Application of greenhouses in landscape design. Greenhouses in landscape design: practical recommendations for construction and operation Sizes and shapes: choice

Goals and objectives:

• creating an optimal microclimate for plants: humidity, temperature, lighting and ventilation;
• organizing a comfortable workplace;
• rational use of space.

Planning the interior space

So, one of the main questions in arranging the internal space is how to make beds in a polycarbonate greenhouse. This is the first thing that needs to be thought about at the stage of creating drawings. How they will be located yield depends- and this is the main task of a gardener.

Arrangement of beds in the greenhouse depends on its size and location on which it is located. Possible options:

• two ridges with 1 passage between them;
• three ridges with 2 passages;
• transverse beds.

It all depends on the capabilities of the gardener. If it is too expensive to build, you can make the calculation for 2 beds 80-95 cm wide. The minimum passage width is 50 cm, the most convenient is 70 cm.

If financial capabilities allow, the greenhouse is designed for three beds. Moreover, the middle bed can be wider than the side ones. It is accessible from two sides, so it can be made 1.5 m wide.

Relief of the site may be with a slope, and this also affects the location of the plantings. In this case, it is advisable to place the beds across the structure. This will help maintain the light regime for the plants and will not allow water to flow down the slope from the beds.

Construction of beds and passages

Beds in a greenhouse must be raised above ground level 20-30 cm and fenced.

This will make it easier to care for plants, increase the fertile layer of soil and prevent soil from falling from the bed onto the paths.

Material that can be used for the edges of beds:

1. Tree. These can be boards, timber and small diameter logs.
   Disadvantages of such a fence:
   • fragility - wood rots under the influence of moisture;
   • the use of antiseptics for impregnation can harm plants.
2. Brick, concrete or stone. The most durable material, but it will take much longer to arrange the beds. But it will also serve for decades.
3. Flat slate or polymer materials, resistant to aggressive environments and biological influences.

Often fences are sold complete with.

Planning aisle width, we must take into account that not only will a person walk along them, he will also carry buckets and watering cans. If the passage is too narrow, they will touch and injure the plants.

Greenhouses always have high humidity, so it’s worth thinking about what they will covered paths. They shouldn't be slippery.

Best coverage options:

• dense rubber;
• geotextiles;
• decking (garden parquet).

Budget options:

• fine gravel with sand;
• paving slabs;
• brick;
• roofing felt with boards laid on top.

Don't forget about aesthetics. It is much more pleasant to work in a beautiful and clean interior space.

Partition in a polycarbonate greenhouse

The need for them arises when they are nearby adjacent not exactly friendly culture. For example, they have completely different requirements for temperature and humidity.

The most reliable way to separate different cultures from each other is to install solid polycarbonate partition with a door.

This option is best used when there are tomatoes in the greenhouse that need constant air movement in the greenhouse.

If it is not possible to install a polycarbonate partition, it can be made from a film stretched over a frame.

The main condition when installing any partition is to ensure sufficient ventilation in the room to quickly regulate temperature and humidity.

To do this, you will need additional vents or a forced ventilation system.

"Pantry" in the greenhouse

Agree, it’s not very convenient to carry the necessary things from home every time inventory for working with plants. This means that it must provide place to store it. At the stage of creating the drawing, you can calculate the space for the “hallway”.

This could be a small vestibule where there will be buckets, watering cans, a shovel, a rake, fertilizers and everything else that is necessary to care for the plants.

Shelves, cells or other storage amenities are limited only by the gardener’s imagination. If it is not possible to make a vestibule, utility compartments can be organized directly in the greenhouse.

It is especially convenient to do this when plants are grown not in the ground, but on racks. The least convenient levels - lower and upper - can be adapted for these purposes.

Photo

In the photo below: the construction of a greenhouse made of polycarbonate inside, how to arrange the beds in a polycarbonate greenhouse

Equipment in the greenhouse

To facilitate work and create ideal conditions for plants, it can be equipped with technical devices and equipment. Its minimum set is as follows:

• additional lighting;
• irrigation system;
• forced ventilation.

It will require hoses and several plastic tees. The hoses will be located on the beds, and outside they can be connected to an electric pump.

