What is alternative energy? The modern world offers ways to create free electricity. How to do it yourself?
In 1901, the famous, brilliant scientist Nikola Tesla designed the huge Wardenclyffe tower in New York. JP Morgan took over the financial part of the project. Tesla wanted to implement free radio communication and supply humanity with free electricity. Morgan just expected wireless international communications.
The idea of free electricity horrified the industrial and financial "Aces". There were no people who wanted revolutions in the world economy, everyone was holding on to superprofits. Therefore, the project was cancelled.
So what did Tesla build? How was he going to make free electricity? In the 21st century, the idea of alternative energy, powered by other sources, is gaining more and more support. The renewable resources of the Earth and other planets act here as a kind of opponent of oil, coal, gas.
Where can you get free electricity? Sunlight, wind energy, earth energy, the use of tides, the muscular energy of the human body can change the future of the planet. Pipelines and reactor sarcophagi will become a thing of the past. Many states will be able to free their economies from the need to purchase expensive sources of electricity.
Much attention is paid to the search for alternative energy sources that are easily renewable. In recent decades, mankind has been concerned about the problems of environmental cleanliness and resource efficiency.
Below are options for obtaining free electricity.
Wind power plant. Holland proposes to build a huge wind farm in the North Sea, and an artificial island equipped with the necessary equipment, which will take on the role of an energy hub, distributing electricity between 5 states.
Saudi Arabia has proposed to create turbines in the form of "kites" and place them in the air, not on the ground. Several countries have their own fields with wind turbines.
Solar power plant. There are roofs made of solar panels on the market, as well as photovoltaic glass panels that can be used to line the exterior walls of houses. American scientists have released solar panels in the form of transparent tiles that can be used to glaze windows to generate electricity for the home.
A lightning battery is an energy storage device from discharges in the atmosphere. Lightning is redirected to the power grid.
The TPU toroidal generator consists of 3 coils. The magnetic vortex and resonant frequencies are the cause of the current. S. Mark invented it.
Tidal power plants - work depends on the tides, the position of the Earth and the Moon.
Thermal power plant - high-temperature groundwater is used as a resource.
The power of human muscles - people also generate energy when moving, which can be used.
Thermonuclear fusion - the process can be controlled. Heavier nuclei are synthesized from lighter ones. The method is not used because it is very dangerous.
You can make free electricity with your own hands. There are many methods to build devices that generate energy. All it takes is a little knowledge and skill. For example:
Make a Peltier element - a plate, a thermoelectric converter. Heat is obtained from a burning source, cooling is provided by a heat exchanger. The components are made from different metals.
Build a generator that collects radio waves - paired capacitors, electrolytic, film, low power diodes. An insulated cable of 15 m is used as an antenna. The ground wire is attached to the gas, water pipe.
Design a thermoelectric generator - you will need a voltage stabilizer, a case, cooling radiators, thermal paste, Peltier heating plates.
Build a lightning battery - metal antenna and grounding. The potential accumulates between the elements of the device. The method is dangerous, as lightning is attracted, whose voltage reaches 2000 volts.
Galvanic method - copper and aluminum rods are inserted into the ground, to a depth of 0.5 m, the area between them is treated with saline.
Among the usual, you can find quite unusual ways to generate electricity. Recently, scientists around the world have been intensively working on the development of alternative energy. The world is looking for opportunities to use it more widely.
Just below is a small overview of the best ways and ideas:
Thermal generator - converts thermal energy into electrical energy. It is built in heating and cooking furnaces.
Piezoelectric generator - works on kinetic energy. They introduce dance floors, turnstiles, exercise machines.
Nanogenerator - the energy of vibrations of the human body during movement is used. The process is instantaneous. Scientists are working on combining the work of a nanogenerator and a solar battery.
Fuel-free Kapanadze generator - works on permanent magnets in the rotor and bi-flare coils in the stator. Power 1-10 kW. One of the inventions of N. Tesla was taken as a basis, but many do not believe in this principle. According to another version, the real technology of the device is kept a big secret.
Experimental installations that operate on the ether - an electromagnetic field. While searches are still going on, hypotheses are being tested, experiments are being carried out.
Scientists have calculated that natural reserves used in modern energy can last another 60 years. The best minds are engaged in developments in this area. In Denmark, the population uses wind energy, which is 25%.
