What mastics are used to repair the roof. Repair of the roof of the house: bituminous mastic will help out

The main task of builders in the construction of the roof is to protect it from the destructive effects of precipitation. Bituminous mastic for roof waterproofing will help ensure water resistance. This is an oil-based binder mixture that has many advantages in use, and is made in different forms for ease of application.

Scope of application

The use of bituminous insulation has become popular in the following areas of roofing:

By applying mastic during the construction of the roof, the specialist creates a reliable roofing carpet that can withstand large temperature fluctuations and remain elastic for many years.

Waterproofing bituminous mastic has the form of a paste that is ready for use, but there are also compounds that need to be prepared immediately before work. They include:

Special additives are made on the basis of synthetic resins, which increase the astringent properties of the product.

Advantages

Bituminous mastic for roof waterproofing has a huge number of advantages:

1. High rates of elastic deformation, avoiding the rapid destruction of the material.
2. Possibility of repairing roofing damage due to the ability to fill even microscopic holes in concrete.
3. The suitability of the material for high temperature effects.
4. Prevention of moisture ingress and development of fungal microorganisms.
5. Excellent workability - fits well on any material.
6. Economical consumption, reducing the cost of roof construction.
7. Fire resistance. Allows you to work at objects with increased fire hazard.
8. Easy installation, without the involvement of specialist roofers.
9. Durability.
10. Acceptable price.

Types of plastic mass for roof waterproofing

Depending on the characteristics of waterproofing materials, they are conventionally divided into different types:

1. According to the procedure of use:

Analysis of prices and manufacturers of bituminous mastic for roof waterproofing - the right choice, GOST

The most common material for waterproofing roofs, foundations or other parts of the structure is bituminous mastic. Bituminous mastic is made on the basis of solid or semi-solid petroleum bitumen. Astringent, may have a different color, traditionally black. We will tell our readers about what bituminous mastic is for waterproofing roofs, who produces and how much the material costs, how to choose for do-it-yourself work.

What is bituminous mastic for roof waterproofing

Bituminous mastic contains binders based on bituminous solid and semi-solid resins. The composition from different manufacturers may include fillers, various solvents and other additives.

Bituminous waterproofing is used for coating various surfaces. The protective layer when coated with your own hands is no worse than a membrane or film. When fastening rolled roofing materials, bituminous mastic is also used as an adhesive composition. The composition does not need to be additionally heated or diluted; after purchase, it is simply applied to a previously prepared roof surface.

Roofing bituminous mastic has a different color, and the coloring can take place directly at the factory where the waterproofing is made, or at the construction site.

Characteristics of bituminous mastic according to GOSTs

Mastic is used not only as a waterproofing, but also during the repair of an old dilapidated roof. With the help of liquid waterproofing mastic, the following works can be carried out:

1. Formation of a protective hydro and vapor barrier layer on the roof, foundation and walls of any structures.
2. Bonding rolled waterproofing materials to surfaces made of concrete, wood, iron, etc.
3. Installation of a roof with your own hands from mastic or bituminous material of any kind.
4. Anticorrosive protection of any metal surfaces.

Companies are constantly improving bituminous mastic and a modern product has high waterproofing properties and bio-resistance.

Types of bituminous mastic for roofing

Bituminous waterproofing of the roof is divided according to GOST into types:

1. For cold and hot application. (It is easier to work with these compositions with your own hands)
2. Water emulsion.
3. Based on various chemical solvents.

Among all types, hot-applied bituminous mastic is in special demand. It quickly hardens, although it is unsafe to apply it with your own hands, since its temperature can reach 150-170 ° C. Hot-use bituminous mastic is applied, preheated on a gas burner to 170 °. The work is carried out with a wide spatula in protective gloves and shoes.

Polymeric bituminous protective compounds are simply poured onto the surface to be protected and leveled easily with their own hands.

According to GOSTs, bituminous mastic is evaluated in accordance with the qualities:

1. How long will the protective layer last without repair measures. In the first place in terms of durability are bitumen-polymer compounds.
2. Stretching at sub-zero temperatures. The greater the stretch of the frozen layer of waterproofing, the less it will crack in winter.
3. Deformation. The extent to which the coating can be deformed depends on its waterproofing properties.
4. How strong is the adhesion to various types of surfaces. With high adhesion, the mastic will be more durable, ductile and crack less.

Not all types of modern compositions meet the requirements stated in GOSTs; waterproofing for roofing is bituminous rubber aquamast from TechnoNIKOL. The composition resembles liquid rubber, has high quality indicators, and is easy to apply when cold.

How to choose the right bituminous mastic for roof waterproofing?

It is not difficult to insulate a new roof or repair an old one using TechnoNIKOL bituminous mastic with your own hands. For work, there is no need to know any subtleties, just read the instructions that are on each TechnoNIKOL can.

The main advantages of applying TechnoNIKOL bituminous mastic include:

• Easy to apply (no need to heat to high temperature and use a special tool to apply to the surface).
• Strong adhesion to both horizontal and vertical surfaces (thick mass dries quickly).
• The protective layer has an elastic texture that does not crack or harden at sub-zero temperatures.
• Over time, hardening does not crack.
• Service life more than 25 years.
• When applied, it does not dry out and does not flow.
• The line includes protective compounds for any work.
• In high humidity does not lose its waterproofing properties.

