The correct layout of the garden and examples of planting shrubs. Layout of the garden and vegetable garden How to draw a diagram of the garden

Inexperienced summer residents, having planted their own garden, often complain that it does not have the abundance of fruits that they expected. And they begin to cut down trees, replacing them with cutting-edge seedlings. But in 90% of cases, people themselves are to blame for poor fruiting! Probably, the planting was done randomly, according to the principle “the more the better”, there was no garden layout, and here is the result - useless diseased trees.

Video: how to properly plan a summer cottage

Creating a garden, like creating a house, begins with design. Remember how a building project is chosen: they study the climate, the terrain, the availability of free space, family members, etc. And only taking into account all factors allows you to create the most comfortable and warm home.

Where does the garden begin?

The garden also begins with the study of the land on which the plants will live, and the climate, which directly affects the number of fruits. If the soil is too clayey or one sand, it is necessary to enrich it with black soil, peat and other useful components on which the nutrition of the roots will depend.

In the climate, the main factor that destroys fruiting are frosty winters, late spring frosts and excess moisture. Therefore, it is necessary to select an assortment of trees based on the climatic conditions of a particular area.

Choosing trees

Apple, pear, cherry plum and locally selected cherries are the most temperature-resistant trees. They adapt in almost any area and bear fruit, if not annually, then in a year.

Southern guests - apricot, peach - are afraid of wet springs, because early flowering at high humidity does not end with pollination. Pollen, along with moisture, settles to the ground. Dangerous and spring frosts, which just fall on the apricot blossom.

Sweet cherry absolutely does not tolerate nearby groundwater, and if reclamation is not carried out, then in a couple of years it will wither away. Raw spring also leaves its mark: the fruits crack and rot, not yet ripe.

Therefore, when choosing an assortment of trees, consider their future performance. Is it necessary to allocate precious meters on five to six acres for trees that can bear fruit once every six years (under optimal weather conditions!). Wouldn't it be better to go to the nearest supermarket and buy a couple of kilograms of apricots or peaches, which will not be very expensive in season, and plant only those plants in the garden that will provide seven vitamins in winter?

Making markup

To decide how many trees to plant and how to do it correctly, you need to draw on paper all the buildings available and planned on the site: a house, a bathhouse, a gazebo, a fence, electric poles with wires (if any) and old trees that you do not plan to uproot.

Garden on a small summer cottage

Why is this needed? Each object that rises above the ground casts a shadow that affects the development of nearby plants. Trees, bushes, garden plants will begin to stretch into the zone of constant illumination, spending their strength not on laying fruits, but on fighting for light. This will continue until the top is above the barrier. And since it is not always possible for trees to outgrow a house or a bathhouse, you will not expect fruits even after 10 years. Therefore, on your plan, mark the height of each building, as well as the cardinal points, with a number. Shadows will be located from the west and east of the objects, narrowing towards the south. Draw with strokes the places where there will be a shadow for more than half a day. This distance is equal to half the height of your buildings.

Everything that turned out to be shaded on paper is not suitable for the garden. There you can lay paths, arrange flower beds, break up a lawn, a pond, etc. In order for the trees to yield a crop, the shade zone is excluded from the plan of the future garden.

We plant plants

First decide how many trees and shrubs you plan to plant. If you don’t want to cut pears, apple trees, then you can “seat” a maximum of 7 trees per hundred square meters. Why not thicker? Because as they grow, they will begin to cast a shadow, interfering with each other in normal development.

If pruning is still planned, then the number of trunks can be increased to 15 (per hundred square meters). The most "advanced" summer residents should spend money on columnar forms of trees, which are planted at intervals of a meter.

Layout option for a rectangular plot with a garden and a vegetable garden

It should be noted!
Pruning reduces the number of fruits only in cherries and apricots, because they are located throughout the branch. They are not customary to cut. The rest of the trees are in dire need of pruning. The fruits from this will become larger, extra branches will not take light. It is best to keep the trees at a size of about 2 meters, forming a crown like a ball or a flat wall (if planting trees near the fence).

Trees are planted after four meters if it is planned to restrain their growth in the region of 2 m in the form of a ball, and after three meters if planted with a wall. The distance between shrubs (currants, gooseberries, etc.) is 1.5 m.

Rows should run from south to north. So the plants will cast less shade, and shade-tolerant crops can be planted between the rows.

