Minister of Finance of the Russian Federation Anton Siluanov. Biography, activity
Siluanov Anton, Minister of Finance
Illustration: Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation
Siluanov Anton Germanovich, Minister of Finance of the Russian Federation. Born April 12, 1963 in Moscow. His parents worked in the Ministry of Finance of the USSR, the RSFSR, and then the Russian Federation. Therefore, the future profession of Anton Germanovich was largely predetermined.
In 1985, he graduated from the Moscow Financial Institute with a degree in Finance and Credit. In 1994 he defended his dissertation on the topic “The budgetary policy of the state in the context of the transition to market relations. On the example of the Russian Federation” and received a PhD in Economics.
After graduation, Siluanov was assigned to work as an economist at the Ministry of Finance of the RSFSR. From there, in 1987, he was called up for military service.
In 1989, after demobilization, he returned to the Ministry of Finance as a leading economist. Here until 1992 he worked in the following positions: economist of the first category, leading economist, deputy head of a subdivision and consultant.
In 1992, the Ministry of Finance merged with the Ministry of Economy of the RSFSR, as a result, the Ministry of Economy and Finance of the Russian Federation was formed, where Siluanov served as deputy head of the department. In the same year, the department is divided into the Ministry of Economy and the Ministry of Finance. Anton Germanovich received the position of Deputy Head of the Budget Department of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation. A little later, he became deputy head of the budget department, and then head of the department and head of the budget department of the ministry.
In 1997, Siluanov headed the Department of Macroeconomic Policy and Banking. In 2001, he became a member of the collegium of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation.
In 2003, Anton Germanovich was appointed Deputy Minister of Finance of the Russian Federation Alexei Kudrin. In this position, he oversaw issues related to the budgets of various subjects of the federation and macroeconomic policy.
In 2004, the number of deputy ministers was reduced, and Siluanov was appointed director of the department of interbudgetary relations.
In 2005, the staff of deputies expanded again, Anton Germanovich again took the post of Deputy Minister of Finance of the Russian Federation, in which he oversaw the issues of regional activities of the Ministry of Finance.
Since September 27, 2011, after the resignation of Kudrin, Siluanov served as the Minister of Finance of the Russian Federation.
On December 16 of the same year, he was appointed Minister of Finance of the Russian Federation. Alexei Kudrin in one of his interviews commented on this appointment: “I can only say about Anton Siluanov that he is a professional who owns all the mechanisms of work, all the levers and has a lot of experience, so he is worthy of the post of minister.”
During various periods of his work at the Ministry of Finance, Siluanov was a member of many government working groups and commissions, as well as boards of directors and supervisory boards of various credit institutions and state corporations.
So, in 1999, he became a member of the board of directors of the Russian Credit Bank. In 2000, he was a member of the Supervisory Board of the Russian Agricultural Bank. In 2002, he was included in the Board of Directors of the Agency for the Restructuring of Credit Institutions. In the same year, he joined a group under the Ministry of Economic Development and Trade (MEDT) to finalize proposals for reforming the banking system. In 2003, he was a member of the commission of the government of the Russian Federation to solve the problems of closed administrative-territorial entities. In 2005, he worked in the government commission on the fuel and energy complex and the reproduction of the mineral resource base. In 2007, he became a member of the Supervisory Board of the Housing and Public Utilities Reform Assistance Fund. Since 2011, he has headed the Board of Directors of the Deposit Insurance Agency and the National Banking Council, and was included in the Security Council of Russia. Since 2012, he has been a Russian Governor at the International Monetary Fund, the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency.
Siluanov was awarded the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, IV degree, the Certificate of Honor of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation, he has the gratitude of the President of the Russian Federation and the Minister of Finance of the Russian Federation.
Married, he has a son.
Minister of Finance of the Russian Federation
Minister of Finance of the Russian Federation since December 2011, was Acting Minister of Finance from September to December 2011. In the past - an employee of the Ministry of Finance of the RSFSR (1985-1987, 1989-1992), the Ministry of Economy and Finance of the RSFSR (1992). Employee of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation since 1992. From 2003 to 2004 and from 2005 to 2011, he served as Deputy Minister of Finance. Candidate of Economic Sciences.