In Russia, projects are planned for the use of renewable sources in the energy system by 10%, and in Australia by 8%. In Switzerland, the majority voted for a full transition to alternative energy. The world votes for!
Today, electricity in a country house is no longer a luxury: it is difficult to imagine a comfortable rest and effective care of the site without the appropriate equipment, so sooner or later you will have to think about energy supply.
Naturally, there are many nuances in this process, and therefore we strongly recommend that you read this article. Of course, we will not reveal all the subtleties, but you will get a general idea of the scale of the work ahead.
And if we are limited only to traditional technologies, then only two power supply schemes can be distinguished:
Let's consider both options in more detail.
Note! Unauthorized connection to power lines is an offense, and if such a fact is discovered, you will have to pay a considerable fine. It is also worth remembering that only professionals with the appropriate level of clearance should perform such work.
As a result, the optimal instruction will be as follows: if possible, we connect to the power line and use its power, but just in case, we install a generator with a small supply of fuel in the house or shed. If there is no possibility of connection, we simply buy a more efficient generator, and design the site's electrical network, taking into account the limitations on the performance of the installation.
However, modern technologies allow you to get electricity for free for giving. Under the "freebie" in this case there is complete or almost complete independence from energy prices. Of course, the alternative equipment itself needs to be purchased, and for quite a lot of money, but over time (from two to five years) it pays off, and then it works “in plus”.
Several of the most effective technologies can be identified, and we have summarized their features in a table:
Methodology | Power generation features |
Geothermal | At the site, we drill a well into which we immerse the probe with the coolant. Since the temperature is practically constant in the depth of the soil, when passing through the probe, the cooled coolant will take away part of the ground heat. The extracted energy can be used both for direct heating of the house and for electricity generation. |
Sunny | On the roof, either solar collectors made of glass tubes filled with coolant or solar panels are installed. As with geothermal installations, solar energy can not only heat the house, but also power an inverter to provide electricity. |
windmill | On the roof of the house or on a separate mast, we install a windmill connected to a generator. When the blades rotate, electricity is generated, which is stored in high-capacity batteries and can be used to solve a variety of problems. |
However, such free energy supply is quite capricious. There is no wind or the sun has gone behind the clouds for the whole day - and you will have to sit in the dark! That is why experts strongly recommend equipping such installations with capacious batteries, and keeping at least a small diesel generator as a backup power source.
If everything is more or less clear with the sources, we turn to the rules for arranging the power grid itself:
Advice! If you are often away, then it makes sense to arrange remote switching on of electricity in the country. To do this, we mount a special module with a GSM receiver in the shield, which activates the entire system by a signal from a mobile phone. It is especially convenient to use such a controlled unit in winter: the heaters will have time to warm up the air by your arrival.
Many electricians are interested in one very popular question - how to get a small amount of electricity autonomously and for free. Very often, for example, when going out into nature or hiking, there is a catastrophic lack of an outlet to recharge the phone or turn on the lamp. In this case, a self-made thermoelectric module assembled on the basis of a Peltier element will help you. With the help of such a device, you can generate a current with a voltage of up to 5 volts, which is quite enough to charge the device and connect the lamp in an emergency. Next, we will tell you how to make a thermoelectric generator with your own hands, providing a simple master class in pictures and with video examples!
So that in the future you understand why certain spare parts are needed when assembling a home-made thermoelectric generator, we will first talk about the design of the Peltier element and how it works. This module consists of semiconductors connected in series - pn junctions, located between ceramic plates, as shown in the picture below.
When an electric current passes through such a circuit, the so-called Peltier effect occurs - one side of the module heats up, and the other side cools down. Why do we need it? Everything is very simple, this effect also works in the opposite direction: if you heat one side of the plate and cool the other, you can get electricity of low voltage and current. The great advantage of this method is that you can use any source of heat, be it a fire, or a hot mug of boiling water, a cooling stove, and so on. For cooling, you can use air or for more powerful options - ordinary water, which is sure to be found even in a hike. Next, we turn to master classes that will clearly show what and how to make a thermoelectric generator with your own hands.