All technical characteristics in high-quality bituminous mastic should be described on the packaging, if this is not the case, then you have a fake made of cheap resins. It is better to refrain from buying such waterproofing, even if the price is low.

Price for TechnoNIKOL

Price and a well-known brand do not always indicate the quality of products. Therefore, when choosing, it is worth relying not only on these criteria. It is worth evaluating the purchase in a complex way:

1. The service life of the material specified by the manufacturer. (you should not purchase material whose service life is coming to an end, it will not always be possible to use up the entire jar and the rest will have to be thrown away)
2. Consumption per 1m2 of covered area. (calculate the price depending on the expense)
3. The time frame in which the work needs to be done.
4. Freezing time of the material.
5. At what temperature can the product be used.

The most inexpensive and low consumption are hot bituminous mastics. They are more difficult to apply, but in terms of their characteristics, they are the golden mean in terms of price / quality ratio. These include the compositions of TechnoNIKOL for construction purposes MBU, MBI, MBH.

Rubber cold bituminous mastic for roofing aquamast is easier to apply and we recommend using a similar composition for do-it-yourself work. TechnoNIKOL aquamast is produced specifically for roofing, foundations and waterproofing. For gluing rolled waterproofing, TechnoNIKOL offers customers to use aquamast cold applied mastic for gluing.

The price of hot bituminous mastic from TechnoNIKOL starts from 350 rubles, liquid from 700 rubles. More details on the price of various bituminous waterproofing from TechnoNIKOL are indicated in the table:

The price of the composition largely depends on the size of the purchase, so wholesale starts from 30 buckets. For small repairs, you can buy small containers from 3 liters.

The most inexpensive are building brands MBU and MBI. The material is oil based and takes a long time to dry. It must be applied to the underground part of the building. MBH is considered the most economical option, but in terms of its functionality and range of use it is not inferior to more expensive brands.

TechnoNIKOL recommends using a separate brand of the Aquamast line to solve the problem in each specific case. Among the various analogues in the construction market, Aquamast is in first place in all respects. You can learn more about Aquamast in the video:

Which one is right for you, you need to decide in each case individually, starting from the possibilities and tasks.

Bituminous mastic for roof waterproofing - price analysis, which one is better to buy and consumption

Bituminous mastic for roof waterproofing - price comparison ... You need to know to buy correctly according to GOST ... Among the brand technonikol there are also fakes - how

Advantages and disadvantages of roofing based on mastic

Mastic roofs - they are also called "bulk" - have long established themselves in the construction markets. The final technological characteristics are affected by the additives used, the preparation process, the solvents or emulsifiers used and the stabilizers (depending on the composition of the mastics).

Roof covered with mastic

Roofs based on mastic

The basis of mastic roofs is bitumen filled with polymers, due to which the material acquires improved properties of waterproofing, heat and frost resistance, and elasticity. By itself, bitumen is a product of oil refining. To improve the properties and reduce the cost of bitumen, peat chips, asbestos, slag or wood flour are found as thickeners in the composition. According to their composition, the division of mastics can be made into one- and two-component. In the first case, the properties of the material appear after the evaporation of water or solvent, in the second, a hardener has to be added.

Mastic can be laid as an independent roofing material, with its help they carry out repairs, prepare the base for soft roofing materials, or perform attic waterproofing.

According to the method of application, mastics are divided into hot and cold. The former are used only after heating to a certain temperature, when the second type of mastic can be used without preheating.

Important: Work with a self-leveling roof is best done in dry weather. The base surface must not be wet. Otherwise, the adjunction of the mastic will not be complete, which will lead to a loss of waterproofing qualities.

Advantages of roofing based on mastic:

• High waterproofing properties
• Possibility of laying on top of the existing waterproofing layer during repair work
• No seams
• Low cost of materials
• Has good adhesion to various surfaces
• Biostability
• Heat resistance

The advantages of cold mastic roofs also include low fire risk, environmental friendliness and low labor costs. But compared to hot mastic, they have a higher material consumption.

The service life of mastic roofs is up to 15 years.

By appointment, mastic materials can be:

1. Roofing. This category is intended for the repair or installation of new mastic roofs.
2. Adhesive mastics are used when laying rolled roofing materials and for waterproofing. With their help, organize a protective layer of roofs.
3. Waterproofing.
4. Vapor barrier.

Hot applied bituminous mastics

They are the most common. They got this name because of the application technology. Before starting work, the mastic is heated to the desired temperature. The peculiarity of its application is the preliminary preparation of the base. It needs to be primed. Cooking can cause difficulties, because the mastics contain oil or mixed bitumen of different grades. But the fact that they quickly harden without shrinkage can be a plus. In addition, such mastics can be used at negative temperatures, and they are inexpensive. The main disadvantages: labor costs and inconvenience of work, the risk of burns and fires.

Bituminous mastics (without the use of polymers) are used for construction work with the foundation. It is not recommended to use as a roofing coating due to possible temperature changes.

By adding waste rubber in the form of crumbs to the bituminous mastic, manufacturers get an improved material - bitumen-rubber mastic. In the technical characteristics, the softening point, viscosity, water resistance, plasticity increase. Such a composition is produced exclusively in special factories.

Bitumen-rubber mastics are used in the installation of rolled and mastic roofs, as well as for gluing building materials.

