

Spring. Upper Don. The narrator and his friend rode in a carriage drawn by two horses to the village of Bukanovskaya. It was difficult to drive - the snow began to melt, the mud was impassable. And here, near the Mokhovsky farm, the Elanka River. Small in the summer, now it has spilled over a whole kilometer. Together with a driver who has come from nowhere, the narrator swims across the river in some dilapidated boat. The driver drove a Willis car that was parked in a shed to the river, got into the boat and set off back. He promised to return in two hours.

The narrator sat down on a fallen wattle fence and wanted to smoke - but the cigarettes got wet during the crossing. So he would be bored for two hours in silence, loneliness, without food, water, drink and smoking - as a man approached him with a child, said hello. The man (this was the protagonist of the further story, Andrey Sokolov) mistook the narrator for a driver - because of a car standing next to him, and came up to talk with a colleague: he himself was a driver, only in a truck. The narrator did not upset the interlocutor, revealing his true profession (which remained unknown to the reader) and lied that the authorities were waiting.

Sokolov replied that he was not in a hurry, but he wanted to smoke a cigarette. Smoking alone is boring. Seeing the cigarettes laid out to dry, he treated the narrator to his own tobacco.

They smoked and talked. The narrator was embarrassed because of the petty deceit, so he listened more, and Sokolov spoke.

Pre-war life of Sokolov

At first, my life was ordinary. I myself am a native of the Voronezh province, born in 1900. During the civil war he was in the Red Army, in the Kikvidze division. In the hungry twenty-second year, he went to the Kuban, to fight the kulaks, and therefore survived. And the father, mother and sister died of hunger at home. One left. Rodney - even a rolling ball - nowhere, no one, not a single soul. Well, a year later he returned from the Kuban, sold the hut, went to Voronezh. At first he worked in a carpenter's artel, then he went to the factory, learned to be a locksmith. He soon got married. The wife was brought up in an orphanage. Orphan. I got a good girl! Humble cheerful, obsequious and clever, not like me. She learned from childhood how much a pound is worth, maybe this affected her character. To look from the side - she was not so prominent from herself, but after all, I did not look at her from the side, but point-blank. And it was not more beautiful and desirable for me, it was not in the world and will not be!

You come home from work tired, and sometimes angry as hell. No, she will not be rude to you in response to a rude word. Affectionate, quiet, does not know where to seat you, beats to prepare a sweet piece for you even with a small income. You look at her and move away with your heart, and after a while you hug her a little, you say: “I'm sorry, dear Irinka, I got rude to you. You see, I have not been able to work with my work today. ” And again we have peace, and I have peace of mind.

Then he again told about his wife, how she loved him and did not reproach him even when he had to drink too much with his comrades. But soon their children were born - a son, and then - two daughters. Then the drinking was over - except that he allowed himself a mug of beer on the day off.

In 1929, his cars were carried away. He became a truck driver. He lived for himself and lived well. And then there is the war.

War and captivity

The whole family accompanied him to the front. The children controlled themselves, but the wife was very upset - the last time they say we see each other, Andryusha ... In general, it’s so sickening, and then the wife is burying her alive. Disappointed, he left for the front.

He was also a driver during the war. Twice lightly wounded.

In May 1942, he ended up near Lozovenki. The Germans went on the offensive, and he volunteered to the front line to carry ammunition to our artillery battery. I didn’t bring the ammunition - the shell fell very close, the blast wave turned the car over. Sokolov lost consciousness. When I woke up, I realized that I was behind enemy lines: the battle was thundering somewhere behind, and tanks were moving past. Pretended to be dead. When he decided that everyone had passed, he raised his head and saw six fascists with machine guns walking straight towards him. There was nowhere to hide, so I decided to die with dignity - I got up, although I could barely stand on my feet - and looked at them. One of the soldiers wanted to shoot him - but the other held him back. They took off Sokolov's boots and sent him on foot to the west.

After some time, a column of prisoners from the same division that he himself caught up with Sokolov, who was barely walking. Moved on with them.

We spent the night in the church. During the night, 3 noteworthy events happened:

a) A certain person, who introduced himself as a military doctor, set Sokolov's arm, which had been dislocated during a fall from a truck, was set.

b) Sokolov saved from death an unfamiliar platoon leader, whom, as a communist, his colleague Kryzhnev was going to extradite to the Nazis. Sokolov strangled the traitor.

c) The Nazis shot dead a believer who bothered them with requests to be let out of the church for a visit to the toilet.

