Homemade hand clamps. Quick clamps: drawing and how to do it yourself
For hundreds of years that a person has been processing wood and making various products from it, it seems that the craftsmen have tried all possible tools and devices. Meanwhile, the creation of all kinds of devices continues today. It is likely that all this has already been invented by someone in past years, but each master tries to make devices suitable for him.
Wooden picture or photo frames are compressed when glued, probably in hundreds of different ways. I myself can offer at least a dozen options offhand, here is one of the devices for this work from White Myers, Workbench website.
Tape ties are used most often for compression when gluing square or rectangular products. Such as chairs, stools, boxes and small tables. The use of this mechanism is convenient in that you can compress the entire product at once, smearing it with glue and assembling the legs, drawstrings and legs of the chair. But when gluing wooden frames, a tape screed in its usual form is not suitable. The fact is that during compression it is impossible to maintain angles exactly under 90 *, due to the uneven contraction.
In order to use the tape tie when assembling the frames, you need to make four corner blocks. The blocks have an outer rounded edge, which helps to evenly compress the product and sawn inner corner, exactly at 90 *. At the beginning of the corner, it is imperative to drill a hole to prevent the frame from sticking to the blocks. More clip options for the frame in the article.
Clip for small parts
Each woodworker uses grinding discs and grinding drums to process parts. Sometimes you have to process a large number of small wooden parts. It can be difficult to hold them in your hand, moreover, there is a risk of hooking the drum with your hands.
To make a clamp, you will need two wooden bars 150-200 mm long. and section 30/15 mm. . Bars can be made by sawing a round blank with a diameter of 30 mm into two parts. . Holes are drilled in the center of the bars for a clamping bolt with a lamb and several washers.
During operation, the necessary clearance between the platforms is immediately established, and compression is performed using a wooden wedge in the tail section. The process is quick and simple, we insert the part, push the wedge and work. We take out the wedge, change the part and again clamp it with a wedge.
Simple and functional handmade f-clamps will become indispensable helpers in your workshop and will allow you to save a lot of money on expensive clamps, which, as you know, do not exist in many. The cam-type quick clamp is optimal for situations where high clamping forces are not required: gluing narrow or small parts, edges, fixing workpieces, etc.
The cam clamp works on the principle of the classic f-shaped clamp. It consists of a guide rail and two jaws: movable and fixed. By fixing the workpiece in the jaws and turning the cam 90°, the tool will provide a strong and secure clamping. It will not be difficult to make a homemade clamp with your own hands at home, with a minimum of tools and consumables.
The proposed clamp drawing and detailing are a baseline. The design of the product is such that you can not go in cycles in materials and dimensions, changing them to suit your needs. The tire can be made from both metal and wood. You can also vary the length and width of the jaws to increase the grip depth of the clamp. Rivets or small bolts may be used instead of metal pins. The movable and fixed jaws are a mirror image of each other, so it is convenient to produce these parts in series, several pieces at once.
Having made a set of clamps and plain wooden stops shown in the photo with your own hands, you will get an effective corner clamp, which will become an indispensable tool for gluing ideal frames.
It does not hurt the novice master to find out that in the early stages it is unlikely that it will be possible to get by with just a hammer or a saw. Subsequently, you will have to resort to the use of a vice or quick-clamping clamp to fix the workpiece or glue individual fragments. Making it yourself is quite simple. There is no one clamp that is versatile enough to meet all needs for different types of work.
The use of wooden clamps
They come in a variety of styles, patterns and sizes. Therefore, you can stock up on various models that will always come in handy. The master can purchase several models of Assistent clamps, besides, they are not so expensive there. If a person does not want to pay for such a purchase, he can make a wooden or pipe clamp with his own hands. Wood models are very popular, you can make them yourself. This model is easy to operate and easy to adjust.
Model F is a wooden clamp that has been slightly improved. It uses a plank of maple 5 cm wide and 0.6 cm thick. And also in the design there is a metal rod, which is threaded. To make a pen, you need to take a wooden blank. Hardwood without defects is suitable for this.
Moving parts must be well dried in order to slide on the bar without any problems. There should be two nuts on the rod. They are located at the end and are then tightened against each other. Thanks to this, they do not diverge during use. You can use a separate lock nut or a simple permanent lock model. And two more nuts are needed to fix the clamp pads with the washer from the outside.
It is allowed to use a lock nut and other methods of fastening. Double products jam each other. This is the most reliable and easiest way. He's also the cheapest. It is important to leave some space for the screw so that it can rotate freely.