Anton Germanovich Siluanov was born on April 12, 1963 in Moscow,,. His father German Siluanov worked in the Ministry of Finance of the USSR, and later in the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation (for example, in 1996 he held the position of Deputy Head of the Department of Credit and Monetary Circulation).
In 1985, Anton Siluanov graduated from the Moscow Financial Institute (later - the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation) with a degree in finance and credit, after which he began working as an economist, and then as a senior economist at the Ministry of Finance of the RSFSR. In 1987, Siluanov was called up for military service in the Soviet army. In 1989, he returned to the Ministry of Finance, taking the position of a leading economist, later he was an economist of the 1st category, deputy head of a subdivision and consultant,,.
Siluanov worked in the Ministry of Finance of the RSFSR until January 1992, when, after the collapse of the USSR, the Ministry of Economy and Finance of the RSFSR was formed by merging the department and the Ministry of Economy of the RSFSR. In the new department, in February 1992, he took the position of deputy head of the department,. In the same month, the Ministry of Economy and Finance of the RSFSR was divided into two departments: the Ministry of Economy of the Russian Federation and the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation. Siluanov remained working in the Ministry of Finance and in the period until October 1997, according to his official biography, he went from deputy head of the budget department, deputy head of the budget department to head of the department, head of the budget department of the department,.
In 1994, Siluanov defended his dissertation for the degree of candidate of economic sciences. The topic of his dissertation was "The budgetary policy of the state in the context of the transition to market relations. On the example of the Russian Federation",,.
In October 1997, Siluanov headed the Department of Macroeconomic Policy and Banking of the Ministry of Finance (the department was formed as a result of the merger of the Department of Macroeconomic Policy and the Department of Credit and Monetary Circulation, which began in October 1996),,.
In March 2001, Siluanov joined the board of the Ministry of Finance,,. In July 2003, he became Deputy Minister of Finance Alexei Kudrin, and later oversaw issues related to interbudgetary relations (relations between the budgets of different subjects of the federation) and macroeconomic policy,,. A few months later, in October 2003, Siluanov became a member of the commission of the Russian government to solve the problems of closed administrative-territorial entities. The chairman of the commission, which lasted until April 2004, was Deputy Prime Minister Boris Alyoshin.
In May 2004, a reorganization took place in the Ministry of Finance, as a result of which Siluanov left the post of deputy minister and became director of the department of interbudgetary relations,,. In December 2005, the official again became Kudrin's deputy: he was instructed to oversee the regional activities of the Ministry of Finance,,,. In the same month, Siluanov was included in the government commission on the fuel and energy complex and the reproduction of the mineral resource base, headed by Russian Prime Minister Mikhail Fradkov. Siluanov remained a member of the commission until 2008,,,.
During his time at the Ministry of Finance, Siluanov served on the boards of directors and supervisory boards of various banks and state corporations. So, in 1999 he became a member of the board of directors of Rossiyskiy Kredit bank, in 2000 - a member of the supervisory board of Rosselkhozbank, in 2002 he was included in the board of directors of the state corporation "Agency for the Restructuring of Credit Organizations" (AKRO), and in January 2004 year - the Board of Directors of the State Corporation "Deposit Insurance Agency",. In 2004 and in 2008, Siluanov was a member of the Supervisory Board of Vneshtorgbank,, (in 2009 he was not on the list of board members). In addition, in November 2007, Siluanov became a member of the Supervisory Board of the State Corporation Fund for Assistance to Housing Reform, and in April 2009, the board of directors of OJSC UralVagonZavod,. Siluanov was also repeatedly mentioned in the press in connection with the support program for single-industry towns (curtailed in the fall of 2010),.