If there is none on the site, a garden barrel installed at a height of 1.5-2 m will do. You will only have to spend money on a controller with a timer, which is installed under the tap.

Ventilation

For a greenhouse, instead of expensive equipment, a hydraulic thermal drive is quite suitable. It will trigger when the temperature rises above the specified threshold. Such a device will not require electrification of the greenhouse.

Greenhouse lighting and heating

If the greenhouse is used for vegetables, electricity is needed. The specificity of the installation of the electrical network and equipment is that it must be carefully insulated, since there is always high humidity in the greenhouse.

For heating, it is best to use a miracle of technology of the latest generation. The system is good for its efficiency and the fact that the plants underneath will never overheat.

Phytolamps are used for lighting.

Growing crops on racks

If the greenhouse is intended for growing low-growing plants, it is advisable to equip it with shelving. It is convenient to place boxes with them, pots with them, or plant them in the autumn-winter period.

Shelving is installed instead of beds and assumes a similar layout in a greenhouse. This method of arranging plants allows you to save space by planting a much larger number of plants. Most often, racks are used for growing strawberries.

Advantages of shelving:

• ease of plant care;
• efficiency of space use;
• increase in yield;
• saving on heating.

Shelving can be installed above the beds. The lower tiers are planted with crops that will tolerate light shading from the shelves; on the upper tiers there are pots or boxes with more light-loving plants.

Making racks with your own hands

There can be no recommendations for the height of the racks; each owner builds them to suit his own height. But the width can be similar to what the beds are made in a greenhouse. If they stand in three rows, then the width of the shelves can be 80 - 150 - 80.

You can simply determine the height of the main shelf - measure the height of the kitchen table. If you are comfortable cooking with it, then it will be comfortable caring for your plants.

The length of the structure can match the length of the greenhouse itself or be shorter. For the strength of the structure (and it must withstand a lot of weight), intermediate racks are installed. Their number depends on the length of the rack.

The most widely used material for shelving is wood. It can withstand quite heavy loads and is cheaper than others. Timber is used for racks, and boards with a thickness of at least 4 cm are used for shelves.

All parts of the wooden structure must be treated with a special impregnation that protects against moisture and painted. Shelves should have sides with a height of 15 to 20 cm. The bottom of the shelf is lined with boards with a gap of up to 5 mm between them so that water does not accumulate in them.

Disadvantages of wooden construction:

• the need for constant processing and painting;
• heavy weight of the structure;
• inability to use with a drip irrigation system.

A much more acceptable option is a design made of metal and plastic. The assembly principle is similar to a wooden rack. Metal or steel profiles are used for racks. It also requires anti-corrosion coating and painting.

The cost of the rack will be higher, but it has advantages:

• durability;
• ease of design - if necessary, you can rearrange the greenhouse;
• possibility of using any irrigation system.

If there is no bed under the rack, you can arrange another shelf below for storing equipment and fertilizers and chemicals for processing from. In general, the number of shelves depends on the organization of access to them. If it is possible to use stairs in a greenhouse, then they can be made in several tiers.

The internal equipment of a greenhouse is no less important than what material it is made of and how it is made. By arranging it correctly, you will receive not only a good harvest, but also the pleasure of working in it. And we hope that we have answered the question of how to build a greenhouse inside using polycarbonate.

Useful video

In the video below: how to equip a polycarbonate greenhouse inside

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Every novice gardener has to face the question of how to make a greenhouse on their own plot. This design allows you to easily start growing natural, fresh vegetables and herbs in early spring, even at sub-zero night temperatures. In addition, the greenhouse is able to protect delicate plants from heavy precipitation, wind and direct sunlight.

If you choose the right building material and optimal design, you can get an indispensable garden assistant.

Greenhouse, greenhouse and their differences

In natural usage, greenhouse and greenhouse are often used as synonyms. However, this is not entirely true. The greenhouse is a large-sized structure equipped with main communications, namely heating, an artificial irrigation system, and ultraviolet lighting.

The design of the greenhouse allows you to grow various crops throughout the year. Many greenhouses are built on a foundation, and the height of the structure allows a person to easily carry out work at full height.