We have a very detailed and at the same time simple instructions for assembling a homemade power generator based on a mini-oven and a Peltier element. It will be useful to every traveler on a hike. To get started, you need to prepare the following materials:
Having prepared all the materials, you can proceed to the manufacture of the device with your own hands. So, to make it clearer to you how to make a generator yourself, we provide a step-by-step master class with pictures and a detailed explanation:
The thermoelectric generator works as follows: you pour firewood, small chips into the oven, set fire to them and wait a few minutes until one of the sides of the thermoelement heats up. In parallel, you can boil water on the grate. To recharge the phone, it is necessary that the difference between the temperatures of different sides be about 100 ° C. If the cooling part (radiator) heats up, it will need to be cooled - carefully poured with water, put a mug of liquid, ice, etc. on it. It is better to mount the radiator so that its fins are vertical, this improves the heat transfer to the air.
And here is a video that clearly shows how a homemade wood-fired electric generator works:
Generating electricity from fire
You can also install a fan from the computer on the cold side of the device, which will slightly change its design. Let's look at this option in more detail:
In this case, the cooler will consume a small fraction of the power of the generator set, but in the end the system will work with higher efficiency. In addition to telephone charging, the Peltier module can be used as a source of electricity for a flashlight, which is an equally useful option for using a generator. Another feature of this design is the ability to adjust the height above the fire. For this, the author uses a part from a CD-ROM (one of the photos clearly shows how you can make the design yourself).
If you make a thermoelectric generator with your own hands using this method, you can have up to 8 volts of voltage at the output, so to recharge the phone, you need to connect a step-down converter that will make a stable 5 V at the output.
For many years, scientists have been looking for the perfect alternative source of electricity that would allow electricity to be generated from renewable resources. Tesla was thinking about how to get static electricity from the air in the 19th century, and now scientists have come to the conclusion that yes, this is quite real.
Alternative electricity can be extracted from the air in two ways:
As you know, the electric potential tends to accumulate over a certain time. Now the atmosphere is riddled with various waves produced by electrical installations, devices, the natural field of the Earth. This allows us to say that electricity from atmospheric air can be obtained with your own hands, even without any special devices and circuits, but we will talk about the features of current production for this option below.
Photo - lightning batteryWind turbines are a well-known source of alternative energy. They work by converting wind power into current. A wind generator is a device that can operate for a long time and accumulate wind energy. This option is widely used in various countries: the Netherlands, Russia, USA. But, one wind turbine can provide a limited number of electrical appliances, so entire fields of wind turbines are installed to power cities or factories. There are both advantages and disadvantages to using this method. In particular, the wind is a fickle variable, so voltage levels and electricity buildup cannot be predicted. At the same time, it is a renewable source, the work of which does not harm the environment at all.
Video: creating electricity from thin air
The simplest circuit diagram does not include any additional storage devices and converters. Basically, all you need is a metal antenna and ground. An electric potential is established between these conductors. It accumulates over time, so it is a variable value and it is almost impossible to calculate its strength. Such a current-producing device works on the principle of lightning - after a certain period of time, a current discharge occurs (when the potential has reached its maximum). Thus, it is possible to extract from the earth and air a sufficiently large amount of useful electricity, which will be sufficient for the operation of an electrical installation. Its design is described in detail in the work: "Secrets of the free energy of cold electricity."
The scheme has its dignity:
disadvantages:
From this point of view, free electricity produced by wind turbines is safer. But nevertheless, now you can even buy such a device (for example, Chizhevsky's ionizer-chandelier).
But there is another version of the working circuit - this is a TPU generator of electricity from the air from Stephen Mark. This device allows you to get a certain amount of electricity to power various consumers, and it does this without any external recharge. The technology is patented and many scientists have already repeated the experience of Stephen Mark, but due to some features of the circuit, it has not yet been put into use.
The principle of operation is simple: a resonance of currents and magnetic vortices are created in the generator ring, they contribute to the appearance of current shocks in metal taps. Let's take a look at how to make a toroidal generator to get electricity from the air:
On this design can be considered complete. Now you need to connect the conclusions. First you need to install a 10 microfarad capacitor between the return ground and ground terminals. To power the circuit, high-speed transistors and multivibrators are used. They are selected empirically, since their characteristics depend on the size of the base, types of wire and some other design features. To control the circuit, you can use the standard power button (ON - OFF). For more information, we recommend watching a video on the Stephen Mark generator in Xvid or TVrip quality.
No less sensational discovery was the Kapanadze generator. This fuelless energy source was presented in Georgia and is now being tested. The generator allows you to extract electricity from the air without the use of third-party resources.
