What is the best ceiling? Types of ceilings and materials for them. Beautiful do-it-yourself ceiling You can make a beautiful ceiling

The ceiling made of PVC panels is suitable for a balcony, a bathroom or utility rooms. Application in the kitchen or in living rooms is not excluded, although it is extremely rare. Installation is possible both on the crate and without it. First, a special mounting plate is installed around the perimeter of the room. It has grooves into which PVC panels are inserted, as well as a mount for a ceiling plinth.

Each panel has a groove-lock, thanks to which they are fastened together, creating a flat surface without gaps. At the junction, of course, a strip is visible - this cannot be avoided.

Panel dimensions:

  • width from 10 to 50 cm - standard 25 cm;
  • length from 2.4 to 3 m - under the order up to 6 m;
  • thickness from 5 to 12 mm.

Advantages:

  • fast installation;
  • low price;
  • variety of colors and patterns.

Disadvantages:

  • the smell of plastic in the sun;
  • deformation from high temperature;
  • cracked at low temperatures.

The cheapest white PVC panel costs 125 rubles/sq.m. Installation 350 rubles/sq.m. The work is not difficult and you can easily do it yourself.

foam tiles

Foam ceiling tiles are glued directly to the base of the ceiling, without the construction of a crate. This is a budget option for finishing, which is suitable for all rooms, including a bathroom.

Advice

Tiles vary in shape and thickness. It can be rectangular, square, diamond-shaped and hexagonal. There is a seamless tile, where the end is designed in such a way as to overlap the joints, forming a monolithic surface. The thickness depends on the production method:

  • 2.5-3 mm - extruded;
  • 7-8 mm - pressed or stamped, sealed with a press;
  • up to 14 mm - injection molded.

Foam tiles are available with various patterns. The color is mostly white, but other shades are also found. After gluing to the ceiling, it is desirable to cover the tile with water-based paint.

Among the advantages I can note ease of installation, sound and heat insulating effect, low cost. At the same time, the appearance of the tile immediately betrays its cheapness - it does not look very good. In addition, during operation, the foam may turn yellow if it is pasted on the kitchen ceiling. In the bathroom, mold forms on it, which is unrealistic to remove.

  • tiles from 175 rubles / sq.m.;
  • glue 25 rubles / sq.m.;
  • gluing work 140 rub/sq.m.

Note

Usually, such tiles are glued on their own, so the minimum final price of materials will be 200 rubles / sq.m.

MDF panels

MDF board is compressed wood chips, on top of which a protective coating is applied. It looks like laminate. Suitable for any premises, but more often used in non-residential premises. Although I have seen beautiful bedroom interiors with MDF panels on the ceiling.

Types of MDF panels:

  • shaponed or veneered - natural wood is used;
  • laminated - PVC film is used;
  • painted.

Mounting methods:

  • on the crate using a construction stapler or ordinary self-tapping screws;
  • on the crate or without it, using kleimers (special fasteners);
  • glue - if the work surface is perfectly flat.

Characteristics:

  • not afraid of temperature changes;
  • are burning;
  • impregnated with antiseptics - mold does not form;
  • laminated and painted do not absorb moisture - can be used in the bathroom;
  • unpretentious in service;
  • easy to mount.

Minimum price 325 rub/sq.m. Work 340 rub/sq.m.

Stretch ceiling

Stretch ceilings - the most popular type of finish, because. it's fast, cheap and pretty. You can make ceilings in a three-room apartment in a day. It can be glossy, matte, any shades. You can apply any pattern to the canvas.

The ceiling "starry sky" looks beautiful.

Types of stretch ceiling:

  • PVC is the cheapest and therefore common;
  • fabric - more expensive, in appearance does not differ from the fabric.

Installation principle:

  • a wall edge is installed along the perimeter (according to the laser level). Minimum clearance 5 cm from the bottom point;
  • the canvas is attached to the grooves of the edge with a special blade;
  • the canvas is heated by a gas heat gun, because of which it is stretched.

Advantages:

  • quickly mounted;
  • a large selection of materials and colors;
  • increased protection against leaks, but only if there are no spotlights or chandeliers.

It is not a panacea for flooding by neighbors, because. there is a gap between the wall and the wall edge.

Disadvantages:

  • fades or turns yellow (if white);
  • the likelihood of defects (if pieces of plaster or debris fall off, then dark spots remain, they can be cut during operation);
  • can stink (even stinks good for a few days after installation).

Advice

I know several cases when, during the installation of a stretch ceiling, workers directed a heat gun at plastic windows and they melted.

Rarely, but still happens, gas cylinders explode. Imagine the consequences of such an explosion!

Such cases are possible only in winter. Masters, refueling a cylinder at a gas filling station for cars, blow it out to the maximum so that it lasts longer. And according to the rules, the balloon must be blown out by 30%, no more. When the cylinder is brought from a cold street into a warm room and they start working, the temperature in the room rises to 60-70 degrees. Gas, respectively, expands and BAM!!!

Operating Tips:

  • if you were flooded by neighbors and the ceiling sagged with a bubble - call the offices that are involved in the installation. It is impossible to eliminate the consequences on your own. It is extremely important that moisture does not remain on the film, because of this, various bugs can hang there. Somehow they dismantled the old stretch ceiling and found a lot of insect corpses there;
  • wash the film with special means, otherwise there will be stains;
  • if the canvas is torn, then stick double-sided tape on the cut site, and glue some decorative joke (butterfly or flower) on it. In the same way, you can decorate ordinary patches.
  • cheap Chinese PVC film with installation will cost 550 rub/sq.m.;
  • installation of a chandelier 500 rubles;
  • installation of a spotlight 400 rubles / piece;
  • pipe bypass (heating riser, ventilation, air conditioning, etc.) 150 rubles / piece.

Modular suspended ceilings

In this category, I include all types of ceilings for which you need to assemble a cellular frame. This frame serves as the basis for square panels, usually 60x60 cm, or lamps of the same dimensions. A damaged element can be replaced at any time, which is very convenient. This includes:

  • Armstrong;
  • Cassette;
  • Grilyato;
  • Baffle.

Their difference lies in the type of profile used for the frame and, of course, the tiles. Such ceilings are mainly used for offices, but their use in an apartment is quite acceptable. It all depends on how the designer will beat this solution in the interior.

The frame is attached to the guides along the perimeter, as well as to the ceiling by means of suspensions. The length of the hangers is adjustable to level the frame.

Advantages:

  • difference in color solutions;
  • quickly mount;
  • the ability to mount it yourself;
  • the possibility of replacing individual elements;
  • hides communications.

Disadvantages:

  • hides space due to suspensions (minimum 15-20 cm).

Armstrong

Mineral fiber boards are used. The surface of the tile can be smooth, rough, with a pattern in the form of a wormhole, perforated. Also, the panels have a different edge, which determines the appearance of the external (front) surface after installation. The panels absorb sounds well.

The price is 650 rubles / sq.m. (materials 300 rubles / sq.m. and work 340 rubles / sq.m.).

Cassette

A cassette panel made of aluminum or galvanized steel is laid on the frame in the same way as in the classic Armstrong.

Price 790 rub/sq.m.(materials 450 rubles/sq.m. and work 340 rubles/sq.m.).

Grilyato

Also called lattice ceiling. The profile has special slots into which the lattice panel is inserted.

Price 940 rub/sq.m.(materials 600 rubles/sq.m. and work 340 rubles/sq.m.).

Baffle

Ceiling with increased acoustic protection. The metal panels are lined with mineral wool. Refers to designer ceilings, and therefore it is expensive
.

