Scheme agzu electron 8 400 overestimated. Automated group metering unit agzu

The Reko company supplies the following Sputnik systems: AM 40-xx-400, BM40-xx-400, 40-xx-1500, used in infield accounting systems for oil and gas wells.

Satellite AM 40-xx-400, BM40-xx-400, 40-xx-1500

Appointment.

Automated group metering units AGZU "Sputnik" are designed for:

• measurement of the amount (flow rate) of crude oil, including formation water, and associated petroleum gas produced from oil and gas wells by direct dynamic method in periodic mode.
• measurement and output of measurement results in units of volume
• processing measurement results and transferring them to the oilfield telemechanics system
• formation and processing of signals "accident", "blockage" and transmission of information about them to the upper level of the oilfield process control system
• control of the modes of measuring the flow rates of oil and gas wells production by signals of the upper level of the APCS of the oil field

Application.

In the systems of in-field accounting of oil and gas wells production.

Compound:

Technological block (BT), automation block (BA).

Technological block, BT

It is designed to accommodate process equipment, primary instrumentation and control devices, including flowmeter sensors, signaling devices and engineering systems. It is made in the form of a block-box on a welded base of a steel profile and a fence made of sandwich panels with basalt insulation at least 50 mm thick with a pitched roof. BT is equipped with two sealed doors. The floors are mounted taking into account the possibility of collecting the spilled liquid and draining it outside the BT through the drainage pipe (into the drainage well).

• supply and exhaust ventilation with mechanical stimulation and automatic two-threshold switching on from the signals of the gas pollution control system.
• lighting

Explosive zone class BT V-1A
Fire resistance class IV

All electrical equipment, instrumentation and automation located in the BT, in accordance with the requirements of PUE-7, are used in a design not lower than "increased protection against explosion". TS-N earthing system. Power and signal circuits are made in accordance with the requirements of PUE-7 and are led to explosion-proof terminal boxes located on the outside of the walls near the BT doors.

All measuring instruments installed at AGZU Sputnik have: a certificate of approval of the type of measuring instrument, a certificate of conformity, a permit for use at hazardous production facilities, a valid certificate of primary verification.

All shut-off and control valves are used in a design not lower than Ru 4.0 MPa.

Block of automation, BA.

It is intended for placement in it: a power cabinet, a cabinet for instrumentation and control, secondary instruments for instrumentation and automation, including secondary devices for flow meters, telemechanics equipment, and other equipment, according to the statement of work. It is made in the form of a block-box on a welded base of a steel profile and a fence made of sandwich panels with basalt insulation at least 50 mm thick with a pitched roof. BT is equipped with one sealed door.

The design provides systems:

• ventilation supply and exhaust with natural impulse
• lighting
• electric heating with automatic maintenance of temperature not lower than +5 0С
• alarms: gas pollution, fire, unauthorized access.

Explosive zone class BA non-explosive
Fire resistance class IV
Fire and explosion hazard category A

The device and operation of the AGZU "Sputnik"

Well production through a check valve enters the well switching unit, which consists of valves for supplying well products to the PSM, shut-off valves to the bypass line, bypass line, manifold, multi-way well switch, PSM, with hydraulic drive, measuring line. The production of the well, set "for metering", is sent to the separation tank, the production of the remaining wells is sent through the PSM to the collector. Sputnik-type separation tank with a mechanical level control system in the tank (float-lever), unless otherwise provided by the TOR, is designed to separate well production phases into associated petroleum gas (gas) and crude oil, including formation water (liquid). In accordance with safety requirements and to ensure maintenance, the separation tank has an outlet to the emergency gas discharge line. Drainage lines equipped with shut-off valves. When the separation tank switches to the liquid drain mode, the liquid through the open flow regulator and the liquid flow meter enters the collector along the liquid line, and the liquid flow is measured. When the separation tank is operating in the liquid collection mode, the gas through the open gas damper and the gas flow meter through the gas line enters the collector, while the gas flow is measured. The switching of the operating modes of the separation tank occurs automatically as a result of the operation of the gas damper and the flow regulator.

Specifications

Tasks of automation in the oil fields: automatic protection of equipment in emergency cases, control of the technological regime and the condition of the equipment. Regardless of the method of production, the wells are equipped with means of local pressure control on the flow line in the annulus.

Automation of fountain wells consists in automatic shutoff of the flow line with a cut-off device when the pressure is exceeded by 0.5 MPa (due to the formation of a paraffin plug) and a sudden drop in pressure to 0.15 MPa (for example, when a pipeline breaks).

Automation of a well equipped with a submersible electric pump consists in automatic shutdown of the electric motor of the submersible pump in case of emergency; start and stop on command from a group installation and during power outages, self-start, shutdown of the discharge manifold in case of pressure increase and sharp decrease.