Bitumen-polyethylene mastic is obtained by adding wax (low molecular weight polyethylene) to the bitumen. Such mastic can be obtained independently at the construction site, while the mixture must be heated to approximately 160-1800C.

Polymer-bitumen, although it does not differ in durability and waterproofing from bituminous mastics, has advantages in heat resistance, bonding properties, and elasticity. It does not contain additives, so it is easier to prepare. It is used for gluing layers of rolled roofs and waterproofing, for the manufacture of asphalt materials and products (for example, slabs); for cast plaster waterproofing. This mastic material is the most common.

Polymer mastics are the most expensive material in comparison with the rest. As their additional advantages, one can name a high degree of waterproofing, resistance to mechanical damage and exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Due to its high performance, the roofing will last at least 20 years.

Material classification

The base of the roof is prepared in advance, then a protective layer is applied by hot spraying, which forms a waterproof film for subsequent layers. Mastic roofs differ depending on the design by:

• Reinforced. It is formed by applying 2-5 layers of bitumen-polymer emulsion. Fiberglass is used as reinforcement for the middle layers. This process increases the life of the roof.
• Unreinforced. It consists of a layer of emulsion and several layers of mastic (total thickness - 10 cm). The filler can be stone chips or gravel.
• These two types of classification represent a continuous waterproofing coating.
• Combined roofs are formed by alternating the application of a layer of mastic and rolled materials. For the lower layers, cheap materials are chosen. An additional layer of protection (mastic with the addition of gravel or waterproof paint) can be applied.

The choice of mastic for roofs of different slopes

With a flat roof (slope no more than 2.5%), installation is carried out with minimal labor costs. Reinforcement in this case is not used, because the hot mastic is evenly distributed over the surface.

A slope of 2.5 to 10% will complicate the process of installing hot mastic. It is better to use reinforcing materials to avoid dripping of the mastic before it hardens completely.

With a slope of 10-15%, double reinforcement is used with sprinkling with mineral substances. Moreover, the mastic is applied in 2 layers.

For a slope of 15-25%, the mastic is laid in 3 layers, providing double reinforcement. Above - a protective coating in the form of painting.

With a slope of more than 25%, the use of rolled or mastic materials is not recommended.

Bituminous mastics of cold application

When using cold mastics, the risk of burns and fires is eliminated. The application process is more convenient and reduces labor costs.

To obtain cold mastics, the original bitumen is treated with a solvent (most often volatile) that evaporates upon application, after which it becomes mobile enough to work in a cold or slightly heated state. The result is a monolithic layer of waterproofing.

Cold mastics are prepared in mechanized plants by mixing asbestos, lime or cement and a solvent. They meet all the requirements for hot mastics. Store them in a closed container. Stir before use. Such mastic can also be used in the cold season, but if the air temperature is below 50C, then it must be heated to 700C.

Mastic based on liquefied bitumen is used for waterproofing, during the installation and repair of mastic roofing, as well as when working with shingles and other building materials. One layer dries in 12-24 hours, and gains its properties after 7 days.

Mastics based on emulsified bitumen are used for the installation of non-rolled waterproofing. Thanks to its water base, it is non-toxic, fireproof, dries faster (no more than 1 hour) and has better penetrating properties. This mastic can be used indoors. Due to the use of water as a solvent, the cost of such mastic is low.

The disadvantages of such mastic is that it should not be allowed to be stored at temperatures below + 50C. The use of emulsion mastic at low temperatures is also not allowed. This is due to the property of water to change the state of aggregation. The emulsion breaks down and its further use becomes impossible.

The production of such mastics is based on the property of bitumen to pass into water in the presence of emulsifiers into a finely dispersed state.

Emulsion mastic can be used as a base for installation and repair of rolled and mastic roofing, waterproofing in rooms, as well as for work with roofing where the fire laying method is not allowed (for example, power plants), installation of tray or roofs with complex geometry.

In European countries, emulsion bituminous materials have been used for over 60 years. Solvent-based mastics are prohibited in some countries.

Emulsion mastic after application undergoes a decomposition process, in which water evaporates, and bitumen is distributed over the surface and fixed on it.

Mastic for soft roofing: repair, waterproofing, sealing, etc.

What material to choose for roof repair? Variety of bituminous mastics. Tips for choosing mastic for roof repair and waterproofing.

- This is a homogeneous plastic substance made on the basis of bitumen and various additives that improve its properties. It has excellent physical and chemical characteristics, which make it an ideal waterproofing and adhesive material. After being applied to the surface, the mastic quickly hardens.

Bituminous mastics are used in any field of construction, covering most surfaces with them, including their use:

for the roof

With bituminous mastic for roofing, you can quickly and efficiently seal the surface, without the use of equipment. Mastic can be applied to any cleaned and even roof surface.

Brief instruction-reminder:

• Bituminous mastic is applied with a hard brush or brush in a thin layer. On a small damaged surface, it is better to apply with a spatula.
• When repairing a soft roof, the place of swelling is cut crosswise, the interior space is cleaned and dried, and then carefully treated with mastic.
• Mastic patches are sprinkled with sand to protect them from overheating.
• Cracked roofing material after cleaning is covered with hot mastic, when working with which you must be as careful as possible. Coating waterproofing is the simplest, most reliable and economical type of repair work.

