Planting hyacinths in the fall: when and how to carry out the procedure correctly. Spring primrose hyacinth - the subtleties of growing on the site Hyacinth care cultivation in open ground

Hyacinth is a perennial bulbous plant popularly known as the rain flower.

Place and soil for growing hyacinths

Choose a well-lit and calm site for growing hyacinths. It can be planted near shrubs or trees, but keep in mind that in spring there will be enough sunlight for hyacinths, but if nutrients are too close, this is a question, as trees and shrubs will pull them on themselves. The site for hyacinths can be with a slight slope so that the water does not stagnate on it, otherwise this may contribute to the occurrence of fungal diseases and rotting of the bulbs. The depth of groundwater should not be less than 50-60 cm to the soil surface. Otherwise, or drainage from expanded clay.

The soil for hyacinths needs light permeable, with a good supply of nutrients. Fresh or slightly overripe manure is not suitable for fertilizing. For acidic soil, up to pH 6.5 is required. Add river sand and peat to dense clay soil.

2 months before planting hyacinths in open ground (for the middle lane this is the end of September - the beginning of November), prepare the soil, this is required in order to prevent root breakage during possible subsidence of the soil. Under digging (40 cm), add humus per 1 sq. m 10-15 kg, peat, sand, 60-80 g of superphosphate, 30 g of potassium sulfate (replacing 200 g of wood ash), 15 g of magnesium sulfate (replacing 250 g of dolomite flour). If the soil is sandy, then increase the amount of potassium-magnesium fertilizers by 1.5 times. Apply nitrogen fertilizer in the spring. If humus or peat was not added during digging, then add it directly to the hole when planting.

Planting hyacinths earlier will encourage growth that prevents them from overwintering. With a later planting of hyacinths in open ground, the site must first be covered with leaves and protected from rain, and after planting, return the shelter. For planting, select medium-sized bulbs, flower stalks will be more resistant to weather changes.

Large hyacinth bulbs (about 5 cm in diameter) are planted to a depth of 15-18 cm from the bottom to the soil surface, at a distance of 15-20 cm in a row. Smaller bulbs are planted smaller and thicker. Make holes or grooves, “cover” the bottom with river sand with a layer of about 5 cm. Press the bulbs into it, cover it with sand, then till the end with soil. This planting is ideal for hyacinth, as in this case the sand acts as a drainage that will not allow the bulbs to rot from waterlogging and protect against infection. Plant in moist soil or water plantings if the ground was dry.

If you plan to grow hyacinths in open ground in large quantities, then we recommend planting on high beds (15-20 cm) for the convenience of caring for hyacinths (it is easy to install shelter, quickly warm the soil in spring, protect against waterlogging and support soil aeration). Make rows at a distance of 20-25 cm, plant the bulbs at a distance of at least three bulb diameters.

You can cover hyacinths in the garden before frost with dry peat, sawdust, spruce branches, and humus. In early spring, remove the cover, as flower sprouts appear very early.

For hyacinths, top dressing is one of the main components in growing. In the spring, when most hyacinth sprouts appear in open ground, apply mineral fertilizers (20 g of ammonium nitrate, 15 g of superphosphate and 10 g of potassium chloride per 1 sq. M). When the buds begin to appear, add 1 sq. m 20 g of ammonium nitrate, 40 g of superphosphate and 20-30 g of potassium chloride. Carry out the third top dressing at the end of flowering (40 g of superphosphate and potassium chloride per 1 sq. M, without ammonium nitrate). Loosen the soil after each top dressing.

When fertilizers are applied in dry form, they are embedded in the soil, and when in liquid form, hyacinths are preliminarily watered and the dose of fertilizers is reduced.

Hyacinth Care

Hyacinths prefer clean, weed-free soil around them. Loosen the soil regularly, starting from the appearance of sprouts, the air regime of the plant is observed.

Hyacinths should be watered abundantly to a depth of 15-20 cm, but not often. Keep an eye on soil moisture, especially during the budding period.

You can grow hyacinths in pots in a prikope, prolonging the flowering period.

The aroma of hyacinths can be heard already in mid-April, it is at this time that the flowers begin to bloom their inflorescences. If hyacinths are planted in a sunny area, then in a warm spring they will fade very quickly. If you plant hyacinths in a slightly shaded place, then flowering will last a little longer. You can grow hyacinths in pots and adjust the flowering time yourself.