Price 1140 rub/sq.m.(materials 800 rubles/sq.m. and work 340 rubles/sq.m.).

Clapboard ceiling

Today, the ceiling of the lining is extremely rare. This is more of a story, but still there are people who still like this type of finish. For lining, you need to make a crate of wooden beams. The lining is stuffed on them with small nails. I don't think I'll tell you anything new about her.

Price 1010 rub/sq.m.(materials 610 rubles / sq.m - linden, work 400 rubles / sq.m.).

Suitable for dry and wet rooms, the main thing is to choose the right drywall (moisture resistant or not). Personally, I like the plasterboard ceiling the most, but there are a lot of troubles with it, and it's not very cheap either.

Note

You can make multi-level structures with straight and curved lines, insulate, put sound insulation, install recessed lights or LED lighting. It does not cause any problems during operation. It does not crack, it is quite strong, perfectly even - some pluses ..

Gypsum can be twisted on a wooden or metal crate, as well as straight onto a rough wooden ceiling.

Advantages:

  • variety of design solutions;
  • installation of built-in spotlights;
  • the possibility of using sound insulation;
  • closes engineering communications;
  • reliable and problem free.

Disadvantages:

  • hides space;
  • relatively long and laborious installation (we are talking about turnkey work);
  • a lot of dust during installation (putty / grout).

Price 1452 rub/m. square excluding crates.

Materials 252 rub/m. kv:

  • moisture-resistant drywall 106 rubles / sq.m.;
  • self-tapping screws 11 rub. (at the rate of 24 pcs/sq.m.);
  • 45 rubles / sq.m - 2 layers of putty (start / finish);
  • 90 rubles / sq.m - water-based paint 2 layers.

Work 1200 rub/sq.m:

  • installation of a single-level ceiling 500 rubles / sq.m.;

Slatted aluminum ceiling

Suitable for bathroom, hallway, kitchen. With the right approach, you can use it anywhere.

Reiki are attached to special strips-combs, they snap into place. These combs can be mounted on the crate or directly on the draft ceiling, that is, installation is possible without a noticeable decrease in the height of the ceilings.

There are two types of rack ceiling:

  • with a gap - there is a distance between the rails. Decorative strips can be inserted into this distance;
  • without gap - without indentation between the rails.

Advantages:

  • installation of built-in lamps;
  • moisture resistant - if the neighbors flooded, then he didn’t care, the water passed through the rail, wiped it with rags and that’s it;
  • many colors and textures;
  • hides communications;
  • soundproofing capability.

disadvantages

  • patina appears;
  • the risk of damage to the edge (bending) during installation, that is, a skill is required for installation;
  • space is hidden if spotlights are installed or heat and sound insulation are laid.

Price 1550 rub/sq.m.(materials 650 rubles/sq.m. and installation from 900 rubles/sq.m.).

plastered ceiling

Before the advent of newfangled ceiling finishes, plastering was the only decent option. In the old fashioned way, many still recommend making plastered ceilings, saying that they are environmentally friendly and do not hide space. I recommend you not to do this. Honestly, I'm against plastered ceilings. For the same money, it is better to twist drywall.

Advantages:

  • does not hide space;
  • vapor permeable, eco-friendly.

Flaw

  • long installation;
  • a lot of dirt and dust during installation;
  • the complexity of the implementation of design solutions;
  • the quality of work is highly dependent on the skill of the performer and the quality of the materials - there is a big risk of hitting jambs.

Note

I'll tell you honestly, it is extremely rare to see a perfect plastered ceiling without jambs. Normal money is usually taken for such work - this is far from the average tariff. Yes, and you will not find a normal master in the afternoon with fire.

.

But I've seen shoals - almost all of them. The plastered ceiling loves to crack - a fact. And it also happens that some non-master slaps such a layer of plaster and putty that it simply disappears under its own weight. The last time a client's bathroom ceiling was remodeled after a "familiar master", whom someone there advised him. Familiar situation? So the ceiling fell off after six months. The layer was small, but there were problems with adhesion.

Price 1600 rub/sq.m. This is provided that initially the ceiling is relatively flat, without differences of 10 cm.

Materials:

  • 115 rub/sq.m Knauf gypsum leveling plaster;
  • 45 rubles / sq.m - 2 layers of putty;
  • 90 rub/sq.m water emulsion paint 2 layers.
  • plastering from 500 rubles / sq.m.;
  • puttying for painting 400 rubles / sq.m.;
  • polishing 150 rub/sq.m;
  • painting in 2 layers 300 rub/sq.m.

3d ceiling panels

These are designer ceilings. I won’t talk much about them, since the installation methods and materials vary greatly, depending on the designer’s concept. They are mostly made to order. Here are a few examples to give you an idea of ​​what I'm talking about.

Pivot table - which ceiling is better

Name

Price of materials (sq.m.)

Price of work (sq.m.)

My subjective assessment

PVC panel ceiling

Only on the balcony, in the hallway or utility room.

foam tiles

Cheap and cheerful, if you strained with money at all, then it will do

MDF panels

They look good, but for wet rooms it is better not to use

Stretch ceiling

Fast, inexpensive, beautiful. A great option if the budget is modest.

Armstrong

For the hallway. More of an office setting.

Cassette

For the kitchen, you can in the bathroom or corridor. Not for rooms.

Grilyato

For design renovations.

Not very suitable for an apartment, but it is quite possible to use it as designer inclusions.

Clapboard ceiling

Unjustifiably expensive, and the “scoop” from such a ceiling pulls a mile away.

Suspended plasterboard ceiling

without crate

Slatted aluminum ceiling

Fashionable, beautiful. With a competent approach, it is applicable throughout the apartment. Spots may appear on the coating.

plastered ceiling

Expensive. Installation is long and very messy. It's hard to get the perfect surface. Strongly problematic.

findings

Let's recap now. If you want a regular ceiling repair without involving designers, then you will start from the price.

The cheapest option that is suitable for all rooms is foam tiles. She looks pretty decent. But remember, you will need to glue it yourself. It's not hard, but it still takes some time.

The most popular - stretch ceilings. Of all the options where contracting firms are involved, this is the cheapest option. Mount them quickly, a three-room apartment will be done in a day for sure. Many options for colors, prints, shiny and matte - for every taste. But it is easy to pierce, so you need to be careful during operation.

If you have money and want to do it once and definitely not come back to this issue, then I recommend plasterboard ceilings. On gypsum, the master will definitely putty well, without jambs. You can put soundproofing or insulation. To damage such a ceiling you need to try.

I'm against plastered ceilings. It is expensive, long, a lot of dirt and dust. And almost always there are some jambs. Very rarely have I come across perfect plastered ceilings. They love to crack and flake off. In general, they are problematic - in their furnace.

Gone are the days when the ceiling could only be whitewashed or painted, today the choice in this regard is wide.

After you have decided to make repairs, you need to come up with the design of the room. Of course, not the last place is occupied by the design of the ceiling.

The decision on which ceiling to make is not easy because a lot depends on it.

A small room will visually look larger if you choose the right ceiling, and a large room with the right choice will look more comfortable. Before choosing a ceiling covering, it is necessary to make an assessment of the base base, take into account the presence of irregularities. The room where the ceiling will be made also plays an important role.

The wallpaper is glued after the primer has dried. In no case should you stick a newspaper under the wallpaper, otherwise, over time, the paint from the newspaper will come through the wallpaper.

