Earth globe map online. Earth Model - Globe

The modern Internet really provides a lot of useful opportunities to those people who are looking for them. For example, a lover of geography or simply beautiful views may find a virtual globe of the Earth made in 3D very interesting.

You can find quite a lot of services online that offer to view and study a map of the Earth’s globe online. Naturally, I would like to consider the most interesting of them.

Mother Earth is one of the most visual virtual globes of the Earth

Indeed, it is this option that offers you to look not only at the Earth globe online, but also provides a number of opportunities for changing the resulting image.

What is needed for this:

• Go to the main page of the online service http://oos.moxiecode.com/js_webgl/world/index.html, where the 3D model will be presented in its classic version against the backdrop of the starry sky and our Sun;
• The image can be easily rotated in different directions by controlling the rotations with the mouse;
• What’s most important is that everything is absolutely free!

If desired, you can easily change the display option. To do this, you need to pay attention to the small menu located in the upper right corner of the working screen. In addition to the classic one, you can find six more options for the virtual globe of the Earth:

1. Blocks - displays the continents of the planet in the form of unique blocks.
2. Geodesic - makes it possible to evaluate the relief.
3. Lines - similar to the previous option, only the model is presented in the form of spectacular vertical lines.
4. Horizontal Lines - as the name suggests, the lines will now be positioned horizontally. Looks very interesting.
5. Half Spheres - something fantastic is created using hemispheres.

There is another option - particles. What exactly it shows is not entirely clear. But it looks very original. Perhaps these are communication towers that transmit their signals throughout the planetary network.

Alternative online services

Of the alternative online globes on our planet, it is worth paying attention to three options presented on the website www.webglearth.com. This resource offers a rather interesting alternative:

The last option is a real find for historians who do not have the opportunity to get to Rome and personally examine this relic.

According to the stories of astronauts, there is no more beautiful and bewitching picture than the view of the Earth from space. When you look at a small ball consisting of white clouds, brown earth and blue water, it is impossible to take your eyes off...

Today we will look at several cool online 3D Earth globes, which you can use directly from this page. They are all interactive and you can interact with them. There is no need to download and install additional programs like Google Earth, etc. - just open this page in your browser and enjoy.

Photorealistic 3D Earth globe

This is a three-dimensional model of the world, on which photo textures obtained by NASSA satellites are stretched.

You can spin the ball in different directions by holding down the left mouse button. Rotating the mouse wheel up increases the viewing scale, downwards - on the contrary, decreases it.

At maximum zoom, the textures become blurry, so I recommend that you do not get too carried away with scaling.

The blur is due to the fact that the model uses low-resolution photographs. Otherwise, loading them in the browser would take too long.

This 3D globe allows you to see our planet almost the way astronauts see it. Well, or close to it :)

Virtual globe of the Earth

This 3D model of the world does not have raster textures, like the previous one, but vector ones, so here scaling can be done down to individual buildings. At maximum magnification there are even house numbers and street names.

Historical globe

It demonstrates how our ancestors saw our Earth at the end of the 18th century. Its authorship belongs to the famous geographer and cartographer Giovanni Maria Cassini, and it was published in Rome in 1790.

It is also fully interactive, you can twist, rotate, zoom in or out of the map. Looking at it, you understand how much the world has changed in just 200 years, and how many events were behind it all...

And here is the actual globe itself (1790), from which this online 3d model was made:

Finally, a stunningly beautiful video about what the Earth really looks like from space:

Friends, share your impressions, opinions and ask questions in the comments!

We have all seen the globe, but do we know everything about it? In this lesson you will learn a lot about the globe model. Get acquainted with the ideas of ancient people about the appearance of the Earth. Learn about Magellan's discovery of the spherical shape of the Earth. Consider a model of the globe - a globe, and find out which lines on the globe are called meridians and parallels, why they are needed, what the equator is and where the prime meridian lies. You will learn about the history of the creation of globes and their huge variety.

Topic: The planet we live on

Lesson: Globe - model of the globe

The correct idea of ​​the Earth and its form did not develop among different peoples immediately and not at the same time, but people relied primarily on myths. Some peoples believed that the Earth was flat and supported by three whales that swam in the vast ocean.

Rice. 1. Mythical representation of the globe

The ancient Indians imagined the Earth as a hemisphere, held by elephants standing on a huge turtle.

Rice. 2. Indian representation of the globe

In ancient times, people believed that if you walked for a very long time in one direction, you could get to the place where the sky meets the earth. Of course, man wanted to know what was beyond the edge of the Earth. People had many questions that the idea of ​​a flat Earth did not answer. For example, why does a ship, moving away from the shore, disappear from view? Why does the horizon expand when you climb to a higher elevation?

Rice. 3. A ship moving away from the shore

Rice. 4. Hill

The Portuguese navigator led an expedition consisting of five sailing ships. They set off from the shores of Spain to the spice islands (the Moluccas and Philippine Islands) for pepper, cloves, and cinnamon - these spices were very expensive in Europe.