If you take a look at the photo of a greenhouse and a greenhouse, it will immediately become clear that the first one does not have any communications, its size is small. The main purpose of a greenhouse is to protect plants from aggressive natural conditions in early spring and cold autumn.

Structural features and type of assembly make it possible to divide all greenhouses into several classes: portable, permanent (possibly installed on a foundation).

When it comes to choosing between a greenhouse and a greenhouse, it is worth keeping in mind that installing a greenhouse is considered an expensive undertaking, in which professional farmers rather than amateur gardeners invest effort and resources.

If you organize a standard size greenhouse on your garden plot, it will be quite enough to provide the average family with a harvest. A greenhouse can be a good alternative to a greenhouse structure.

It will not be difficult to prepare seedlings in winter in cups on the windowsill, and plant them in a greenhouse in the spring. An early harvest will please any family.

Types of greenhouses

Not only the design, shape and material used for covering allow us to talk about the types of greenhouses. Their location and main purpose also make it possible to distinguish several types.

Seedling greenhouses have a small height, due to which they are able to retain heat well during frosts. In such greenhouses you can grow seedlings right away, without going through the stage of using cups where the seeds are planted.

In addition, in a greenhouse, plants receive a kind of hardening, subsequently having greater endurance compared to home ones. A seedling greenhouse can accept and grow any type of vegetables, herbs and even flowers. It makes a good greenhouse for a summer residence.

Home greenhouses are built on balconies or window sills and do an excellent job of growing a full-fledged crop. True, it is necessary to select varieties of vegetables and herbs that are adapted to grow indoors (cherry tomatoes, cucumbers, onions, etc.). By thinking through a multi-tiered design, you can save a lot of space.

Mobile greenhouses have an advantage over stationary ones, since they can be moved around the site as needed (for example, to free up space, or to expose the structure to the sun's rays). At the end of the season, the greenhouse can be easily removed from the area, saving space.

Small greenhouses make it possible to work with a small number of seedlings. The structure can be disassembled, thereby changing the size of the bed.

Care

All parts of dismantled structures must be cleaned of dirt and dust at the end of the season. To do this, you can use a solution of potassium permanganate or mustard. After this, they are thoroughly dried and stored in a dry room protected from precipitation.

In the case of stationary structures (with a foundation, glass or polycarbonate), seasonal maintenance should be carried out more thoroughly.

To prevent the proliferation of pests, the walls of the greenhouse are treated with a solution of potassium permanganate, the old soil is removed by 10-15 cm, after which new soil is added, and ash, sand, humus, and sometimes wood are added to it. Then it is carefully dug up and treated with a sulfur bomb.

The greenhouse, ready for the new season, is left open until the onset of frost or until the first snowfall. In winter, it is advisable to close the greenhouse tightly to protect it from snow and gusts of wind.

It will be useful to leave some snow in the greenhouse. In spring, melt water can have a beneficial effect on soil quality. In case of heavy snowfalls, the greenhouse must be cleaned with a shovel or broom; in case of moderate precipitation, it can be left alone.

Greenhouse material

Unlike a greenhouse, greenhouses are easy to manufacture. To install a greenhouse yourself will require ingenuity, certain construction skills, and financial costs. But you can even make a greenhouse with your own hands if you use available and, accordingly, inexpensive materials.

The covering of most greenhouses is polyethylene film (sometimes reinforced). The material is easy to find in any hardware store and its price is low. Non-woven lutrasil or spunbond is also suitable.

Due to their high cost, cellular polycarbonate and glass are not often used. If you make a greenhouse from window frames, then the issue with the covering material is already resolved, provided that the glass is intact.

The basis of the greenhouse is a frame, which can have different shapes: in the form of an arc, a triangle, like a miniature greenhouse. The material for the frame can be polypropylene pipes, metal or fiberglass reinforcement, laminated wood blocks, window frames and balcony doors.

By properly organizing a greenhouse on your site, you will no longer need to waste your energy on replanting plants after the next frost.

Getting a fresh harvest for many years ahead of everyone else will not be difficult if the design is of high quality and reliable.