Compared to whitewashing and painting, wallpapering is a fairly clean undertaking, which is undoubtedly considered an advantage. Ceiling wallpaper retains an attractive appearance for 5-6 years, of course, under proper operating conditions and if the ceiling wallpaper is of high quality. By choosing this method, you can reliably hide small cracks and seams that can be seen during plastering and painting. Such wallpapers are in most cases denser than ordinary wallpapers, they are made of two layers of thick paper glued together, and embossed or foamed vinyl on top. Due to their thickness, such ceiling wallpapers perfectly hide all the irregularities of the ceiling; they do not need a perfectly prepared surface.

As for the cost of ceiling wallpaper, it depends on the manufacturer. Such ceilings will look good in a children's room, you can use cheerful shades for this. It should be noted that this method of finishing the ceiling does not imply much trouble, since there is no need to close up irregularities and wash off the paint.

For the ceiling, you need to purchase special ceiling wallpaper or non-woven wallpaper.

However, there is a drawback with some types of ceiling wallpaper, which is that they cannot be washed. Therefore, if such ceilings are made in a children's room, then it is better to choose those ceiling wallpapers that are washable.

For wallpapering, you will need the following tools:

  • fly brush;
  • wallpaper knife;
  • roller for applying glue;
  • plastic spatula;
  • roulette;
  • scissors.

Back to index

Ceiling tiles

The ceiling can be finished with ceiling tiles, which looks very beautiful. To do this, you can use polystyrene foam, laminate or cork panels, you can still finish with ceramic ceiling tiles. The most popular polystyrene ceiling tiles are square and rectangular. There are three types of ceiling tiles: injection, pressed and extruded. You can make such a ceiling in a children's room, especially since you can choose a variety of colors for ceiling tiles. What order of gluing the plates is decided by the owner himself, it also depends on the design features of the room.

Laminate ceiling tiles can be washed, while non-laminated tiles should be wiped with a dry cloth and vacuumed. To make such ceilings is quite easy, you do not need to have special knowledge for this.

Ceiling tile tools:

  • putty knife;
  • roller;
  • container with squeezing grate;
  • adhesive paints.

Back to index

Dropped ceilings

The design of a false ceiling should combine the tastes of the consumer and his capabilities.

Suspended ceilings are increasingly used in modern interiors. They are a system that consists of a light supporting frame and facing elements. The frame is made in the form of a lattice, it is attached to the ceiling with special suspensions. Then facing elements are attached to it.

Since false ceilings are considered very practical, it is advisable to install them in the nursery. However, they can be made in any other room, they are especially convenient when you need to make communication systems invisible, but at the same time accessible. It should also be noted that such ceiling systems are easily repaired: one damaged module can be easily replaced with another, without the need to dismantle the frame. For a nursery, where the ceiling can be damaged at any time, this quality is very important. The acoustic properties of the room in which such ceilings are installed are significantly improved. Installation is not difficult, it does not take much time.

There are six types of ceiling panels in their form: panel, tile, cassette, slatted, cellular, lattice. The most popular tiled panels are rectangular and square. If we make such a ceiling, then this is the surest way to align the base ceiling, or vice versa, create its different levels when required.

For installation, you need to stock up on the following tools:

  • putty knife;
  • combined ruler;
  • building level;
  • a hammer;
  • drill.

Back to index

Plasterboard ceilings

You can opt for a plasterboard suspended ceiling, which is a seamless, solid plane. It can be even in shape, and sometimes it is made in the form of curvilinear bends, various vaults, domes, broken planes. Due to the fact that all this looks very attractive, such ceilings can be made in the nursery, since their aesthetic appearance has a positive effect on the child's psyche. Various lighting devices can be mounted in such ceilings, for example, built-in, suspended and overhead.

There are two types of suspension systems: one- and two-level. In the first case, the bearing profiles and the main ones are placed on the same level, if the system is two-level, then on different ones.

In order for the ceiling to serve you for a long time, it is necessary to connect all the components of the ceiling strictly according to the instructions.

To install such ceilings, you will need the following tools:

  • electric drill;
  • screwdrivers with a straight and cross-shaped notch;
  • tongs for holding dowels;
  • perforator;
  • metal scissors.

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Which ceiling is better to make in an apartment: solutions for rooms with different functionality

Greetings, comrades! In this article, I want to touch on the topic of finishing ceilings - the choice of one or another method of finishing, depending on the functions performed by the room and the actual finishing technology in each case. Let's get started.

Types of rooms and ceiling requirements

Both in the apartment and in the house, rooms with different functionality can be distinguished:

  • Living rooms (living rooms and bedrooms). They are characterized by constant humidity in the range of 60-90% and the absence of strong pollution (soot, splashes, etc.). Attractive ceiling design, backlighting or spot lighting is welcome;

  • A bathroom (or separate toilet and bathroom), as well as a kitchen. It is not for nothing that they are united in a common group: they are characterized by frequent fluctuations in humidity and high potential for contamination ceilings (in the kitchen - with soot and splashes of grease, in the bathroom or bathroom - with splashes of shampoos, scrubs and lime streaks remaining from water drops). Aesthetics are in demand here too;

Therefore, the ceiling finish should combine an attractive appearance with low hygroscopicity and resistance to cleaning (read - to wet abrasion).

  • Technical premises (pantry, home workshop, and in a private house - boiler room and laundry), on the contrary, are undemanding to the appearance of the finish and do not impose any special requirements on the strength, wear resistance and water resistance of the ceiling.

materials

So, what types of ceilings in an apartment or house are suitable for each of the listed types of premises?

living rooms

For a small bedroom in a private house (primarily in a log house or frame structure), a wooden ceiling assembled from a pine lining on a crate is ideal. The smell of wood will create an incomparable atmosphere of comfort. In addition, phytoncides secreted by fresh wood are considered an excellent means of preventing respiratory diseases, helping to cure colds and a general increase in immunity.

How to finish the ceiling in the living room or in the studio? An inexpensive and versatile solution is drywall on a galvanized profile frame. It allows you to hide panel overlap and create arbitrarily complex multi-level structures that can hide boxes, spotlights or lighting.

Stretch ceilings in an apartment are especially beneficial with a small distance between the floor and the ceiling. The standard ceiling height in Khrushchev or Brezhnevka is only 2.5 meters, which is already quite small for a person above average height.

The frame of any suspended structure additionally reduces this height by at least 5 - 7 centimeters, but the canvas made of polyester or PVC film can be stretched at a minimum distance from the ceiling.

What stretch ceilings are better to do - fabric or film? Comrades, it is difficult to give an unambiguous answer here. The pros and cons of both types of stretch ceilings have been discussed many times in review articles and on thematic forums, so I will only mention the key properties of both solutions:

  • A fabric ceiling is much more resistant to accidental mechanical damage, while a thin vinyl film can be pierced even by a celebratory champagne cork shot up;
  • On the other hand, in a low room glossy ceiling visually increases its visible volume due to a translucent reflection above the head: the ceiling seems much higher. And gloss is just a vinyl film. The fabric ceiling can only have a matte or "satin" texture.

With a catastrophic lack of room height, the only option for finishing the flow is its plastering (or, with a small amount of floor irregularities, puttying). Yes, complex design refinements are impossible here, but the room will hardly lose in height.

Some finishes I strongly I do not advise use in living rooms. Not only because they are impractical, but also for purely aesthetic reasons:

  • Slatted suspended ceilings and modular systems (Armstrong and others) make an already low room visually cramped and give it the look of a standard office from the 90s;

  • Styrofoam and polystyrene ceiling tiles will give the room a frankly "collective farm" look. Even with a perfectly even sticker, it looks dull and boring;

  • For the same reason, you should not glue wallpaper on the ceiling. Let's leave this "kolkhoz-style" to the departed 90th;

  • Glass and mirror suspended ceilings are not safe: accidentally broken glass is quite capable of stuffing everyone who stands on the floor below it with fragments.