The next morning they began to ask - who is the commander, commissar, communist. There were no traitors, so the communists, commissars and commanders remained alive. They shot a Jew (perhaps it was a military doctor - at least in the film it is so presented) and three Russians who looked like Jews. They drove the prisoners further west.

All the way to Poznan, Sokolov thought about escaping. Finally, an opportunity presented itself: the prisoners were sent to dig graves, the guards were distracted - and he pulled to the east. On the fourth day, the Nazis with sheepdogs caught up with him, Sokolov's dogs almost bit him. He was kept in a punishment cell for a month, then sent to Germany.

“Where they just didn’t drive me for two years of captivity! I traveled around half of Germany during this time: I was in Saxony, I worked at a silicate plant, and in the Ruhr region I rolled coal in a mine, and in Bavaria I made a hump in earthworks, and I stayed in Thuringia, and hell, where just didn’t have to in German to be like the earth"

Close to death

In camp B-14 near Dresden, Sokolov and others worked in a stone quarry. He managed to come back one day after work to say, in the barracks, among other prisoners: "They need four cubic meters of production, but for each of us one cubic meter through the eyes is enough for the grave."

Someone informed the authorities about these words and summoned him to the commandant of the camp Muller. Müller knew Russian perfectly, so he communicated with Sokolov without an interpreter.

“I will do you a great honor, now I will personally shoot you for these words. It’s uncomfortable here, let’s go to the yard, and you’ll sign there.” “Your will,” I tell him. He stood for a moment, thought, and then threw the pistol on the table and poured a full glass of schnapps, took a piece of bread, put a slice of bacon on it and gave it all to me and said: “Before you die, drink, Russ Ivan, for the victory of German weapons.”

I put the glass on the table, put down the appetizer and said: “Thank you for the treat, but I am a non-drinker.” He smiles: “Do you want to drink to our victory? In that case, drink to your death." What did I have to lose? “I will drink to my death and deliverance from torment,” I tell him. With that, he took a glass and poured it into himself in two gulps, but did not touch the snack, politely wiped his lips with his palm and said: “Thank you for the treat. I'm ready, Herr Kommandant, let's go and paint me."

But he looks attentively like that and says: "At least have a bite before you die." I answer him: “I don’t have a snack after the first glass.” He pours a second one and gives it to me. I drank the second one, and again I don’t touch the snack, I beat for courage, I think: “At least I’ll get drunk before I go into the yard, part with my life.” The commandant raised his white eyebrows high and asked: “Why don’t you have a snack, Russ Ivan? Do not be shy!" And I told him mine: "Excuse me, Herr Kommandant, I'm not used to having a snack even after the second glass." He puffed out his cheeks, snorted, and then how he burst out laughing and through laughter something quickly speaks in German: apparently, he is translating my words to his friends. They also laughed, moved their chairs, turned their muzzles towards me and already, I notice, they look at me somehow differently, kind of softer.

The commandant pours me a third glass, and my hands are shaking with laughter. I drank this glass at a stretch, bit off a small piece of bread, put the rest on the table. I wanted to show them, damned ones, that although I’m dying of hunger, I’m not going to choke on their sop, that I have my own, Russian dignity and pride, and that they didn’t turn me into a beast, no matter how hard they tried.

After that, the commandant became serious in appearance, adjusted the two iron crosses on his chest, left the table unarmed and said: “That's it, Sokolov, you are a real Russian soldier. You are a brave soldier. I am also a soldier and respect worthy opponents. I won't shoot you. In addition, today our valiant troops reached the Volga and completely captured Stalingrad. This is a great joy for us, and therefore I generously give you life. Go to your block, and this is for your courage, ”and he gives me a small loaf of bread and a piece of lard from the table.

Kharchi divided Sokolov with his comrades - all equally.

Release from captivity

In 1944, Sokolov was appointed as a driver. He drove a German major-engineer. He treated him well, sometimes sharing food.

On the morning of the twenty-ninth of June, my major orders me to take him out of town, in the direction of Trosnitsa. There he supervised the construction of fortifications. We left.

On the way, Sokolov stunned the major, took the pistol and drove the car straight to where the earth was buzzing, where the battle was going on.

Submachine gunners jumped out of the dugout, and I deliberately slowed down so that they could see that the major was coming. But they raised a cry, waving their hands, they say, you can’t go there, but I didn’t seem to understand, threw in the gas and went to all eighty. Until they came to their senses and began to hit the car with machine guns, and I was already winding in no man's land between the funnels no worse than a hare.

Here the Germans were beating me from behind, but here they outlined their own, scribbling towards me from machine guns. In four places, the windshield was pierced, the radiator was pierced with bullets ... But now there was a forest above the lake, our people were running to the car, and I jumped into this forest, opened the door, fell to the ground and kissed it, and I had nothing to breathe ...