Usually containers are used for planting flowers: pots, tubs, bowls, boxes, etc. All these containers with flowering plants can be put on the windowsill, and in the spring they can be placed in the foreground of the garden, flower girls, decorating “artificially” your country landscape. will perfectly decorate any container, even a basket.

The period for planting in pots in a hyacinth pit is the same as for planting in open ground, i.e. around October. Dig a trench in an open area so that the sun's rays hit it as much as possible in winter. Length and

the width of the trench depends on the size and number of containers, but the depth should be such that there is another 15 cm from the top edge of the containers to the ground. After planting the hyacinth bulbs in a pot, wrap it with something to protect the pot from dirt and hypothermia (even newspapers).
Set the hyacinth pots in the trench, lay down a layer of fallen leaves, dig in with earth, and lay down a layer of foliage again. This way you protect the bulbs from the cold.

With the advent of spring, hyacinth or the so-called "rain flower" appears on store shelves. This is the miracle of miracles, in which there is something to admire: the richest palette of magnificent inflorescences of star-shaped flowers and juicy bright emerald foliage. It also has a strong pleasant aroma. So, if you are imbued with the idea of ​​​​growing a symbol of spring, love and fidelity in your summer cottage, you will be interested to read some tips and tricks for planting hyacinths in open ground in autumn and spring.

Types and varieties of hyacinths

Today, as a rule, only 3 varieties of hyacinths are distinguished:

The most famous and suitable for growing in our gardens and at home in pots is the oriental hyacinth.

There is a fairly large number of varieties of the eastern variety, which, in turn, are divided by size, color and color of flowers (white, yellow, red, pink, blue, purple, blue, etc.), as well as by flowering time in early-mid- and late flowering, while the difference between their flowering is only one to one and a half weeks. Therefore, if you do not have the opportunity to arrive at the dacha early to catch them flowering, it is better to choose late varieties.

Video: types and varieties of hyacinths

When to plant hyacinths: optimal planting dates in autumn and spring

Naturally, like all bulbs, hyacinths are planted in autumn before winter. In this case, you need to choose a time so that the bulbs have time to take root, but do not germinate. That is, if you do this ahead of time, then the frosts will simply destroy the plant that has sprouted, and if later, the bulbs will not have time to take root and will freeze again. Therefore, it is very important to know the optimal timing for planting hyacinths in the fall, which will differ depending on the region of your residence and the corresponding climate and weather conditions.

Important! If you planted the bulbs at the right time, but suddenly a sharp cold snap is expected according to the weather forecast, then you should increase the layer of mulch or cover the plantings with spruce branches or fallen dry leaves.

Thus, in the middle lane (Moscow region), hyacinths should be planted in the second half of September - early October, in the Urals and Siberia - in late August-early September, and in the southern regions - throughout October.

Is it possible to plant in the spring and how to do it

If you were given blooming hyacinths in a pot (for example, on March 8 or some other spring holiday), then after they bloom, in order to save the bulbs, the plant can be planted in open ground. To do this, you first need to cut the peduncle so that it does not take excess nutrition from the bulb. You pull out the hyacinth bulbs along with an earthen clod and bury them to the same depth at which they grew in a pot, after pouring a layer of sand on the bottom as a drainage. Then you fall asleep with nutrient soil and water, wetting the soil around the bulb, and not itself. If suddenly, according to the weather forecast, you find out that return spring frosts are expected, then on this day it is better to cover the plant bulbs with non-woven material. When you see that their leaves are dry, then they should be disposed of by removing them with secateurs or scissors.

Advice! If for some reason you do not want to plant hyacinths in the spring, then you can do otherwise. Wait for the leaves of the plant to dry out and cut them off. After that, get the bulbs, dry them and put them in storage until the autumn planting.

Video: planting hyacinths in spring

How to plant hyacinths in open ground

In order to enjoy the beautiful flowering and the beloved aroma of hyacinths for a long time, it is necessary to provide the most suitable place for planting, as well as prepare the bulbs themselves and the soil for further work.

Landing place

A well-chosen planting site can greatly facilitate the cultivation of hyacinths in the garden. At home, these bulbs grow in a very warm and dry climate, so they must be planted in sunny areas, without drafts, where there is not the slightest stagnant water, otherwise the flowers can rot very quickly due to the presence of a very thin skin.