Bathrooms, kitchens

A stretch ceiling would be appropriate in this case, but not any, but again made of vinyl film. Unlike fabric, if necessary, it is easily washed from grease, traces of splashes and soot with soapy water or any household detergents (except, of course, abrasive ones).

The film ceiling is waterproof and, when flooded from above, can hold several tens of liters of water. In the future, it can be drained through any hole for the lamp.

An alternative to stretch film is a suspended ceiling made of plastic wall panels. It is also easy to clean using household detergents, and, unlike the suspended one, without any risk of accidental damage: the panels are only afraid of strong impacts and significant deforming loads.

Suspended plasterboard structures are also in use here: they are useful in that they allow you to covertly lay ventilation and mount spotlights that give maximum illumination in the complete absence of shadows.

The last property is useful, first of all, for the beautiful half of the family. Shadows interfere with the application of makeup, while even illumination with multiple light sources allows you to pay attention to the smallest details of your appearance.

If the average ceiling height in the bathroom and toilet is 2.4 meters or even less, losing a few centimeters of floor-to-ceiling distance is highly undesirable. The only sound solution is a plaster ceiling.

But what about the requirements for resistance to wet abrasion? Can the surface of plaster or plaster be washed?

Calm, just calm. It all depends on how the surface is painted.

And how to paint drywall or plaster to make them washable?

"Rubber" water-dispersion paint. Personally tested: it endures not only wet wear when cleaning with a sponge with "Whiteness" or a solution of laundry soap, but even a long acquaintance with cat's claws (painted wall near the filler tray) and abrasion with shoes (plywood outdoor stairs).

Technical buildings

Options for finishing ceilings in technical rooms do not shine with variety: as a rule, slab or monolithic ceilings are stupidly painted white. The seams of the slab are reinforced with fiberglass and puttied to prevent cracks.

What whitewash ceilings in boiler rooms or home workshops? Along with water-based paints based on acrylic, latex or silicate, lime is often used here, familiar to our childhood apartments. It attracts not only with its cheapness: lime is a natural antiseptic that helps to clean and disinfect the air.

Finishing technique

Now - about how the ceilings are finished in an apartment or house in each case.

Wooden lining

The assembly of the ceiling from the lining begins with the installation of the crate. The step between its elements is 60-80 cm, the direction is perpendicular to the lining, the material is a bar with a section of at least 40x40 mm or galvanized profiles for plasterboard (ceiling CD and ceiling guide UD).

For mounting profiles to the floor, direct suspensions are used. They can also be used to level the wooden crate in case the ceiling has significant irregularities. If the overlap differences are small, the lathing from the bar is fastened with dowel-screws directly to it or through linings from any available material.

The first board of the lining is fastened with a groove to the wall. Fasteners - self-tapping screws (they can be used with a wooden or metal crate) or nails with sharp tips bitten off by pliers (for a bar crate). A dull nail crushes the fibers of the wood, rather than splitting them, which eliminates damage to the lining.

For self-tapping screws, holes in the lining must be drilled with the same diameter as their threads. This precaution serves the same purpose - to prevent the fastener from splitting the board along the fibers.

From the side of the wall, the lining board is fastened with a self-tapping screw or a nail passing through at a minimum distance from the wall. Fasteners will later hide under the ceiling plinth. On the other hand, the board is fastened obliquely into a spike; here the fasteners will go into the groove of the next board.

An alternative way to fasten the lining is with galvanized clamps. Kleimer presses the spike against the crate and hides in the groove of the next board.

The last board is cut in width and fastened again at a minimum distance from the wall. Fasteners are closed with a wooden baguette, which is easiest to fix on liquid nails or silicone sealant with additional fixation to the lining with nails without caps.

When hammering them, use a doboynik (for example, a dowel for a mounting gun with a sharpened sharp tip). Doboynik will not let you jam a baguette with an accidental blow of a hammer.

What to make flashings between the ends of the lining spliced ​​along the length? Their rails are 3-4 cm wide and 1 cm thick. The rail is ground and fastened in the same way as the baguette.

Drywall

What is the best way to make a suspended ceiling from GKL?

As a frame, a set of CD, UD profiles and direct suspensions, already familiar to us from lining, is used.

For the simplest single-level ceiling, it is assembled like this:

  1. On the walls, according to the level (better - laser or water), the line of the bottom of the frame is marked;
  2. Along this line, the UD profile is fastened with dowel screws with a step of half a meter;
  3. Parallel to the shorter wall of the room, the fastening lines of the CD profiles are marked on the ceiling. The step between their axes should be exactly 60 centimeters: then the seams between adjacent sheets of drywall (I remind you that their width is 120 centimeters) will fall exactly in the middle of the profile;

The standard size of a drywall sheet is 2.5x1.2 meters. One of the dimensions must be a multiple of the crate step.

  1. According to the marking with a step of the same 0.6 meters, direct suspensions are screwed to the ceiling with dowel-screws;
  2. CDs are cut to length and inserted into the guides, and then attracted to the ceiling with the curved ears of the hangers;

If the width of the room exceeds the length of the profile (3 or 4 meters), straight connectors ("crabs") are used for CD splicing.

  1. Several cords or threads are stretched between the guides across the crate, which will be used to align the crate in one plane;
  2. CDs are alternately released from bent hangers and lowered to the level of stretched cords, after which the ears of the hangers are screwed to the side walls of the profile with metal screws 9 mm long;

  1. The free part of the suspensions is bent up.

For ceiling sheathing, a 9 mm thick ceiling GKL is usually used. The sheet must be lifted and fastened by at least two people. For fastening, drywall screws 25 mm long are used, which are screwed in with a screwdriver in increments of 15-20 cm along each profile (including guides).

The head of the self-tapping screw is immersed by about a millimeter and is subsequently hidden under a layer of putty. You need to screw in the screws no closer than 2 cm from the edge of the sheet, otherwise the edge of the GKL may crumble.

After the last sheet is fixed, the seams between adjacent edges are reinforced with serpyanka (strips of self-adhesive fiberglass mesh) and puttied with gypsum putty. It will be necessary to putty the seams and caps of self-tapping screws two or three times to compensate for the shrinkage of the putty during setting. After puttying, the ceiling is sanded, swept from dust and primed with a penetrating acrylic primer for painting.

How to make the ceiling multi-level? Here are some solutions:

  • Along with straight lines, use adjustable hangers when mounting the frame, allowing you to choose the distance from the ceiling to the crate;
  • Use the CW profile as rigid studs between the battens and the ceiling;
  • Combine suspended plasterboard and plaster ceilings. In this case, the height loss of the room will be minimal.

The lower level will be formed by plasterboard on the frame, the upper one - by plastered floor slabs.

Stretch fabric

How are PVC stretch ceilings installed?

  1. A baguette is attached along the perimeter of the room at a minimum distance from the ceiling - a profile on which the canvas will be stretched. The step between the attachment points does not exceed 25 cm. The most common is the harpoon profile, which fixes the film inserted into the groove with a rigid harpoon welded to it;

  1. The air in the room is heated to a temperature of about 70 C using a gas heat gun;

  1. The heated canvas is stretched and inserted with the edges into the groove of the baguette;
  2. The groove is closed with a flexible vinyl flashing or ceiling plinth.