Automation of a well equipped with a rod pump consists in automatic control of the electric motor of the pumping unit in emergency cases, switching off the electric motor by impulse from the electrocontact pressure gauge in emergency situations and self-starting of the pumping unit after a power outage.

Automated group measuring stations

The Sputnik-A automated separation and metering unit is designed for automatic measurement of well flow rates, control over their operation, as well as automatic blocking of collectors in case of an emergency state of the technological process. The design control and blocking pressure is 1.6 and 4 MPa.

The installation consists of the following nodes:

1) multi-way switch of wells;

2) flow measurement settings;

3) hydraulic drive;

4) cutters;

5) local automation unit (BMA).

Well production is fed through flow lines to a multi-way switch, which operates both manually and automatically. Each position of this switch corresponds to the supply for measurement of the production of one well. The production of this well is sent to the gas separator, which consists of the upper and lower tanks. The products of the remaining wells, bypassing the gas separator, are sent to the collection manifold.

Oil from the upper tank of the gas separator flows into the lower one, here its level rises, and at a certain position of the float, the damper on the gas line of the gas separator closes. The pressure in the gas separator rises, and oil begins to flow through the flowmeter into the collection manifold. After that, the liquid level in the lower tank decreases, the float drops with the opening of the gas line damper, after which the process is repeated. The duration of this cycle depends on the flow rate of the well.

In the local automation unit, the accumulated volumes of liquid that have passed through the flowmeter (CP) are recorded. The next well is switched on for measurement on command from the BMA using a hydraulic drive.

The Sputnik-A unit operates according to a specific (set) program, with each well being switched on in turn for measurement for a certain time.

In addition to the Sputnik-A unit, the Sputnik-B and Sputnik-V units are used, some of these units use continuous automatic moisture meters to determine the water content in the well production, as well as to automatically measure the amount of gas.

Figure 15. Scheme of the Sputnik-A installation

1 - flow lines; 2 - special check valves; 3 - multi-way switch wells; 4 - rotary switch carriage; 5 - measuring pipe; 6 - hydrocyclone separator; 7 - damper on the gas line; 8 - turbine flowmeter; 9 - level gauge (float); 10 - hydraulic drive; 11 - electric motor; 12 - cutters; 13 - prefabricated manifold; 14 - power cylinder.

Automation of separation plants and BPS

Automatic separation plants. The gas-water-oil mixture, after measuring the flow rate at the GZU, enters the SU, where oil is separated from gas and partially from water.

In case of excess pressure in the tank, a safety valve 2 is provided. The control system automation scheme provides automatic control of the oil level in the separator, automatic protection of the unit in case of an emergency increase in the level and pressure in the separator, transmission of emergency signals to the control room.

The gas-oil mixture after the GZU enters the hydrocyclone separator 3. From the lower separation tank, the oil passes through the filter 11 and further, purified from mechanical impurities, through the turbine flow meter 12 into the oil collector. A chamber diaphragm 5 is mounted on the gas line to measure the volume of the separated gas. In case of exceeding the permissible value, a safety valve 2 is provided.

The level in the separator is regulated by two mechanical level regulators 7 and 9. The regulators receive control signals from float sensors 6 and 8. If the liquid level in the separator reaches an alarm level, the float switch 10 will send an electrical signal to the solenoid valve 14, which will direct compressed air from the dryer 4 to the pneumatic actuator of the valve 13. In this case, the line through which the gas-oil mixture enters the unit will be blocked.

In the event of an emergency overpressure, the impulse from the electrocontact pressure gauge 15 acts on the valve 14, which will supply compressed air to the pneumatic actuator of the valve 13, and the flow of the gas-oil mixture to the installation will stop.

Figure 16. Scheme of a block separation unit

DNS. BPS are designed for infield pumping of well products. Oil from the GZU enters the BPS tank buffer, then it is pumped out by pumps to the oil pipeline for its intended purpose. The separated gas after the tank buffer is sent to the gas collection system.

The BPS monitoring and control system is designed for operational accounting, maintaining the set values ​​of the process parameters and preventing emergencies.

Separation unit:

1) Measurement of pressure in the tank with an MP-4 manometer.

2) Pressure limit is signaled.

3) Automatic regulation of pressure in the separation vessel by means of a cut-off valve.

4) Automatic control of the liquid level in the tank (US 1500, Sapphire).

5) The upper and lower emergency levels are signaled by the SU type signaling device.

Pump block:

1) Automatic regulation of pressures and levels in the tank buffer (pressure sensor MIDA).

2) Automatic control of the pumping unit according to the level in the tank buffer during periodic pumping.

3) Automatic switching on of the backup pumping unit.

4) Monitoring the temperature of the bearings of pumping units and the engine.

5) Protection of the electric drive of the pumping unit against overloads and short circuits.