Sokolov was sent to the hospital for treatment and food. In the hospital, I immediately wrote a letter to my wife. Two weeks later I received a reply from my neighbor Ivan Timofeevich. In June 1942, a bomb hit his house, his wife and both daughters were killed. The son was not at home. Upon learning of the death of his relatives, he volunteered for the front.

Sokolov was discharged from the hospital and received a month's leave. A week later I got to Voronezh. I looked at the funnel at the place where his house was - and on the same day I went to the station. Back to division.

Son Anatoly

But three months later, joy flashed to me, like the sun from behind a cloud: Anatoly was found. He sent me a letter to the front, you see, from another front. I learned my address from a neighbor, Ivan Timofeevich. It turns out that he first got into an artillery school; it was there that his talents for mathematics came in handy. A year later, he graduated from college with honors, went to the front, and now he writes that he received the rank of captain, commands a forty-five battery, has six orders and medals.

After the war

Andrei was demobilized. Where to go? I did not want to go to Voronezh.

I remembered that my friend lives in Uryupinsk, demobilized in the winter due to injury - he once invited me to his place - he remembered and went to Uryupinsk.

My friend and his wife were childless, they lived in their own house on the edge of the city. Although he had a disability, he worked as a driver in an autorot, and I got a job there too. I settled with a friend, they sheltered me.

Near the tea-room he met a homeless boy Vanya. His mother died during an air raid (during the evacuation, probably), his father died at the front. Once, on the way to the elevator, Sokolov took Vanyushka with him and told him that he was his father. The boy believed and was very happy. Adopted Vanyushka. A friend's wife helped look after the child.

Maybe we would have lived with him for another year in Uryupinsk, but in November a sin happened to me: I was driving through mud, in one farm my car skidded, and then the cow turned up, and I knocked her down. Well, a well-known case, the women raised a cry, the people fled, and the traffic inspector was right there. He took away my driver's book, no matter how I asked him to have mercy. The cow got up, lifted her tail and went galloping along the alleys, but I lost my book. I worked for the winter as a carpenter, and then I wrote to a friend, also a colleague - he works as a driver in your region, in the Kashar district, - and he invited me to his place. He writes that, they say, you will work for six months in the carpentry department, and there in our region they will give you a new book. So my son and I are sent to Kashara on a marching order.

Yes, it is, how can I tell you, and if this accident with a cow had not happened to me, I would still have moved from Uryupinsk. Longing does not allow me to stay in one place for a long time. Now, when my Vanyushka grows up and I have to send him to school, then maybe I will calm down, settle in one place.

Then a boat came and the narrator said goodbye to his unexpected acquaintance. And he began to think about the story he had heard.

Two orphaned people, two grains of sand thrown into foreign lands by a military hurricane of unprecedented strength... Is something waiting for them ahead? And I would like to think that this Russian man, a man of unbending will, will survive and grow up near his father’s shoulder, one who, having matured, will be able to endure everything, overcome everything in his path, if his Motherland calls him to this.

With heavy sadness, I looked after them ... Maybe everything would have worked out well with our parting, but Vanyushka, moving a few steps away and braiding his stubby legs, turned to face me as he walked, waved his pink little hand. And suddenly, like a soft, but clawed paw, squeezed my heart, and I hastily turned away. No, it’s not only in a dream that elderly men who have turned gray during the war years cry. They are crying for real. The main thing here is to be able to turn away in time. The most important thing here is not to hurt the heart of the child, so that he does not see how a burning and stingy male tear runs down your cheek ...

"The Fate of a Man" is a wonderful story by a famous Soviet writer, which was created in 1956. For the first time, the work was published in the Pravda newspaper and immediately aroused increased interest among a wide range of readers.

It is interesting! On the basis of this story in 1959, film director S. Bondarchuk made a feature film in which he played the role of the main character.

The plot of the work is based on the real story of an acquaintance of Sholokhov, a front-line soldier, whom the author met in 1946 during a hunt.

After 10 years, in just a week, a story was written, which describes in detail the tragic fate of a Soviet man who lived in difficult times.

It is not known why Sholokhov nurtured the idea of ​​writing a story for so long, but, according to the author himself, he remembered this sad story after reading one of Hemingway's works.

Summary of chapters

For those who do not have enough free time, it is proposed to read the summary of the story "The Fate of a Man" in as much detail as possible in chapters.

Chapter one

It was spring outside. The narrator, together with his friend, went to the village of Bukanovskaya in a wagon drawn by two horses. The small rivulet overflowed very strongly, so the horse-drawn transport made its way through the spring thaw with difficulty.

