What glue to use for gluing wood. Which carpentry glue to choose: types by composition, an overview of adhesive products

Wood in our life.
Nature has endowed wood with such a unique set of qualities that no other material on earth has: environmental friendliness, wear resistance, richness of textures, etc. It is impossible to list all the areas of its application. Here is just a short list:
construction;
furniture;
paper production;
musical instruments;
toys;
housewares.
Despite the fact that this material is quite durable, it also tends to break, crack and split into pieces. In order to resurrect a damaged thing to life, gluing a tree is necessary.

Factors influencing the choice of wood glue.
Mankind has invented a considerable number of adhesive compounds for woodworking. To know how to glue a tree with the best result, you need to have information about the range and features of adhesives.
When deciding which glue to use, you need to take into account a variety of factors that may affect your choice. For example:
type of operation (glue a broken stool or connect thin carved fragments);
a set of connectable textures (glue wood to wood or fix it to metal, fabric, leather, etc.);
the conditions under which the glued objects will be used;
expected connection reliability;
the time required for gluing;
price.
Master's advice: no matter what composition you use, in order to achieve a strong setting, you must follow the general rules: thoroughly clean in advance, degrease well and dry the areas to be joined. And one more thing: the thinner the adhesive seam is, the stronger the joint will turn out.

An overview of the types of glue.
BF:
Under this brand, several formulations are produced, which differ in digital marking. The larger the number in the marking, the higher the ductility and the lower the strength. BF-2 is suitable for fastening rigid structures that are not subject to bending and vibrations. BF-4 is more elastic, but the strength of the glue joint is somewhat lower than that of BF-2. Which type is better to use depends on your tasks.
Technology: 1 hour is given to dry the first layer. Then a second layer is applied, allowed to dry for 10 - 20 minutes and both parts are pressed tightly against each other. Note that BF glue is functional and resistant to high humidity and most chemical influences. Disadvantage: contains aldehydes and phenol, therefore it is not allowed for use in the production of dishes and children's toys.

Polyvinyl acetate (PVA):
This species has long been widely known; has various modifications. To work with wooden products, you can use PVA-MB (universal) or PVA-M (super glue). The latter is considered the highest quality due to its greater viscosity. Suitable for expensive and responsible operations.

The main advantage is fire safety. Days are given for drying. The surfaces to be bonded must be thoroughly degreased.

"Moment":
"Moment" is known as a universal strong glue. Among its varieties there is a specialized one - "Moment Joiner". The salient features of this brand are:
quick setting - 10 -15 minutes at room conditions;
heat resistance (for example, you can fix the veneer to the base with heating with an iron);
special strength;
color invariance.
The disadvantages include insufficient water and frost resistance.

Carpentry:
There are two types - bone and mezdrovy. The first is made from animal horns, the second is made from the wrong side of raw animal skin. Of the two varieties - bone is considered the best. It goes on sale in the form of granules, grains or flakes.
During preparation, the dry fraction is soaked in cold water, then boiled in a water bath at a temperature of about 70 degrees, stirring thoroughly until complete dissolution occurs. It is applied in the form of a warm liquid mass. Better to use immediately after breeding.

Epoxy:
Made on the basis of epoxy resins, and consists of two components - resin and hardener. Suitable for any material, fills cavities well and smooths out irregularities. Therefore, it is especially suitable for restoration work. It is a dielectric. It is not affected by water, grease, oil, or surfactants found in any cleaning products. It hardens very quickly, and it will be impossible to fix something after hardening.

Casein:
It is resistant to moisture and high temperatures. It has a natural origin (it is based on milk protein), does not contain any harmful impurities. Fully sets in 20 hours.
The disadvantages include the ability to change the color of glued wood. Sometimes there are spots that darken over time. The finished solution can be stored no longer than 2 - 4 hours, and it cannot be reanimated.
Advice of the master: The degree of water resistance of the glue is easily determined by the packaging markings. It is indicated by the letter "D" and a number: 2 - low, 3 - good, 4 - very high. However, the D4 class is very expensive, and its use should be justified.