Roofing with bituminous mastic:

Roofs treated with mastic have a long service life. If she still needs repairs, it will be very easy to repair the roof.

To repair the roof with bituminous mastic, the following work is carried out:

• Eliminate coating defects.
• Cut the bubbles present on the coating by making cuts in the form of a cross and dry them.
• The surfaces inside the incision are smeared with mastic.
• The edges of the incision are connected, aligned and fixed.
• A layer of mastic is applied to the cuts, fiberglass is laid in the form of a strip 10 cm wide and the mastic is reapplied.
• Large cracks and gaps are treated similarly.

For roofing material

Mastic for roofing material is one of the most reliable methods of its fastening. Mastic helps to securely fasten the roofing felt to the roof, remove air pockets. The surface of the roof is smooth and perfectly withstands loads. Suitable for hot and cold mastic.

For waterproofing

To protect structures in the ground from moisture, waterproofing mastic is used. She waterproofs bathrooms, pipelines, arranges seamless waterproofing coatings in basements, wells and pools.

Buildings treated with bituminous mastic for waterproofing acquire protection from fire.

For foundation

For all types of waterproofing, one cannot do without mastic made from petroleum bitumen, to which organic and mineral solvents and fillers are added.

This mastic is the best waterproofing material due to the following properties:

1. elasticity;
2. frost resistance;
3. good adhesion;
4. resistance to ultraviolet radiation;
5. ease of application.

The foundation is treated in several layers with bituminous mastic from all sides, making it completely hydrolyzed. The cheapest coating is with hot bitumen, but it is more difficult to work with it. To avoid difficulties, it is better to choose a cold bituminous mastic with organic solvents (polymer). To work with it, you only need brushes and a spatula.

To process the inside of the foundation, water-based mastic is used. It has a neutral smell and dries quickly. In industrial construction, bitumen-latex emulsions are applied mechanically.

Waterproofing the foundation with mastic is carried out using brushes, rollers, any tools that can be used to apply the composition to the surface. The mastic is applied in two layers, maintaining a technological pause between them. Its value depends on the characteristics of the composition.

On the video - how to properly waterproof the foundation with bituminous mastic:

For floor

For floor protection devices, modern bituminous mastic is often used. It is non-toxic and dries quickly. Bitumen mastic for the floor does not emit unpleasant odors. Most often it is used for waterproofing the bathroom.

For parquet

For fixing parquet floors on concrete or cement-sand screeds, cold mastics are used:

1. bitumen-cookersalt;
2. bitumen,
3. rubber-bitumen;
4. coumaron-cookersalt.

The use of cold mastics is due to the fact that their setting is slow, which allows you to accurately connect the strips into a ridge and groove. On bituminous mastic, you can lay parquet with an oblique edge.

For wood

Bituminous mastic MBU is used for wood processing. Especially important is the processing of wooden surfaces that are buried in the ground. If the mastic is very thick, it is heated with the lid open and thoroughly mixed after that.

For linoleum

Each type of linoleum is put on "its" mastic:

• Bituminous for a fabric basis.
• Dispersion - for a heat-insulating substrate.
• Mastics with the addition of synthetic resins and rubbers are suitable for baseless linoleum.
• Before laying linoleum on mastic, the floor is pre-primed. Mastic is applied to the floor with a notched trowel.

Gluing linoleum to mastic

For laminate

When laying laminate on bituminous mastic, the floor is warm, sound and moisture insulated. Equip it in the same way as when laying parquet.

For metal

For metal and automobiles, bitumen-polymer and rubber-bitumen mastics are most suitable. It perfectly protects the car, but before processing, the metal must be cleaned of dirt and rust, washed and dried.

For concrete

Although concrete is a monolithic product with increased strength, it always has microcracks and small pores through which water easily seeps through. Because of this, the reinforcement may rust over time, the foundation block may burst and sink into the ground. Therefore, concrete structures are treated with bituminous mastic, which reliably protects all cracks, pores and interpanel seams.

To do this, use various mastics made from:

1. solid bitumen;
2. liquefied;
3. waterproofing bitumen-rubber.

For expansion joints

Commercially available hot bituminous or cold mastics can be used to seal joints in concrete pavements. They withstand more than 200 defrosting and freezing cycles.

Bituminous mastic for bridge expansion joints:

For asphalt

To repair asphalt and seal the roadway, special mastics are used. They withstand strong compression and stretching, have good adhesion, and can be used at low temperatures. Already an hour after the work, the road surface can be exploited.

For ovens

To perform work on facing fireplaces and stoves, heat-resistant bitumen-polymer mastic is used. It withstands temperatures up to +1200 °C and above. It dries quickly, does not emit odor, and prevents the development of fungi and mold. It is a heat-resistant, reliable, durable, bactericidal adhesive material.

For the pool

To seal the pool, thiokols and rubber-bitumen mastics are most often used. Mastics harden right in the seam and eventually turn into an elastic black sealant. To fill the seams use a pneumatic syringe with replaceable cartridges.

Application of special mastic on the bottom and walls of the pool

For Styrofoam

Recently, bituminous mastic began to securely attach polystyrene sheets to metal, concrete, expanded clay, brick and wood. During work, vertical sheets of expanded polystyrene are fixed with temporary supports for a reliable connection, and a load is placed on the horizontal sheets.