Greenhouse photo

When the greenhouse frame is completely covered and the building takes on its final form, it seems that the desired finish is already on the horizon. But this is only half the battle - next in line is the arrangement of the polycarbonate greenhouse inside, on which the quality of the harvest depends almost to the same extent as on all the previous stages. How to create conditions for growing plants through proper planning, what should be in a country greenhouse, what options, in addition to traditional beds, are applicable for subsidiary farming?

Basic rules for arranging a greenhouse

You can get an idea of ​​what the proper internal structure of a greenhouse should be like by walking around an industrial greenhouse. On such a scale, the slightest planning error results in a significant deterioration of conditions, an increase in the costs of maintaining them and, as a consequence, an increase in the cost of the final product.

Ideal conditions for plants

What to consider when planning

For small greenhouses, losses are not so painful, but they can also be avoided if you listen to a few basic recommendations:

• initially build a greenhouse for a specific purpose - cultivation of seedlings, flowers, tree seedlings, common or exotic vegetable crops;
• consider the method of growing and watering - it may be more profitable to replace the beds with containers, straw bags or hydroponics;
• in the project, foresee in advance whether the polycarbonate greenhouse will be heated, and if so, what type of fuel;
• analyze whether the future construction needs artificial lighting and forced ventilation systems, and where they should be best located.

Industrial projects make the most of space

Thus, proper organization of space inside largely depends on the availability of a specific greenhouse plan. By compactly planning the premises, you will receive a structure that fully functions in accordance with agronomic tasks and does not occupy an unreasonable amount of space.

In fact, it often happens that they begin to think about how to equip a polycarbonate greenhouse inside once it is ready. In this case, it is necessary to determine the location for the equipment, leave enough space for crops to grow, and ensure that people working inside do not experience inconvenience based on the existing conditions.

It is important to provide access to the far edge

Minimum set of equipment

Given the small dimensions of the greenhouse and its operation only in the off-season, you can get by with ordinary windows and manual watering. However, keep in mind that such a greenhouse, although cheaper in cost, will require maximum attention and effort in care. To equip the structure correctly and make your life much easier, you only need to add two devices:

• automatic pusher - helps maintain the internal temperature at a given level by opening and closing the window at the right time;
• drip irrigation – provides a dosed supply of water directly to the root zone of plants and thereby saves time and energy.

Barrels for manual watering

To organize drip irrigation, think in advance where you will place the container with water - it must be raised 1-2 m above ground level and installed on a solid foundation. The best place inside is in the darkest corner, and with a U-shaped bed layout, at the end of the path. To save space, the barrel can be installed outside, but in the morning the water in it will be cold and you will have to water it in the evening.

In the middle and northern regions of the country, daylight hours are short, and to obtain extra-early or extra-late production, additional illumination is necessary. Its use reduces the harvest time, but at the same time increases monthly costs and requires the selection of high-quality lighting installations - fluorescent, LED, infrared or others.

Automatic watering

It is important to distribute the lamps at a height that provides sufficient lighting, but eliminates the risk of burning plants:

• incandescent lamps - no closer than 1 m;
• sodium illuminators with a power of 400 W - approximately 2 m;
• luminescent - 30 cm;
• LED - installation near the seedling is acceptable.

Lighting equipment

Of course, these distances are indicated approximately, since the distribution of lamps depends on many factors - the light-loving nature of the crop, the size of the illuminated area, the power of the devices, and so on.

Ventilation and heating of a greenhouse

With the onset of heat, excess heat and moisture quickly accumulate inside a polycarbonate greenhouse, and a ventilation system is needed to remove them. This can be done in two ways:

• natural;
• forced.

Natural air circulation is ensured by open doors and vents. The number of the latter is determined by the length of the greenhouse: for every 2 m, one window measuring 900x600 mm is required, for the entire total area - 25% of openings. It is important to place them on top of the building so that the plants do not suffer from drafts.

If you are building a large building (longer than 6 m), you will need fans that turn on during hot, low-wind periods and create uniform wind flows. For arranging forced ventilation inside a polycarbonate greenhouse, devices with a high degree of protection from moisture are suitable. In domestic buildings, they are usually installed at both ends above the doors: one is circulation, the other is exhaust.