Garden layout

The modern layout of the garden and vegetable garden has ceased to be strictly rectangular. And all because it is inconvenient to bend around right corners when moving with a wheelbarrow. Therefore, mark garden paths and garden beds in such a way that it is convenient to walk with inventory. Interesting examples of planning a garden and a vegetable garden can be peeped from other summer residents, on the Internet or specialized directories.

But there are general laws that should be followed so that a minimum of beds gives a maximum yield.

Those owners who did not suffer with the layout suffer with the cultivation of garden crops. Having thoroughly puffed once, planning a garden and a vegetable garden, you will save yourself from unnecessary work.

The Earth for us is a natural wealth that fed our grandfathers and parents. Today, only a small percentage of people manage to interact with it directly - coming to summer cottages a couple of tens of kilometers away, living in rural settlements or their own private house within the city. All these options often converge on one thing - cultivation work, weed removal, planting of cultivated plants and (or) ... Sometimes, all these things are carried out on the "weekend", after working working days. But, after all, you also need to relax, go out to the summer terrace or just stand on the edge of the garden and contemplate how you were able to properly plan the garden on your site.

Of course, while the endless expanses of the snow cover are in front of you, you don’t really “plan”, but you have a warm blanket, a cozy chair, you have brewed delicious tea for yourself and you can start to decide from a theoretical point of view how you want to plan the garden.

If you decide, you can give each square meter of land such a look that cultivated plants will give up to 15% -20% more yield, the flowers will be slimmer, and the eye will only rejoice

Based on this, we offer you the following theses, which We will reveal during our “journey” in planning a “workspace”:

• We decide on the landing plan;
• We form the correct dimensions and position of the beds;
• Alternation of cultures - what is it and what is eaten with;
• Combined landing;
• Crop rotation and many other "topical" issues and their solutions.

Soil in the garden

We are sure that you, as an experienced person in terms of the annual choice of crops grown on your site, know that in order to plan them, you need to know which soil in the garden is more suitable for a particular variety or variety. And if earlier this was done “by eye”, now it is necessary to correctly determine the soil composition, which means that it is imperative to find out acidity (pH).

This is quite simple to do - take samples taken in the garden to a special laboratory. Be sure, for a more accurate composition, you need to take several samples from different parts of it. If you do not want to wait a long time, pay, or are just interested, and Can this test be done at home?, we answer - albeit not so accurate, but possible. To do this, take the same “samples”, mix them thoroughly to get a literally homogeneous mass and pour some into a jar or other container. Next, pour some vinegar and see the result. There will be 2 of them, and each will point to its designation:

• On a soil sample, when in contact with vinegar, bubbles appear, which will mean neutral pH;
• The vinegar will soak into the ground with no visible reaction, which will determine acidic pH soil.

Let's say right away that this is not the most accurate analysis, but it allows you to quickly and more clearly highlight this important issue.

Planning rules or how to plan a garden

In addition to the composition of the soil, plan a site the competent arrangement of those several beds that you are already “sorting out” in your imagination will help. Here are some rules to help you with this:

• The best option for the location of the garden is a flat area. In cases where the site is on a slope, choose the southern or southeastern part;
• Be sure to resolve the issue with. Innovation or automation is not important here - it's your choice. Both large and small gardens love the availability of water, which will be more convenient for you;
• We define the soil. Chernozem is best suited to plan a garden and get a rich harvest. But if heavy clay predominates in the soil, you will have to ennoble it and bring peat, sand, or black soil itself to the site;
• If you have not yet decided how to make beds correctly and where to start, start by laying out the site at a distance from the trees. They will not create a shadow, and at any time the ground will be warmed up by the sun's rays.

• From south to north beds are located if the site you own is in a lowland. Often, the earth is constantly damp, which means that it needs to be warmed up by the sun;
• West to East, beds are planned in case of dry soil. The aisles will be under the shade of the plants, which will retain moisture;
• With ground slope, it is better to break the beds across;
• South side suitable for planning a garden, and northern- a garden, if the site is not initially flat.

We create a landing plan

We agree that planning a garden is a painstaking work that will take a single day, but without it you will not make rich harvests, and this place will not become your rest.