6) Measurement of pressures at the intake and discharge of pumps, their automatic shutdown in case of emergency pressure drop in the pressure pipeline.

7) Measurement of motor current and voltage of each pump unit.

8) Automatic protection of the pumping unit when the temperature of the motor and pump bearings is exceeded (TCM sensor).

9) Alarm about gas contamination and fire in the room.

10) Notification of the dispatching station of the signal about the operation of the protections with the decoding of the reasons.

Drainage tank block:

1) Automatic control of the liquid level in the tank.

2) Automatic control of the pump submersion according to the level in the tank.

3) Signaling the status of submersible pumps "On" in the control room.

According to the station-wide DNS parameters:

1) Signaling the pressure limits at the intake of the DNS.

2) Signaling of limit values ​​of pressure at the outlet of BPS.

3) Gas alarm in the room with the oil pump.

4) Automatic ventilation control.

5) Shutdown of pumping units in case of unacceptable gas contamination.

6) Oil pump fire alarm.

7) Signaling about the gas contamination of sites of objects on the territory of the DNS.

Technical means for operational accounting of produced products

Operational accounting of oil produced by wells is carried out on the basis of well flow rate measurement data for liquid using measuring devices, taking into account the time worked by wells and the percentage of water using certified equipment.

To measure the gas-water-oil mixture in a separate well, non-separation and separation methods are used.

In non-separating are used:

1) Multiphase - allow you to directly determine the flow of oil, water and gas in the stream;

2) Multiphase partial - the mixture is separated using mini-separators into oil gas, oil and water, then their consumption is measured directly in the stream.

Separation methods are based on the separation of the mixture coming from the well into oil gas and liquid in the separator. The volumetric flow rate of the petroleum gas is measured with a gas meter and brought to standard conditions. The liquid is accumulated in the tank, and the accumulation time is fixed in order to then calculate the daily flow rate of the well by weight.

1) Method with water settling - the liquid is kept in a container until it separates into formation water and oil. Then water and oil are drained separately, measuring their masses by the direct method of dynamic measurements. The method is considered the most accurate, but also the most expensive and labor-intensive, and is most often used in OPF.

2) Direct measurement - the mass of the liquid in the container is measured by the direct method of static measurements or the direct method of dynamic measurements when draining. With the help of a moisture meter, when draining or in the laboratory, the water content in crude oil is measured from the sample taken, then their masses are calculated.

3) Indirect method of dynamic measurements - the volume of liquid is measured using a volume counter when draining. With the help of a moisture meter at the drain or in the laboratory, the water content of the crude oil is measured from the sample taken. The density of oil and water is determined in the laboratory with a densitometer based on the selected sample, then their masses are calculated with corrections for temperature and pressure. These include AGZU "Sputnik" of various modifications.

4) Hydrostatic - the mass of a liquid is determined by an indirect method, for which its hydrostatic pressure and volume are measured using capacity measures. With a moisture meter when draining or in the laboratory, the water content in crude oil is measured from the selected sample, then their masses are calculated. In recent years, installations have begun to appear that work according to this principle: AGZU "Electron-400" and "Electron-1500", produced by JSC "Experimental Plant" Electron "(Tyumen).

Technologies are constantly improving. So, in recent years, nuclear-magnetic flowmeters for a multiphase medium, automated group three-phase metering units, and other novelties have appeared.

Oilfield tanks and their elements

Reservoirs are underground and ground. Underground tanks are called tanks, in which the highest level of overflow is not less than 0.2 m below the lowest planning mark of the adjacent site. The rest of the tanks are above ground.

Vertical steel cylindrical tanks with a fixed roof (RVS type) are the most common. They represent (Fig. 17) a cylindrical body, welded from steel sheets 1.5x6 m in size, 4 ... 25 mm thick, with a shield conical or spherical roof. In the manufacture of the case, the long side of the sheets is horizontal. One horizontal row of sheets welded together is called the tank belt. Tank belts are interconnected in steps, telescopically or end-to-end.

The bottom of the tank is welded, located on a sand pad treated with bitumen to prevent corrosion, and has a slope from the center to the periphery. This ensures a more complete removal of commercial water.

Vertical steel cylindrical tanks with a floating roof (RVSPK type) differ from RVS tanks in that they do not have a fixed roof (Fig. 18). The role of the roof is performed by a disk made of steel sheets floating on the surface of the liquid. Known designs of floating roofs can be reduced to four main types: disc, single-layer with an annular box, single-layer with an annular and central box, two-layer. Disc roofs are the least metal-intensive, but also the least reliable. j. the appearance of a leak in any part of it leads to the filling of the roof bowl with oil and further to its sinking. Two-layer roofs, on the contrary, are the most metal-intensive, but also the most reliable, since the hollow boxes that provide buoyancy are hermetically sealed from above and divided into compartments by partitions.