Year-round and very early cultivation of vegetables, berries or flowers is impossible without technical heating. Depending on your preferred heating fuel type, you can set:

• electric convectors and IR heaters;
• heated floors - electric or water;
• gas, solid fuel boiler and pipe system with coolant.

Providing ventilation

A boiler in a polycarbonate winter greenhouse requires a vestibule - it not only prevents heat loss during entry and exit, but also ensures uniform heating inside. It is also convenient to store equipment and greenhouse accessories. However, if you do not want to change the layout of the structure, but are ready to protect the plantings from boiler heat with a casing made of metal or brickwork, you can do without a separate extension.

Layout options and possibilities

From the rational distribution of technical equipment, move on to the layout of the greenhouse. The design can be either familiar - in the form of various beds, or more modern, based on the use of shelves and racks. Think about the layout in advance, preferably in a sketch and in several versions. When looking for the best, consider how comfortable it will be for you to plant and care for plants, taking into account their height.

Design of space for ground work

When deciding what the internal structure of the greenhouse should be, start from its configuration:

• in a long structure 2 m wide, it is convenient to organize two ridges of 0.6 or 0.7 m each with a central passage between them 0.6–0.8 m wide;
• the wide (3–4 m) gable design allows you to make three beds - one in the center (the widest is up to 1.2 m, since it has access from both sides) and two side, narrower ones (up to 1 m), with such layout, separate them with paths of 0.5–0.7 m;
• In the center of a domed polycarbonate greenhouse, it is logical to install irrigation equipment or a raised bed, and around them around the circumference to arrange a concentric ridge, separated by a passage.

Arched greenhouse inside

Recently, smart beds according to Mittlider have become popular. They are narrow strips 0.45 m wide, bounded on the sides by boards or earthen borders. The width of the passage ranges from 0.85–1.05 m. With such dimensions, the cold does not linger in the passages, and the soil inside the beds warms up faster.

The photo inside the polycarbonate greenhouse shows how simply the beds are arranged “American style”, but at the same time they provide a lot of advantages:

• suitable for indoor gardens of any size;
• limit the territory for feeding and nutrition;
• allow you to use land economically and plan the harvest;
• facilitate physical labor and reduce water consumption.

Layout of narrow areas for planting

Even if you do not take into account foreign methods, it is also better to place beds of standard width not on the ground, but at a height of 0.2 to 0.8 m. Determine how much to raise them in your case, based on theses:

• the earlier you plan to harvest, the higher you raise the soil;
• raised ridges are the optimal solution for high groundwater levels;
• with limited watering, it is not recommended to arrange beds higher than 0.2 m;
• the optimal height of a warm biobed is 75 cm (15 cm – sawdust, 30 cm – manure, 30 cm – fertile soil).

Beds for tomatoes

When forming ridges, do not be lazy to check their horizontalness. A tilt that is not noticeable to the naked eye can lead to uneven distribution of moisture and nutrients, resulting in the loss of part of the crop.

Beds and paths - photo examples

Before setting up a greenhouse inside, it is always useful to study the experience of advanced vegetable growers. In the photos that are usually shared on gardening forums, you can see the solution you are looking for, fortunately, almost all greenhouses have standard shapes and dimensions. One of such finds can be considered the Pikalevsky method of planning.

Schematic arrangement of beds according to Pikalevsky for greenhouses of different sizes:

Arrangement of beds in a greenhouse 3.2x4.1 m

Layouts with wide beds are still popular, especially if small plants are grown (carrots, onions, parsley), the yield of which directly depends on the sowing area.

Conservatively minded summer residents are inclined to the classic arrangement scheme - moderately wide beds with small passages. The rows are separated by homemade or specially purchased boards made of wooden boards treated with an antiseptic, concrete, brick, galvanized metal.

Making a mini-garden from blocks

The methods of designing paths are no less varied - in order to avoid slipping on wet ground, they are not left open, but covered with sawdust, crushed stone or sand, cemented, and laid with paving slabs.