Made of wood and steel
The threaded rod is cut with a hacksaw up to 30 cm. First, it is necessary to equip an additional cut on a block measuring 9 by 7 cm, if we are talking about non-fixed ends. Once all the corners are cut, you need to drill a hole and insert the tightening bolts.
Make sure the holes are large enough to fit the bolt head. The threaded rod is fixed in the upper zone of the fixed end. The hole must be large enough to allow the nut to be inserted into the stem. Install the fixed end when intending to drill holes. When assembling, make sure that the ends are fixed at a right angle. The threaded rod due to this will become parallel to the rod.
Before assembly, it is necessary to equip a hole where the nut and threaded rod pass. Do this in the same position of the block as for the fixed end. Make sure the hole is wide enough and deep enough to accommodate the nuts. The lower area is small, making it difficult to insert enough screws here. This is necessary to prevent twisting.
The dimensions of the shelf are determined according to the desired length and the equipment available. After that, the system components are sawn to the required size, sponge pads are cut out and the necessary holes are drilled, the handles are glued with a five-minute epoxy resin. When the screw shaft is serrated with a file or sandpaper, fix the handles with epoxy glue.
Easy do-it-yourself options
A lightweight do-it-yourself clamp is made on the basis of a metal rod. These clamps, although not as powerful as steel clamps, still give you the ability to create strong holding pressure for any adhesive. Accordingly, their service life is quite impressive. The bar can be made in any length. The only thing to remember is that a threaded rod should not pass along the entire length of the main rod. The clamp head doesn't need it at this end, making it much easier to assemble. Clamping jaws are made from plywood.
The lock nut is the element that secures the clamping jaw to the stem. However, it should not be under pressure. The nut can be cut with a regular hacksaw. It is fixed with epoxy resin on the heel. The recess should be quite wide and fit the washer and deep so that the nut and washer can turn without problems.
A 35 mm nut must be used here, since it is necessary to drill a hole 38 mm across with a bottom and 15 mm deep. After drilling the recess, a through hole is made. It is required for the clamping screw. Fix the movable head in a fixed position and mark the places where the hole should be located.
Handle, screw and main assembly
They make square blanks of 25 mm and cut off 100 mm for each handle. The central part is marked and a fragment of 10.5 mm 60 mm is drilled with a drill. As an analogue, you can drill a fairly wide hole, and then cover with epoxy. But this method is considered insufficiently reliable.
The workpiece is ground to make a more comfortable handle and glued to this clamping screw. Proceed to the main assembly. This is a simple task that allows you to stick a film to a fixed head. Strengthen the lock nut and make end caps. They must prevent the head from slipping off the rod. Therefore, it is desirable to screw a small plate on the heel. Thereby slipping of the nut from the place is excluded. This acts like a hook.
Cam clamp
This device is not only useful, but also extremely simple. It must be remembered that cam clamps are fast-acting, but are not capable of guaranteeing a large clamping force on parts. That is why they are used when a relatively small cutting force is required. They are not suitable for working under high pressure, as is possible with a large clamp. However, they are extremely easy to use.
For cooking use a special template. It is needed to create curves. The template is made of metal, plastic or wood. It is used to tighten smooth curves. However, the cam mechanisms are not direct tracking of the French curve. The correct cam must have a profile, which increases the distance between the axis of rotation and the constant speed. In this, it resembles a spiral drawn with a pencil.
It does not hurt the novice master to find out that in the early stages it is unlikely that it will be possible to get by with just a hammer or a saw. Subsequently, you will have to resort to the use of a vice or quick-clamping clamp to fix the workpiece or glue individual fragments. Making it yourself is quite simple. There is no one clamp that is versatile enough to meet all needs for different types of work.
The use of wooden clamps
They come in a variety of styles, patterns and sizes. Therefore, you can stock up on various models that will always come in handy. The master can purchase several models of Assistent clamps, besides, they are not so expensive there. If a person does not want to pay for such a purchase, he can make a wooden or pipe clamp with his own hands. Wood models are very popular, you can make them yourself. This model is easy to operate and easy to adjust.
Model F is a wooden clamp that has been slightly improved. It uses a plank of maple 5 cm wide and 0.6 cm thick. And also in the design there is a metal rod, which is threaded. To make a pen, you need to take a wooden blank. Hardwood without defects is suitable for this.