Vertical steel cylindrical tanks with a pontoon (RVSP type) are tanks similar in design to RVS type tanks (have a stationary roof), but equipped with a pontoon floating on the oil surface. Like a floating roof, the pontoons move along guide tubes, are equipped with support posts and sealing gates, and are carefully grounded.

Horizontal steel cylindrical tanks (type RGS), unlike vertical ones, are usually manufactured at the factory and delivered ready-made. Their volume ranges from 3 to 100 m 3 . At oil pumping stations, such tanks are used as containers for collecting leaks.

Reinforced concrete tanks (type ZhBR) are cylindrical and rectangular. The former are more common because they are more economical, while rectangular tanks are easier to manufacture.

Reservoirs of the ZhBR type require less metal consumption than steel ones. However, during their operation, a number of shortcomings were revealed. First of all, the existing roof structures of reinforced concrete tanks do not have sufficient tightness and do not prevent the penetration of oil (oil product) vapors from the tank into the atmosphere. Another problem is the fight against the floating of reservoirs at a high level of groundwater. There are difficulties in repairing the internal equipment of reinforced concrete tanks.

Due to the above and a number of other reasons, ZhBR-type tanks are not currently being built.

Figure 17. Vertical cylindrical tank

1 - body; 2 - shield roof; 3 - central pillar; 4 - mine ladder; 5 - bottom

Figure 18. Floating roof tank

1 - sealing gate; 2 - roof; 3 - hinged ladder; 4 - safety valve; 5 - drainage system; 6 - pipe; 7 - racks; 8 - hatch

Ensuring labor protection requirements when servicing oil, gas and water treatment plants

Occupational safety is a system for preserving the life and health of workers in the course of their work, including legal, socio-economic, organizational and technical, sanitary and hygienic, medical and preventive, rehabilitation and other measures.

Excerpts from the "Safety Rules for the Operation of Oil Treatment Plants at Oil Industry Enterprises":

All installations, workshops, laboratories and other facilities must have safety instructions for professions and types of work, ensuring the safety of all work in this area.

All production facilities of the installation must be provided with fire extinguishing equipment according to the list agreed with the local fire authorities.

For each gas-explosive and fire-hazardous object, an accident elimination plan must be developed in accordance with the "Instructions for compiling accident elimination plans".

It is forbidden to put into operation new installations, as well as those that have undergone reconstruction, without their acceptance by a commission with the participation of a representative of the enterprise safety engineering service, a technical inspector of the trade union, representatives of fire and sanitary supervision, and Gosgortekhnadzor bodies.

All workers and engineering and technical workers entering the plant or transferred from one facility to another may be allowed to work independently only after they have been instructed in safety, fire safety and gas safety, on-the-job training and the commission has checked their knowledge. Workers must additionally undergo training in the profession.

Overalls, special footwear and safety devices must be issued in accordance with established standards.

When working in places where it is possible to increase the concentration of harmful gases and vapors above the permissible sanitary standards, workers must be provided with appropriate gas masks.

The territory and premises of the installation must be maintained in accordance with the requirements of the "Instructions for the Sanitary Maintenance of Industrial Enterprises".

It is forbidden to move vehicles without spark arresters on the territory of the installation.

On the territory of the installation and in industrial premises where burns are possible for those working with harmful and aggressive substances (acids, alkalis and caustic reagents), it is mandatory to install an emergency shower with automatic activation when entering the platform under the shower arm, as well as an eyewash fountain with flow control water to him.

The device of electrical equipment, including control and automation devices, power tools and welding machines, lighting on the territory of the installation and in industrial premises, in tank farms and other facilities must comply with the requirements of SNiP, "Rules for Electrical Installations" (PUE), "Rules for the manufacture of explosion-proof and mine electrical equipment", and their operation must be carried out in accordance with the "Rules for the technical operation of consumer electrical installations" and "Safety regulations for the operation of consumer electrical installations".

The production facilities of the installations are equipped with heating devices and heaters that meet the requirements of sanitary and fire safety standards. For space heating, centralized systems should be used that use hot water, steam or heated air as a heat carrier.

In all explosive and fire hazardous rooms, ventilation must operate around the clock.

Each installation and individual facilities must have sanitary facilities in accordance with SNiP.

All production facilities must be provided with water supply and sewerage in accordance with SNiP.

The number of safety valves, their installation and maintenance must comply with the requirements of the Rules for the Design and Safety of Operation of Pressure Vessels and the Safety Rules for the Transportation and Storage of Liquefied Petroleum Gases, as well as the Recommendations for the Installation of Safety Valves.

All installations and facilities must comply with the requirements stipulated by the "Rules for the protection against static electricity of the production of the chemical, petrochemical and oil refining industries."

For installation, dismantling and repair of equipment and pipelines on the territory of installations and in industrial premises, hoisting and transport vehicles and mechanisms must be used, the operation of which must be carried out in accordance with the Rules for the Design and Safe Operation of Hoisting Cranes.