Polyurethane:
Very good, but the most expensive choice. Indispensable in cases where you need to provide a critical connection or create a multi-layer structure. The adhesion will be extremely strong, resistant to sea and chlorinated water.
Polyurethane glue for gluing wooden objects does not react to aggressive chemical environments and ultraviolet. In short, if you need to operate in extreme conditions, including significant mechanical stress, this is the best option.

Heat resistant:
It is necessary in cases where a wooden product will be fired; such as a gas burner. The use of an adhesive with improved thermal properties is a guarantee that the surfaces connected with it will not disintegrate even under the influence of very high temperatures.

As you can see, even such a detailed review of all kinds of adhesive compositions is unlikely to give an unambiguous answer to the question: “Which glue is better for wood?” Probably the one that is better than the rest to cope with a specific task in a specific case, and at the same time will be available to you at a price. If possible, get two different types of glue and try each one in turn. So you can choose the most suitable option for your carpentry work.

Wood is the most common building material in Russia. Accordingly, the problem of its strong gluing is very relevant. The most common glue for wood is, of course, PVA, and it has been used for more than 50 years, and even now it is difficult to find a worthy alternative in construction.
The cheapest are the types of PVA glue for the office, and in construction they are only suitable for wallpapering. The second group is represented by PVA building adhesives, which are an additive in concrete and as a glue for decorative elements made of wood, paper and pile coatings. This is followed by a group of adhesives for household needs and it is suitable for simple carpentry work. This group is the most popular among consumers. The fourth group includes adhesives that are designed for carpentry work.
Most consumers prefer the old fashioned way to use variance. And this is not a mistake, although it brings with it a number of inconveniences. One of them is the issue of plasticization. The plasticized dispersion is afraid of the cold, and when it is plasticized by the consumer, as a rule, the quality is lower than the factory one. In the case of using ready-made frost-resistant PVA adhesives, this issue disappears.
It should be noted that the use of PVA dispersion for gluing does not give a true increase in the strength of wood gluing.
The fifth group is the types of PVA filled. These adhesives give good strength, but have special properties:
- the formation of white gluing seams, in place of the usual transparent ones;
- limited plasticity;
- dries in less time.
Such features should be taken into account while working with them.
Conventional PVA glue is made on the basis of an inexpensive homopolymer dispersion, which has limited water resistance. Moisture-resistant PVA wood glue is made on the basis of a copolymer dispersion, which is a little more expensive. More preferable for such purposes are versatate and acrylic PVA copolymers, which are practically not produced in Russia, and imported adhesives are not cheap. But here it is better not to save money, since the products for which these adhesives are designed clearly do not belong to cheap products, and the share of adhesives at cost is negligible.
PVA glue for wood is moisture resistant, in turn, it is not intended for gluing frames or sheathing of a wooden yacht, but the railing on the porch or an open terrace for PVA glue is quite suitable.
The seventh group are specialized adhesives. They are intended for the woodworking and furniture industry. You can hardly find them on store shelves. Such materials are intended for a narrow scope of special tasks that rarely occur in everyday life. Accordingly, the cost of such adhesives is quite high. If the wholesale price for general-purpose PVA glue ends at the bar of 1–1.5 dollars. US per kilogram, then in this class of adhesives, the countdown is just beginning from this mark.
From the point of view, in the class of general-purpose adhesives, a rather high degree of gluing strength is achieved up to 35-40 kg per square centimeter, the strength of pine (for comparison) to tear along the fibers is 20-25 kg per square centimeter.
A further increase in strength here does not make sense at all, in other words, the gap will simply occur along the “body” of the wood itself and will not depend on the strength of the glue. Another thing is that excellent strength is not dependent on external influences. Such influences include the temperature parameter and the degree of humidity. If we are talking about furniture that is used at room temperatures, then this factor is not so critical, but it should be taken into account.