The first thing to start with - Draw a plan of "possessions" on paper

The drawing should contain the most complete information: shape and size, information about the acidity of the soil, its orientation. Next, break the site into zones - a garden, a vegetable garden, a residential and economic zone. It will be great if you observe, and bring in, the magnitude of the shadow from buildings, trees. Now, in order to more clearly plan the garden, we make its “model”. To do this, cut out strips of paper and write the name of the plants you will be planting, as well as important fixtures such as watering centers,. Place them, "play" and find the right combination. For those who think that these actions “can be omitted”, let’s say that it’s better to prepare on paper than to find the right places in the garden itself in the spring. When all forms and places are determined, you can think about the varieties and varieties of crops that are needed in the garden.

Correct beds

If there are no proper beds in the garden, then rest will not work - everything will be painstaking work. Therefore, we will pay attention to the beds in order to correctly plan the garden.

• Lowering or lifting

There are several positions of the beds: deepened, raised, level with the ground. The level is determined by the availability of watering every day, natural conditions. For example, if you cannot water your beds every day, then it is better to deepen them, and vice versa.

• Dimensions

Forms can be completely different, the most important thing is easy access. If the length can be any, then the width for easy access should not be more than 1 meter. Optimum width - from 60 cm. Size design - according to your desire (brick, slate, etc. or not to design).

• Crop rotation for your crops

This is one of the most important issues that must be addressed not only in order to plan the garden, but also to get a rich harvest. The sequence of "returning to the same place" is about 4 years. Therefore, we advise you to divide the entire area into 4 sections, and follow all the necessary sequences, according to the crop rotation tables.

• Combined planting crops

Here, in order to correctly plan the site, it is worth knowing which cultures cannot get along side by side, and which ones will even help to grow, forming a “community”. For example, beans and, among agronomists, are called "Three Sisters" because their growth rates are perfectly matched. But, it is worth knowing that not all plants are so “friendly”. Dill and a knowledgeable person will never plant nearby. The same applies to beans and. In order to understand exactly which cultures help, and which ones “scam” each other, see the TABLE:

Culture compatibility table

Interesting tip: garlic can not only help a person to strengthen the immune system, but also allow you to take care of the "immune system" of plants. So, they will be much less sick. To do this, make a useful infusion according to the recipe: cut 5 garlic cloves and pour boiling water over them (1 liter), and then close the lid and let it infuse for about 20 minutes. Immediately after this, in order to prevent any diseases, it is possible to water indoor and garden plants with this infusion.

Planning and planting a garden in 6 acres

Planning a large garden is quite simple, because of the good dimensions. But here on 6 acres you can’t really clear up. But this is not a problem, especially if you take into account a few nuances:

• Garage position;

Do not arrange a garage in the depths of the cottage (house), because it will be necessary to allocate a road (entrance) for the car.

• The garden on the south side will cover the vegetable garden with shade for most of the day;
• Installation of the brazier is best done from the windward side;
• The non-standard shape of the flower beds will allow not only to plan the garden, but also visually expand it;
• A mini-garden located in the barbecue area or gazebos will decorate the perimeter and save space;

To do this, the block is knocked down from the boards, earth is poured and flowers or crops are planted. The bed can be fenced with wattle to limit the beds.

• Drainage systems in the lowlands are simply irreplaceable;

If your site is located on a slope, then the lower part will always contain excess moisture. It is the drainage systems, disguised as special terraces, that will visually and actually make the use of the site more convenient.

These tips will serve as a good lesson, both in planning a simple garden of small sizes, and large plots.

So, adhering to the above measures, you can make the right garden this spring right from a piece of paper, which will bear fruit to your delight.

We wish you to relax on your personal plot and not to believe people who say that work in the countryside turns into torture. Turn your site into a fairy tale right now.

orchard you need to plan slowly, having thought everything over well, since the future harvest will depend, among other things, on the right place. For the fruit garden, you need to allocate a bright open area. It is undesirable to lay an orchard in a lowland, where water will accumulate after bad weather or spring snowmelt.

Start bookmark orchard it is necessary from inspection and preparatory work, which include cleaning the site from old stumps, stones and other debris, digging all the land on the site and analyzing the soil. Soil analysis will show you what kind of fertilizer you should apply in the future. If you spill all the land in the area with water, this will provoke the growth of weeds for their subsequent removal.

The next step is the planning of the garden plot.

The following data can influence the location of the orchard:

• Location relative to the house (in front of the house, behind the house, on the side of the house)
• Regarding the cardinal points
• The presence of other garden areas on your site - flower beds, beds, ponds, lawn, etc.