All those working with demulsifiers should be instructed on measures to prevent poisoning by them and provide the necessary first aid to victims of poisoning.

The personnel servicing the installations must know their layout and the purpose of all devices, pipelines, fittings, instrumentation and automation.

Organization of fire protection at the enterprise

Basic fire safety requirements. The safety of people must be ensured by: planning and design solutions for escape routes in accordance with current building codes and regulations, constant maintenance of escape routes in proper condition, ensuring the possibility of safe evacuation of people in the event of a fire or other emergency.

All production, administrative, auxiliary, warehouse, repair premises, as well as parking lots and storage areas for motor vehicles must be provided with primary fire extinguishing equipment (fire extinguishers, fire shields, fire extinguishing installations, etc.), in accordance with the standards.

All premises of the enterprise must be equipped with fire safety signs in accordance with the requirements of GOST 12.4.026-76 “Signal colors and safety signs” and evacuation signs.

Working clothes must be washed (dry-cleaned) and repaired in a timely manner in accordance with the established schedule. Oiled overalls are to be dried in a special room.

Tank trucks intended for the transport of flammable and combustible liquids must be stored in separate one-story buildings or in open areas specially designated for this purpose.

Premises requirements. In all production, administrative, storage and auxiliary premises, instructions on fire safety measures, as well as plans for the evacuation of workers and material assets, indicating the locations for storing keys to all premises, should be posted in prominent places.

In industrial and administrative buildings, specially designated smoking areas equipped with trash cans and water containers should be provided.

In industrial and administrative buildings it is prohibited:

Smoking in places not provided for this purpose;

Carry out work using open fire in places not provided for this purpose;

Use open sources of fire for lighting during technical inspections, repair and other work;

Leave oiled cleaning materials and overalls in the car at the end of work;

Leave cars with the ignition on;

Use electric heaters with open heating elements for additional space heating;

Entrust the maintenance of the equipment to persons who do not have the appropriate qualifications.

Electrical safety. Persons responsible for the state of electrical installations (chief electrician, power engineer, employee of the appropriate qualification, appointed by the head of the enterprise or workshop) are obliged to:

Ensure the organization and timely conduct of preventive inspections and scheduled preventive repairs of electrical equipment, equipment and power networks, as well as the timely elimination of violations of the "Electrical Installation Rules", "Rules for the Operation of Consumer Electrical Installations" and "Safety Rules for the Operation of Consumer Electrical Installations" that could lead to fires and fires;

Monitor the correct selection and use of cables, electrical wires, motors, lamps and other electrical equipment, depending on the class of fire and explosion hazard of the premises and environmental conditions;

Systematically monitor the condition of protection devices against short circuits, overloads, internal and atmospheric surges, as well as other abnormal operating modes;

Monitor the serviceability of special installations and means designed to eliminate fires and fires in electrical installations and cable rooms;

Organize a system for training and instructing duty personnel on the issue of fire safety during the operation of electrical installations;

Participate in the investigation of cases of fires and fires from electrical installations, develop and implement measures to prevent them.

Grounding devices must be provided in places where static electricity may be generated.

Emergency lighting should be provided if the shutdown of working lighting and the associated violation of the normal maintenance of equipment and mechanisms can cause an explosion or fire.

Malfunctions in power networks and electrical equipment that can cause sparking, short circuit, excessive heating of the insulation of cables and wires must be immediately eliminated by the personnel on duty; the faulty electrical network should be disconnected before bringing it into a fireproof state.

It is forbidden to carry out work inside the apparatus, where the formation of explosive mixtures is possible, in overalls, jackets and other outer clothing made of electrolyzable materials.

Ventilation. Responsibility for the technical condition, serviceability and compliance with fire safety requirements during the operation of ventilation systems lies with the chief mechanic (chief power engineer) of the enterprise or a person appointed by the head of the enterprise.

In industrial premises where ventilation units remove combustible and explosive substances, all metal air ducts, pipelines, filters and other equipment of exhaust units must be grounded.

In rooms where flammable or explosive substances (vapours, gases) are released, it is allowed to install ventilation systems (local exhausts) that exclude the possibility of sparking.

In the event of a fire in the room, in the ventilation chamber, in the air ducts or in any part of the ventilation system, immediately turn off the fans of the supply and exhaust systems.

Requirements for technological equipment and tools. Technological equipment, apparatus and pipelines containing substances that emit explosive vapors, gases and dust must be sealed.

Hot surfaces of pipelines in rooms where they cause the danger of ignition of materials or explosion of gases, vapors of liquids or dust, must be insulated with non-combustible materials to reduce the surface temperature to a safe value.