Many people plant hyacinths under trees because they bloom at a time when there is still no dense foliage. However, it should be borne in mind that trees suck out almost all the nutrients from the soil.

These bulbous flowers look good on.

As for the neighborhood, it is beautiful to plant hyacinths with other primroses, for example, with,,,

By the way! You can grow hyacinths in large garden pots or small containers at home on a windowsill or balcony.

Soil preparation

Hyacinths require neutral soil, and it is imperative that it be loose and moisture-permeable, in other words, the most suitable is sandy loam.

Before planting, it is advisable to dig the earth to a depth of 40 centimeters and apply organic fertilizers - compost, humus or peat, as well as mineral fertilizers - superphosphate, potash fertilizers (for example, wood ash). And if the soil is heavy (clay), then the sand, too acidic - limestone (dolomite) flour.

Important! In no case should fresh manure be brought in for digging and planting bulbs.

Selecting and preparing bulbs for planting

Naturally, the purchased bulb should be outwardly dry, clean and healthy (without signs of disease and damage, especially on the bottom), and dense and elastic to the touch.

If you want the hyacinth to immediately begin to bloom powerfully, then it is recommended to choose 4-5 cm bulbs, 2-3 cm bulbs are very young, there will be few flowers, but you should not buy too large 6-7 cm bulbs, these are already quite old specimens which will need to be updated.

Thus, the better planting material you purchase, the better the plant will look and bloom more magnificently.

And before planting hyacinths, the bulbs should be pickled and disinfected in a solution of one of the special fungicides, for example, Maxim Dachnik, Fundazol, or in the old fashioned way in potassium permanganate for 20-30 minutes.

Direct planting of bulbs

Step-by-step instructions for planting hyacinths in open ground:

Video: planting hyacinths in open ground in autumn

If you want to make yourself a portable flower bed that you can move depending on which part of the garden you are in (near the house, next to the gazebo), or just dig into the ground (because you like the aesthetic look of flowers in a pot), then watch the next video.

Video: how to plant hyacinths in large garden pots

Care for hyacinths in the open field

Some time after the autumn planting, when the first cold snap begins, if you have not previously mulched your future flower bed with hyacinths, you need to do it now, or even better, cover it with spruce branches or dry fallen leaves (heavy shelter should not be done), you can with straw.

And in early spring, when the snow melts and you first arrive at the dacha, all the shelter will need to be eliminated so as not to prevent the sprouts from breaking through towards the sun.

The flowering of hyacinths, as a rule, falls on April-May, and the duration is only 1-2 weeks.

Advice! There is a little trick to getting bigger and taller flowers. Namely, in the period before the start of budding, it is necessary to cover the flower bed with hyacinths with a dark (black) film, due to the lack of light, the sprouts will begin to stretch, thereby the flower stalks will noticeably increase in height.

Watering

Watering hyacinths should be taken seriously, stagnant moisture is contraindicated for bulbs, but the earth should not dry out, so try to moderately and shallowly moisten the flower bed. Especially often (but not abundantly) it is necessary to water the plant during its budding and the beginning of flowering, as well as within 2 weeks after.

Advice! Do not forget to loosen the soil after each watering so that the earth does not crack and the flower bed looks beautiful.

top dressing

Top dressing is a very important moment of care in growing hyacinths. The standard scheme looks like this (* the consumption of any mineral fertilizer is about 40 grams per 10 liters of water, and preferably according to the instructions on the package):

Thus, if you water and feed hyacinths in a timely manner, they will delight you with their beautiful, lush and fragrant flowering.

And after flowering, be sure to cut the flower stalks so that the plant directs all its forces to providing the bulb. Now it remains to wait until the leaves of the flowers wither and turn yellow so that they can be dug up for the summer until the next autumn planting.

When to dig and how to store hyacinth bulbs

By the way! If you can not dig for 3-5 years, then hyacinths are advised to disturb and get out of the ground Every year. Although some growers have successfully left these bulbs to grow in the garden until 3 years old but it should be understood that a flower bud is laid only if the bulb has been lying for 3 months in a warm and dry room.

Hyacinth bulbs, as a rule, are carefully dug up (stepping back from the bush by 8-10 centimeters) after they have withered, dried up (but not completely) and the leaves turn yellow (approximately in May-June, about 3 weeks after flowering). Then they should be thoroughly washed under water in order to immediately discard poor-quality bulbs.