Before you break orchard, you also need to decide which breeds and varieties will grow in it. Many trees reach maturity only after 7-10 years. In this case, the harvest will have to wait a long time. In case you don’t want to wait, and you want to get a crop next year, you can plant large-sized ones.

Large sizes - These are mature trees, aged 4 to 7 years, around the root system of which an earthen clod is formed. When transplanting such trees, as a rule, special equipment is used.

When choosing tree species, one must remember that many species do not like neighborhoods and inhibit each other's growth. In addition, different trees in the orchard have completely different preferences for light and soil. It is advisable to consult with a specialist, or study the relevant literature.

Moreover, each culture has its own structural features of the root system. For example, in an apple tree, the roots can grow up to 10 m in width, and up to 6 m deep. The pear root system, on the contrary, grows deeper - up to 10 m, and in breadth - up to 6 m.

If the soil in your garden is heavy, the tree will not be able to take root deeply. Such a tree is likely to be weak.

Of course, it is difficult to find ideal conditions in our orchards for each tree. But still, the basic rules for planting trees will help you set up a healthy orchard that pleases with its harvest. In order for a tree not only to grow, but to bear fruit and be strong, it is necessary to provide it with an optimal layer of fertile soil, which will be the source of the necessary moisture and nutrition.

When planting large-sized plants, your dream of turning the site into a blooming orchard quickly turns into reality. In addition, the root system of such trees is already practically formed, and they can be transplanted without fear.

Modern technology allows you to transplant mature trees ( fruit large-sized) without much problem.

Trees prepared for transplantation should naturally be healthy and not damaged. Trees that have a hollow are not suitable for transplanting.

The crown of a large-sized fruit must be significantly thinned out (remove some skeletal branches by about 1/3 of their length) in order to avoid moisture evaporation. Cover the wounds formed after pruning with garden pitch.

The soil ball should be cubic or cylindrical.

The pit is prepared in advance (1-2 weeks in advance). Its dimensions should exceed the earthen clod (twice in height, and three times in width).

The bottom is being prepared - a mixture of expanded clay is poured, then humus, sand, peat and black soil. The percentage composition of this mixture depends on the type of wood.

After planting the large-sized plant, all the free space in the pit is covered with good fertile soil. Then, it is slightly compacted.

And, of course, well watered. Moreover, an irrigation system (aeration tube or root watering) is provided.

Additional reinforcement with guy wires will help stabilize the transplanted tree.

It is necessary to choose young plants (1-2 years). So they get along better. The root system in older seedlings is easier to damage.

Orchard seedlings usually planted in autumn or spring at rest (when vegetative processes are slowed down).

When planting seedlings, a hole is dug in advance (approximately 80x80 cm) and filled with fertile soil. The soil from the depth of the pit can be distributed along the trunk circle. If the seedling is planted immediately after digging a hole, the soil at the bottom must be compacted - tamped with feet and poured with 1-2 buckets of water.

Also, organic fertilizers (compost, manure), and mineral fertilizers are applied to the planting pit. The amount of fertilizer for each tree species is different. It is better not to add mineral fertilizers directly to the roots of the plant. Only the ground from the top layer.

Landing seedlings for orchard broken branches must be removed. The roots are trimmed (to a healthy part) only if they are damaged.

A healthy seedling should have a well-branched root system. If the roots have dried out along the way, they can be placed in water for about 12-24 hours. Immediately before planting, it is advisable to dip the roots in a clay mash.

If planting is not possible within a few days, the seedling should be wrapped with a damp cloth and several layers of newspaper.

Leaves, in order to avoid evaporation of moisture, it is better to carefully remove.

When planting, it is desirable to take into account the position of the seedling relative to the cardinal points. For 1-2 years, while they were growing in the nursery, they adapted to certain light conditions. The south side of the stem of the seedling can be distinguished by its darker brown coloration. The lighter side is the north.

Do not bury the root neck! It should be at ground level. After planting, the soil near the trunk circle is mulched, and the seedling itself is tied to a peg (not tight, with a figure eight).

Main orchard seedlings- these are pears, cherries and plums.

Happy owners of their own land plots, whether it be a summer cottage or a private house, almost immediately face the problem of competent zoning of the territory. Now there are a lot of specialists in landscape design, but our man is closer to planning a garden with his own hands. A house, a garden and a vegetable garden are their own, and here it is important to take into account all the nuances from the very beginning, because it will be problematic or even impossible to remake.