To control the state of the air environment in production and storage facilities where substances and materials that can form explosive concentrations of gases and vapors are used, produced or stored, automatic gas analyzers should be installed or periodic laboratory analysis of the air environment should be carried out.

Arrangement of technological equipment in subdivisions must comply with project documentation, taking into account the requirements of technology and ensuring fire and explosion safety.

The placement of equipment and the laying of pipelines should not reduce the tightness and fire resistance limits of fire barriers.

The procedure for servicing automatic fire extinguishing and automatic fire alarm installations is determined by the administration of the enterprise. Automatic fire extinguishing and automatic fire alarm installations must be kept in good condition.

Fire tanks, reservoirs, water supply networks and hydrants, pumping stations, sprinkler and deluge fire extinguishing installations must be permanently monitored to ensure their good condition and constant readiness for use in case of fire or fire.

The procedure for placement, maintenance and use of fire extinguishers and fire extinguishing installations must be maintained in accordance with the instructions of the manufacturers and the current regulatory and technical documents.

There must be at least two carbon dioxide fire extinguishers in the fuel equipment area. Carbon dioxide fire extinguishers, when placed in areas, must be protected from heating above 50 ° C and exposure to sunlight.

The metal parts of fire fighting equipment should be periodically cleaned and lubricated to prevent corrosion.

Each box of sand must have two metal shovels at all times. Boxes must be tightly closed with lids. On the boxes should be the inscription "Sand in case of fire." Sand in boxes should be inspected regularly. If moisture or clumping is found, it must be dried and sieved.

Fire extinguishing equipment and fire equipment must be painted in accordance with the requirements of GOST 13.4.026-76.

Organization of life safety in the organization

The main hazards include:

The presence of flammable liquids (oil) and gases, the ability of vapors and gases to form explosive mixtures with air;

The ability of liquid and gaseous petroleum products to have a toxic effect on the human body;

Presence of hydrogen sulfide in petroleum gas;

Harmful effects of reagents on human skin, and vapors and gases on the respiratory system;

Availability of electrical equipment at the enterprise;

Heat;

High pressure;

The ability of oils to generate static electricity during their movement through pipelines.

The main conditions for ensuring safety are sufficient qualification of the operating personnel, strict observance of the regime parameters of the process, melted safety, fire safety, compliance with production discipline, proper maintenance of workplaces, as well as compliance with the schedule of preventive repairs, inspections and tests. When performing work, the following requirements must be strictly observed:

- “Safety Rules for the Operation of Oil Treatment Units at Oil Industry Enterprises”, approved by the USSR Gosgortekhnadzor on July 16, 1976, as amended in 1987;

- "Safety Rules in the Oil and Gas Industry" (RD 08-200-98);

- "Instructions for the safety of work in the development of oil, gas and gas condensate fields containing hydrogen sulfide (up to 6% by volume)", approved by the Gosgortekhnadzor of Russia on April 21, 1992;

- "Rules for the design and safe operation of flare systems" (PU and BEF-93) (PB 09-12-92), approved by the Gosgortekhnadzor of Russia on April 21, 1992;

- "Rules for electrical installations" (sixth edition);

The unit is designed to measure the flow rates of oil well production components (mass flow rates of oil, water and volumetric flow rate of associated gas reduced to standard conditions), transmit data on the measurement results and indicate operation to the oil field control center (hereinafter referred to as DP) in a moderately cold climate . It consists of a technological room (PT) and an automation unit (BA).

Type approval certificate for measuring instruments RU.C29.024.A No. 46671, registered in the State Register of measuring instruments under No. 24759-12 and approved for use in the Russian Federation.

Certificate No. 10873 on recognition of the approval of the type of measuring instruments, registered in the Register of the State System for Ensuring the Uniformity of Measurements of the Republic of Kazakhstan under No. KZ.02.03.06058-2014/24759-12 and approved for import into the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Calibration interval - 5 years.

The units are produced in two modifications "Electron-400" and "Electron-1500", which differ in the measurement ranges of liquid mass flow and gas volume flow. The installation implements an indirect method for measuring the mass of oil and oil products, based on the hydrostatic principle, in accordance with GOST R 8.595-2002 “GSI. Mass of oil and oil products. General requirements for measurement procedures”. Measurement is performed in dynamic mode by controlling:

The time of cyclic alternate filling of the calibrated volume of the vessel with an oil-water mixture and gas (the flow rate of the well production component is determined),

Readings of hydrostatic pressure and temperature sensors (flow is calculated and the measurement process is controlled).