To get to the other side of the river, the narrator had to cross the river in a dilapidated boat. When he arrived, the man wanted to smoke, but the cigarettes were completely wet. There was also no food or drink.

So the narrator would have waited all day, if at that moment a man had not appeared from somewhere.

The driver Andrei Sokolov mistook the narrator for the same driver and decided to talk to a colleague.

The man did not begin to report about his real profession and said only that his leadership was waiting on the river bank.

Andrei Sokolov saw that the narrator was drying wet cigarettes. One Sokolov was bored with smoking, and he treated his interlocutor to his tobacco.

The men lit cigarettes and started talking, but embarrassed by his petty deceit, the narrator listened more than talking about himself. Thus began their acquaintance.

Chapter Two

Andrei Sokolov spoke about his life. The man was originally from the Voronezh province, and was born back in 1900. During the Civil War, he fought against the "whites" in the ranks of the Kikvidze detachment on the side of the Red Army.

When the hungry year of 1922 came, I had to go to the south of Russia in order to somehow survive. There Andrei Sokolov worked for the kulaks. Mother and sister died of starvation without waiting for it.

After returning to his native village, Andrei Sokolov sold the house, and then went to live in Voronezh.

He got a job there in a workshop as a carpenter, then went to study as a locksmith and worked in his specialty at a factory. He immediately married the orphan Irinka, who grew up in an orphanage and knew the value of a family.

Irinka was a very caring, gentle and affectionate wife, she did not raise her voice to her husband even in those situations when Sokolov and his comrades got pretty drunk after work.

But with the birth of a son and two daughters, the man completely tied up with alcohol.

Just like everyone else, Andrei Sokolov lived the simple life of a Soviet man, raised children, loved his wife. In 1929, he retrained as a driver and moved to the position of a truck driver. Everything was fine with him, everything went well, but then the war began.

Chapter Three

Andrei Sokolov was gathered to the front by his whole friendly family.

The children were restrained, silently looked at their father, and the wife wept and said that she probably would not see him again.

Sokolov ordered his wife not to bury him alive and left to fight. He served as a driver in the division.

In the very first months of hostilities, he received two minor wounds, and when their formations fought near Lozovenki, he came under artillery fire.

The ammunition truck overturned, and Sokolov himself received a severe concussion.

Sokolov was captured by the Germans, who took off his boots and forced him to walk to the location of the unit. Some time later, barely alive, Sokolov was caught up with his own colleagues. All together, the captured soldiers continued to march under escort. We spent the night in an old church.

Three major events happened that night:

• the Germans shot a believer who kept asking to be let out to the toilet, and thereby annoyed the Nazis;
• a stranger, who was also taken prisoner, introduced himself as a military doctor and set his dislocated arm back;
• Sokolov strangled the soldier Kryzhnev, who was going to extradite a captured private who is a communist.

All the way to Poznan, Andrei Sokolov dreamed of escaping.

Soon the Germans shot one Jew and three more Russians, who, according to the Nazis, had a Jewish appearance.

Sokolov was sent to dig graves. Andrei took the opportunity and gave up.

On the fourth day, the Nazis caught up with the man, and the service dogs almost gnawed him to death. Then there was a month of punishment cell and forced labor throughout Germany.

Chapter Four

Once a man made a mistake, saying that for a full-fledged production, everyone must get at least 4 cubes of stone per day, and for each worker, one cube is enough for a grave. Someone reported these words to commandant Müller, who immediately called him in for questioning.

The fascist threatened to shoot Sokolov, but Andrei did not flinch. He said to take them out and shoot.

Then the German poured a glass of vodka to the prisoner and put bread with a delicious piece of bacon on top. “Drink to the victory of great Germany,” Fritz said to Sokolov.

But Andrei refused and replied that he did not drink alcohol. After that, the fascist offered him a drink for the fact that he was now being painted in the backyard.

Sokolov emptied his glass in two sharp gulps. On the offer to have a bite of bacon and bread, he replied that he did not have a bite when he drank the first glass.

Then the German poured a second glass. Sokolov drank, also without eating a single piece of bread. The Nazi filled the glass for the third time. Andrei drank in a stretch, and then broke off some bread and had a bite. Salo was not touched.

The Germans present in the room, and Muller himself, were delighted with the courage of the Soviet soldier, who did not give up in the face of death and, despite all the humiliations, retained his own dignity. For this, the commandant gave the prisoner a loaf of bread and a piece of bacon, which Andrei Sokolov divided equally.