Plastic or polyurethane ceiling plinth is attached only to the walls. There is a gap between it and the web of the tension flow. This gap can be used to place hidden ceiling lighting with LED strip.

Special mention deserves the fastening of the stretch fabric to the frame of a multi-level plasterboard ceiling. The frame in this case must be reinforced with slopes, since the tension force of the web after it has cooled reaches 60-70 kgf per linear meter.

Plaster

To level the ceiling in living rooms, gypsum-based plasters and putties are currently used. They differ from pure gypsum primarily in setting time: it is increased from 3-5 minutes to 30.

Of the tested mixtures, the most pleasant impression was made by HP Start plaster and ABS Saten putty. They do not crumple when kneading, and Saten additionally attracts with a long life after mixing - up to 45 minutes.

Repairing the ceiling in an apartment using gypsum mixtures begins with stripping it from old coatings - cement plaster and whitewash. To remove them, a hard steel spatula is used; plaster should be additionally tapped with a light pickaxe or hammer.

So that the cleaning of the ceiling is not accompanied by clouds of dust, pre-soak the old finish, 2-3 times with an interval of a quarter of an hour, moistening it abundantly with water using a brush or sprayer.

The next stage is the processing of the overlap with a primer (acrylic reinforcing primer). It will strengthen the base and stick dust residues to it, which can affect the adhesion of the floor to the finish layer.

If the ceiling is plastered over the entire area, it needs continuous reinforcement. How to glue it as a basis for plaster? Fiberglass mesh with a mesh of about 2 mm; it is glued directly to the plaster, pressed into it with a spatula.

Plan "B": the grid is pressed against the ceiling and covered with a layer of plaster.

The technique of applying gypsum mixtures is spreading. For applying plaster, it seems to me that it is most convenient to use a rectangular spatula; for puttying, an ordinary steel spatula with a width of at least 30 centimeters is used.

With significant irregularities in the ceiling, it is more convenient to plaster it on beacons. The extreme beacon profiles are aligned according to the level, the intermediate ones - along the threads stretched between the extreme beacons. For their fastening, it is convenient to use building gypsum, which sets in a few minutes.

The step between the beacons must be less than the length of the rule at your disposal. The plaster is smeared on the ceiling, after which its excess is removed by the rule and can be used for the next surface area.

Panels

If the installation of stretch ceilings requires some skill and rather expensive equipment (at least a gas heat gun and a cylinder), then it is easy to assemble a suspended ceiling from panels with your own hands.

As its basis, a galvanized profile frame is used, which is completely identical to the crate intended for drywall. The only difference is in the step between the ceiling profiles: it should be reduced to 40-50 centimeters in order to avoid the panels sagging under their own weight.

The frame for the ceiling of the panels is the same as for drywall. Only the step between profiles has been reduced.

The panels are attached to the frame profiles with metal screws 9 mm long, screwed into the spike with a screwdriver. The panel adjacent to the wall is screwed through at a minimum distance from the wall. As in the case of wooden lining, the fasteners are closed with a ceiling plinth.

It is most convenient to glue the foam plinth on acrylic putty: its viscosity will prevent the baguette from sliding along the wall. The same putty is used to fill the gaps between the baseboard and wall irregularities.

This method of fixing the ceiling baguette is applicable to all types of suspended, stretch and plaster ceilings.

Problems and Troubleshooting

Among the problems that every owner of their own housing faces is not only the decoration of the apartment, but also its current repair. I allow myself to give some advice on how to repair some types of ceilings with your own hands:

  • What to do if your ceiling has collapsed in the area of ​​​​the seam between the floor panels?

Small blood repairs can be done as follows:

  1. Sand loose plaster and whitewash around the defect;
  2. Process the whole ceiling acrylic primer. It will glue the layers of the finish and prevent its further destruction;
  3. Align the defect with gypsum putty, placing a reinforcing fiberglass mesh under it;
  4. Align the defect area with grinding;

  1. Paint the ceiling throughout the area. Partial painting will stand out in color.
  • How to fix a sagging plastic panel ceiling?
  1. Dismantle the baguette and panels;
  2. Install additional (intermediate) ceiling profiles parallel to the old crate. Cause of sagging only in a large step between the elements of the crate. It should not exceed 50 cm;
  3. Hem the panels again, with obligatory fixation to each profile.

  • How to Repair Accidental Damage in a Plasterboard Ceiling?
  1. Cut out a patch from a sheet of drywall with a width slightly less than the defect, at least 10 centimeters longer than its size;
  2. Screw a self-tapping screw into the center of the patch;
  3. Tie him with a rope;
  4. Apply strips of PVA glue, liquid nails or silicone on the underside of the patch along its edges;
  5. Lead the patch into the gap and pull it by the rope to the back of the drywall sheet;
  6. After the adhesive has set, putty the gap with a gypsum finishing putty.

Conclusion

I hope that my simple advice will help the dear reader in finishing and repairing ceilings. More information can be found in the video attached to the article. Feel free to comment on it and share your own experience. Good luck, comrades!

November 2, 2016

If you want to express gratitude, add a clarification or objection, ask the author something - add a comment or say thanks!

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Home » Ceiling

How to make a ceiling

How to make a ceiling, from what and in what way? Everyone who has conceived the repair of his apartment reflects on these questions. It will be easier to make a decision if you know all the main points of the installation of ceilings of various types.

Which ceiling to choose

There are not so many options for the ceiling device that you can’t figure them out. today they are considered in extreme cases, but these methods of finishing the ceiling are still relevant. Although for the improvement of residential premises they are preferred less and less.

The point is not the unpretentiousness of such a finish, but the fact that it requires a whole range of labor-intensive and lengthy work, including:

  • removal of the old facing layer;
  • preparation of the base ceiling;
  • its alignment.

Each of these stages includes a whole range of actions, most of which can be performed only by professionals. Therefore, modern methods of arranging a ceiling from modern materials are very popular.

In particular, ceilings today are made from:

  • drywall;
  • stretch films or canvases;
  • plastic panels,
  • rails, lining;
  • aluminum rails;
  • textured wallpaper;
  • decorative plaster;
  • flat and embossed glass.

Lighting plays an important role in the design of ceilings. The widest allows you to create surfaces that are masterpiece in their beauty. And all this charm is not as expensive as it might seem at first glance.

In any kind of finishing materials and lighting fixtures, there are more and less expensive product options. All of them are reliable in operation and aesthetically attractive. Therefore, you can choose the material and device in accordance with financial capabilities.

Design features of modern ceilings

Modern trends in the device and design of ceilings are aimed at minimizing labor costs and obtaining the maximum aesthetic effect. Therefore, almost all beautiful ceilings are suspended structures, behind which you can hide the flaws in the base surface, wiring and communications.

Thus, the repair time is significantly reduced and it becomes possible to save money, since there is no need to purchase materials for puttying and leveling the base floor.

Of the suspended, the following types of structures are most popular:

  • tension;
  • drywall;
  • rack;
  • glass.

The principles of the frame device are the same for each of these types of ceilings.

The main requirements for retaining structures are as follows:

  • strength;
  • the ability to withstand the calculated weight loads;
  • environmental Safety;
  • fire safety;
  • moisture resistance.

In accordance with these criteria, the most reliable materials are chosen for the installation of frames for suspended structures - aluminum, high-strength plastic, wood, well-dried and treated with fire-retardant compositions, metal.

For the installation of plastic ceilings, there are their own frame systems, the elements of which are made of more durable plastic.