How to work with mastic

To create an effective waterproof layer, the bituminous mastic is vigorously mixed using a drill or mixer.

For ease of application and increase plasticity, you can heat it. Since the layer is elastic, it is better not to apply hot mastic on surfaces that are often subjected to strong mechanical stress. A hot solution penetrates into the pores better, as it has an increased fluidity and, therefore, adheres more strongly to the material being processed.

The preparation of hot mastic must be carried out, observing safety precautions. more beneficial for large scale projects. Cold mastic is sold ready for use, it is safe to use and more convenient. But it costs more than hot.

They work with bituminous mastic at air temperature from -10° to +50°C. The mastic itself should be heated in a water bath to +15 degrees and above.

When working with mastic, you need to be aware of its fire hazard and toxicity. It is forbidden to warm it up on an open fire, as well as store it near a source of fire. If work is carried out indoors, it is necessary to create ventilation.

Preparation of hot bituminous mastic:

Consumption and consumption rate

Consumption of bituminous mastic per 1m? depends on its type. The consumption indicator depends on the type of material. Hot bituminous mastics do not decrease in thickness after hardening, therefore they are considered non-shrinking. To apply bituminous mastic in one layer with a thickness of 0.2 cm, it is required from 2.0 to 2.4 kg / m2.

An important characteristic of mastic consumption is the indicator of dry residue content. This is its amount that remains on the treated surface after it has dried and hardened. With a small dry residue, the consumption of the original mastic increases in order to form a film of a given thickness.

In the dry residue, to create a layer 2 mm thick, 3.4-3.8 kg / m? bituminous mastic. Most ready-to-use mastics have a solids content of 20 to 70 percent.

Applying mastic

In order for the mastic to adhere well to the treated surface, it is necessary to carefully clean the treated area from all types of contaminants. After that, the finished surface is thoroughly dried and heated. Thanks to this approach, the mastic will be applied evenly and you can save on its consumption.

The most popular tool for applying it is a brush or roller. They apply mastic and apply it like ordinary paint, without rubbing strongly into the surface. After drying, re-processing is done.

Bituminous-latex compounds can be applied by machine airless spray. With this method, a uniform layer is obtained, and material consumption is low.

You can also apply the mastic using bulk application, for this it is poured onto the surface and leveled with scrapers, mops or long-handled rollers. Although with this method, productivity is higher, more material is consumed.

What can dilute the mastic

Bituminous mastic is diluted with white spirit, solvent, toluene or kerosene until the required consistency is formed. After that, it is thoroughly stirred.

A few more words about the basics of using bituminous mastics:

Today there is a huge choice of roofing materials, and their number is increasing every year. But there are a number of materials whose quality has been tested for a decade, and therefore, their popularity does not decrease. For example, roofing mastic remains in demand for flat or slightly sloped roofs. But its composition is also changing. The article will focus on the choice of roofing mastic and the method of its application.

The choice of materials for a flat roof is not so wide. This is a classic roofing material or modern rolled materials. If in the first case the work is rather laborious and complicated, then in the second it is expensive, requiring the use of special equipment. Against this background, the use of bituminous mastic for roof waterproofing looks very advantageous. It is easy to apply, creates a monolithic layer, and requires a minimum set of tools to work with it.

Properties of roofing mastic

• Roofing mastic is produced on the basis of bitumen, but with the addition of various related components. It is a liquid mass with a high viscosity of black color and a pungent odor. It is evenly distributed over the entire surface of the roof with a long-handled roller or brush as a base layer. Or they are used for repairs, applying to separate areas.
• The composition dries, subject to dry and warm weather, during the day. This is important to consider, since in most cases it needs to be applied in several layers, allowing the previous one to dry completely.
• Depending on the thickness of the applied layer, after drying, an elastic and durable film with a thickness of 4-6 mm is obtained. It is resistant to mechanical damage, frost-resistant and absolutely impervious to moisture.

• Bitumen roofing mastic is a great option for garages and any other building with a roof slope of no more than 30 degrees. Since this is the only limitation in its application.

Tip: no matter how well a flat roof is made, it has bulges and depressions on the surface. In these places, the mastic layer should be thicker, since over time water will accumulate there, gradually destroying the coating.

Types of roofing mastic

Bituminous mastic is divided into several types depending on the composition and purpose.

• Roofing polymer mastic. It has a longer shelf life. When applied, it forms a durable protective coating with high heat-resistant and elastic properties at high and low temperatures. They are used for wood, concrete or metal;

• roofing mastic bituminous latex. It is characterized by a shorter drying time, which is especially important during repair work. It has good adhesion to almost all types of roofing. Withstands high temperatures (up to +70 °C) without melting. Numerous tests have shown that the latex bituminous coating is impermeable to water, resistant to extreme temperatures and UV radiation;
• rubber-bitumen mastic used when high-quality insulation is required or as the main solid layer. It is unsuitable for partial repair.

In addition, roofing mastics are divided into two-component and one-component. If the latter are already on sale ready-made and all that is required to work with it is simply applied to the surface with a brush, then two-component ones must first be prepared. To do this, it is mixed in the required proportions indicated by the manufacturer on the label. Most often, the composition of roofing mastic implies the presence of components that, when combined, cannot be stored for a long time. Therefore, for high-quality waterproofing, it is recommended to choose two-component compositions.