Chapter Five

In 1944, Sokolov, as an experienced driver, was appointed as a driver by a German officer who served in the engineering troops. He treated the prisoner well, and sometimes even treated them to food.

On the morning of July 29, the fascist ordered Sokolov to take him outside the city, where military fortifications were being built under his command. Sokolov took advantage of the moment, stunned the Fritz and drove towards the front line. The prisoner of war was between two firing lines.

Following the fugitive, the Nazis fired, and in front of them, their Soviet troops were already firing from machine guns. Sokolov turned towards the wood, stopped the car and fell to the ground.

The air in the chest was intercepted, and the whole car was pierced through with bullets. He was approached by Soviet soldiers who picked up Andrei and then sent him to the hospital for treatment.

While in the medical unit, the man wrote a letter home, the answer to which came from grandfather Ivan from a neighboring house.

It said that during an air raid the house was completely destroyed and at that moment almost all of his relatives were in it. Only the son survived, who was absent and did not suffer from the shell. Upon learning of what had happened, the son enrolled in the ranks of volunteers and went to fight.

After being discharged from the hospital, Sokolov went to Voronezh to see the house with his own eyes. In the place where their housing used to be, only a depression in the ground, formed after the explosion, remained. After that, the soldier immediately returned to the division.

Chapter Six

After 3 months, good news came to Andrey. Sokolov's son Anatoly was alive and sent a letter to his father.

Immediately after the mobilization, Anatoly was sent to an artillery school. The guy graduated from an educational institution with honors and now commands a battery.

The command of Sokolov Jr. has already been awarded the rank of captain.

The joy of Andrei Sokolov did not last long, since on May 9, 1945, a German sniper shot his son.

Chapter Seven

After the end of the war, Andrei Sokolov, like most men, was demobilized. The man did not know what to do next, how to live. The idea came to him to go to Uryupinsk. His old friend lived in this city. He and his wife did not have children, so Andrei decided that he would not burden them much.

In a tea shop near the station I met a boy named Vanya. The boy was such an orphan. They became friends and together went to a former colleague.

Andrey Sokolov adopted Vanyushka. Then he got a job as a truck driver, and accidentally hit a cow during working hours.

For this, the inspector took away Sokolov's driver's license.

After that, Sokolov decided to move to another region, to the city of Kashara, about which he had long spoken with his comrade-in-arms.

There, a man can get a new driver's book and work on a truck again. Andrei, together with Vanyushka, went to Kashary.

The narrator listened with a heavy heart to this whole brief retelling of the life of Andrei Sokolov.

Suddenly a boat approached, and the man had to go further, and the tired Sokolov and the adopted boy went on their way to Kashara.

In the soul of the narrator there was a warm hope that next to such a courageous Soviet man from Vanyushka a real defender of his Motherland would definitely grow up.

Useful video

Summing up

Also, the plot of this work can be read on the briefli website or Wikipedia. Regardless of the source on which the story is told, the story will not leave any reader indifferent.

Mikhail Aleksandrovich Sholokhov

"Destiny of Man"

Andrey Sokolov

Spring. Upper Don. The narrator and his friend rode in a carriage drawn by two horses to the village of Bukanovskaya. It was difficult to drive - the snow began to melt, the mud was impassable. And here, near the Mokhovsky farm, the Elanka River. Small in the summer, now it has spilled over a whole kilometer. Together with a driver who has come from nowhere, the narrator swims across the river in some dilapidated boat. The driver drove a Willis car that was standing in a barn to the river, got into the boat and went back. He promised to return in two hours.

The narrator sat down on a fallen wattle fence and wanted to smoke, but the cigarettes got wet during the crossing. It would be so boring for him for two hours in silence, loneliness, without food, water, drink and smoke - as a man approached him with a child, said hello. The man (this was the main character of the further story, Andrei Sokolov) mistook the narrator for a driver - because of a car standing next to him, and came up to talk with a colleague: he himself was a driver, only in a truck. The narrator did not upset the interlocutor, revealing his true profession (which remained unknown to the reader) and lied that the authorities were waiting.

Sokolov replied that he was not in a hurry, but he wanted to smoke a cigarette. Smoking alone is boring. Seeing the cigarettes laid out to dry, he treated the narrator to his own tobacco.

They smoked and talked. The narrator was embarrassed because of the petty deceit, so he listened more, and Sokolov spoke.