The installation provides the following functions:

Sequential measurement of the mass and mass flow rates of liquid, oil, water, water cut, as well as the volumetric flow rate of oil well gas reduced to standard conditions in accordance with GOST R 8.615-2005 "Measuring the amount of oil and petroleum gas extracted from the bowels";

Automatic and manual control of the measurement process, including control via the Modbus protocol via the RS-232/RS-485 port;

Calculation, display on the display of the plant control controller, archiving in non-volatile memory and issuing the following measurement information to the control room at the request of the operator: current sensor readings, time indicators of each single measurement, values ​​of the mass flow rate of liquid, oil, water, water cut and reduced to standard conditions volumetric gas flow for each connected well (both by single measurements and by the total averaged value); values ​​of the mass of liquid, oil, water and gas volume, reduced to standard conditions for each connected well;

Automatic storage, archiving, storage, display on the display of the control controller and transmission to the control room at the request of the operator of the following signal information: alarms, information about the current state of the installation or its individual elements;

Automated control: PT and BA heating system; turning on the fan at a 10% lower concentration limit of ignition (hereinafter referred to as LEL); turning off all pantographs in the PT and turning on local light and sound alarms at 50% LEL; disconnection of all current collectors of DC and BA with a time delay for transmission of an emergency signal to the DC in the event of a fire;

Manual control of lighting and fan at the entrance to the PT.

It is possible to measure in the event of a power failure using an electric drive with a manual override and a measuring ruler (optional).

As standard, the unit is supplied with a BA-6 automation unit, at the request of the customer with a BA-7 (with or without a window).

The control cabinet is made in three versions:

DL-205 controller with liquid crystal display;

Controller Z181-04 with four-line display;

Controller Z181-04 with LCD display.

Measuring the mass flow rates of wells for liquid, oil, gas and water (hereinafter referred to as flow rates) is performed in turn for each of the wells connected by a PSM hydraulic switch to the separator inlet (see the flow diagram).

The oil and gas mixture (hereinafter referred to as the mixture) enters the separation tank (EC) through the measuring line, where the liquid is separated from the gas and flows down the trays under the action of gravity into the measuring chamber IR, which serves to measure its density and the flow rate of the mixture components.

The rise of the liquid level (h) in the IC occurs with the KPI* valve (for gas) closed until the moment t4 (see the timing diagram of the measurement). At the moment t4, the control system (CS) gives the command to "open the valve" (OK) and after its execution at the moment t5, the level h begins to decrease due to the pressure increase in the separator (Pc). At the moment t8, the displacement of liquid from the IC ends.

Further, after the expiration of the specified interval tc (stabilization time of the hydrodynamic regime), at the moment t10, the CS gives the command to "close the valve" (CV), and after its execution, at the moment t11, the level rise in the IC begins again. Thus, the operation of the installation is based on the periodic filling and emptying of the IC due to the energy of the compressed gas.

a) the value ti1 is the time of the first measurement (according to the CS timer).

b) pressure drop (P13 - P12) according to the signal from the DG1 sensor, corresponding to a level increase by a fixed value H.

Based on the measured values ​​of the drops and tI1, the following mass flow rates are calculated: liquid Gl, oil Gl and water Gw**

At intervals t6 and t7, the pressure values ​​in the separator PC6 and PC7 are measured at times t6 and t7, respectively, and the value of time tI2 itself, from which the gas flow is calculated.

* KPE - switching valve. In the "Open" position - the line of liquid outflow from the measuring chamber is open, the line of gas outflow from the separation vessel is closed.

** The calculations use the initial data on the density of oil, water and gas, as well as the value of the volume of the measuring chamber, which are entered into the non-volatile memory of the controller.

Description

Due to changes in the production program of the SARRZ Trading House, the sale of this equipment has been completed.
The current list of products is available in the section

Automated group metering units AGZU are installed at oil producing enterprises and are necessary to account for the media extracted from oil and gas wells. AGDUs perform the functions of measuring the volume and ratios of crude oil, associated petroleum gas and formation water. All measurements are given in the specified units of volume, the information received is processed and transmitted to a higher remote control point, where it is analyzed and archived.

Arrangement of AGZU installations

AGZU have a block-modular design. The body is a spatial welded steel frame, heat-insulated and sheathed with sandwich panels. The building provides for two doors at opposite ends of the room, a ventilation system, lighting and heating. In the case on the floor there is a drainage pipe through which the emergency water is drained.

For the safe operation of the equipment, the AGZU installations are equipped with security, fire and emergency alarms, which give an audible and light signal in case of force majeure (depressurization of gas pipelines, liquid leakage, unacceptable excess pressure, etc.).

The AGZU installation consists of two main blocks:

• technological block
• automation unit

In the technological block all functional equipment was installed: separation tank, pipelines from wells, multi-way well switch PSM / three-way ball valve with electric drive, instrumentation (mass flow meters, meters, signaling devices, sensors), shutoff valves, hydraulic drive unit and other engineering systems.

All equipment is manufactured in an explosion-proof design for the explosive zone class B-1A, fire resistance degree IV and category A for explosion and fire hazard.