Rice. 5. Ferdinand Magellan

Rice. 6. Kupang - Kai Archipelago (Moluccas)

Rice. 7. Palawan, the fifth largest island of the Archipelago, is located to the west, away from the main part of the Philippine Islands.

The journey was very difficult: the first sailing ship crashed on the rocks, the crew of the second returned home halfway, the third sailing ship became so dilapidated that it had to be burned, the crew of the fourth was captured, and Magellan himself died. Three years later, the sailing ship Victoria, which means victory, reached its native shore. This was the expedition that made the first known trip around the world and proved the correctness of the assumption that the Earth is spherical. And we owe this great discovery to the famous sailor Ferdinand Magellan.

To better imagine the appearance of the Earth, people created its model - globe(from Latin globus - ball), which has the same shape as the Earth, only many times smaller.

Rice. 8. Globe model

Using a globe, it is easy to imagine the spherical shape of the Earth. Why do we say spherical and not sphere? Artificial satellites have helped to obtain accurate knowledge of the shape of the Earth. While flying around the Earth, the satellites constantly sent radio signals - messages about their distance from the Earth.

Rice. 9. Satellite orbiting the Earth

Using these signals, special electronic machines determined the flight altitude of the satellites, and writing devices helped “draw” the shape of the Earth. It turned out that our Earth is not a regular sphere - it is slightly flattened at the poles. The globe is fixed on an axis, but our planet rotates around an imaginary axis. Please note that the point where the axis leaves the globe from above is called North geographic pole(from Latin polus - axis), and the lowest point - South geographic pole of the Earth.

Rice. 10. Rotation of the Earth around an imaginary axis

If you look at the globe more closely, you will see that circular lines are drawn along its surface. They help determine the exact location of various earthly objects. Lines on a globe or map, conventionally drawn along the surface of the Earth from one pole to another, are called meridians(from Latin meridianus - midday). The direction of the shadow from objects at noon coincides with the direction of the meridian at a given point on the earth's surface. The meridian can be drawn through any point on Earth, and it will always be directed from north to south. All meridians have the same length. Mentally traveling along any meridian, you will definitely find yourself either at the northernmost point of the earth - the North Pole, or at the southernmost point - the South Pole. Zero conditionally considered meridian, which passes through the oldest astronomical observatory in the city of Greenwich in the UK.

Rice. 11. Greenwich Observatory.

It was recognized as initial by a special international agreement in 1884. Before this agreement, each country called the prime meridian the one that passed through its capital. For example, in Spain the countdown began from Madrid, in Italy - from Rome. In Russia, for a long time, the Pulkovo meridian, which passed through the main astronomical observatory of the country, which was founded near St. Petersburg, was considered the zero meridian.

Observat O Riya(from Latin observo - I observe) is a scientific institution where observations and studies of weather, atmosphere, and astronomical bodies are carried out.

Rice. 12. Pulkovo Observatory.

The Greenwich Prime Meridian divides the globe into Western and Eastern Hemispheres.

Rice. 13. Western and Eastern Hemisphere

At an equal distance from the poles runs a conventional line called equator(from Latin aequador - equalizer). The equator divides the globe into Northern and Southern Hemispheres. At the equator, day is always equal to night, and the Sun is at its zenith twice a year - on the days of the spring and autumn equinox.

If we look at the globe from above, we will see the Northern Hemisphere and the North Pole, and from below - the South Pole and the Southern Hemisphere. Our homeland Russia is located in the Northern Hemisphere.

Parallel to the equator on globes and maps are drawn parallels(from the Greek parallelos - walking alongside), they are all directed from west to east.

The longest parallel is equator, the length of other parallels decreases towards the poles, and at the pole the parallel turns into a point. Intersecting, parallels and meridians form a degree grid.

Rice. 14. Northern and Southern Hemisphere

It is known that a model of the globe was first built by the custodian of the Pergamon Library, Crates of Malossus, in the 2nd century. BC, but, unfortunately, it has not survived.

Rice. 15. Globe of Crates

The first terrestrial globe that has come down to us was made in 1492 by the German geographer and traveler Martin Beheim (1459-1507). Beheim placed on his model, which was called the “earth apple,” the world map of the ancient Greek scientist Ptolemy. Naturally, this globe was missing a lot of objects.

Rice. 16. “Earth Apple” by Beheim

Later, globes became very popular. They could be seen in the chambers of monarchs, in the offices of ministers, scientists and merchants. Pocket globes in special cases were intended for travel. Medium-sized globes made for offices were often equipped with a mechanism that set them in motion, rotating them around an axis.

In the past, globes were installed on ships, but now on spacecraft.

Some globes exceed human height, and they contain not only colorful maps of the surface of the Earth or sky, but also information about different countries, plants and animals, and the hills are made convex.