Now the future planting material must be disinfected in one of the special means, such as Maxim Dachnik or Fundazol, or a pink solution of potassium permanganate should be prepared. Then dry well, and peel off before the mortgage for storage (if desired, you can wrap it with newspaper) and put the bulbs in boxes (for example, from under shoes), bags or containers and put them away for storage in a warm and dry place. It is noteworthy that the first time you need to store at a sufficiently high temperature (+25-..+30 degrees), and then gradually lower it so that it is about +17 degrees before landing.

If during digging you see babies on the bulbs, then they can be separated and thereby propagate hyacinths, saving them in the summer and planting them separately in the fall.

If you purposefully decided to start growing hyacinths in the open field in autumn and spring, then select the appropriate variety and correctly determine the timing of planting in the ground. It would also be very reasonable to prepare the bulbs and soil in advance for planting. It is equally important to be able to store hyacinths.

Video: planting, care, cultivation, digging and storage of hyacinths

In contact with

The hyacinth genus (Hyacinthus) from the hyacinth family is wildly distributed in the countries of the Eastern Mediterranean and Central Asia.

History reference

The name of the genus is given by the name of the hero of the ancient Greek myth, the beautiful young man Hyacinth, the beloved god Apollo. Tradition says that the jealous god of the western wind, Zephyr, saw how Apollo and Hyacinth practice throwing a heavy disk, sent it to the head of a mortal. The solar god, saddened by the death of Hyacinth, created a beautiful flower from his blood. Hyacinth culture began in 1543, when several bulbs were brought from Asia Minor to Northern Italy, in the Botanical Garden of Padua. Gradually, the breeding center moved to Holland, which supplies most of the new varieties and planting material to the modern market. In Russia, the first hyacinths appeared in 1730.

Biological features

Hyacinths - varieties

Hyacinths are perennial herbaceous ephemeroid plants. They vegetate in the spring, and during the hot summer and cool winter they “hibernate”. The hyacinth bulb is large (4–6 cm in height and about the same in diameter), round, covered with thin membranous scales, lives up to 10 years. After that, the flowering weakens. From 5-6 years of age, daughter bulbs begin to appear. With their help, vegetative (not seed) reproduction of hyacinths occurs. The leaves are elongated, narrow, relatively short during flowering, then growing up to 20 cm. The racemose inflorescence on a thick fleshy peduncle can reach 30 cm in height. Flowers 12–35, bell-shaped, on short stalks, very fragrant. In the wild species, the corolla is usually blue or white. In varietal hyacinths - pink, red, purple, dark purple, blue, yellow, orange. There are terry varieties. In central Russia, hyacinths bloom from the end of April - the first days of May for two weeks.

Planting site, soil

Hyacinths are used for group plantings in flowerbeds, in the form of borders along the paths. They can be successfully grown in pots, used for winter forcing. The best place is warm, sunny, protected from the wind. Groundwater should lie at a depth of at least 50 cm from the soil surface. Otherwise, you will need to arrange drainage or a raised bed.

The soil is light, permeable, nutritious, rich in humus. Sand and leaf humus are added to the clay substrate. In light, sandy soils - nutritious compost. Hyacinths do not like acidic soils. Therefore, when planting, liming may be necessary. Do not add fresh or poorly rotted manure before planting - it can burn the bulbs.

Planting, care, feeding

Hyacinths are planted in late September - early October (terms for central Russia). The site for them is prepared already in July - August, so that the soil settles, and the weeds have time to germinate and be removed. The substrate is dug up to a depth of 40 cm, organic matter, sand (if required) and phosphorus-potassium-magnesium mineral fertilizers are added. It should be noted that when hyacinths are cultivated, it is preferable to replace synthetic mineral fertilizers with ash and bone meal, and manure with bird droppings. Nitrogen fertilizers are applied not before winter, but in spring and summer. The recommended feeding area for a medium-sized bulb is 15 x 20 cm. The planting depth is traditionally calculated according to the rule of three bulbs (two more of the same should be placed above the planted top). Accordingly, children and small bulbs are planted more often and not too deep.