Advantages and disadvantages of roofing mastic

Not without reason, bituminous mastics are still the most popular solution if you want to waterproof a flat roof. Especially when the work is planned to be carried out independently. The advantages include:

• moisture resistance. It is able to withstand high water pressure for a long time without loss of performance;
• low cost. And the difference is not only in the price of the composition. When using it, you do not have to hire a team of professional roofers with equipment for gluing expensive rolled roofing;
• ease of use. It is easy to apply both with a roller and with a wide brush. Due to its viscosity, bituminous mastic is evenly distributed without additional effort;

• UV resistance. Under the scorching rays of the sun for many years, the bituminous roof will not need to be repaired, since the film formed has a high resistance to UV rays. In addition, it does not oxidize or corrode.

But, despite all the above positive qualities, it is necessary to mention the disadvantages:

• inability to complete work in one day. This is due to the fact that it is recommended to apply at least 3 layers of 1-2 mm each. And since it takes at least a day to dry, the work will be delayed;
• unsuitability for roofs with an angle of inclination of more than 30 degrees;
• you can work with it only in the warm season at positive temperatures.

The main manufacturers of roofing mastic

Bituminous mastic of several dozens of manufacturers is presented on the market. All of them are similar in composition and are in approximately the same price category. Among them, there are several brands that have already successfully established themselves.

• Roofing mastic KrasKo. This is a domestic manufacturer, whose factories are located in Moscow. They produce bituminous compounds of excellent quality at reasonable prices. Most of their compositions are multicomponent. The cost varies between 200-300 rubles / kg.
• Roof masticHydrolux. The main direction of their activity is based on the production of bitumen-polymer mastics. These compositions are valued for low consumption and reasonable price. At the same time, the quality of the resulting layer has excellent characteristics. The price does not exceed 350-400 rubles/kg.
• Roofing mastic Teheron. This Ukrainian manufacturer, until recently, was widely represented on the Russian construction market. Despite the nondescript packaging, this is a high-quality and reliable composition at a low price. So, 1 kg of mastic costs from 70 rubles.
• Roofing mastic technonikol. It is considered the unspoken leader in this product segment. It has existed for many years, during which the mastic has been improved and the material has reached the world level. The price is on average 3000 rubles / 20 kg and depends on the brand.

So, this company offers material:

• "Eureka - 41". It can be used both for creating a new roof covering, and for partial repairs or as a waterproofing. Available for cold and hot applications;
• "Technomast - 21". This high-strength coating is sold ready-to-use. As part of the main component of bitumen, rubber, various solvents and special additives are added. As a result, the roof covering will be not only moisture resistant, but also elastic and heat resistant;
• "Aqueous emulsion mastic - 33". It contains no solvents. This universal composition is suitable for arranging a new roof and for repair work;
• AquaMast. This is a cold roofing mastic based on bitumen and rubber. One of the most expensive in its line, but when completely dry, it creates an especially durable coating that is suitable for exploited roofs. In addition, such a roof is able to withstand more freeze-thaw cycles, which is especially important in central Russia and in the northern regions.

How to choose roofing mastic

First of all, it is necessary to rely on what kind of work will be carried out and in what conditions.

• To create a partial waterproofing or to repair individual sections of a flat roof, it is best to opt for bitumen-latex mastic. It has higher elasticity and fluidity, which is especially good for filling small cracks.
• The bitumen-rubber composition also has similar characteristics. But it is recommended to use it for covering the roof with a monolithic layer or for waterproofing individual elements, for example, vertical sides on a flat roof.

• But when creating an exploitable roof, along which any movement is planned in the future, it is better to choose durable polymer bituminous mastics.
• For a cheap repair, such as a garage roof, it's best to buy the cheapest conventional bituminous or tar compound. Its consumption is somewhat higher, and the result is not so durable, but the final cost is sometimes the decisive argument.
• If the work is carried out for the first time and there is no experience, then it is best to buy the most easy-to-use one-component composition. But for a more professional coating, you need to buy a two-component mastic.

Nuances when working with roofing mastic

But no matter how high-quality and expensive the composition of roofing mastic is purchased, if the technology of its application is not followed, the operational period is significantly reduced. Depending on the angle of the roof, a different number of layers of mastic and special reinforcing pads are made:

• at the maximum allowable tilt angle of 20-30 degrees, the cake will consist of 3 layers of the bituminous mastic itself, 2 reinforcing, and on top of 1 layer of protective paint;

• if the slope is from 10 to 15 degrees, then 2 layers of mastic are enough, also 2 reinforcing layers and on top of 1 layer of paint;
• with a roof slope of up to 10 degrees, 3 layers of mastic are made, 2 layers of reinforcement, and gravel or crushed stone is poured over the layer.

Tip: in addition to independent use, roofing hot bituminous mastic can be used to fix modern rolled roofing for flat roofs.

In addition to the main roof area, there are several roofing elements that require additional layers. So, for high-quality insulation of valleys or overhangs, you need to apply an additional 2 layers with reinforcement. But at the junction of flat sections with vertical ones (walls, ventilation ducts, etc.), it is necessary not only to apply 2 more layers of bituminous mastic, but also pour fine gravel on top and completely drown it in it.