Pre-war life of Sokolov

“At first, my life was normal. I myself am a native of the Voronezh province, born in 1900. During the civil war he was in the Red Army, in the Kikvidze division. In the hungry twenty-second year, he went to the Kuban, to fight the kulaks, and therefore survived. And the father, mother and sister died of hunger at home. One left. Rodney - even a rolling ball - nowhere, no one, not a single soul. Well, a year later he returned from the Kuban, sold the hut, went to Voronezh. At first he worked in a carpenter's artel, then he went to the factory, learned to be a locksmith. He soon got married. The wife was brought up in an orphanage. Orphan. I got a good girl! Humble cheerful, obsequious and clever, not like me. From childhood, she learned how much a pound is worth, maybe this affected her character. To look from the side - she was not so prominent from herself, but after all, I did not look at her from the side, but point-blank. And it was not more beautiful and desirable for me, it was not in the world and will not be!

You come home from work tired, and sometimes angry as hell. No, she will not be rude to you in response to a rude word. Affectionate, quiet, does not know where to seat you, beats to prepare a sweet piece for you even with a small income. You look at her and move away with your heart, and after a little hug her, you say: “I'm sorry, dear Irinka, I got rude to you. You see, I have not been able to work with my work today. ” And again we have peace, and I have peace of mind.

Then he told again about his wife, how she loved him and did not reproach him even when he had to drink too much with his comrades. But soon they had children - a son, and then - two daughters. Then the drinking was over - except that he allowed himself a mug of beer on the day off.

In 1929, his cars were carried away. He became a truck driver. He lived for himself and lived well. And then there is the war.

War and captivity

The whole family accompanied him to the front. The children kept themselves in control, but the wife was very upset - the last time they say we see each other, Andryusha ... In general, it’s already so sickening, and then the wife is burying her alive. Disappointed, he left for the front.

He was also a driver during the war. Twice lightly wounded.

In May 1942, he ended up near Lozovenki. The Germans went on the offensive, and he volunteered to the front line to carry ammunition to our artillery battery. I didn’t bring the ammunition - the shell fell very close, the blast wave turned the car over. Sokolov lost consciousness. When I woke up, I realized that I was behind enemy lines: the battle was thundering somewhere behind, and tanks were moving past. Pretended to be dead. When he decided that everyone had passed, he raised his head and saw six fascists with machine guns walking straight towards him. There was nowhere to hide, so I decided to die with dignity - I got up, although I could hardly stand on my feet - and looked at them. One of the soldiers wanted to shoot him, but the other stopped him. They took off Sokolov's boots and sent him on foot to the west.

After some time, a column of prisoners from the same division that he himself caught up with Sokolov, who was barely walking. Moved on with them.

We spent the night in the church. During the night, 3 noteworthy events happened:

a) A certain person, who introduced himself as a military doctor, set Sokolov's arm, which had been dislocated during a fall from a truck, was set.

b) Sokolov saved from death an unfamiliar platoon leader, whom, as a communist, his colleague Kryzhnev was going to extradite to the Nazis. Sokolov strangled the traitor.

c) The Nazis shot dead a believer who bothered them with requests to be let out of the church for a visit to the toilet.

The next morning they began to ask - who is the commander, commissar, communist. There were no traitors, so the communists, commissars and commanders remained alive. They shot a Jew (perhaps it was a military doctor - at least in the film the case is so presented) and three Russians who looked like Jews. They drove the prisoners further west.

All the way to Poznan, Sokolov thought about escaping. Finally, an opportunity presented itself: the prisoners were sent to dig graves, the guards were distracted - and he pulled to the east. On the fourth day, the Nazis with sheepdogs caught up with him, Sokolov's dogs almost bit him. He was kept in a punishment cell for a month, then sent to Germany.

“Where they just didn’t drive me for two years of captivity! I traveled around half of Germany during this time: I was in Saxony, I worked at a silicate plant, and in the Ruhr region I rolled coal in a mine, and in Bavaria I made a hump in earthworks, and I stayed in Thuringia, and hell, where just didn’t have to in German to be like the earth"

Close to death

In camp B-14 near Dresden, Sokolov and others worked in a stone quarry. He managed to come back one day after work to say, in the barracks, among other prisoners: "They need four cubic meters of production, but for each of us one cubic meter through the eyes is enough for the grave."

Someone informed the authorities about these words and summoned him to the commandant of the camp Muller. Müller knew Russian perfectly, so he communicated with Sokolov without an interpreter.

“I will do you a great honor, now I will personally shoot you for these words. It’s uncomfortable here, let’s go to the yard, and you’ll sign there.” “Your choice,” I tell him. He stood for a moment, thought, and then threw the gun on the table and poured a full glass of schnapps, took a piece of bread, put a slice of bacon on it and gave it all to me and said: “Before you die, drink, Russ Ivan, for the victory of German weapons.”