1. Vakhrushev A.A., Danilov D.D. The world around us 3. M.: Ballas.
2. Dmitrieva N.Ya., Kazakov A.N. The world around us 3. M.: Fedorov Publishing House.
3. Pleshakov A.A. The world around us 3. M.: Education.

1. Festival of Pedagogical Ideas ().
2. Shack.ru ().
3. Planet Earth ().

1. Take a regular thread and determine the length of the various meridians on the globe. What can you say about them? (They are the same length).
2. Use a thread to determine the length of the parallels. What can you say about them? (The largest parallel is the equator. The length of the parallels decreases towards the poles).
3. Which parallels are the shortest? (These are the North and South Pole).
4. Answer “yes” or “no” to the following statements:

1) On the globe you can see the finest lines covering the surface of the globe. (Yes)

2) These lines are imaginary; in fact, they are not on the earth’s surface. (Yes)

3) The lines that connect the North and South Poles are called parallels. (No)

4) The lines that connect the North and South Poles are called meridians. (Yes)

5) All meridians intersect at the North and South Poles (Yes)

6) The longest meridian is the equator. (No)

7) The equator is the longest parallel. (Yes)

8) The equator divides the globe into two hemispheres - Northern and Southern. (Yes)

9) The equator is a line that divides all meridians in half. (Yes)

10) The smallest parallels are the North and South Poles of the Earth. (Yes)

11) All meridians of the Earth have different lengths (No)

12) All meridians of the Earth have the same length. (Yes)

Screenshot from the Google Earth application

We live in the age of information technology development. Computer modeling provides scientists and enthusiasts with a huge field for creativity and scientific research. Today, on a computer monitor, you can recreate processes or phenomena, the study of which in real conditions is difficult or impossible due to their duration, size or other parameters.

More than just a globe

One such successful project in the field of modeling is the development by Google employees of an interactive model of the planet Earth, as well as its further development - a model of the starry sky. Thanks to satellite photography with high image resolution, a virtual globe opens up before users. Interactive Earth Model - Google Earth allows you to travel around the planet with simple mouse movements. Rotating the mouse wheel or double-clicking allows you to zoom in on specific areas of the globe. You can zoom in to the scale of a country, region, city, or even individual streets.

Images are loaded via active Internet access. Borders, names of countries, cities and other geographical objects are interactively applied to photographs. The navigation bar in the upper right corner also allows you to change the scale and orientation of the globe.

The Earth, like other planets, has the shape of a ball, slightly flattened at the poles. A person, being on the surface of the Earth, sees only a few square kilometers of its area. At the same time, the total surface area of ​​the Earth is 510 million square meters. km.

Rice. 1. Dimensions of the Earth

Globe - model of the Earth

Based on the shape and size of the planet, a model of the Earth was created - a globe.

Rice. 2. Globe

Globe– a three-dimensional reduced model of the Earth. The globe has the same shape as the planet itself, it is three-dimensional, its axis of rotation, like the planet’s, is tilted.

The globe depicts continents, islands, oceans, seas, etc. They have the same outlines as on the surface of the Earth, and are located relative to each other in the same way. Thus, on the globe there is minimal distortion of the earth's surface.

The first globe was created around 150 BC. e. The oldest globe that has survived to this day is the globe of Martin Beheim.

Rice. 3. Globe of Behaim, 1492

Geographic maps

In addition to the globe and plans, maps are actively used to depict the earth's surface. On a map, unlike a plan, you can see the entire earth's surface or large parts of it. In addition, geographic maps have a small scale, since the image must be reduced a large number of times to fit on the map.

Geographic map– an image of the earth’s surface containing a degree grid, in a reduced form on a plane using symbols.

Geographic maps are completely different. For example, maps that depict natural objects: mountains, seas, plains, continents are called physical; maps showing countries, their borders, capitals - political.

Rice. 4. Physical map of the world

Rice. 5. Political map of Eurasia

There is a special type of maps - contour maps. These maps have only the boundaries of geographical objects, their outlines, and a degree network. On such maps it is necessary to independently mark the geographical objects being studied, maintaining accuracy, accuracy and using other geographical maps.

Rice. 6. Outline map of the world

References

Main

1. Basic course in geography: Textbook. for 6th grade. general education institutions / T.P. Gerasimova, N.P. Neklyukova. – 10th ed., stereotype. – M.: Bustard, 2010. – 176 p.

2. Geography. 6th grade: atlas. – 3rd ed., stereotype. – M.: Bustard, DIK, 2011. – 32 p.

3. Geography. 6th grade: atlas. – 4th ed., stereotype. – M.: Bustard, DIK, 2013. – 32 p.

4. Geography. 6th grade: cont. cards. – M.: DIK, Bustard, 2012. – 16 p.

Encyclopedias, dictionaries, reference books and statistical collections

1. Geography. Modern illustrated encyclopedia / A.P. Gorkin. – M.: Rosman-Press, 2006. – 624 p.

Materials on the Internet

1. Federal Institute of Pedagogical Measurements ().

2. Russian Geographical Society ().