Make a battery from water. Do-it-yourself battery powered by water

Sometimes it happens that a battery is urgently needed at home in order for some low-power equipment or a children's toy to work. And there is no way to go directly to the store and buy it. In this case, you need to try to assemble the battery at home, but the question is which one and how?

There are many types of batteries: saline, alkaline, lithium ... Have you heard about water? This is a very unusual battery that you can make yourself even at home. This battery will use ordinary tap water from your faucet as electrolytes.

Let's watch a video of the homemade manufacturing process:

In order to assemble a water battery you will need:
- 2 plastic cups of 500 ml;
- 500 ml of tap water;
- Light-emitting diode;
- several wires;
- 2 bars of magnesium alloy;
- 2 bars of coal;
- a soldering iron and everything you need for soldering.

The electrode system consists of two parts connected in series and an LED that can tell about the result of the work done. Each part consists of two elements: a magnesium alloy bar and a coal bar. This is necessary in order to provide the necessary voltage in such an unusual battery, since one cell produces only 1.5V. And in order for our LED to light up, a voltage of at least 2.5V is required.

So, the bars are interconnected by wires, as mentioned above, in series. An LED is attached to them. The wires are attached to the bars and the LED by soldering. Do not forget about safety when doing this.

After the structure is assembled, the electrodes are lowered into plastic cups in a strictly defined sequence: a bar of magnesium alloy, then a bar of coal into one cup, the same thing into another. The LED should remain on top outside of the containers.

The battery is ready to go. It remains only to fill it with cold water. The glasses are filled directly from the water tap one by one, up to the level until the electrode elements are completely covered.

As the second glass is filled, the LED gradually starts to light up and, at the end, will burn brightly and continuously. If you pay attention to the electrodes, you can see that the magnesium alloy cathodes began to emit hydrogen bubbles.

Here is such a water battery turned out using ordinary tap water, without the special addition of any salts or alkalis

Ecology of consumption. Science and technology: The Lemelson Prize, a $500,000 annual award given to inventors, went this year to Jay Whitacre, a scientist and professor at Carnegie Mellon University's College of Engineering, for his water hybrid ion battery.

The Lemelson Prize, a $500,000 annual award given to inventors, this year went to Jay Whitacre, a scientist and professor at the College of Engineering at Carnegie Mellon University, for his Aqueous Hybrid Ion (AHI) battery, recognized as reliable , an environmentally friendly and cost-effective energy storage system.

This first-of-its-kind battery, used in conjunction with solar and wind energy systems, is able to store significant amounts of energy at a low cost per joule and is designed to operate around the clock.

Designed using abundantly available and inexpensive resources, including water, sodium and carbon, an AHI battery could help reduce dependence on fossil fuels and make sustainable energy a viable alternative.

Whitacre's founding company, Aquion Energy, has fully scaled its production and commercialized batteries using global distribution channels and installations in many locations, including Australia, California, Germany, Hawaii, Malaysia and the Philippines.

“Our technology is based on a simple idea: in order to meet the challenges of the world's growing energy needs and increase the use of renewable energy, we need a large-scale energy storage system that is high performance, safe, sustainable and cost-effective.

Our founder, Professor Jay Whitacre, took on this challenge and discovered a simple and elegant solution that addresses 200 years of technology: seawater batteries. The company has translated this idea into a patented hybrid-ion process, a battery of unique salted electrolyte technology. The use of abundant, non-toxic materials and modern, low-cost manufacturing technologies make our batteries capable of taking on the global energy storage challenge.”

As the company describes, “the unique aqueous hybrid ion battery consists of a salt water electrolyte, a manganese dioxide cathode, a carbon composite anode, and a synthetic cotton separator. The battery uses a non-corrosive reaction at the anode and cathode to prevent material wear. As a result, the water-based chemical reaction has become the key to a non-toxic and non-flammable product that is safe to handle and environmentally friendly.” published

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Batteries on water have appeared on sale for a long time, that’s what they are called in most online stores, however, a very important point is not always specified in the description - such batteries are simply activated by water and they are not suitable for multiple charge / discharge cycles. Reviews of batteries on water say that they last for a maximum of 5 full charge / discharge cycles, after which the batteries will only have to be thrown away. With the fact that these are not eternal batteries, we figured out, now let's figure out how such unusual batteries still work.

How batteries work on water

There are special screw caps on the top and bottom of the battery, you need to unscrew one of them and immerse the battery in water for about 5 minutes. During this time, the necessary reaction will occur inside, then all that remains is to tighten the lid and wipe the battery dry, after these manipulations it can be used.

By the way, you can activate water-powered batteries by immersing them in another liquid, for example: tea, juice, alcohol or even urine, but the manufacturer still recommends using ordinary tap water or river water.

Green Gadget

If ordinary finger-type batteries lie at your place for at least a couple of years, then they may well oxidize and become unusable, and they will only have to be thrown away. Moreover, such things are thrown away, as a rule, along with all the other garbage, because. there are very few collection points for used batteries.