I put the glass on the table, put down the appetizer and said: “Thank you for the treat, but I am a non-drinker.” He smiles: “Do you want to drink to our victory? In that case, drink to your death." What did I have to lose? “I will drink to my death and deliverance from torment,” I tell him. With that, he took a glass and poured it into himself in two gulps, but did not touch the snack, politely wiped his lips with his palm and said: “Thank you for the treat. I'm ready, Herr Kommandant, let's go and paint me."

But he looks attentively like that and says: "At least have a bite before you die." I answer him: “I don’t have a snack after the first glass.” He pours a second one and gives it to me. I drank the second one, and again I don’t touch the snack, I beat for courage, I think: “At least I’ll get drunk before I go into the yard, part with my life.” The commandant raised his white eyebrows high and asked: “Why don’t you have a snack, Russ Ivan? Do not be shy!" And I told him mine: “Excuse me, Herr Commandant, I’m not used to having a snack even after the second glass.” He puffed out his cheeks, snorted, and then how he burst out laughing and through laughter something quickly speaks in German: apparently, he is translating my words to his friends. They also laughed, moved their chairs, turned their muzzles towards me and already, I notice, they look at me somehow differently, kind of softer.

The commandant pours me a third glass, and my hands are shaking with laughter. I drank this glass at a stretch, bit off a small piece of bread, put the rest on the table. I wanted to show them, damned, that although I’m dying of hunger, I’m not going to choke on their sop, that I have my own, Russian dignity and pride, and that they didn’t turn me into a beast, no matter how hard they tried.

After that, the commandant became serious in appearance, straightened the two iron crosses on his chest, left the table unarmed and said: “That's it, Sokolov, you are a real Russian soldier. You are a brave soldier. I am also a soldier and respect worthy opponents. I won't shoot you. In addition, today our valiant troops reached the Volga and completely captured Stalingrad. This is a great joy for us, and therefore I generously give you life. Go to your block, and this is for your courage, ”and he gives me a small loaf of bread and a piece of lard from the table.

Kharchi divided Sokolov with his comrades - all equally.

Release from captivity

In 1944, Sokolov was appointed as a driver. He drove a German major-engineer. He treated him well, sometimes sharing food.

On the morning of the twenty-ninth of June, my major orders me to take him out of town, in the direction of Trosnitsa. There he supervised the construction of fortifications. We left.

On the way, Sokolov stunned the major, took the pistol and drove the car straight to where the earth was buzzing, where the battle was going on.

Submachine gunners jumped out of the dugout, and I deliberately slowed down so that they could see that the major was coming. But they raised a cry, waving their hands, they say, you can’t go there, but I didn’t seem to understand, threw in the gas and went to all eighty. Until they came to their senses and began to hit the car with machine guns, and I was already winding in no man's land between the funnels no worse than a hare.

Here the Germans were beating me from behind, but here they outlined their own, scribbling towards me from machine guns. In four places, the windshield was pierced, the radiator was pierced with bullets ... But now there was a forest above the lake, our people were running to the car, and I jumped into this forest, opened the door, fell to the ground and kissed it, and I had nothing to breathe ...

Sokolov was sent to the hospital for treatment and food. In the hospital, I immediately wrote a letter to my wife. Two weeks later I received a reply from my neighbor Ivan Timofeevich. In June 1942, a bomb hit his house, his wife and both daughters were killed. The son was not at home. Upon learning of the death of his relatives, he volunteered for the front.

Sokolov was discharged from the hospital and received a month's leave. A week later I got to Voronezh. I looked at the funnel at the place where his house was - and on the same day I went to the station. Back to division.

Son Anatoly

But three months later, joy flashed to me, like the sun from behind a cloud: Anatoly was found. He sent me a letter to the front, you see, from another front. I learned my address from a neighbor, Ivan Timofeevich. It turns out that he first got into an artillery school; it was there that his talents for mathematics came in handy. A year later, he graduated from college with honors, went to the front, and now he writes that he received the rank of captain, commands a forty-five battery, has six orders and medals.

After the war

Andrei was demobilized. Where to go? I did not want to go to Voronezh.

I remembered that my friend lives in Uryupinsk, demobilized in the winter due to injury - he once invited me to his place - he remembered and went to Uryupinsk.

My friend and his wife were childless, they lived in their own house on the edge of the city. Although he had a disability, he worked as a driver in an auto company, and I got a job there too. I settled with a friend, they sheltered me.

Near the tea-room he met a homeless boy Vanya. His mother died during an air raid (during the evacuation, probably), his father died at the front. Once, on the way to the elevator, Sokolov took Vanyushka with him and told him that he was his father. The boy believed and was very happy. Adopted Vanyushka. A friend's wife helped look after the child.