It was noted that Siluanov's specialization - interbudgetary relations - is very narrow, so he was known only to "a few specialists." According to some reports, during Kudrin's last vacation in August 2011, the minister's duties were performed by his deputies Tatyana Nesterenko and Alexei Lavrov, however, information was also published in the press that Siluanov was assigned to replace the head of the Ministry of Finance.
On September 26, 2011, Kudrin, who since 2000 had combined the posts of Minister of Finance and Deputy Prime Minister, was dismissed after his statement about disagreements between him and Russian President Dmitry Medvedev regarding the financial policy of the state (thus, in particular, Kudrin insisted on reducing the military expenses), . On September 27, 2011, Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin divided Kudrin's duties between First Deputy Prime Minister Igor Shuvalov (he became in charge of the economic bloc in the government) and Siluanov, who was appointed acting Minister of Finance. At the same time, Putin stressed that the decision to appoint Siluanov was agreed with President Medvedev,,,. On September 29, it became known that Siluanov would also replace Kudrin in the anti-crisis council of the Eurasian Economic Community (EurAsEC) and as Russian manager in the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank,. In November 2011, he replaced the ex-minister of finance and in other positions - the government representative in the National Banking Council (NBS; in December 2011 he also became the chairman of this body), the board of directors of the Deposit Insurance Agency (DIA) and the Supervisory Board of Vnesheconombank (VEB ) , .
Commenting on Siluanov's promotion, Kudrin, in an interview with the Vedomosti newspaper, noted that his former deputy was "a career financier who grew up in the Ministry of Finance." Siluanov himself, after his appointment, emphasized that in the future the policy of the Ministry of Finance would not change and that he, like Kudrin, "sees the main task in reducing the risks of non-execution of the budget." At the same time, he did not question the need to maintain the country's military spending,. In turn, experts, commenting on the arrival of Siluanov, called him a good specialist, but a "temporary figure", meaning that he lacks political weight,,. Despite these opinions, on 16 December 2011, Medvedev appointed Siluanov as permanent Minister of Finance; on the same day he was introduced to the Security Council of the Russian Federation. On January 10, 2012, Siluanov became the manager from the Russian Federation at the IMF, the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) and the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency,.
In the spring of 2012, Putin was elected as the new president of the Russian Federation, who appointed Medvedev as the new prime minister after his inauguration. In the new cabinet, Siluanov retained the post of Minister of Finance.
According to official figures, in 2009 Siluanov earned more than the rest of the deputy finance ministers - 9.3 million rubles, and his income in 2010 exceeded Kudrin's and amounted to 8.9 million rubles,.
Siluanov was awarded a diploma of the Ministry of Finance (2001), he was thanked by the President and the Minister of Finance of the Russian Federation (both - 2002). In addition, in 2007 he was awarded the medal of the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, 1st class, and in 2011, the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, 4th class.
Siluanov speaks German. The official is married and has a son.
Used materials
Renewed government of Russia: composition. - RBC, 21.05.2012
Putin appointed Medvedev prime minister of Russia. - RIA News, 08.05.2012
The CEC announced the final results of the presidential elections in the Russian Federation. - RIA News, 07.03.2012
Decree of the President of Russia. On the Governor from the Russian Federation in the International Monetary Fund, the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency, 10.01.2012
A. Siluanov was appointed manager from Russia in the IMF. - RBC, 10.01.2012
A. Siluanov is included in the Security Council of Russia. - RBC, 17.12.2011
Medvedev appointed Anton Siluanov as finance minister. - RIA News, 16.12.2011
Siluanov was elected chairman of the national banking council. - RIA News, 13.12.2011
The Cabinet of Ministers of the Russian Federation replaced Kudrin in the NBS and the councils of the DIA and VEB with Siluanov. - RIA News, 24.11.2011