Batteries on the water, in terms of environmental friendliness, are far superior to their finger counterparts, because. Initially, they are completely hollow inside and can be stored in this state almost forever (the manufacturer claims up to 20 years, but it is unlikely that anyone checked this, it is quite possible that this period can be much longer).

It is also worth noting the fact that such batteries are made of special materials that can be completely redesigned.

Where to use batteries on the water

An excellent scope for such a gadget is, of course, tourism. Firstly, you do not need to depend on the sun, as is the case with solar charging, and secondly, you do not need to make physical efforts, as with manual charging. It only takes a small amount of water to operate this gadget.

In addition to tourism, naturally, such batteries will come in handy at home. After all, everyone had such a situation when you climb into a drawer in the hope of finding a battery there, for example, for a TV remote control, and those that were already oxidized and whitened, then you have to go to the store for new ones. Using water batteries Aquacell or Nopopo, this situation can be avoided. Aquacell and Nopopo are currently the two most famous manufacturers that produce water powered batteries.

One of the authors under the pseudonym "Oborotez" proposed a variant of how to make a simple and powerful battery that can run on saline. From such a battery, you can charge your mobile, turn on the radio, lighting devices and much more. Knowing the principle of operation of such a battery will definitely never interfere with those who are engaged in tourism.

Materials and tools for creating a battery:
- metals for creating a galvanic pair (magnesium and copper);
- salt;
- water;
- housing from an old battery;
- soda;
- vice;
- hacksaw;
- multimeter;
- LEDs and other consumers for checking the battery.

Manufacturing process:

Step one. Hull preparation
As a case for a new battery, the author used a plastic battery case from a scooter. Old batteries can be taken free of charge in those places where they repair scooters. First of all, the acid must be carefully drained from the battery. In this case, you need to be extremely careful, because if it comes into contact with the skin, the acid causes a burn. Baking soda is used to neutralize the acid. Also, at the end of the procedure, it is best to wash your hands with water and dissolved soda.

Step two. Preparation of a galvanic pair
As a galvanic pair, two metals such as copper and magnesium are used, since in this case it is possible to obtain a maximum current and voltage of 1.2-1.4 Volts. As for copper, it will not be difficult to find it, copper wire is perfect for these purposes, only the lacquer coating must be removed from it, otherwise the battery will not work.

As for magnesium, things are a little more complicated here. Steel with a high magnesium content can be found in old German cars, and there is also a lot of magnesium in the engine case of the Zaporozhets car. If there are no such elements, then elements from Water heaters are perfect. They are also called magnesium anodes.

From the anodes, you need to cut off the extra pins, and cut the anodes themselves into de parts, as a result, six small ones will turn out of three anodes.

Step three. Battery assembly
Now you need to take the copper wire and crush it as in the picture. The larger the wire, the larger the contact area, and as a result, the higher the current strength. Next, the copper wire is connected in series with magnesium anodes and placed in the compartments of the battery case. In this case, copper will form a positive potential, and magnesium will be negative. At the final stage, the container is filled with salt water. If the water is warm, this is good, since the current will also increase.

Battery testing
That's all, the battery is assembled, you can proceed to testing. When connecting a multimeter, the author got a result of 7.7 Volts, which is pretty good, and the short circuit current was 70 mA. The current strength can be adjusted by manipulating the plates. Experimentally, it was possible to achieve a current of 150 mA. The closer they are located and the larger their area, the more energy the battery will produce.
From such a battery, two diodes of 0.2 watts each light up with a bright light without any problems.

It is amazing! The copper-magnesium battery is easy to manufacture and is a source of practically free electricity. This is a simple water battery that can always come in handy, especially where there is no way to run to the store for a couple of purchased batteries.

The cathode is a copper tube, the anode is a rod made of an alloy of magnesium (90%) and aluminum (10%). Aluminum can be used instead of this alloy. For the battery presented in this video tutorial, you will need 4 of these bars. Holes were drilled in the bars, threads were cut into them and bolts were screwed in for attaching wires. Magnesium rods should be wrapped with a rag to avoid a short circuit between the anode and cathode.

Salt water is used as an electrolyte, to which you can add a pinch of soda. One battery outputs 1.2 volts. In total, four batteries - up to 5 volts. This simple 4-cell water battery can power two LEDs or a small radio. Gradually, the magnesium alloy wears out, but it is easy to clean it, replace the electrolyte, and you can use free electricity for three more days in a row. Have you ever had the idea to make a 12 volt or 36 volt battery?

Another variant of the copper-magnesium battery

Another such simple battery in the article. AND .

The battery runs on fresh water

How to make a battery activated by ordinary water?
It's simple - watch the video about a little experiment I did with three different types of water-activated dry batteries.
Water batteries or batteries that run on ordinary water are not a myth, but an everyday reality.
All the elements of this battery are easily accessible and you can do this experience yourself at home.