It is quite easy to buy wood glue in our store. This section presents products that have all the necessary certificates and are deservedly popular among those who, due to their professional activities, deal with wood processing and the production of various kinds of products from it.

If you want to make a reliable connection that is resistant to moisture and low temperatures, you just need to study the characteristics indicated in the product cards, choose what suits you best, and, using the intuitive interface of the site, buy wood glue!

Appointment of adhesives from the site

Depending on the specific product, our products can be used for:

• increasing the reliability of docking joints (thorn and tongue and groove);
• applying veneer to surfaces made of natural wood and its derivatives;
• installation of laminate and plastic panels;
• gluing wood of various species (hard and soft), foam plastics, ceramics, concrete;
• for the installation of objects or the manufacture of products that will be used outdoors, moisture-resistant frost-resistant wood glue is used;
• manufacture of windows, doors, stairs, as well as products that may come into contact with food;
• furniture and carpentry production, as well as the installation of various products in bathrooms.

Our catalog contains the best samples of adhesives!

• DUDIVIL VR 11, PUR 501;
• TITEBOND ORIGINAL WOOD GLUE (3.785 L and 473 ml);
• TITEBOND II PREMIUM WOOD GLUE (3.785 L and 473 ml);
• TITEBOND ULTIMATE III WOOD GLUE-3 (3.785L).

By choosing any wood glue in our catalog (moisture-resistant and frost-resistant!), you can be sure that you will achieve your task with it in the shortest time and with maximum efficiency.

Safety is above all!

• The rooms in which adhesive work is carried out must be well ventilated or ventilated during the process.
• If adhesives get on the mucous membranes or human skin, it is necessary to rinse the contact points with running water. In some cases, it is recommended to seek medical help. Perhaps the doctor will need to know the brand of wood glue, the price of which we have the most adequate on the market, in order to find out which of the components caused the poisoning.
• Feeling unwell while working? Is your head spinning? Stop activities immediately, leave the premises, call a doctor. There are no extra precautions in such situations.
• Children and pets should not have access to adhesives.

Why buy adhesives from us?

• The company has been operating since 2013, which means that its products have been in demand for more than 3 years. During this time, the site company has established itself as a responsible partner with an impeccable reputation.
• The company was founded by an enthusiast with more than 20 years of experience in the production of various wood products. It is this impressive work experience that allows the company's management to offer customers only the best samples of adhesives, personally tested in practice.
• Our sales managers are craftsmen who have done various jobs with their own hands, including glue work. That is, these people perfectly understand your needs and therefore recommend exactly what you need.

We are waiting for your applications!

During the repair work in the house, one often has to deal with the need to glue parts or structures made of wood. You can, of course, connect them mechanically using screws, self-tapping screws, linings. But it is adhesive joints, being almost imperceptible, that make it possible to preserve the beauty of wood and wood products. Sometimes you need to glue wooden parts to structures made of other materials.

For each individual case, it is necessary to choose an adhesive that will securely connect the parts and last a long time.

Until the beginning of the 20th century, adhesives of vegetable and animal origin were mainly used for gluing wood. The advent of the plywood industry led to the development of synthetic types of glue. Currently, the range of such adhesives is very wide, as is the scope of their application.

All wood adhesives can be divided according to several criteria:

• by origin;
• by composition;
• for water resistance;
• in appearance;
• according to the method of obtaining;
• in relation to heat;
• by type of solvent.

By origin, adhesives are divided into the following types:

• vegetable origin - nitrocellulose, dextrin, starch;
• animal origin - fish, bone, skin, casein, albumin;
• synthetic adhesives;
• mineral adhesives - cement, silicate, bituminous.

By composition, all adhesives are divided into one- and multi-component.

For water resistance:

• low degree of water resistance - for indoor use;
• medium water resistance - can be used in outdoor structures protected from direct exposure to the atmosphere;
• high water resistance - they serve for a long time in the conditions of the external atmosphere.