Siluanov replaced Kudrin in the National Banking Council, VEB and DIA. - News, 24.11.2011
A. Kashevarova, A. Lednev. Siluanov did not shine at the university, but went for potatoes. - life news, 29.09.2011
Siluanov will replace Kudrin on the board of the EurAsEC Anti-Crisis Fund, the IMF. - RIA News, 29.09.2011
Siluanov will replace Kudrin on the boards of the EurAsEC, the IMF and the World Bank. - Newspaper.Ru, 29.09.2011
Maxim Tovkaylo, Evgenia Pismenny, Margarita Lyutova. Kudrin found a replacement in the Ministry of Finance. - Vedomosti.ru, 28.09.2011
Kudrin considers Anton Siluanov a "career financier." - Evening Moscow, 28.09.2011
Sergei Smirnov. Siluanov: there are no plans to raise taxes yet. - Vedomosti.ru, 28.09.2011
Petr Netreba. Two will work for Alexei Kudrin. - Kommersant, 28.09.2011. - №181 (4722)
Rustem Falyakhov. between two courses. - Newspaper.Ru, 28.09.2011
Anton Siluanov, Deputy Minister of Finance of the Russian Federation. - Kommersant-Online, 27.09.2011
Deputy Minister Siluanov will act as Minister of Finance. - RIA News, 27.09.2011
Who is Anton Siluanov. - Newspaper.Ru, 27.09.2011
And about. Minister of Finance appointed Anton Siluanov. - RBC, 27.09.2011
And about. Anton Siluanov has been appointed Minister of Finance of the Russian Federation. - IA Rosbalt, 27.09.2011
The Ministry of Finance prepared in advance for work without Kudrin, who was going on vacation. - RIA News, 27.09.2011
The deputies call Siluanov a good specialist, but a temporary figure. - RIA News, 27.09.2011
Medvedev dismissed Kudrin. - RIA News, 26.09.2011
Ivan Synergiev, Valentina Kalitka. Cash transfer. - Kommersant-Online, 26.09.2011
Information on income, property and property obligations of state civil servants of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation for the period from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2010 - 06/01/2011
Elena Gosteva. Deputies and officials opened their wallets. - BFM.ru, 16.05.2011
Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of February 2, 2011 N 127 "On awarding state awards of the Russian Federation". - Administration of the President of the Russian Federation, 02.02.2011
The Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation does not plan to allocate budget credits to single-industry towns in 2011. - Banki.ru, 28.10.2010
Statements of A.G. Siluanov to news agencies. - Website of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation, 16.09.2010
Anton Germanovich is the Minister of Finance of Russia (he has held this post since 2011). In the new government headed by Dmitry Medvedev, he took the post of First Deputy Prime Minister (since May 18, 2018).
Education and military service
In 1985 he graduated from the Moscow Financial Institute with a degree in finance and credit. Speaks German.
In March 1987 he was drafted into the army, served two years.
Labor activity
In August 1985, he got a job at the Ministry of Finance of the RSFSR, where for a year and a half he worked first as an economist, and then as a senior economist.
After the army, in May 1989, he returned to the Ministry of Finance of the RSFSR. During his work here, he changed a number of positions: he was a leading economist, an economist of the 1st category, deputy head of a subdivision, and a consultant.
During February 1992, he was deputy head of a department at the Ministry of Economy and Finance of the Russian Federation.
In February 1992, he was invited to the post of deputy head of the budget department of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation. Then he worked as a deputy head of the budget department - head of department, deputy head of the budget department. From October 1997 to July 2003, he headed the department of macroeconomic policy and banking activities of the RF Ministry of Finance. From March 22, 2001 - Member of the Collegium of the Ministry of Finance.
From July 2003 to May 2004 he was Deputy Minister of Finance of Russia. Then, until December 2005, he was the director of the Department of Interbudgetary Relations of the Ministry of Finance, and then he took the post of Deputy Minister of Finance of the Russian Federation.
From September 2011, he served as the Minister of Finance of Russia, and in December of the same year he became a minister. He holds this post to the present.
He was the chairman of the board of directors of the Deposit Insurance Agency (DIA), he was replaced in this post by Elvira Nabiullina.
On April 28, 2017, at a meeting of the VTB Supervisory Board, he was elected Chairman of the Bank's Supervisory Board.