Walkway covered with crumb rubber

Arrangement of a rack greenhouse

If you want to grow berries, flowers, herbs or seedlings, the inside of a polycarbonate greenhouse may look a little different. For low-growing plants, shelving space organization is excellent, thanks to which even in a small greenhouse with problematic soil you can get a harvest sufficient for both your own consumption and for sale.

Before equipping a polycarbonate greenhouse with shelving inside, thoroughly prepare the floor in one of the following ways:

• fill with concrete (the entire area is not necessary, columnar supports are sufficient);
• lay out with brick or tile;
• install a strip base made of boards or timber (suitable for greenhouses on clay soils).

Metal corner shelving

To make the frame of the rack structure, select the material:

• wood is cheap and easy to process, but requires constant care and cleaning from pests;
• metal profile - only galvanized material is suitable, which cannot be welded, and assembling the structure with fastening hardware will take a lot of time;
• brick - it makes a heavy structure that shades the sun, but it increases the amount of stored solar heat;
• pipes made of polypropylene or PVC are light and quite durable; they, however, can be used to install small-sized drawers or shelves, and the purchase of transition elements will cost a considerable amount.

Shelves for growing herbs

The algorithms for arranging shelving made of any material are similar:

1. Build racks, the length of which depends on the overall height of the rack.
2. Make crossbars for the top trim.
3. If necessary, strengthen the crossbars with jibs.
4. Loosely lay a flooring made of planks or reinforcing rods on the top tier.
5. Use the same method to build the lower tier.
6. To organize the third level, attach pots to the crossbars of the greenhouse frame.

Convenient wooden rack

Select the height and width of the shelving structure according to the type of crop being grown. Take into account your height - it is convenient to care for plants inside the greenhouse when the upper tier is located at the level of the arm bent at the elbow or slightly lower, and you can reach the far edge without changing the position of the body.

Video: how to make beds in a greenhouse

You can learn about the pros and cons of a two- and three-row bed layout inside a greenhouse, not from your own experience, but from someone else’s experience. Two enthusiasts joined forces and spoke about their opinion on this issue in a video. Please note that in one of the examples presented, the beds are made in the old fashioned way - on the same level as the aisles.

Video: Pros and cons of different layouts

The second video shows how to quickly make beds with trellises for tall tomatoes or cucumbers in a three-meter greenhouse. To equalize the temperature of the soil inside the greenhouse, the author uses homemade heat accumulators from plastic bottles filled with water. During the day they heat up, and at night, when the structure cools down, they gradually release heat into the ground.

Video: Arranging beds with all-round access

Video: growing crops on racks

Shelving equipment inside a greenhouse does not have to be complex and bulky. See how you can grow strawberries on small pyramidal stands made from scrap material, and fill the remaining free space with bales for grape seedlings.

Video: Strawberries on racks and grapes in bags

The following video explains in detail how to grow berries in vertical structures - trukars. And another interesting technology demonstrates the possibilities of using racks for growing radishes in egg trays.

Video: What are trukars in a greenhouse

Video: How to grow early radishes on a shelf

Video: heated floor in a greenhouse

Heating the soil inside a greenhouse has a positive effect on the quality and quantity of the harvest, and the modern building materials market allows you to build heated floors for relatively little money. The principle of the device is simple: a drainage and insulating layer is laid on the floor of the greenhouse, on top of them is a heating cable or mats, which are covered with waterproofing and fertile soil.

Installation of the system requires that the contractor have electrical experience, and if he does not have it, it is better to order this service from specialists. The increase in costs is justified by safe operating conditions and a reduction in energy consumption for air heating of a polycarbonate greenhouse.

Video: Installation of soil heating, part 1

Video: Installation of soil heating, part 2

The greenhouse becomes a hassle polycarbonate: photos of finished buildings and reviews of happy summer residents can often be found on the Internet. Relatively recently fragile glass and impractical film for greenhouses have given way to a more suitable and efficient material that ideally copes with the task assigned to it - polycarbonate. The uniqueness of this material has made it so popular that today greenhouses are not only bought from it, but also made with your own hands: What lengths will summer residents and farmers go to in order to increase their harvest!