Experts suggest planting hyacinths in a “sand jacket”: pure river sand is poured into the bottom of the groove or hole in a layer of 3-5 cm, the bulb is slightly pressed into it, then covered with sand to the top, then with soil. This method prevents rotting of the bottom of the bulb, protects against infections and improves drainage in heavy soils.

Watering the bulbs is required only if the ground is dry. Hyacinths are thermophilic, therefore, with the onset of stable cold weather, they are covered with dry foliage pressed by spruce paws. Removed in the spring, as soon as the snow melts. Hyacinth sprouts appear early, but they are not afraid of short-term frosts and light snowfalls.

Hyacinths - care

Care: weeding, loosening the soil and top dressing.

• When sprouts appear - nitrogen fertilizers.
• After the appearance of buds - complex (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) fertilizer.
• After the end of flowering - phosphorus-potassium fertilizer.

Fertilizers are applied to the furrows between rows to a depth of 10 cm, covered with earth, and watered in dry weather. If the weather is dry during the period of budding, flowering and two weeks after flowering, hyacinths are watered.

How to properly dig and store bulbs

In nature, in summer, hyacinths have a dormant period. Their aerial part dies off, and the bulb, being in the dry warm earth, lays a flower bud for the next year. In the conditions of Central Russia, the soil temperature is insufficient for the normal development of the future inflorescence, so hyacinths need to be dug up annually. The optimal time is the end of June, when the leaves and peduncle turn yellow and easily break off just below the soil level. For this responsible procedure, a sunny warm day is chosen. The dug out bulbs are cleared of the soil. Then they are washed in a weak solution of potassium permanganate, the children are separated (small ones remain with the mother bulb) and laid out for primary drying in a shaded, ventilated room at a temperature of 20 ° C - for a week. Then they are completely cleaned of roots and leaves, sorted by size and placed in boxes (no more than two layers), in small plastic nets or bags from old nylon stockings. Bulbs should be stored for at least 2 months in a well-ventilated, shaded room at a temperature of about 25-26°C (air humidity should not be too low, otherwise the bulbs may dry out) and another month at a temperature of 17°C. It is especially important to observe these conditions for medium and large bulbs, which should bloom in the spring.

Disease and pest resistance

In Central Russia, hyacinths are practically not susceptible to diseases and pests. Troubles happen only with gross violations of the rules of agricultural technology (for example, applying fresh manure to the soil before planting) or when buying infected planting material. Sick hyacinths are dug up and burned, the landing site and the surviving specimens are treated with potassium permanganate.

reproduction

Varietal hyacinths reproduce vegetatively - bulbs, bulbs - babies, bulbous scales. Seed propagation is used in breeding, but young plants bloom only after 5–7 years. Children are formed in adult bulbs in a small amount. This situation can be corrected by making notches about 5 mm deep on the bottom. On large bulbs - four notches crosswise, on medium ones - two. The operation is carried out after digging and primary drying. Bulbs obtained from children require growing, bloom in 2-4 years.

Hyacinth is an ornamental bulbous crop. It belongs to the Asparagus family. The culture is called the "rain flower", because it begins to bloom in the spring with the first rains. Hyacinth is a garden plant, but it can be grown indoors with proper care, and planted in open ground.

Many plant this plant on the windowsills, wanting to enjoy the beautiful flowering already in the winter. However, in order to grow hyacinth at home, it is required to create conditions close to garden.

This culture is very common in floriculture due to early spring flowering and spectacular decorative qualities.

In order for the flower to grow healthy and delight the eye with its beautiful flowering, it is necessary to plant it correctly and on time.

When to plant

If the bulbs are planted too early, the plant may die during the winter cold, and if planted later, it may not have time to give roots before the onset of frost.

How to plant and what is required for planting in open ground

It is advisable to choose a place that is flat or with a slight slope so that moisture does not stagnate in the ground.

• Superphosphate;
• Potash fertilizer;
• Magnesium sulfate;
• Humus;
• Compost;
• Sand and peat depending on the soil.

If the soil is sandy, then potassium and magnesium fertilizers need to be applied more.

Bulbs are planted to a depth of about 15 cm. The distance between them should be at least 15 cm. If the bulb is too shallow, then it is recommended to plant it at a shallower depth.

How to plant hyacinth at home

For landing at home you will need:

• Pick up pot;
• Prepare the substrate.

The pot is required to take shallow but wide enough. Drain holes are required on its bottom.