On May 7, 2018, Dmitry Medvedev, nominated for the post of chairman of the new government, at a meeting with the United Russia faction in the State Duma, proposed his candidacy for the post of First Deputy Prime Minister in charge of economics and finance.
On May 18, 2018, he was approved by the First Deputy Prime Minister of the Government - Minister of Finance of the Russian Federation. Responsible for the whole range of issues of financial and economic policy, including the national project for the development of small and medium-sized businesses and support for entrepreneurial initiatives.
Becomes one of the most influential people in the political establishment. Step by step, he is moving towards gaining sole control over the country's gold reserves.
The story began in 2011 with the antics of the Minister of Finance Alexei Kudrin at a meeting of the Russian government and the subsequent resignation. Aleksey Leonidovich agreed to leave on good terms, that is, without much scandal, setting a condition for Dmitry Medvedev that he would transfer the specified post to his protege, Anton Siluanov. The awl in this case was changed to soap. What can be said about Kudrin's successor? A quiet official who has gone through all the stages of civil service in the Ministry of Finance, a guide and strict performer of all the undertakings of his predecessor, who, for his cruel policy in pension reform, was popularly nicknamed "the executioner of pensioners."
But after some time, after waiting for the time of possible new appointments of Kudrin, Siluanov proceeds to form his own team to ensure his life, but in essence the seizure of power. Because whoever has the capital orders the music.
It included:
"Tatarin" - former minister of the Ministry of Economic Development Alexey Ulyukaev ;
"Strong" - the former deputy of Siluanov and the current Minister of the Ministry of Economic Development Maxim Oreshkin;
"Purse" - Director of the Administrative Department of the Ministry of Finance Alexander Ahpolov ;
"Altai" - the head of the Gokhran of Russia Andrey Yurin;
"Rezany" - General Director of Goznak JSC Arkady Trachuk.
Siluanov himself is called "German", from the patronymic Germanovich.
By these informal names, these honored people are called subordinates. Not to offend, of course, but to speed up communication.
Alexei Kudrin always had support from above, which, however, did not save him, so the German understood that it was necessary to have his people on a horizontal level. So that the one who needs it understands - touch one link, the whole chain will fall, and this is nothing less than a real management crisis. In this regard, it cost him a lot of effort to lobby for the appointment of "Tatarin" as Minister of the Ministry of Economic Development of Russia. It is no secret that this ministry was created to counterbalance and control the Ministry of Finance. Therefore, the second echelon after the "Tatar" there arrives "Strong" Oreshkin, who until recently was the deputy of the "German".
The need to raise funds for the operational management of the operation always lay with "Purse", a friend and former classmate of Kudrin. He spudded the Ministry of Finance even under Lesha, so the transition to a new minister was not something new for him, and the flexible national character speaks for itself.
Two months ago, during a search by the FSB related to embezzlement in public procurement of the Ministry of Finance, 10 million rubles were found in Ahpolov's office, which he called "money for personal expenses"!
It is worth noting that human weakness in the form of love for precious stones runs like a red thread through the activities of Kudrin and Siluanov. It just so happened, the powers that be have always gravitated towards the beautiful! That is why at one time Kudrin entrusted AK Alrosa to the business executive Alexander Akhpolov to supervise. The “German” did not change anything, but at the same time brought to power in the subordinate organization Gokhran of Russia (diamond pantry) his former colleague in the department of interbudgetary relations of the Ministry of Finance Andrey Yurin aka "Altai".
Yurin was most suited to the new court: in addition to cunning manipulations with stones, he proved himself to be a strong business executive. Although he became famous for this in the Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund, from where he took his feet very timely. Saved only by the embrace of the "Nemets" and the appointment to the Gokhran!
At the new location, he started repairing everything that could be repaired or purchased, since the German did not skimp on allocating funds, foreseeing his future profits. The bill goes into billions of rubles! What kind of diamonds are there, Nemets thought, but greed takes its toll and in 2017 Siluanov plans to appoint his friend from Goznak Trachuk, better known as Rezaniy, as the new leader PJSC Alrosa .