Mastic roofs can be divided into several types: reinforced unreinforced and combined. And also according to the method of using the composition for hot and cold. Roofing cold mastic incorporates organic solvents. This allows you to use it without heating, if the air temperature is not lower than +5 ° C. If such a composition also has polymer components, then this significantly improves its performance. Unlike it, hot roofing mastic requires preliminary heating on a portable burner to at least 150-160 ° C.

Tip: before applying bituminous mastic to the roof, you need to properly prime the surface with a waterproofing compound, for example, a primer.

How to use roofing mastic correctly

• First of all, preparatory work is carried out. All debris is removed from the roof surface and, if possible, washed with water to get rid of dust.
• Then, based on the angle of the roof, the mastic is applied either by pouring and leveling over the surface, or by painting with a brush.
• Depending on the type of composition chosen, they work with mastic in a cold or hot way. In the second case, it is necessary to prepare a portable gas burner that can heat the bituminous mastic to the desired temperature and maintain it throughout all the work. The layer thickness should be approximately 1 mm, but their number directly depends on the angle of the roof - the smaller it is, the more of them. But it is important not to forget that before applying subsequent layers, the previous one must dry completely, which takes at least a day.

• The consumption of roofing mastic depends both on the characteristics of hiding power and on the method of application. But on average, this figure is 1.3-1.5 kg / m2.
• For greater mechanical strength, gravel is poured onto the top layer of the mastic immediately after application and completely sunk. If the coating was made combined, then it is recommended to use staining as a protective layer.
• If reinforcing layers are required, then fiberglass is used for them. You can only work with it with gloves, otherwise severe itching will appear on your hands. Smooth over the mastic conveniently with a wide spatula.

mastic roofing cost

Roofing mastic is a versatile and multifunctional material. It not only creates a high-strength and moisture-resistant coating on flat roofs, but also saves time and money on work.

• The final cost will be significantly lower than when using modern roll materials, it is this factor that still keeps these products at the peak of popularity. Mastic roofing is in demand not only for work with small roofs, but also for large facilities, such as shops, kindergartens and schools.
• To calculate the cost, one must proceed from the material consumption indicated by the manufacturer on the packaging. For example, bituminous roofing mastic technonikol declares a consumption of approximately 1.5 kg / m2. This means that one layer for a roof measuring 5x5 m will require 38 kg, which is equal to 6000-12000 rubles, depending on the brand.
• For additional strength, it is recommended to pour gravel or crushed stone of a fine fraction. On a roof of this size, 1 car trailer is enough, which means 0.5 tons will cost no more than 500 rubles.

One of the most important parts of the protection of any building from the external environment is the roof. It is subject to the influence of weather conditions and other atmospheric phenomena, therefore it is the high-quality roofing of the building that ensures the trouble-free operation of the building. Coating waterproofing is a simple but reliable roof covering. And performing work using bituminous mastic is a popular way to perform high-quality waterproofing.

One of the factory packaging

The mastic consists of a viscous soft substance with a rich dark color. Its composition includes bitumen with additional components. Quartz, lime, ash, mineral wool are used for filling. The filler provides the elasticity of the coating after hardening and prevents cracking during temperature changes. Bituminous mastic is used for roof repair and in other areas of construction.

Roofing mastic is intended for work with the roof of the building, its waterproofing.

The popularity of bituminous mastic provides a certain set of characteristics:

• Ease of application;
• Elasticity;
• Ability to withstand temperature changes;
• Light weight;
• Durability;
• Possibility of painting.

Ready-to-use mastic

Types of bituminous mastic

Bituminous mastics differ in the number of components in the composition: one-component and two-component. The one-component composition includes a solvent that evaporates after applying the layer. When the solvent evaporates, the composition on the surface of the soft becomes elastic and durable. Such mastics are available in ready-to-use form.

Two-component are available in two formulations that must be mixed. This allows you to change the properties of the material under real building conditions.

Depending on the application, cold and hot bituminous mastics are available on the market.

Remember that there are also latex and polymer-based mastics, combined types. The choice of combined options has both positive and negative features. For example, bitumen-polymer mastic has a significant drawback - it cannot be used in regions where the temperature drops below -20 degrees.

According to the diluent, mastics are divided into three types:

• With organic solvent content;
• With liquid organic matter;
• Water based.

Water-based mastics are one of the environmentally friendly methods of waterproofing soft roofs, as they contain only natural ingredients, and the application process is safe for health.

Working with hot material

Cold and hot mastic

Hot bitumen mastic is heated to 180 degrees before application. It hardens quickly due to the addition of a solvent to the hot mixture. When interacting with air and evaporating the solvent, the composition acquires elasticity and other characteristics necessary for operation. Working with such materials due to high temperatures is more laborious than when working with cold materials, moreover, it is unsafe and requires precautions.

Cold mastic hardens more slowly, but the application process is less laborious. In some types, a solvent is added before use. The use of this type of roofing at temperatures below 5 degrees Celsius requires preheating to forty - fifty degrees.

We add that this material is easy to use and does not require the use of sophisticated equipment or special professional skills.

Application area

Bitumen mastic is used as an independent coating for roof waterproofing on a rolled, steel, concrete or wooden base. These compositions are also used as a material for repair work and waterproofing of roof sections on which other (roll) materials cannot be used.