Polycarbonate greenhouses: features and characteristics

Polycarbonate for a greenhouse should be considered one of the most practical options, since this material combines all the advantages inherent in previously used glass and film, and also complements them with some quite important qualities. Among the characteristics of the material it is worth noting the following:

• The weight of polycarbonate is 16 times less than the weight of glass, which allows it to be used to construct quite complex shapes.

• Despite its low weight, this material is highly durable, which guarantees a long service life for a greenhouse built from it. Rain, hail, physical impacts - all these difficulties, so dangerous for glass, are not problems for polycarbonate.
• Polycarbonate retains heat perfectly, which allows you to save on heating the building and guarantees ideal well-being plants. Farm and country greenhouses made of polycarbonate are ideal for growing even the most capricious varieties of plants.

• The high light transmittance of the material, which does not decrease over time, is combined with the absence of a lens effect. Such characteristics guarantee the penetration of sufficient quantities Sveta, while the rays are distributed evenly and do not harm the plants.

Fact! Special spraying on the surface of polycarbonate protects delicate sheets of greenhouse plants from the harmful effects of UV rays and sudden temperature changes.

• The plasticity of the material opens up wide possibilities for the construction of complex arched structures, so popular among summer residents and farmers.

Greenhouses and greenhouses made of cellular polycarbonate are actively used not only in private households for growing two dozen kilograms of cucumbers, but also on an industrial scale: for example, in large farms. Of course, the size of polycarbonate greenhouses for large farms is significantly larger than those for private summer cottages. But the essence of the structure is the same, as are the features of its care. The practicality of the material makes it a profitable solution for those who want to get the maximum useful qualities from the greenhouse they are constructing.

Features of working with polycarbonate greenhouses

With all the advantages of polycarbonate buildings, it is possible to grow an excellent harvest in them only if you follow all the recommendations and take into account the nuances of planting in polycarbonate greenhouses. Experts advise starting work in such a greenhouse by growing one not too demanding crop in order to understand the peculiarities of the conditions. At the same time, those plants that need similar conditions should be grown in the same room: for example, tomatoes and peppers.

Before planting, the soil in the greenhouse is leveled, beds are formed and a place for each plant is determined. Experts advise carrying out a number of mandatory procedures with the soil: adding organic and mineral fertilizers, as well as treating the soil with disinfectants.

Watering in a polycarbonate greenhouse can be done in several ways:

• Manually. This method is used either in the case of a small number of plants in need of watering, or in the absence of a stationary watering installation.

• Using homemade watering installations. Craftsmen install irrigation systems that use gravity, placing pipes above the beds or in the soil.
• Using automatic systems. Such systems are used for watering industrial quantities of plants: on farms and in large farms. In addition to direct watering, such systems are used to add fertilizers to the soil, maintain a certain microclimate, and also provide ideal conditions for plants.

One of the important elements of a garden plot is a greenhouse. If you install a heated structure, you will be able to harvest crops all year round. It is hardly possible to find a person who regrets installing a greenhouse. It is quite possible to build a greenhouse with your own hands, and it can be folding, mini, or even completely resemble a greenhouse.

How to build a greenhouse on a site

Arranging a personal plot should be done not just at your own request, but thoughtfully.

Consistently and strictly according to:

• A pre-created project;
• Compliance with installation technology from the foundation to covering with material;
• Clear implementation of each stage, which affects the strength and durability of the structure.

First of all, you need to pay special attention to the foundation, since weather conditions, exposure to wind, snow and rain can damage the structure. Naturally, it is much easier to install a greenhouse without a foundation, and this will require much less effort, time, and money.

However, a greenhouse without a strong foundation should not be too high, wide, and it is strictly forbidden to use heavy material such as polycarbonate for the covering.

For a large and heavy structure, the installation of a strip and shallow foundation will be required, which will ensure maximum strength. The support must be stable, and it is on it that the structure frame will be attached. In addition, the presence of a foundation is an additional layer of insulation that can protect plants from severe frosts. The depth of the trench is on average 40 cm, half of this distance is filled with a cushion of sand and gravel. After this, formwork is installed, which should be at least 30 cm above ground level. You will need reinforcement from which the frame is knitted. The thickness of the reinforcement is 8mm. Support pillars are installed in 1 m increments.