One does not need to be seven spans in the forehead in order not to understand what degree of influence can be achieved by fully controlling the chain: Alrosa - Goznak - Gokhran - Ministry of Economic Development - Ministry of Finance. Siluanov builds a scheme of work in such a way as to remain the only person who understands all the nuances of moving gold, precious stones and other wealth within the country. It does not make sense to talk about abuses here - too petty. It smells of plans much more serious and far-reaching.
For example, the administration of US President Donald Trump is whispering about the introduction of a “gold standard”. All this is still at the level of rumors, but why not prepare for the "innovation" in advance, on an individual, so to speak, basis. Here Siluanov is preparing to be the first and only. And what, the team is, gold too.
But there is still one nuance, thanks to which the "German" will not be able to implement the brilliant plan - these are the revelations of the "Tatar", to which he indulges with enviable regularity.
14:46 - REGNUM A person's actions are controlled by his past.
What life experience is accumulated in the personality of Anton Siluanov, the future First Deputy Prime Minister?
Having become the Minister of Finance of Russia, he defended his dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Economics in 2012, applying his professional knowledge.
The theme of the dissertation is "Interbudgetary relations in the context of the development of federalism in Russia."
Looks like oil. The development of federalism in the dissertation is considered as the development of budgetary federalism, and this is the relationship between federal, regional and municipal budgets. Here, and it turns out: interbudgetary relations in the conditions of development of interbudgetary relations. Butter oil. And what, you ask, is the problem?
But not everything is so simple.
There are quite a few federation states in the world with a vertical-territorial separation of powers with their own budgets. The concept of budgetary federalism was coined to state and generalize precisely this fact and in the hope that real budgetary federalism would someday cease to be the focus of internal conflicts and hidden contradictions.
As long as it's a dream. In fact, even on paper, it is not possible to distribute powers and provide them with money (revenue sources) in such a way that the federal promises of human benefits would materialize in every Russian municipality, and the money would not be lost on the way to the local budget.
Therefore, as a scientific minister, A. Siluanov can be credited with his attempt to personally analyze the experience of foreign budgetary federalism and personally formulate “directions for improving Russian interbudgetary relations, taking into account the development of the domestic model of budgetary federalism and cyclical fluctuations in the economic situation.”
This is the purpose of the doctoral work.
The improvement of interbudgetary relations, it turns out, is something that does not affect the development of budgetary federalism, but only takes into account its Russian modification.
In theory, it would be necessary to develop the problem in such a way that scientifically based changes in interbudgetary relations would strengthen budgetary federalism in Russia, strengthen and expand the capabilities of its participants at all levels of government and management. In the interests of improving the well-being of citizens.
Otherwise, it turns out the improvement of interbudgetary relations for the sake of their improvement, with the loss of a conceivable result already at the start.
As a result, the goal is shifted from the result to the process.
There is nothing surprising in such a conceptual gap. Many Russian state documents and federal laws are structurally correct, but conceptually broken. There are goals, there are tasks, there are indicators of their achievement, but all of them are very weakly connected with each other or not connected at all.
You can take any state program of the Russian Federation and find in it not a single goal corresponding to the name of the program, but many goals. Where does such a multi-purpose installation hit: on a target or on a square? The answer is clear - in space, not in place.
The Ministry of Finance is the responsible executor of the state program of the Russian Federation "Public Financial Management and Regulation of Financial Markets". The purpose of the program is stated in one sentence, which gives the external impression that it is the only one. However, several goals are sewn inside the formula at once:
— ensuring long-term balance of the budget system;
— ensuring its stability in time and space;
— improving the quality of public finance management;
— improving the quality of legal regulation of the financial market.
A. Siluanov combined all this in one paragraph: ensuring long-term balance and sustainability of the budget system of the Russian Federation, improving the quality of public finance management and legal regulation of the financial market, and called the goal of the state program.