In appearance, adhesives are divided into granular, powdery, pasty, film, liquid. According to the method of production (only synthetic adhesives are divided): polymerization adhesives; polycondensation.

In relation to heat, adhesives are also divided into 2 types:

• thermoplastic - when heated, they melt and remain in a liquid state, and when cooled, they solidify again;
• thermosetting - when heated, they first melt and then finally cure.

By type of solvent:

• with organic solvents;
• alcohol and water soluble.

Currently, adhesives of natural origin have largely given way to synthetic products, which are characterized by low cost, wide availability of non-food raw materials, the ability to control the properties of the adhesive mixture, low consumption of adhesive and high speed of its curing.

But in cases where high requirements are placed on wooden products and structures in terms of environmental friendliness, there is simply no alternative to adhesives of natural origin.

There are many requirements for modern adhesives, some of which may conflict with each other.

Operational requirements:

• glue must qualitatively connect and securely hold the glued parts;
• adhesive joints must have acceptable water resistance and weather resistance;
• the glue line must be durable.

The economic requirements are as follows:

• the cost of raw materials for the production of glue should be low;
• glue must have a low consumption;
• The adhesive production process should be as simple as possible.

Technological requirements:

• optimum adhesive viscosity after preparation;
• sufficiently long viability of the composition after the introduction of the hardener;
• high curing speed;
• long shelf life of the adhesive.

Environmental requirements: low corrosion hazard of the adhesive, non-toxicity of the components included in its composition. Special requirements: oil and gasoline resistance of the glue, transparency of the glue line and some other specific requirements.

The most common types of wood adhesives

Some types of adhesives are used exclusively for the needs of the industrial production of wood products. Therefore, we will consider only those compositions that are most often used in everyday life for the repair of furniture or other wood products.

Popular adhesives:

• Carpenter's glue is made from the skins and bone mass of animals. In former times, it was this glue that was widely used in the manufacture of furniture and woodworking enterprises. Now it is rarely used both in industry and in everyday life. Wood glue is usually sold in the form of granules that must be dissolved in water when heated. You can also find a jelly-like mass on sale, which you just need to dilute with water to the desired consistency.
• Syndeticone glue - prepared on the basis of a composition identical to wood glue, but powdered sugar and slaked lime are added to it. Provides high strength glue joints, resistant to moisture and aggressive chemicals. The downside is the cooking time - the dry mass must be kept in water for at least 24 hours.
• Glue paste - also prepared on the basis of wood glue by introducing crushed wood ash or chalk into the hot mass. It is used not only for gluing, but also for priming and puttying wooden parts. It also holds stone, glass, metal well.
• Compositions based on animal fats. They are used when there are high requirements for the safety of the adhesive. The most popular among these adhesives is casein - it securely fastens wood, paper, fabric and leather surfaces together. Casein glue is sold as a powder, which must be mixed with water and brought to the consistency of sour cream. 5 minutes after applying the glue, it dries almost completely and holds the parts together. Then the surfaces to be glued must be pressed even more tightly against each other. The disadvantage of glue is that it colors the parts, so it must be applied as carefully as possible.
• PVA glue is inexpensive and well known. The composition of the glue does not contain toxic substances, so it is widely used for the needs of home repairs. It is also good that PVA can be stored in a well-sealed container for a very long time. The adhesive hardens as moisture is absorbed into the surface and evaporated. The glue is not very waterproof. Therefore, in conditions of high humidity, it is better to use thick yellow PVA, which lends itself well to grinding.