Common types of planning

Tip: in the vast majority of cases, when designing a standard garden and vegetable garden with their own hands, experts adhere to proportions according to which residential buildings account for 10% of the territory, 15% is taken by a recreation area and outbuildings, 75% is given to plants.

Despite the apparent diversity, the layout of the garden plot can be done in four main ways.

1. The most common is the rectilinear or parallel-perpendicular version.. He is chosen not because he has some special beauty, but rather because it is easier. Plus, such an arrangement is subconsciously associated with order.

Important: parallel-perpendicular forms, in terms of landscape design, create the effect of reducing space.
Therefore, in this way, the planning of a garden plot of 10 acres or more can be carried out.

1. The exact opposite would be the circular arrangement option.. Let's say right away that this is a rather specific method, and it requires certain knowledge in landscape design. An orchard and flower beds can be entered in this way, but it will be more difficult with a vegetable garden.
2. The diagonal arrangement can be called universal to some extent.. Thus, it can be done as a layout of a garden plot of 15 acres or more. So the arrangement on the standard six acres. The diagonal orientation creates a visual volume and at the same time makes it possible to easily arrange the location of various zones on the site with your own hands.
3. The fourth option can be safely called creative. There are no specific laws here, as a rule, it is a symbiosis of several of the types described above. Most often it is used in areas with incorrect configuration and broken perimeter lines.

Tip: Before you start implementing your project, be sure to draw it on paper.
If you have purchased a finished site, which already has some buildings and plantings that you do not plan to clean, they should be noted first of all and further build on the resulting picture.

Laws of rational distribution

Of course, it is much easier to plan the location of buildings, a garden and a vegetable garden on 10 acres, this is the very critical square on which such landscape delights as an open pond or a separate playground will already look appropriate. But the owners of smaller plots should not be upset either, with a competent approach, you can make a masterpiece out of any territory.

In any project, the house is the main object, they pay attention to it in the first place, so you should start with it. The approach here can be twofold, depending on the general focus.

If the site is being developed in order to grow a good harvest and in the future it should be overgrown with fruit trees and a rich garden, then it is better to place the buildings on the outskirts. Moreover, from the north or north-west side, so as not to block the sun for plants.

On the territory intended exclusively for recreation, with lawns and flower beds, it is more reasonable to locate housing in the center or closer to the front part. Outbuildings, in both cases, are recommended to be hidden in the depths of the territory, if this is not possible, then they should be decorated with shrubs or vineyards.

It is better to place a recreation area with a barbecue and appropriate furniture closer to home, in small areas it is appropriate to make a covered terrace adjacent to the house, in large areas you can equip a gazebo. So it will be more convenient to bring the necessary communications. But, of course, such a zone should be hidden from prying eyes.

If you want to regularly get good harvests and admire the beauty of your flower beds all season long, then all green spaces should receive as much sunlight as possible. Also of great importance is the layout of the orchard and vegetable garden with your own hands, because the price of improper planting is the lack of a crop.

Arrangement of an orchard

Suppose that all the torments of creativity associated with the arrangement of various zones in your country house or in a private household are already behind us and it is time to purchase seedlings. The most common mistake young owners make is the desire to plant everything and more.

But do not forget that fertile land is not dimensionless and no more than 7 tall, fruit-bearing trees can fit on one hundred square meters.

With a low or flat planting, you can fit up to 15 healthy trees and still have room for a small vineyard and shrubs. In this case, it is much better to plant less than to invest in quality seedlings, the price of which can be rather big, and uproot the trees after a couple of seasons, because they do not develop well and interfere with the growth of neighboring plantations.

Review your list.

Think about whether you need all the plants that you plan to plant.

• Sea buckthorn is certainly useful, but after the first harvest, interest in it drops sharply. Intensive growth, thorns and problematic collection will quickly discourage growing it, it is easier to buy 1 - 2 cans on the market.
• A cultivated undersized walnut is rare, in 80% of cases you will be sold a regular one. Its crown will cover a large area, and its roots can tear out a light strip foundation. It is appropriate in large areas or next to a capital cottage, creating a shadow over the barbecue area.
• Hazelnuts will take a quarter of a hundred square meters and give a lot of shoots.
• One viburnum is enough, it is better to plant it on the outskirts, near the fence. The plant is unpretentious and normally tolerates shade.
• Chokeberry or chokeberry, for a big fan. The fruits are good for pressure, but this plant loves the sun.