The soil can be purchased ready-made in specialized flower shops, or you can cook it yourself. For cooking, you will need the following components:

• Turf;
• Compost or humus;
• Leaf land.

These ingredients are taken in equal parts. It will also not be superfluous adding sand and peat.

To plant a culture in a room, you will need:

1. At the bottom of the container, make quality drainage layer. For these purposes, you can use small pebbles, expanded clay;
2. Lay out not a thick layer of substrate;
3. Fill with sand on top;
4. On the sand place bulb. You can have several at once so that the flowering is plentiful, however, it is required to observe the distance between the bulbs and the walls of the pot about 3 cm;
5. Deepen the bulbs slightly and pour the remaining substrate on top;
6. The substrate needs to be sprinkled with a little sand to prevent rotting.

Landing in the autumn

As already mentioned, planting planting material in open ground on a garden plot needed in autumn. In spring, this crop is not planted.

When planted at the optimal time, the bulb will have time to take root before winter and not die from winter frosts.

When frost sets in, it is advisable to cover the landing so that they do not freeze. Sawdust, dry fallen leaves or spruce branches are suitable as covering materials.

Soil before planting need to dig well. It should be remembered that hyacinth does not tolerate too acidic substrates. Therefore, it is recommended to add lime to such soil. Also, hyacinth does not like stagnant moisture. Stagnation of moisture leads to decay. Therefore, the soil is required drained and permeable.

Features of planting material and further care

bulb requirements

When purchasing, it is recommended to carefully inspect the bulb. It should not be sick, there should not be any damage on it. Its surface should be smooth, and it itself should be elastic. Shoulder and neck should be clearly visible on it.

The color of the onion scales most often coincides with the color of hyacinth inflorescences.

Dimensions are not at all an indicator of its quality, but a good bulb should have a diameter of about 5 cm.

At the same time, it is important to know that it is recommended to select an average diameter for planting in a garden plot. Such bulbs are called "flower beds". And for planting at room conditions and for distillation, it is recommended to take larger specimens.

Treatment

Before planting the bulb, it needs to be processed.

For this, a fungicide solution or a weak solution of potassium permanganate is used. It is recommended to keep in the solution for half an hour. This is necessary for disinfection.

How deep to plant

How larger bulb sizes, to great depth they need to be planted. For a bulb with a diameter of about 5 cm, a depth of 15-18 cm is suitable. For smaller specimens, a smaller depth should be made.

When planting at home, the top of the bulb must be left above the ground.

Distillation

Since hyacinths are often used in bouquets, forcing these crops is very common.

Depending on the date by which hyacinths should bloom, it happens:

• Early;
• Middle;
• Later.

With early distillation, it is required to plant a crop in October so that the plant begins to bloom by the new year. With an average, the bulbs are planted in November, and with a late one - in December.

Between planting and the beginning of flowering, on average, about 3 months pass.

In order for the plant to successfully bloom in the future, the bulb must go through a series of stages with a gradual decrease in the temperature of its content. After digging, they must be kept at air temperature. about 30 degrees for 2 weeks. The air must be high humidity.

Then the temperature of the content of planting material reduced to 22. Under such conditions, it is also stored for 2 weeks. Then the temperature is lowered up to 15 degrees also for two weeks.

The bulb is now ready to be planted in the substrate.

Also it is possible to drive them out in the water. To do this, small pebbles or sand are placed in the bottom of the container. And then water is poured into the container. It is advisable to take melted snow or rainwater. Then the onion is placed in the neck of the bottle so that the distance between its lower part and the water is about 2 mm.

From above it is required to cover with dark-colored paper, and put the vessel in a place where the temperature is not higher than 10 degrees and there is no light. After about 10 weeks, sprouts will appear. Then the paper is removed, and the vessel is exposed to a sunny and warm place.

Care after flowering

After the hyacinth has faded, it is required to remove the flower stalks by cutting.

Wherein watering and fertilizing is not recommended to stop until all leaves are withered. At the end of flowering, a period of restoration of the bulbs passes.

The plant is taken out of the ground, wilted leaves are removed. If the bulb has already developed babies, then they can be separated and later used to propagate the culture. For several days, the bulbs are dried in a warm and dry place.

In order to further obtain bulbs that are suitable for distillation, hyacinth no need to bloom in open ground. To do this, the flower stalks are removed. At the same time, the bulbs are enlarged, and with the onset of autumn they are dug up and amenable to the procedures that are necessary before successful forcing.