• resorcinol adhesive. It is used for gluing outdoor elements, as it has excellent weather resistance. The glue is two-component - formaldehyde resin and hardener. The ingredients can be sold in both powder and liquid form. Glue is able to quickly set at temperatures above +15 degrees. After curing, it forms dark brown seams, therefore it is not recommended for gluing light wood.
• Urea-formaldehyde glue. It is most commonly sold as a powder to be mixed with water. Sometimes glue is sold complete with a hardener. Then one part is treated with glue, and a hardener is applied to the second. The usual composition is applied to both glued elements, while it perfectly fills the gaps and hardens very quickly. Additionally, parts can be compressed, this will speed up the setting. The glue is toxic. Therefore, you need to work with gloves, goggles and a respirator, and the room must have good ventilation.
• Epoxy adhesive - two-component. This composition is almost universal, forms a strong connection of parts, is resistant to water, fuels and lubricants and even some aggressive substances. Dries after 24 hours. The disadvantages include the need to protect the skin when working with glue, as well as its increased consumption.
• BF adhesives - compositions BF-2 and BF-4 are used for wood: BF-2 is used for interior work, and BF-4 for exterior. The adhesive must be applied in 2 layers, the interval between applications is 15 minutes. Drying of glue under normal conditions occurs within 1 hour. Both compositions have good moisture resistance, and BF-4 can be operated at low temperatures.
• Polyurethane adhesive - in comparison with other types of adhesives, it is quite expensive, but at the same time of high quality. The glue joint is able to withstand high dynamic loads, is not susceptible to changes in temperature, high humidity, and ultraviolet radiation. Such glue should be used for products intended for operation in adverse conditions.

• Heat resistant adhesive. Sold in the form of rods, when applied, they require the use of a special “gun”. Most often used when sealing cracks in wooden structures and fastening small parts. Such adhesive joints are resistant to high temperatures.

How to choose the right glue

In order to get a good result, you need to purchase a composition that best suits your tasks.

When choosing, you need to focus on the following considerations:

• The opinion of a person with extensive experience in similar work.
• Scope of work and their specifics (type of parts to be glued, place and conditions for their further operation). For large volumes, it will be more appropriate to use powder adhesives, as they are inexpensive.
• Choose the composition that is most suitable for the physical and chemical properties of the features of wooden products or structures.
• Read the specifications of the adhesive on the label and learn how to use it.
• Give preference to glue of a well-known manufacturer, designed specifically for wood, and not a universal composition. Among the most popular modern adhesives are such brands as Kleiberit, Casco, Titebond, Moment-Stolyar.

The water resistance class of the adhesive is indicated by the letter D and the numbers behind it:

• 2 - the water resistance of the composition is low;
• 3 - sufficient;
• 4 - high.

The higher the degree of moisture resistance, the more expensive the glue.

Therefore, you should not purchase a composition marked D4 for products operated under normal conditions.

Before carrying out work, the wood must be prepared:

• It is necessary to select parts similar in texture and color, to reject elements with cracks, damage, protruding knots.
• The parts must be cleaned and treated so that the pores of the wood are exposed, and the adhesive can penetrate deep into the wood.
• The moisture content of the parts to be glued should not exceed 12-18%.

Bonding process:

• Most often, the adhesive composition is applied evenly to both workpieces. The thickness of the layer depends on the type of adhesive and its consistency.
• According to the instructions attached to the composition, it may be necessary to withstand the elements for some time. So the glue will penetrate deeper, the moisture will evaporate, and the adhesives contained in the glue will concentrate. All this time, drafts and dust on surfaces lubricated with the composition should be avoided.
• Then the parts are connected. They should be tightly pressed against each other. In this case, part of the glue comes out in the form of a roller.
• Excess glue must be removed immediately with a damp cloth, spatula or scraper. If this is not done, the roller will harden and spoil the appearance of the structure.
• The parts to be glued must be held under pressure for some time using a vice or other equipment.

With the observance of technology, the connection is strong and reliable.

All photos from the article

The thorn + groove connection is a wonderful invention of mankind, thanks to it, it does not lose its functionality for decades. But there is one "but"! Wood is a natural material, therefore, it has the ability to shrink.

As a result of this, the parts quickly leave their nests and strive to fall off at every inconvenience. To prevent this, man invented adhesive compositions. Moreover, there are so many of them that it is sometimes difficult to choose. Today's instruction is about adhesive mixtures.