The larger the package volume, the cheaper the cost per liter

Mastic roofing has a number of advantages over other insulators:

• The coating without seams and joints eliminates the leakage of the roof;
• High level of waterproofing;
• Fire safety and environmental friendliness;
• There is no need to dismantle the old coating;
• Affordable price of materials.

The service life of such a coating without repair work is from 10 to 15 years.

Bituminous roofs are made with or without reinforcement. An unreinforced roof is a coating in several layers. The bottom layer of bitumen emulsion serves as a waterproofing surface, and on top it is covered with hot mastic with the addition of gravel or mineral chips.

Reinforced consists of a kind of "carpet", which is made up by applying several layers in addition to the reinforcing material.

There is also a combined type, in which a certain amount of roll materials with hot mastic sizing is used. This allows the use of inexpensive bituminous mastic in the lower layers.

Bituminous mastic is suitable for waterproofing soft roofs. This is advantageous in that the material takes the form of a platform, even if it has small inconsistencies and irregularities. On a soft roof, after hardening, an elastic and hard surface with a high water-repellent effect is formed.

How to apply waterproofing

The principle of the construction of a mastic roof

Work begins on a cement screed, coating with rolled material or other surfaces that are primed in advance with a bitumen-based liquid mortar. The joints with the drain and other surfaces are reinforced. At the same time, the slope of the slope of the soft roof is taken into account.

• If the slope is more than 15 degrees, then the surface is reinforced with two layers of fiberglass and covered with three layers of mastic. Additionally paint over the top layer.
• When tilted within 15 degrees, two layers of double reinforcement are sufficient, which are covered with an additional protective layer of gravel.
• If the slope is insignificant and is within ten degrees, then the surface is reinforced with two duplicate layers with the same number of layers of mastic.

Roof covering video:

For a long and complete protection against water, choose products that are known for their high quality and have long established themselves in the building materials market.

There are standards by which the quality of bituminous mastic is evaluated. Technical standards and GOST put forward the following requirements:

• environmental friendliness of products - the absence of harmful substances in the composition;
• good fluidity when hot, and when heated - easy rolling over the surface;
• heat resistance level - more than 70 degrees;
• homogeneous composition;
• shelf life corresponding to the documentation, preservation of all characteristics of the composition during the period of operation declared by the manufacturer.

Proper waterproofing

If you focus on the price range, then when you look at the prices for cold and hot mastics, you will notice that the prices for hot formulations are higher than for cold ones. This is due to the fact that the first one contains additional components. However, hot compositions are consumed more economically, which is more profitable in large volumes. Therefore, select material such as, depending on your goals.

In contact with

Their structures are treated with bitumen. Although this material in its pure form has certain disadvantages - the material is quite difficult to apply, and under the influence of external temperature changes, its protective film may crack. The composition of modern bituminous mastics contains substances that increase the hardness and durability of the waterproofing outer coating.

Below we will consider in more detail the technical and operational properties of bitumen, as well as what technology must be followed when applied to the surface of this material.

Mastic- very plastic material. It has high astringent and waterproofing properties. In the main composition of the material, in addition to bitumen, there are astringent organic substances and mineral additives.

• mastic "Hydroizol";
• bituminous roofing mastic Technomast (21);
• waterproofing mastic (24);
• water-based mastic (33);
• hot mastic "Eureka" (41);
• bitumen-rubber mastic (20);
• TechnoNIKOL (31);
• aluminum mastic (57);
• hot mastic "Izhora";
• bitumen-polymer cold mastic "Slavyanka".

Mastics from companies such as Remmers Elastoplast and Bitumast are also in good demand.

Calculation of the consumption of bituminous mastic

This indicator is usually indicated on the packaging. If the expense is not specified, then you can easily calculate it yourself, based on the following recommendations:

1. The mastic consumption will directly depend on the percentage of volatile solvents. This figure is in the range from 25 to 70%. With a higher indicator, the consumption of bituminous mastic will be several times less than with a lower indicator.
2. When calculating the consumption of mastic, you should take into account the consumption rates for performing various jobs.
3. When applying mastic on vertical surfaces, it is applied in several layers. Moreover, the second layer is applied only after the complete drying of the first layer.

Having considered the classification, we can say that there are two main ways of applying mastic: hot and cold. And cold bituminous mastic is applied manually and mechanically. Below we consider in more detail the methods of applying mastic:

1. The manual method uses large paint brushes with short and stiff bristles. Usually these are flute brushes. You can also use a short-haired seaming roller. When processing horizontal surfaces, the emulsion is carefully leveled with a doctor blade, and then rubbed with a roller or brush.
2. The mechanized method uses airless sprayer with a pressure of 150 bar.

For such work, only sprayers that mix the components inside the unit are suitable.

Below we consider the progress of work on waterproofing mastic bituminous roofing cold application:

1. According to the instructions, add the solvent to the mastic and mix well.
2. Before use, the roofing mastic must be warmed at room temperature for a day.
3. All debris must be removed from the surface to be treated.
4. Treat the entire base of the roof with a special bituminous primer.
5. Dry the entire area of ​​the roof.
6. Pour a small amount of mastic on the roof and smooth with a mop over the entire surface.

Before applying the mastic, it is necessary to carry out a test to determine the degree of humidity of the base.