In order to understand how to make a ceiling, you need to know that there are two main stages in the work of this plan: rough (pre-finishing) finishing and finishing. The first is necessary if the surface is being prepared for whitewashing, painting or wallpapering. When erecting suspended structures, the pre-finishing stage of work is ignored. But instead of it, they are engaged in the device of the frame (battens).

How to stick wallpaper on the ceiling

The range of ceiling wallpapers is wide. The choice of the best material in a particular case is complicated by a misunderstanding of the features of different types of products.

In any store of finishing materials you can see the following wallpapers:

  • vinyl;
  • non-woven;
  • paper;
  • cullet;
  • textile;
  • wallpaper.

There are no difficulties with paper and photo wallpapers, because everyone knows how to stick paper and what it is. But if you liked non-woven, glass, vinyl or textile, several questions immediately arise: what is their peculiarity, how to stick, how to care, how long will they last?

Some of these questions can be answered in the instructions of the manufacturers of adhesive mixtures intended for gluing this type of wallpaper. But there is no information about the features and rules of care.

In fact, everything is not so difficult. Before you go to the store, you need to remember a few points.

Features and characteristics of different types of wallpaper.

Non-woven wallpaper

The composition of non-woven wallpaper includes cellulose fibers (more than 70% of the total volume of components), which is a natural and environmentally friendly material. Thanks to her, the canvases are strong and thick enough to hide significant surface flaws and reinforce small cracks.

Therefore, such wallpapers are the best choice for those who do not have the desire to carry out the entire range of work on the pre-finishing of the ceiling. The base that holds the cellulose is non-woven. This is an elastic and sufficiently moisture resistant material, which determines the main properties of these wallpapers.

Vinyl wallpapers

They got their name because of the features of the upper (front) layer. It is made of vinyl - a durable and ductile material that allows you to get a structured surface with a pronounced relief.

The basis of such wallpaper (substrate) can be paper or non-woven. Vinyl provides a wide range of design options. Therefore, in this type of wallpaper there are products with embossing, silk-screen printing, interspersed with various sparkles and crystals.

Glass fiber

Glass fiber is based on sand, soda, dolomite and lime. These fabrics are woven on equipment designed for this purpose from yarn obtained using a special technology.

Glass fiber is an environmentally friendly and absolutely non-combustible material. They are easy to clean and stick even on difficult surfaces. The textured front side allows you to mask small flaws in the base ceiling.

Textile wallpapers

For textile wallpapers, only the top, front layer is fabric. The bottom can be made of paper or non-woven. This parameter determines which glue you need to buy for finishing the ceiling with fabric sheets.

Textile wallpaper - one of the most spectacular and stylish. The front layer can be made of velor, jute, cotton, linen, synthetic fibers. This type of wallpaper has good sound absorption, vapor permeability and thermal conductivity.

The technique of gluing different types of wallpaper on the ceiling

When pasting the ceiling with wallpaper, one rule that is unchanged for all types of this material is taken into account - if the base surface is sufficiently loose and unstable (for example, crumbling lime or plaster), it must be cleaned, strengthened (puttied) and primed.

The next step is the choice of glue. For reliable fixation of the wallpaper, you need a composition that takes into account the features of the lower layer of the canvas. There is no difficulty in choosing an adhesive: each manufacturer indicates on the packaging for which type of product its product is intended.

Choose any method of applying glue: using a paint brush or a roller on a long or short handle. If you decide to use the latter, you will need a tray or a piece of thick cardboard on which the roller will be rolled, squeezing it and removing excess glue. Otherwise, drops from the ceiling are inevitable.

In most cases, applying adhesive to the base surface is sufficient. But when sticking dense and thick canvases (non-woven, glass, textured vinyl), it is recommended to apply glue to the wrong side of the canvases.

While working, you need to follow a few rules:

  • stick wallpaper at a positive air temperature;
  • prevent drafts in the room;
  • carefully remove excess glue and air bubbles that form under the wallpaper during gluing to the ceiling.

How to make a ceiling in a private house

Making the ceiling in a private house is no different from a similar process in an apartment. But the underlying foundations often have significant differences. In apartment buildings, the floors are concrete, which determines the features of the pre-finishing finish. For example, if you need to remove old paint, you can use the firing method.

In a private house, floors are mostly wooden. They are much more difficult, for example, to plaster. Many experts consider this idea meaningless and unreasonable for finishing natural surfaces. But with a strong desire, you can strengthen a special plaster mesh on the ceiling and apply a layer of finish on it. This is exactly what most owners of private houses did not so long ago.

But modern realities dictate their own conditions - the plastered ceiling in a private house is no longer so attractive and presentable. Interior design trends emphasize naturalness and naturalness. Therefore, the ceilings in modern wooden houses are decorated with tinted beams, while zoning the premises.

Wooden lining is ideal for decorating the upper floors of such buildings. This material can be coated with any paint and varnish. This finish will be in perfect harmony with the material of the walls and ceiling, which will create an environmentally friendly atmosphere in the house.

In private houses, you can mount any type of suspended structures: rack, plasterboard, tension. The choice of materials for decorating the ceiling depends on the purpose of the room and the style solution of its interior.

Features of installation of suspended plasterboard structures

For the device of the frame on which the finishing material will be fixed, you can choose wooden bars or a metal profile. Since drywall is heavy, the frame planks should be spaced 50-60 cm apart. This will ensure the strength and stability of the structure.

Before starting work, you need to draw up a false ceiling diagram, on which the dimensions of each line and each figure (for multi-tiered structures) must be present.

The ceiling is called suspended because it is located at some distance from the base surface and is held at a certain height with the help of special devices - suspensions. The fastening of these frame elements should be given special attention, since it is they who take on the main load.

The process is simple but laborious. You need to know that between the canvases of this material there should be a distance of 2-3 mm. This is a damper gap, the function of which is to compensate for the movement of drywall.

The next stage after sheathing is puttying. A fiberglass mesh “serpyanka” is glued to the seams between the sheets of GKL and the ends of the tiers, after which they begin to apply putty and its subsequent grinding.

Facing plasterboard ceiling may be different. Most often choose coloring and wallpapering. But you can apply liquid wallpaper or decorative plaster.

Drywall (gypsum plasterboard) and metal profiles are the main materials that are used when finishing the ceiling in the manner described in the article. They have a number of varieties, their choice depends on the specific needs of the owner of the house and the characteristics of the room.

Features of installation of suspended plastic ceilings

Since plastic is a lightweight material, a solid frame is not required for its installation. As planks, you can use wooden blocks or metal profiles. But it is possible to construct a frame from U-shaped strips and stringers included in the package of rack ceilings. These are lightweight and strong enough profiles that are great for rooms with high humidity.

U-shaped profiles are installed along the walls of the room at the level of the new ceiling. Stringers perform the function of longitudinal and transverse beams held by hangers attached to the base ceiling. That is, the principle of the frame structure is the same as in the case of plasterboard suspended structures.

The method of fastening plastic panels depends on the material of the profiles. If these are plastic stringers, the facing rails are inserted into the openings intended for this purpose. If these are wooden blocks or a metal profile, the panels are fixed with self-tapping screws.

Ceiling in the bathroom of plastic panels

Polyvinyl chloride is a material widely used in various fields of activity, it also finds its application in construction. Installation here does not require high qualifications and expensive equipment, it is enough just to get acquainted with the algorithm for its implementation. And as mentioned above, the material in its properties is suitable for any room in the apartment. Therefore, the installation of plastic panels in the bathroom is the most advantageous finishing option.