At the heart of its work is the Tesla coil, which is located in a special case that accumulates electricity. There is a video from the conference and experiments in the public domain, but there are no documents really confirming the existence of this invention. The scheme has not been released.
Generating your own electricity is the best thing you can do in the fight for energy independence. You can use this electricity to open a gate or garage, turn on outdoor lights, sell to the grid and reduce your costs, charge your car, or even completely disconnect from the public network. This article describes some great ideas on how to achieve this.
Part 1
solar energyLearn about solar panels. Solar panels are a common solution with many benefits. They operate in many parts of the world and the modular option can be expanded to suit your needs. There are many well-researched products out there.
Start small. Buy one or two solar panels to get started. They can be installed in stages, so you don't have to spend huge sums right from the start. Most roof systems are expandable - you should pay attention to this when purchasing. Buy a system that can grow with your needs.
Understand the maintenance of your system. Like everything else, if you don't take care of it, it will fall apart. Decide how long it should last. A small saving now can cost you a lot more in the future. Invest in taking care of your system and it will take care of you.
Select system type. Decide whether you want a stand-alone power generation solution or a solution that can be connected to a distribution system. Stand-alone systems have no equal in autonomy, you know the source of every watt used. Grid-able systems give you stability and redundancy, as well as the ability to resell electricity to a supply company. If your system is connected to a public grid, and you monitor energy consumption as if you had an autonomous system, then you can even earn a little extra income.
Part 2
Use of alternative systemsLearn about wind turbines. This is also a great solution for many areas. Sometimes it can even be more cost effective than solar power.
Explore hydroelectric mini-generators. There are various kinds of technical solutions from a homemade propeller connected to a car generator to intricate engineering systems of high reliability. If you have access to water, this can be an efficient and standalone solution.
Try a combined system. You can always combine any of these systems to provide energy all year round and in sufficient quantities for your home.
Consider a standalone generator. If there is no distribution network, or if you want a backup source in case of a power outage/disaster, a generator may come in handy. They can run on different types of fuel and are available in different sizes and capacities.
Avoid heat generators. Thermal power generators (TEGs) or combined generators that produce electricity from heat - usually steam - are old-fashioned and inefficient. Even though they have a lot of fans, you should refrain from using them.
Part 3
Making the right choiceGo shopping. Many manufacturers offer different products and services in the clean electricity market, and some of their solutions suit you better than others.
Explore. If you are interested in a particular item, do a price comparison before talking to the supplier.
Ask a professional for advice. Find someone you trust to help you make your decision. There are suppliers who are interested in your project, and there are those who are not. Search the Internet for a community of home crafters or similar to get advice that comes from someone who is not going to sell you anything.
Find out about benefits. Be sure to inquire about local, state, and federal benefit programs when you make your purchases. There are many programs that can subsidize your installation costs or provide you with tax credits for switching to green electricity.
You need qualified help. Not every contractor or worker is qualified to install such systems. Work only with experienced suppliers and installers who are authorized to work on your equipment.
Part 4
Getting ready for the worstFind out about insurance coverage for larger properties. Your current homeownership policy may not cover the destruction of your system in a disaster, which can be very disappointing.
Meet an alternative energy system maintenance specialist. If you have already undertaken this, do not hesitate to ask for help.
Plan for a backup power source. Natural sources that use autonomous energy systems are not always reliable. The sun does not always shine, just as the wind does not always blow, water does not always flow either.
Learn about electricity storage. A common solution for off-grid storage of electricity is deep charge lead-acid batteries. Each type of battery needs different charge cycles, so make sure your charge controller can handle your type of battery and is properly configured for this.
Part 5
Selection and use of batteriesUse batteries of the same type. Batteries should not be mixed with each other and usually new batteries do not work very well when mixed with older ones.
Calculate how many batteries you will need. Their capacity is calculated in ampere-hours. For a rough calculation of kilowatt-hours, multiply amp-hours by the number of volts (12 or 24 volts) and divide by 1000. To get ampere-hours from kilowatt-hours, simply multiply by 1000 and divide by 12. If your daily consumption is 1 kilowatt- per hour you will need about 83 amps of 12 volt storage capacity, but you will need 5 times the amount calculated (assuming you don't want to drain the batteries more than 20%) or about 400 amp-hours to get the required power.
Select battery type. There are many types of batteries and it is very important to choose the most suitable one. Understanding what works for you and what doesn't is very important for supplying your home with electricity.
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