Glue - principles of choice

When choosing an adhesive, a very important role is played by where and with what loads this or that part will be used, what are the operating conditions. For example, in the kitchen, the glue must be resistant to moisture and steam; in the furniture in the rooms, this condition is not necessary.

The selection principles can be summarized as follows:

• a minimum set of preparatory actions;
• glue should be easy to use;
• the effect of gluing and the possibility of use comes quickly.

Our help! The preparation of the surfaces to be glued is the same for the application of any type of glue, and the full operation of the product is possible after 24 hours after gluing.

Part preparation

Regardless of the choice of glue, the preparation for the process is the same everywhere.

The instruction says:

• surfaces to be glued must be sanded to eliminate streaks of old glue;
• after sanding, the surfaces are degreased with any solvent;
• after drying the parts, you can apply the adhesive composition.

That's all the instructions. It remains only to choose the glue and carry out the process itself.

Choosing glue

When visiting a store, the main criterion for choosing glue, like any product, is the price, but in this case we will be interested in other components of success - reliability, application technique, working conditions:

1. PVA wood glue is an emulsion that contains polyvinyl acetate, some water and additional additives. The mixture is non-toxic, and is used even in the food industry. Schoolchildren use this particular composition for the design of applications and the production of papier-mâché.

The film that PVA forms has a good strength, is not brittle, although it is washed off well by many solvents. The application technique is simple: the composition is applied with a brush to one of the surfaces to be glued, then the parts are pressed and left under compression for a while. Works are carried out at an air temperature not lower than 6 degrees Celsius, humidity - not higher than 80%.

1. Quick Dry Compounds. There are a lot of them. The positive qualities of this composition is that at the usual recommended consumption during application, the parts to be glued are pressed with force for 45-60 seconds. Hardening occurs in an hour or two. But there are reservations right there - if the gaps are minimal, if the ambient temperature is not lower than 6 degrees Celsius, etc.

Advice! When choosing a quick-drying wood glue, keep in mind that the compositions themselves are quite aggressive and, in addition to general safety precautions when working with these products, be prepared for the fact that many products of this line change the color of the wood at the points of application and joining.

1. Epoxy resin. This set is very revealing. If you want a good result, with a guarantee that the products can be used even outdoors, then use a two-component wood glue. Two components of the composition - resin and hardener initially come in two different containers, since their mixture is able not only to harden, but also to withstand temperature fluctuations in the corridor of 180 degrees Celsius, from -30 to +150 degrees.

Note! The hardened resin does not react to technical oils and solvents, it is removed only mechanically, therefore this composition does not accept a second chance. And one more thing, the instructions for use describe the proportions of the use of ingredients.

In order to verify their viability, conduct a small experiment: in a small container, for example, a cap from a plastic bottle, add both compositions according to the described method. If curing occurs as described within the specified time, then the mixtures can be used.

1. Separately, I would like to highlight contact glue for wood. Its main application is gluing wooden lamellas to the floor. Other types of adhesive mixtures can be used, but the contact mixture was designed in such a way that the seam between the parts was elastic, and the wooden parts did not tear apart under different loads in different areas, and the single coating was not broken.

Considering that this composition is applied over large areas, the developers have provided for the possibility of applying glue with their own hands, as well as using sprayers.

1. Pros and cons. There are two criteria on the market today that are designed to attract a buyer: super glue for wood and professional glue for wood. It is assumed that these compositions do not just connect parts in the minimum time with the maximum warranty period, they are used specifically for professional, almost conveyor use. Practice often shows the opposite effect, and wood glue, without any advertising, copes with the task much better.

1. Silicone glue for wood. To be more precise, it is, which is intended for external and internal use. The composition is applied using a special gun by extrusion. These compositions have a stated period of use of up to 20 years.

Finally

Joiner's glue involves not just connecting parts, but also the possibility of using the item for its intended purpose. The video in this article has prepared an overview of these mixtures, but if you have questions, you can ask them in the comments.