Any plant reaches for the light, and until it reaches its goal, it will not bear fruit normally. Therefore, by planting a seedling in a deliberately shaded area, you doom yourself to a lack of harvest, and the plant to an eternal struggle. In this case, even the best, grafted seedlings will not save you.

The shadow is about half the height of the tree. Conditionally shaded is an area where there is no sun for half a day or more. But do not worry in these places you can place paths, design elements or flower beds.

Important: trees planted near high walls will “shy away” from them, they will need to be shaped.
The only exception is the south direction.

If the goal is a large harvest, then it is better to form trees with a height of no more than 2m, in some cases the height can reach up to 4m. A comfortable distance between the trunks should be two tree heights, in other words, there should be at least 4m between two-meter plants.

Lines of trees, vineyard trellises and rows of shrubs try to arrange from north to south. Thus, you get an additional opportunity to plant low-growing crops between the rows of tall plants, there will be enough sun for everyone.

A few words about the garden

In the garden, ease of movement is important. The comfortable size of the paths is made at least 40 cm. It should be convenient not only to walk on them, but also to import fertilizers or harvest.

Based on many years of experience, we can safely say that the parallel-perpendicular arrangement of the tracks is inconvenient in this case. You will constantly stumble over right angles, and scold sharp turns.

The law works on vegetable beds, the shorter the path, the better. Therefore, feel free to combine diagonals, semicircles, or any other configuration that is convenient for you.

The width of the beds can be different, but a good bed should be raised to a height of about 20 - 30 cm and edged with a border. The internal space, at the same time, is completely filled with fertile, fertilized soil.

Cabbage, root crops and some bushy legumes like beds at least 1 meter wide. Beds for climbing beans, tall spreading tomatoes, cucumbers or melons can be made 60 cm each.

You should also take into account the mutual love or dislike of cultures.

• Rhubarb, sorrel, perennial onions and horseradish are recommended to be planted separately from the general array.
• A variety of greens, such as dill, parsley, spinach, arugula and other salads, will find their place between the main beds.
• Cabbage does not tolerate neighborhood with tomatoes, strawberries, onions or potatoes. Onions are negatively related to legumes or turnips. Cucumbers do not need to be combined with tomatoes, rhubarb or carrots.
• If we talk about a favorable combination, then legumes, corn and sorrel get along well with zucchini. Tomatoes like to grow next to parsley, beans, carrots or onions.

Important: do not forget about crop rotation.
Related plants should not be planted in one place for more than 3 years, after which redevelopment should be carried out.
Otherwise, land depletion may occur.

The video in this article reveals some of the secrets of landscape design and do-it-yourself garden planning.

Conclusion

The layout of the garden and vegetable garden on 15 acres belongs to the category of layout of large areas. Unlike miniature 6 acres, there is already room for creative thought to roam here. But we do not advise you to neglect the above recommendations, it can take a lot of time to correct errors.

If desired, even in a small area, you can organically place both the garden and the buildings and leave room for a beautiful gazebo or recreation area, the main thing is to approach this issue competently and thoughtfully. Such a landscape design technique as planning will help to realize the plan.

Garden and vegetable garden planning: preparatory stage

In order for all plants in the garden to feel comfortable, it is necessary to choose the most suitable places for them according to their preferences for soil and light. After that, it is necessary to conduct a detailed analysis of the site, which will help to rationally arrange landscape design objects, which are both finished buildings and current plantings, as well as planned ones.

• Your imagination has probably drawn a picture of a future orchard, mixborder or lawn. Guided by your inner feelings, make a rough sketch without losing sight of a single detail.
• Measure the area planned for fruit and berry crops. Please note that for each tree with spreading crowns, at least 4 square meters must be allocated. area.
• Choose predominantly flat or slightly sloping terrain for the orchard.
• For a garden, look for a place located on the south side, if this is not possible, choose another, but sunny and moderately shady.
• Conduct a soil analysis, for trees, select an area with fertile soils of acceptable acidity (chernozem, sandy loam). Also pay attention to the proximity of groundwater, as this can adversely affect the roots of plants.
• Make a list of crops that you want to see in your yard, study the features of their life activity to understand whether they will take root there.
• Plan the number of beds, consider whether you can handle the planting yourself, or if you have to call someone for help.