The Ministry of Finance and its subordinate structures are the only participants in this program. The question is - why does the Russian government need this program, which is of a narrow departmental and methodical nature, and the goals - with such an elusive horizon? Whatever you do, there is more to be done.
The hypothetical answer is as follows: the program is needed in order to allocate surplus budgetary funds for it, which, if necessary, could be used for a variety of non-departmental purposes. Because this state program - by definition of the Ministry of Finance itself - is of a supporting nature. What is providing? Itself, since money is also allocated for other state programs, directions, projects.
In A. Siluanov's dissertation, it is also embarrassing that out of 222 bibliographic items, sixty-eight are references to federal laws, orders and letters from the Russian Ministry of Finance, which has nothing to do with scientific evidence.
Such is the paradox: money loves an account, but words float away into infinity of meanings. The transfer of the actual, rather than the methodological approach to the development of the problem stated in the abstract to the management of the government may turn out to be unproductive in the activities of the first deputy prime minister.
The scientific model is not predictive for the minister himself.
For him and for the newly appointed governors in 2017, it turned out to be news and a mystery - where did the skeletons in the budget cabinet of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation come from in the form of voluminous commercial loans. At a time when the government did everything to equalize the budgetary security of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
2 trillion 300 billion rubles - this is the debt of the subjects of the Russian Federation. These are both commercial debts and overdue debts of budgetary organizations (schools, hospitals, higher educational institutions). In one and a half dozen regions, the amount of debt is up to one hundred percent of the value of annual income, in thirty - up to eighty percent. Thirty more have less than 50% of their income.
The finance minister now hopes to reduce the share of commercial debt to 50 percent of tax and non-tax revenues by at least 2020. We need an inventory, after which there will be a redistribution — “more targeted” — of the volume of interbudgetary transfers.
This is an indirect (or direct?) result of the implementation of the state program "Management of public finances and regulation of financial markets."
As First Deputy Prime Minister Siluanov, it will no longer be possible to step on the rake of budgetary insecurity of regional and municipal powers, which have already been transferred vertically down, but not backed up by resources. We will either have to increase the budget-transfer support, or remove the powers that are not provided with resources. In the worst case, the problems will grow like a snowball. And no breakthrough development at the level of the subjects of the Russian Federation will happen.
In fairness, it should be said that the situation in the regions is much better than before. In 2013, the budget deficit of the subjects of the Russian Federation was ten percent of their own revenue sources. And last year it was minimal.
The Ministry of Finance also took care to ensure that the migration of the tax base does not lead to the loss of regional self-sufficiency, and that the regions have a stable income base and are stimulated to develop their economic potential. We will learn about measures to ensure a better situation shortly after the formation of a new cabinet of ministers.
Any system is good if the Ministry of Finance knows why it is bad
A. Siluanov believes that the ministry is always at the forefront of the economy, and its specialists are very highly qualified and fairly equipped and in many ways better versed in certain sectors than sectoral departments. All branch departments are considered with his colleagues from the Ministry of Finance.
The minister himself, on average, receives a monthly salary three times higher than the prime minister's. Approximately 1.7 million rubles.
Daria Antonova © IA REGNUM
Out of habit or verbal figurativeness, the minister uses Lenin's expression that politics is a concentrated expression of economics.
In fact, in the Siluanov-Medvedev government, it is not the economy that will determine politics, and it will not be politics that will determine the economy. Both economy and politics will be centered by the budget.
Did it happen like that or did it happen like that?
Chairman of the Duma Budget Committee A. Makarov has already proved from the rostrum of the State Duma that only the budget strategy will save us, because we have no quality of the economic forecast. The socio-economic development forecast can change five times during the year. Even at a time when the law on the federal budget is already in the State Duma.
He is right when he says that we have a lot of strategies, and a lot of people have already learned how to write strategies and even then report on how well they were written, but in general, the effectiveness of these strategies is low.
This applies to government programming in general. Therefore, the function of the main arbiter in the process of integrating strategic plans, budgeting and management in the strategic documentary chaos is forced to continue to be performed by the Ministry of Finance.