Thus, hyacinth is a very beautiful ornamental plant that can be grown both in the backyard and indoors. The distillation of hyacinths is very common. In order for the cultivation of a crop to be successful, it is necessary to choose the right planting material and plant it in compliance with all the features.

Hyacinth (hyacinthus) is a bulbous perennial plant belonging to the Asparagus family. Its homeland is Asia. About 30 varieties were previously included in the genus of hyacinths, but after the reorganization of the classifications, only 3 species remained. The plant reaches a height of no more than 30 cm. The peduncle is strewn with small flowers, shaped like bells. About 30 flowers bloom on one stem, exuding a strong aroma. Hyacinths can be grown at home or in the garden, but they need proper care to bloom profusely.

Landing in open ground

Grow hyacinths from seeds or bulbs. The first method is laborious and long. This technique is mainly used by professional breeders involved in the development of new varieties. Growing hyacinths from bulbs is much easier. In the Leningrad region and the Moscow region, they should be planted in open ground in early or mid-autumn. In the Urals and Siberia, it is recommended to plant them in early September. Late planting is undesirable, since the bulbs will not have time to take root before the onset of frost.

Before planting hyacinths in open ground, it is necessary to prepare the soil in the selected area. First you need to dig up the ground and add mineral fertilizer to it at the rate of 70 g of superphosphate, 15 g of magnesium sulfate and 30 g of potassium per 1 sq. m. In the soil, you should also add rotted humus at the rate of 10 kg per 1 sq. m.

Planting hyacinths

For planting in the country in open ground, it is better to choose medium-sized bulbs. Before planting, it is recommended to hold them for 30 minutes in a fungicide solution. The distance between them should be at least 15 cm, and between rows - about 20 cm. Small bulbs can be planted at a closer distance. Dry soil should be moistened.

flower care

These ornamental plants require moderate watering in dry weather. Waterlogging of the soil leads to rotting of the plant and its death.

Remove weeds as needed and loosen the soil from time to time.

Equally important is the timely application of fertilizers. You need to feed the flowers at least three times. Before this, it is recommended to moisten the earth. Nutrients are added according to the following scheme:

1. 1. The first feeding is carried out at the beginning of the growth of hyacinth. As a fertilizer, it is recommended to use a mixture containing superphosphate and nitrate.
2. 2. The second is carried out during the budding period. In this case, a mixture of potassium sulfate and superphosphate is used.
3. 3. The third is carried out after the end of flowering. In this case, a fertilizer with a high nitrogen content is suitable.

After flowering, the hyacinth begins a period of dormancy, which lasts about 2 - 3 months. At this time, it is advisable to feed the flower 1 time in 3 weeks. As soon as the dormant period comes to an end, the yellowed shoots should be cut off, and the bulbs should be pulled out of the ground, dried and set aside until the onset of autumn.

Hyacinth often develops bacterial rot. Characteristic signs of the disease are spots on the peduncle and foliage, as well as a significant lag in growth. Injured plants must be dug up and burned, and the planting hole treated with bleach.

Sometimes fungal diseases also occur in hyacinth. Their development is signaled by a plaque covering the leaves and flower stalks of the plant. You can get rid of the disease by spraying with an agent containing copper.

Distillation process at home

Distillation is a technology that allows you to accelerate the growth of plants. Since the flowering period of hyacinths is quite short, it is advisable to resort to this technique at home. In order to get flowers in March, it is necessary to dig up the bulbs in the summer. Then they need to be stored for 2 months in a dry place at a temperature not lower than +25 degrees. At the beginning of the autumn period, it is recommended to transfer the bulbs to the refrigerator, packing them in a cloth bag.

Many flower growers practice growing hyacinths by March 8th. To do this, they need to be planted at the end of autumn. Plant bulbs correctly in non-acidic and nutritious soil, a low capacity is suitable. The soil mixture should consist of leafy soil and river sand. Several bulbs can be planted in one container at once, but they should not come into contact with each other. The soil must be slightly moistened and the bulbs sprinkled on top with a small amount of loose earth. At the same time, the crown must necessarily remain open. Then, for a couple of months of planting, you need to remove it to a dark place where the temperature will be within +4 ... +6 degrees, for example, a refrigerator. Shelter is not required.