Applying plaster to the ceiling is not an easy task. And the process of decorating the surface significantly increases the complexity of the work. But all these difficulties are quickly forgotten when the desired result is achieved. The ceiling made of decorative plaster looks very impressive and presentable. Therefore, it is worth working on creating such an aesthetically attractive surface.

What kind of plaster to choose for decorating the ceiling?

The market of finishing materials offers two types of decorative plaster:

  • structural;
  • textured.

Both of these materials are suitable for ceiling decoration in residential premises. But for an easier choice, you need to know about the features of each of them.

Structural decorative plaster is only white, therefore, it needs to be tinted with any compositions suitable for this purpose - dyes, water-soluble pigments, tinting agents.

Textured plaster is a ready-to-use material with a specific color. The composition of the mixtures includes all the components necessary to obtain a decorative layer. Therefore, it is easier to work with textured plaster for those who do not have experience in applying it to the ceiling.

You can choose any mixture:

  • coarse grain with a grain diameter of 3-5 mm; with an average filler value (1.5-2 mm);
  • with a fine texture (grain diameter is not more than 0.5-1 mm);
  • fine-textured (filler diameter less than 0.5 mm).

The technology for applying any of the above compositions is almost the same.

According to the type of filler, the following types of plaster mixtures are distinguished:

  • polymeric;
  • silicone;
  • silicate;
  • mineral.

The former are most convenient for decorating a marble or leather surface. Silicone have a wide range of colors and have excellent vapor permeability. Silicate is known for its resistance to the formation of pollution, therefore it is optimal for decorating ceilings in kitchens and hallways. Mineral plasters are universal and can be used in any type of premises.

Ceiling decoration with decorative plaster

Preparatory work

Before, the ceiling surface must be prepared. If significant differences in heights and large flaws are found, the surface is leveled. For this purpose, special mixtures are used (“Rotband”, “Fügenfüller”) and metal beacons (perforated narrow strips). The method of leveling ceilings with the help of plaster mixtures is called “wet”.

There is also a dry method. It consists in mounting drywall sheets on the ceiling. In this case, you will need to build a wooden or metal frame. In the end, you should get a single-level plasterboard ceiling. Plaster is applied to this surface from GKL sheets.

It is possible to level the base surface using a finishing material - the most decorative plaster. But in this case, the consumption of the mixture increases significantly. If the surface flaws are significant, a fiberglass mesh will be required, which will act as a reinforcing material.

Primer selection

Before proceeding with the finishing work, choose and buy a primer. It will ensure high-quality adhesion of the decorative material to the base. You can use the same tools as when puttying GKL.

There are 4 types of primers:

  • alkyd;
  • acrylic;
  • polyurethane;
  • silicone.

Any of them is suitable for preparing the ceiling for applying decorative plaster. When choosing, it is important to pay attention to the properties of the composition. It is optimal if it has the ability to protect the surface from moisture and the formation of mold and mildew.

Among the universal primers include most of the products of the companies "Knauf", "Perfecta", "Prospectors". Forbo Eurocol, Ceresit C17, ALC-PRIMER primers are popular.

Cover the ceiling with a solution using a paint brush, roller or spray gun. The choice of tool depends on the scope of work and ease of use in a particular case.

The technology of applying decorative plaster on the ceiling

Step 1, preparatory stage

Before applying a new finishing coat, remove the old one. Dust the ceiling.

Step 2, applying the primer

Depending on the complexity of the base surface, cover the ceiling in 1 or 2 layers. Wait for the primer to dry completely, focusing on the time interval specified by the manufacturer. On average, the interval between applying each next layer of primer is 3-4 hours.

Step 3, preparing the main material

Dilute the dry mixture with water in the proportion indicated by the manufacturer on the product packaging.

Step 4, laying decorative plaster

To perform the work, use rubber, plastic, metal spatulas. The first base layer may be the only one. It depends on the complexity of the ceiling surface and the need to level it.

Pick up the plaster on a spatula with a wide blade and apply to the ceiling, evenly distributing the composition over its surface. Use the same tool to level and smooth the layer.

Step 5, decorating the ceiling

The plasticity and relatively long curing period of decorative plasters makes it possible to create different types of textures on the ceiling surface - from relatively flat to embossed with protrusions up to 7-10 mm high. The latter will help hide all the irregularities of the base surface.

Decorate the plaster layer within 15-20 minutes after its application. If compositions with coarse or medium-grained filler are selected, this stage of work can be skipped. Such mixtures themselves form a surface with a pronounced texture.

In other cases, use various techniques, objects and tools to finish the ceiling. A spectacular texture can be obtained using a regular plastic bag rolled into a ball. With this device, they touch wet plaster, leaving randomly located grooves and dents on it. After that, lightly smooth the ceiling with a grater or spatula.

Instead of a plastic bag, you can use paper, foam sponge, stencil, textured roller. The choice depends on the desired effect.

How to make a glass ceiling

Glass ceilings are an infrequent choice when decorating apartments and private houses. The relatively low popularity of this finishing method is explained by the apparent complexity of working with glass.

In fact, everything is different: today you can buy special frames for installing glass panels. These structures are easy to install and are almost a complete analogue of the well-known Armstrong ceilings.

Glass panels can be different:

  • stained glass type;
  • plain;
  • matte;
  • tinted;
  • mirror;
  • with photo printing;
  • embossed.

Since the weight of the stele is quite large, the optimal dimensions of the panels are within 29.5x29.5 cm and 59.5x59.5 cm. Such panels will not create a significant load on the frame. Evenly distributed weight can withstand not only metal, but also plastic crate.

Glass ceilings are good because they do not require preliminary preparation of the base surface.

In addition, they have another advantage - the ability to arrange a spectacular backlight.

Ready-made glass ceiling designs are offered by Albes (Russia) and Geipel (Germany). Manufacturers produce two types of frames - rack and cassette. The suspension system can be of open and closed type. In the first case, the load-bearing profiles are visible, in the second, they are hidden behind the cladding panels. Using T-24 or T-25 suspension systems, you can quickly mount and dismantle the glass ceiling.

  • metal bearing profile;
  • lock type - solidly carved;
  • type of connection of guide rails with bearing profiles - overlap;
  • cell cross section - square;
  • dimensions of glass plates - 60x60 cm.

Glass ceiling installation technology

Consider the technology on the example of the suspended cassette system "Albes".

Step 1, preparing to attach the rails

If any engineering networks pass along the ceiling line, all these communications must be strengthened.

Step 2, determining the level of the Albes cassette ceiling

It is necessary to determine and beat off the level at which the cassette ceiling frame will be installed. This can be done in several ways: using a bubble level and a hydro level, a plumb line and a chalk line. Any tools that allow you to get smooth horizontal lines along the walls of the room will do.

Step 3, installation of the guide profile

Before attaching the PL 19/24 profile, drill holes in the walls using a perforator. After that, dust the recess and drive a dowel-nail of the appropriate section into it. Next, attach the profile to the wall and mark the dowel installation points on it. Drill holes in the marked places in the profile. Fasten the guides to the walls with self-tapping screws.

Step 4, marking the anchor axes

Between the guides, from one wall to another, stretch the cords (strong threads, thin ropes, twine) so that they repeat the scheme of the hanging cassette system with a square section of the cells.

The intersection points of the stretched threads are projected onto the ceiling of the installation site of the suspensions. Mark these places with a marker.

Step 5, mounting the hangers

In the places of marks, fix the hangers so that the distances from the walls are no more than 60 cm. This requirement applies to panels weighing up to 4 kg/m2. If the mass of glass plates exceeds this value, the maximum distance from the walls should not exceed 45 cm.