Previously, the drafting of the federal budget was preceded by the Budget Address of the President of the Russian Federation. After last year's regular amendments to the Budget Code, the main directions of the budgetary, tax and customs-tariff policy of the Russian Federation are developed and submitted to the government exclusively by the Ministry of Finance.
The Ministry of Finance annually receives budget requests for the next year and the subsequent planned two-year period from ministries and departments and then sends to the ministries a "return" distribution of budget allocations for state programs. What it is?
This means that the Ministry of Finance analyzed the budget requests of departments, reevaluated them and “returned” them in the form of limit figures for approval to the ministers. If the ministry does not agree, then a list of uncoordinated issues is compiled and sent to the Ministry of Finance.
The arbiter - in case of disagreement of ministries and departments with the adjustment of the Ministry of Finance - is the government. But such cases, when disagreements with finance ministry officials would be brought to the level of the prime minister, if they happen, are very rare.
It turns out that the goals, tasks of sectoral activities and the necessary resources to achieve them are reviewed and opposed in the financial department, as if it is there that the priorities in the socio-economic development of the country are determined. According to law - it shouldn't be like that. In practice, it turns out the way it works.
The Ministry of Finance does not correct the goals and objectives of the ministries, leaving them at the discretion of the department. Maybe he doesn't even read them. Just at his own (methodological?) discretion, he uses two of the four actions from the multiplication table.
Therefore, the future appointment of A. Siluanov as the first deputy chairman of the government is rather a formalization of his actual place in the government system of planning, forecasting and management. Perhaps, at this stage in the history of the Russian state, this is correct.
If we synthesize thoughts from A. Siluanov's most recent public speeches, we get the following program of actions for the First Economic Deputy Prime Minister.
The fiscal rule will remain, the essence of which is to maintain the estimated value of oil prices and curb inflation. According to the minister, this is not only a measure to preserve reserves and form a safety cushion for the budget, but also the predictability that we will not have the risk of a repeat of the crises that have been in recent years. Because the crises were mostly related to the budget. Oil prices were falling, and incomes were falling accordingly, expenses were not financed, everything was “cut”, the deficit increased, high inflation, destabilization of the exchange rate, and so on. Actually, this is how crises have always developed. And this year we estimate up to 3% of GDP additional foreign exchange earnings from oil and gas revenues to the reserves.
We have reduced the share of defense spending. The share of spending on health care and human capital, on the contrary, has increased. Siluanov believes that one of the key tasks is to improve infrastructure. Obviously, without this, there will be no economic growth. These are both roads and air traffic. Especially in the eastern part of our country, in the Far East. The only way to get from Vladivostok to Khabarovsk is through Moscow. This is completely unacceptable. Therefore, the issue of infrastructure will obviously be one of the priorities in the next budget plans.
The same is true for investing in human capital. We need to involve more people (especially vulnerable groups) in active production processes. On the other hand, the best quality of services should be available to the population, regardless of whether you are in Moscow or anywhere else in our country. And there is a backlog here. We need to raise these issues.
What could be the sources? The first, of course, is taxes. And the improvement of administration, which also reduces the shadow sector. From there, money will be taken for priorities. Thus, changes in the tax system and improved administration are the main sources of revenue for maneuver.
We must create a climate in our country that would be more liberal, more attractive, in order to neutralize the impact of the restrictions that are being imposed on Russia. Here are taxes, currency liberalization, improved competition, including a reduction in the share of the public sector and an improvement in the position of companies (not state-owned companies, which today largely dominate in certain sectors). Therefore, the issue of currency control and currency regulation is one of the important ones on the agenda.
For customs: by 2020, several electronic declaration centers will be created, which will allow customs clearance, export and import of participants in foreign economic activity without contact with a customs officer. Such remote interaction with customs will reduce both administrative costs and corruption risks. This will ultimately improve administration. All this is done so that normal conscientious companies can work at lower costs and bring more income.
As it will be in reality - we'll see.