Moving parts must be well dried in order to slide on the bar without any problems. There should be two nuts on the rod. They are located at the end and are then tightened against each other. Thanks to this, they do not diverge during use. You can use a separate lock nut or a simple permanent lock model. And two more nuts are needed to fix the clamp pads with the washer from the outside.
It is allowed to use a lock nut and other methods of fastening. Double products jam each other. This is the most reliable and easiest way. He's also the cheapest. It is important to leave some space for the screw so that it can rotate freely.
Made of wood and steel
The threaded rod is cut with a hacksaw up to 30 cm. First, it is necessary to equip an additional cut on a block measuring 9 by 7 cm, if we are talking about non-fixed ends. Once all the corners are cut, you need to drill a hole and insert the tightening bolts.
Make sure the holes are large enough to fit the bolt head. The threaded rod is fixed in the upper zone of the fixed end. The hole must be large enough to allow the nut to be inserted into the stem. Install the fixed end when intending to drill holes. When assembling, make sure that the ends are fixed at a right angle. The threaded rod due to this will become parallel to the rod.
Before assembly, it is necessary to equip a hole where the nut and threaded rod pass. Do this in the same position of the block as for the fixed end. Make sure the hole is wide enough and deep enough to accommodate the nuts. The lower area is small, making it difficult to insert enough screws here. This is necessary to prevent twisting.
The dimensions of the shelf are determined according to the desired length and the equipment available. After that, the system components are sawn to the required size, sponge pads are cut out and the necessary holes are drilled, the handles are glued with a five-minute epoxy resin. When the screw shaft is serrated with a file or sandpaper, fix the handles with epoxy glue.
Easy do-it-yourself options
A lightweight do-it-yourself clamp is made on the basis of a metal rod. These clamps, although not as powerful as steel clamps, still give you the ability to create strong holding pressure for any adhesive. Accordingly, their service life is quite impressive. The bar can be made in any length. The only thing to remember is that a threaded rod should not pass along the entire length of the main rod. The clamp head doesn't need it at this end, making it much easier to assemble. Clamping jaws are made from plywood.
The lock nut is the element that secures the clamping jaw to the stem. However, it should not be under pressure. The nut can be cut with a regular hacksaw. It is fixed with epoxy resin on the heel. The recess should be quite wide and fit the washer and deep so that the nut and washer can turn without problems.
A 35 mm nut must be used here, since it is necessary to drill a hole 38 mm across with a bottom and 15 mm deep. After drilling the recess, a through hole is made. It is required for the clamping screw. Fix the movable head in a fixed position and mark the places where the hole should be located.
Handle, screw and main assembly
They make square blanks of 25 mm and cut off 100 mm for each handle. The central part is marked and a fragment of 10.5 mm 60 mm is drilled with a drill. As an analogue, you can drill a fairly wide hole, and then cover with epoxy. But this method is considered insufficiently reliable.
The workpiece is ground to make a more comfortable handle and glued to this clamping screw. Proceed to the main assembly. This is a simple task that allows you to stick a film to a fixed head. Strengthen the lock nut and make end caps. They must prevent the head from slipping off the rod. Therefore, it is desirable to screw a small plate on the heel. Thereby slipping of the nut from the place is excluded. This acts like a hook.
Cam clamp
This device is not only useful, but also extremely simple. It must be remembered that cam clamps are fast-acting, but are not capable of guaranteeing a large clamping force on parts. That is why they are used when a relatively small cutting force is required. They are not suitable for working under high pressure, as is possible with a large clamp. However, they are extremely easy to use.
For cooking use a special template. It is needed to create curves. The template is made of metal, plastic or wood. It is used to tighten smooth curves. However, the cam mechanisms are not direct tracking of the French curve. The correct cam must have a profile, which increases the distance between the axis of rotation and the constant speed. In this, it resembles a spiral drawn with a pencil.
Clamp is an auxiliary tool , which is used to fix the boards when they are connected in a given position. Also, the clamp is suitable for holding boards during their sawing, for wiring a hacksaw blade, connecting various elements. Parts that require machining can be nested in the tool. Then, using a movable element, they are clamped with sponges and get to work. To securely hold parts in position, it is recommended to use two or more clamps.
Home-made staples are often made of metals or wood, and in terms of their characteristics they are not much inferior to purchased, factory-assembled ones. Since the design of the clamping device is simple, it will not be difficult to understand the principle of its operation in order to make it yourself.