Maybe we would have lived with him for another year in Uryupinsk, but in November a sin happened to me: I was driving through mud, in one farm my car skidded, and then the cow turned up, and I knocked her down. Well, a well-known case, the women raised a cry, the people fled, and the traffic inspector was right there. He took away my driver's book, no matter how much I asked him to have mercy. The cow got up, lifted her tail and went galloping along the alleys, but I lost my book. I worked for the winter as a carpenter, and then I wrote to a friend, also a colleague - he works as a driver in your region, in the Kashar district, - and he invited me to his place. He writes that, they say, you will work for six months in the carpentry department, and there in our region they will give you a new book. So my son and I are sent to Kashara on a marching order.

Yes, it is, how can I tell you, and if this accident with a cow had not happened to me, I would still have moved from Uryupinsk. Longing does not allow me to stay in one place for a long time. Now, when my Vanyushka grows up and I have to send him to school, then maybe I will calm down, settle in one place

Then a boat came and the narrator said goodbye to his unexpected acquaintance. And he began to think about the story he had heard.

Two orphaned people, two grains of sand thrown into foreign lands by a military hurricane of unprecedented strength... Is something waiting for them ahead? And I would like to think that this Russian man, a man of unbending will, will survive and grow up near his father’s shoulder, one who, having matured, will be able to endure everything, overcome everything in his path, if his Motherland calls him to this.

With heavy sadness, I looked after them ... Maybe everything would have worked out well with our parting, but Vanyushka, moving a few steps away and braiding his stubby legs, turned to face me as he walked, waved his pink little hand. And suddenly, like a soft, but clawed paw, squeezed my heart, and I hastily turned away. No, it’s not only in a dream that elderly men who have turned gray during the war years cry. They are crying for real. The main thing here is to be able to turn away in time. The most important thing here is not to hurt the heart of the child, so that he does not see how a burning and stingy male tear runs down your cheek ...

The Fate of a Man by Mikhail Sholokhov is an unusual story of that time about the war. In the center of the work, the writer presents to his reader the fate of a Russian soldier who had to endure the Great Patriotic War. In turn, the third part has several more parts. At first glance, the composition of the novel "The Fate of a Man" is rather complicated, but the work is easy to read and quite assimilated.

In the novel "The Fate of a Man" the writer uses a narrative technique. What does this mean? Everything is quite simple, the narration is conducted both from the hero-narrator and from the main character. In the exposition of the work, the reader becomes aware that the hero is close to the writer. He is on his way to one of the Don villages. However, the reader becomes a witness of an obstacle that has arisen in the way of the hero: the river overflows, and he remains on the shore, waiting for the boat. Sholokhov depicts a picture of nature, which appears before the reader as awakening.

This picture promises that the time has come for the restoration of life, the destructive stage of the war has been passed. The narrator enjoys, rests his soul and heart, plunging into "silence and loneliness." Soon he sees a man with a boy, who were heading towards him. He sees that their faces are tired and drooping. So, the reader meets the hero of the story for the first time - Andrei Sokolov. We learn about these two characters from the narrator. He manages to clearly describe Sokolov - a simple working man.

The reader understands that for the main character it does not matter how he is dressed, for him the whole meaning of life is his only son. Looking at him, it is clear that the boy is dressed much better. On the following pages of the novel, the reader learns about Sokolov's life from himself. The whole world of spiritual experiences of the hero is revealed before us. From the story of the hero, it becomes clear that absolutely the whole life of the hero, including the little things, was happy and typical for that time. He had a family, a job, children, a wife.

Soon, it becomes known that the hero is captured by the Germans. Here the writer portrays him as a courageous, balanced person with a sense of humor and dignity. For the first time, the reader is confronted with the horrors that took place in captivity. Sholokhov focuses the reader's attention on the fact that people in such inhuman conditions forgot about their pride, about their own "I". In order to survive, it is necessary to eat, and for the sake of a piece of bread, they had to endure all the humiliations. Sometimes I had to betray my comrades and even kill them.

Sokolov appears before us as a heroic character. At the climax of the novel "The Fate of Man": the hero's conversations with Lagerführer Müller, he behaves absolutely calmly. However, such a reaction to the behavior of the hero is not only among the reader, but also among the enemies.

At the end of the war, the hero realizes that he has lost everything dear to him. Now he has no family left. The hero is deprived of the meaning of life, but the meeting with the orphan Vanyusha brought Sokolov back to life. This boy became his son, his meaning of life.

Compositions