If you need to spend less of your budget, you can fill the support pillars with concrete. To do this, you need to make holes that will be filled with a mixture of sand and gravel to a height of 20 cm. After this, formwork is made, for which you can use roofing felt. The rack for the frame is installed only vertically; they should consist of 3-4 reinforcements, connected transversely by another reinforcement, by means of welding. Next, the foundation is poured with concrete marked M350.

A universal garden greenhouse that does not need to be registered

Landscaping in a garden is not just decoration, but a carefully thought-out arrangement that not only pleases the eye, but also makes the area beautiful, attractive and, most importantly, cozy. A vegetable garden can be decorated not only with greenhouses, but also with greenhouses.

A flower garden and a greenhouse are two different things. Therefore, they should not be confused with each other. Namely, greenhouses provide the opportunity to grow various crops, and in large quantities, especially very heat-loving ones.

A greenhouse can protect a plant from:

• Rain;
• Frosts;
• Snow;
• Strong gusts of wind;
• Direct sunlight.

Greenhouses can be made beautiful and comfortable, which will bring pleasure both from operation and from the view. As a rule, greenhouse structures are small and compact in size, and they also lack additional communications.

Greenhouses are divided into:

• Mobile;
• Collapsible;
• Constant.

Regarding a greenhouse, a greenhouse is much cheaper, installs faster and does not require special professionalism. On average, for a typical plot of 8 acres, 3-5 greenhouses measuring 1.2x4 are enough to obtain a fairly large harvest.

What opportunities do garden greenhouses provide for gardeners?

Any garden greenhouse, regardless of what material it is made of: glass, polycarbonate or film, allows you to grow a high-quality and large harvest. Greenhouses covered with polycarbonate are considered especially durable and weather-resistant. However, they require a more serious approach to arrangement in terms of effort and costs. Even if the greenhouses are not heated, they can grow crops from the beginning of February to the end of November.

By installing a greenhouse on your site, it becomes possible to start collecting greens, radishes and even onions in winter. The advantages of growing greens in a greenhouse are that they are least exposed to pests there.

This design has an incredible number of advantages and consists in the fact that the most heat-loving crops, such as cucumbers, peppers, tomatoes and eggplants, will feel as comfortable as possible, will not get sick or freeze, during spring and autumn frosts. Vegetables will ripen much faster, and the leaves will not be covered with yellow spots or even holes that appear from the rain.

Advice! When growing tomatoes in greenhouses, it is worth using liquid compost from infused cow manure, nettle infusion, and it is also permissible to spray the plants with a natural infusion of garlic to prevent the occurrence of pests. Experienced gardeners believe that it is in the greenhouse that such care will have a much greater and extremely positive effect.

The greenhouse is also suitable for lovers of annual flowers, which need a lot of time for shoots to emerge and stems to develop. Thus, you can grow tender and heat-loving begonia yourself. The most important thing is that plants and flowers are grown exclusively ecologically, since a greenhouse is a kind of border or barrier that protects all crops from external factors. It is permissible to plant seeds in early February, just as many do on windowsills. The effect will be exactly the same as from growing seeds at home, naturally, provided that the greenhouse is equipped correctly and without drafts.

How to install a greenhouse in relation to site design

Install the greenhouse so that it is in the light, located in length from east to west, as close as possible to the fence, in order to use the space of the site as thoroughly as possible.

Thus, the greenhouse and the plants in it will always be exposed to sunlight.

It is especially important that there are no tall trees nearby, as they will block the light. It is imperative to remember about ventilation and install windows in the greenhouse that will be tightly fixed to the posts, which will prevent slamming. This is how you can avoid overheating the air, which has a detrimental effect on the development of plants.

What types of greenhouses are there for a garden plot (video)

Some gardeners prefer to install the greenhouse next to the house and so that one of its sides is adjacent to the walls, if possible. Thanks to this, there will be additional heating in the greenhouse, which will have a positive effect on the crops.