Creating a schema and choosing a planning model

Drawing up a diagram is a very important point, thanks to it, you do not have to constantly measure the distances between objects and take into account all the nuances of the distributed territory.

• Start designing the site from the house or square on which it will be erected. Using paper or a computer program, make a plan of the area, draw the outlines of all buildings on it, and also mark the points where trees already grow, indicating the dimensions.
• Using the measurements taken earlier, draw the outlines of the garden on the drawing, taking into account the distance from the boundaries of the allotment. If you want to create a composition of several types of trees, bushes and flowers, clearly indicate the size and distance between them.
• It is most convenient to make a color sketch, so it will be easier and faster for you to navigate the project.

Garden layout: examples of models

There are generally accepted landing patterns, the use of which will greatly simplify your task and help you correctly manage the territory.

• Decorative model. It involves the creation of compositions from decorative bushes, flowers and trees. Most often it has the shape of a circle: tall plants are planted in the center, and the edging is made of strawberries, raspberries or currants. Fruit trees are planted in the background.
• Rectangular. In this option, the garden and the garden are laid at the same time. Plants are planted in rows: first vegetables, then raspberry bushes, gooseberries, currants (at your discretion). At the end, the site is planted with fruit trees.
• Arbitrary model. The decisive factor in this case is the size of the allotment. Although, even on 6 acres, it will not be difficult for a person with a developed imagination to create a full-fledged plant world.

Do-it-yourself garden and vegetable garden planning: fresh ideas

You will not surprise anyone with vertical or pyramidal beds, gardens on the slopes or parterre lawns. We offer several new ideas with which your cottage will become even more beautiful.

decorative vegetable garden

Usually, the beds after harvesting are empty already in the second half of summer, making everything around gray and dull. An ornamental garden is a great solution to this problem. If you turn on your imagination and plan your landings wisely, soon the cottage will be transformed beyond recognition.

To make the garden look more attractive, you can give the beds non-standard shapes: ornaments from squares, circles, intersecting lines. Mini-beds will ideally fit into the garden style if you create a background of perennials of suitable colors. A border of boxwood, bush aster, lavender, parsley, undersized basil, or other crops will help separate vegetable plantings from other plantings. The entrance area will be decorated with an arch entwined with roses, clematis, lianas. Weaving from willow or walnut twigs will serve as a fence.

When planning an assortment of vegetables, combine varieties with different growing seasons. First, sow early crops (radishes, lettuces), plant plants between them that will replace them (zucchini, squash, peppers). Give preference to bush varieties, so it will be easier to care for the beds. Do not forget about the flowers: mallows, marigolds, calendula will not only be a bright decoration, but will also last until the frost.

dream garden

Wherever the backyard garden is located, the layout is not only about proper placement. It is equally important to harmoniously combine the beds with lawns, front gardens, paths and other elements of landscape design, without which a suburban area cannot exist, into a single composition.

If you put on a small one, but you want to place several objects, you can make a multifunctional building, for example, instead of a separate gazebo, attach a terrace to a garden house. It is also best to combine flower beds and vegetable beds using parterre lawns.

Cover a boring view of a fence or an unattractive structure with decorative landscaping from trees with a dense crown or a trellis entwined with lianas. And landscapes that are pleasant to the eye, on the contrary, are highlighted with decorative frames.

Think over the routes: those that will be used more often, make them as convenient as possible for movement, and winding and winding areas for walking. Draw the outlines of the tracks on the diagram.

When planning a garden, do not forget about view positions. It is especially pleasant to watch the picturesque landscapes from the windows of the house, being in the gazebo or sitting on a bench. Therefore, plant beautifully flowering large plants, as well as fragrant herbs and flowers in places of rest.

Layout of the garden and vegetable garden photo of originally designed plots

Gardeners and designers come up with more and more options for designing a summer cottage. Take a look, you might like something.

• A country house looks festive and lively if you decorate its facade and the surrounding area with beautifully flowering decorative deciduous trees, lianas, and columnar conifers. In the middle of rounded flower beds, spherical or weeping trees look spectacular.
• A rustic romantic garden looks simple and beautiful. The idea lies in natural compositions and unpretentious plants.
• The clearly structured garden area, consisting of many rectangular beds framed by boxwood borders, looks equally expressive in summer and winter.

Outcome

The layout of the backyard allows you to work out the overall picture of the garden or vegetable garden on paper so that the lines of compositions, lawns, fruit and berry plantations form a harmonious pattern.