Making a screw metal clamp
Before starting work, you will need to prepare the necessary materials. For the basis of the structure, a steel sheet one centimeter thick is suitable, any even trimming of the same thickness. The length of the workpiece is arbitrary, but they try to choose it taking into account the working distance of the clamp.
Main manufacturing materials:
- steel sheet;
- long bolts;
- nuts.
A drawing is being made. On the material of the workpiece, the future body of the tool is marked, which in appearance resembles the letter "C". Instead of a steel sheet, you can use a piece of profiled pipe, bent in the form of the letter "C". There are no special requirements for the thickness of the workpiece, but the design must be reliable. The choice of length is made taking into account the dimensions of the working area, the workpieces.
After marking, the part is cut out of metal. At home, small blanks can be cut with a grinder. But in the manufacture of clamps of large dimensions, it is recommended to use a gas cutter, an acetylene torch. The next stage is processing, grinding the workpiece. All sharp edges, sagging, formed when working with gas welding equipment, are knocked off with a file, and the surface is polished with sandpaper. This must be done so that when clamping the workpiece, you do not cut yourself on sharp edges.
Having prepared long bolts M 8, M 10, proceed to fasten the moving element. Why, on one side of the workpiece, nuts are welded under the selected bolts. In the absence of bolts, you can pick up hexagons, steel rods of the desired length with pre-cut threads.
At the inner working end of the screw, a flat, even part is welded, on which the function of the sponges is assigned. On the reverse side of the screw, a lever made of stud scraps is attached by welding. Its presence will speed up the process of clamping workpieces , further reducing the amount of effort applied. This completes the assembly of the clamp with your own hands.
Angle clamp device
When making a corner tool for furniture assembly, it is important to accurately maintain a right angle of 90 °. The main materials available are corners with steel strips. For work you will need:
- 40 mm steel corner 3-4 mm thick;
- steel plates 40-50 mm;
- threaded studs;
- bars for collars;
- nuts;
- welding machine;
- electric drill, taps.
Angle clamp is the most difficult to manufacture, but when carrying out certain types of work, you cannot do without it. At the initial stage, corners are welded to the steel plates at right angles, and nuts are welded to each of the corners, which will serve to create a worm structure. Another option is to drill a hole in the corner and cut an internal thread in it with a tap. The width of the working gap is selected taking into account the size of potential workpieces, but too much stroke of the clamping knob reduces the strength of their fixation.
For processing workpieces of different sizes, it is recommended to prepare several clamps!
The stud is screwed into the welded nut. At its end, an emphasis is assembled from metal washers of various diameters, which should scroll freely when the pin is rotated. On the reverse side of the collar, a hole is drilled for a metal rod. Used as a lever, it will transmit more force, so it will be more reliable to hold workpieces.
Wooden clamp - we will make from the remnants of the boards
The most popular is a wooden quick-clamp clamp, but a tool of a similar design can also be made of metal. Despite the simplicity of the design, it is very convenient when performing various tasks.
The presence of two identical clamps expands the scope of their application!
For assembly, you will need to prepare the following materials:
- pieces of boards;
- studs with pre-cut threads;
- nuts and lambs corresponding to the thread of the studs;
- slats.
First, two threaded studs of the same diameter are prepared. They must be 200 mm long. The nuts are matched to the stud threads. Two slats are prepared, preferably from hardwood. The best choice would be oak, beech, birch, ash. Reiki are adjusted to the same size. To do this, the excess length is sawn off, and the cut is subjected to grinding. After that, two holes are drilled in each of the rails with a small tolerance. Moreover, the location of the holes on each of the blanks should ideally match, and their diameter should correspond to the diameter of the studs.
Strips of plywood can be glued onto the surface of the rails. They are customized according to the size of wooden blanks, holes are drilled. The studs are inserted into the holes obtained and securely fixed with nuts on one of the rails on both sides. Washers are placed under the nuts to prevent material from being squeezed. This bar will always be fixed, but the other will be able to move freely along the guides in the form of studs.
Another bar is installed. To do this, after passing it through the studs, they put it in place. Clamping is carried out using conventional nuts and an open-end wrench, but for convenience and increased productivity, it is necessary to install wing nuts. They check the course of the clamp, if it is difficult or additional fitting of parts is required, other defects are found, then they are eliminated. The work on assembling the clamping device from wood can be considered completed, it remains to test it in action.
Properly assembled clamping devices allow you to securely fasten wooden parts during carpentry work. The designs of these types of fasteners are popular and are so simple that they can be made independently from improvised materials with the involvement of a minimum number of tools.