Step 6, installation of T-profiles

The guide profiles of Albes suspension systems have special locks that ensure the strength of the frame and prevent it from sagging. The best choice is profiles with solid-cut locks.

Step 7, laying glass panels

Slide the glass plates one by one into the mounted suspension system and place them on the T-profiles. Additional fastening of the plate is not required.

If illumination of the glass ceiling is provided, perform the installation of electrical wiring at the stage of preparing the base surface and fixing communications.

Separately, it is necessary to determine the materials that will be used in the process of work - the technology and the sequence of repair processes largely depend on them.

This issue is especially relevant for ceiling decoration - a large number of different options makes it difficult to answer the question of which ceilings are best done in a private house. Shall we try to figure it out?

There are several options for finishing the ceiling:

  • Stretch fabric
  • Plasterboard blocks
  • Ceiling using wooden blocks or beams
  • Plaster
  • Cassette ceilings
  • Wallpapering

Let's take a closer look at the pros and cons of each option.

Stretch fabric

Use in the construction of a private house is one of the most common options. No wonder. The stretch fabric is very easy to install, and is relatively inexpensive.

However, designers love them for another quality: a huge variability. You can design a stretch ceiling in any color and with any number of levels. This allows you to apply the most daring design solutions and use a variety of room design options.

In addition, the tension fabric is completely sealed, which eliminates leakage. This is especially true in that part of a private house where the ceilings are adjacent to the roof - even if the roof leaks, the interior of the room will not suffer.

They also differ in increased sound insulation due to their tightness. In addition, care for them is not particularly difficult: it is enough to choose a non-abrasive agent and occasionally wipe the surface with it.

And most importantly. The use of a stretch ceiling allows you to reliably hide communications and pipes - this is especially true in a private house.

As for the shortcomings, they could not do without them either. Such ceilings do not differ in high strength, therefore, some caution must be observed in their operation. However, the ceiling is not the floor, which means that there should not be frequent physical contact with it.

Another problem is joints. No matter how carefully it is laid, there is a chance that they will be noticeable. You can mask the joints with the help of design elements or make them as such - for example, when using stretch fabrics in a contrasting color.

In addition, without the appropriate skills, it will be quite difficult to install a stretch ceiling with your own hands.

In general, stretch ceilings are the best option for use in the construction of a private house: hygienic, easy to install and relatively inexpensive.

Drywall (gypsum board)

The direct competitor of the previous version in terms of popularity is .

One of their main advantages is complete environmental friendliness. Drywall does not contain harmful impurities, and therefore it can be safely used even for decorating the ceiling in children's rooms.

However, the material does not tolerate moisture well, absorbing it inside and becoming heavier. Therefore, if you are not sure about the moisture insulation of a wooden house or choose a ceiling for the bathroom, it is better to refuse this idea.

The variety of drywall constructions allows you to use them in almost any interior style. Multi-level or single-level ceiling, arches and suspended elements ... The use of drywall definitely leaves a lot of room for imagination.

Note: Even more diverse design solutions can be found using a combination of drywall with stretch fabric.

In addition, such a ceiling well covers all the shortcomings of the floors, helps to hide communications. If you need to hide a large pipe or shield, design a drywall box - it will look like an organic part of the interior, while reliably removing an unnecessary element from your eyes.

The cost is also pleasing - gypsum boards are considered one of the most inexpensive materials. This allows you to cover the ceiling of the entire house without particularly strong costs.

However, it was not without its downsides. In addition to the already mentioned tendency to absorb moisture, drywall is fragile. This requires extreme care when installing such a ceiling.

It is not suitable for rooms with low ceilings - installing drywall boards can take about fifteen centimeters of room height at one level, and much more with multi-level ceilings.

But if space allows, this option may be ideal for you.

Features of wooden ceilings

The most expensive material for finishing ceilings is considered to be wood. High cost, installation complexity, the need to carefully check each element of the ceiling structure ... Should it be associated with installation in a private house?

Definitely yes! Despite the high cost of elements and long installation, such ceilings have practically no disadvantages during operation.

First of all, it is necessary to note their impeccable appearance. Elegant wooden ceilings fit into any design. Even a high-tech interior can be combined with wooden ceiling elements, if you show a little imagination and artistic taste.

For classically decorated rooms, it is difficult to wish for a better option.

In addition, now the tree has ceased to be a monotonous material: a large number of processing methods allows you to choose the shade that you need.

The material is also distinguished by high strength - they can be damaged, in fact, only with intention.

Separately, I would like to note the coffered ceilings: massive wooden slabs look very elegant and, of course, impress both the owners of a private house and guests. Fashionable in the Renaissance, ceilings are now gradually becoming one of the most popular design techniques - why not take advantage of it?

Combined wooden ceilings and with a lot of decorative elements. You can easily add elegant arches, carved elements and even stucco - everything that can look clumsy on modern materials will be appropriate here if you know the measure.

Another advantage of wooden ceilings is the cassette laying method. Thus, the shortcomings of floors, wires and communications are easily hidden.

However, do not forget that the installation of a wooden ceiling is a complex process that must be entrusted to professionals. You are unlikely to succeed in doing the installation yourself, you risk simply spoiling the expensive material.

The use of plaster

Plastering is a previously popular method, which is gradually becoming less and less used. Of its advantages, one can single out, perhaps, low cost, variability of subsequent finishing and the ability to carry out work independently.

Most often, the surface is plastered before painting or whitewashing. To do this, it is necessary to prime the ceiling partition, and then cover it with a special mixture. Then you can apply a fine finish - paint or whitewash.

Despite the fact that the process looks quite simple, there are much more flaws in it than it might seem at first glance. First of all, ceiling plastering works are characterized by a large amount of dirt and take a lot of time. Think about whether the savings are worth the effort?

In addition, the plaster fits well on a flat ceiling. In order to cover up cracks and irregularities, you will have to spend a lot of effort. Again, this type of ceiling finish does not hide communications, for which special boxes will have to be mounted.

It is not always possible to successfully fit them into the interior, which noticeably spoils the appearance of the rooms and kills any, even the most beautiful design.

Even if you have chosen a high-quality plaster mixture, it is unlikely that later you will be able to do without a fine finish with paint or whitewash - these are additional time, effort and costs.

Note: Plaster imposes restrictions on the choice of lighting devices - for example, recessed lamps will ... simply have nowhere to build in!

Therefore, if you have the opportunity to use another option - we recommend that you do it!

The use of cassette ceilings

Not the most popular option in Russia, but worthy of attention, are cassette ceilings on thin metal plates. If you imagined a faceless iron ceiling - you are wrong!

Modern cassette designs are distinguished by a variety of designs, colors and shapes. You can easily pick up cassettes for any interior and be able to create a truly original ceiling.

Such ceiling systems are easy to install - even a person with no experience can install them in a short time.

Another plus is high hygiene. Specially treated metal does not collect bacteria even in rooms with high humidity, which means that such ceilings can be used in the bathroom and in the kitchen.

Caring for them is also simple - it is enough to occasionally wipe the ceiling with special products.

Features of the installation process make it easy to mount any fixtures - from large chandeliers to built-in spotlights.

Of the minuses, one can single out the lack of insulation and a rather high cost, however, in general, the option deserves consideration for use in private homes.

Of course, in the review we could not list all the available types of ceiling decoration in private houses: wallpapering,.

The main thing to focus on when choosing a ceiling for a private house is the features of the room, its configuration, floor materials and your own preferences.

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