At the request of the Customer, a dosing pump for supplying chemical reagents, a container for their storage, a pressure pipeline for supplying reagents to the gas filling station manifold can be shipped as a set to the place of operation.

Depending on the model, AGZU allow measuring data coming from 8, 10 or 14 wells with a volume of 400-1500 m 3 /day.

In accordance with the productivity and number of wells, specialists of TD SARRZ offer the following standard sizes of automated group metering units AGZU:

• AGZU 40-8-400*
• AGZU 40-10-400
• AGZU 40-14-400
• AGZU 40-8-1500
• AGZU 40-10-1500
• AGZU 40-14-1500

(*where: 40 is the maximum pressure, kgf / cm 2, 8/10/14 is the number of wells, 400/1500 is the liquid capacity, m 3 / day.)

In the automation unit a control cabinet is installed, through which automatic control and collection of information from primary instrumentation and its transfer to a higher level of the APCS system is carried out. This unit can be located separately from the technological unit no closer than 10 m in an explosion-proof place.

The principle of operation of metering units AGZU

The gas-liquid mixture is supplied from the well to the well switching unit, where the well flows are separated. The choice of the measured well can be carried out in manual or automatic mode. Fluid from the measured well passes through the metering line and then into the separator. Liquids from the remaining wells are fed into the outlet header.

To measure the content of associated petroleum gas in the separation tank, gas is released by collecting the liquid phase at the bottom and the separated gas is released into the gas line, on which metering devices are installed. When the separator is full, the gas line closes and the liquid line opens. This is necessary to drain the gas-liquid mixture while taking into account its consumption. When the separator is empty, the gas line opens and the liquid line closes.

The safety of plant operation is ensured by the presence of a discharge line, pressure gauges, level gauges, pressure regulators and shut-off and safety valves.

Technical characteristics of typical metering units AGZU

How to purchase an AGZU metering unit in your city?

In order to buy an automatic group metering unit AGZU, you can:

• send technical requirements to the equipment by e-mail
• call our specialists at 8-800-555-86-36 to clarify the order
• download and fill out the Questionnaire and send it by e-mail

Place of internship - Megion "Automation and Communication - Service"

Internship time - from 06/29/2015 to 07/19/2015.

Head - Anatoly Vladimirovich Kurchuk.

Head of practice - Byrdin Denis Konstantinovich.

1 STRUCTURE OF THE ENTERPRISE

As part of the program to improve the organization of management of oil and gas production, the corporate management bodies of OAO Slavneft-Megionneftegaz from October 2003 to January 2004, in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, decided to transform the service divisions of Megoinneftegaz into subsidiaries - limited liability companies. In accordance with the decisions made, the "Automation and Communications Department" was transformed into "Automation and Communications-Service" LLC.

The organization provides such services as: installation and commissioning of instrumentation and automation systems for oilfield equipment, maintenance and repair of instrumentation and automation systems, repair and verification of measuring instruments used at oilfield facilities, provision of communication services (radio relay, VHF radio communication), installation and commissioning of security and fire alarm systems, as well as its maintenance, repair and maintenance of commercial refrigeration equipment.

LLC "A and S-Service" consists of 4 structural units (TsMNTOiMO, TsAP, TsOPSiKhO and Communications Department) and 8 divisions:

TsMNTO and MO (installation, commissioning, maintenance and metrological support workshop) - is divided into two sections:

- MNU (installation and commissioning site);

- UTOiMO (site for maintenance and met-

rological support).

DAC (production automation workshop).

TsOPSiTHO (shop for security and fire alarms and trade and refrigeration equipment) is divided into two sections:

- UOP (section of the security and fire alarm);

– CWR (section of trade and refrigeration equipment).

The communication workshop is divided into three sections and a subscriber group:

– Section of radio relay communication;

– VHF communication section;

– Station equipment section.

1.1 Installation and commissioning area

The installation and commissioning site (MNU) is a subdivision of TsMNTO and MO in Automation and Svyaz-Service LLC. There are 21 people working at the site: site manager, KAiT foreman, lead engineer, 1st category engineer for commissioning and testing, accounting technician and 16 instrumentation and automation fitters of 5-8 categories.

The main functions of this section are installation and commissioning and repair of instrumentation and automation systems for oil production facilities and data output to the automated control system and TP. The following works are currently being carried out:

Installation, adjustment and repair of instrumentation and automation systems for automated group metering units (AGZU) of the Sputnik, Elektron, Mera, OZNA types.

Installation, adjustment and repair of instrumentation and automation systems for chemical dosing units (UDKh).

Installation, commissioning and repair of instrumentation and automation systems for sewage pumping station and DNS, as well as flare facilities.

Installation, adjustment and repair of instrumentation and automation systems for dewaxing wells UDS.

repair of systems and re-adjustment of instrumentation and automation systems under the well pad overhaul program due to their depreciation due to long operation (more than 15 years).