How can you build a country house. Which house is cheaper to build in the current economic conditions? Video on how to build a house from foam blocks

As you know, the comfort of staying in a suburban area largely depends on how cozy and comfortable the house will be. Often the question arises, which house is better to build in the country, so that the cost of the project is democratic, and the result obtained is as good as possible. We will consider several basic options, but we will dwell in detail on the version of the frame house, since it is easiest to build it with your own hands.

The main types of country houses

To decide which option is best for you, you should consider the features of each of them:

Features of building a house using frame technology

Consider how to build an inexpensive country house with your own hands.

It is very important to prepare well for the work, the following activities can be attributed to this stage:

• To begin with, a specific project is selected to clearly represent the scope of work and the required amount of materials.
• Further, all required materials are purchased, while you should purchase everything with a small margin, since the actual consumption most often exceeds the planned one.
• Another important issue is the acquisition of all the necessary tools.: from shovels and hammers to concrete mixers and chainsaws. If there is no electricity on the site, then renting a diesel generator for a summer residence will help solve the problem.

Foundation

Without a doubt, a very important part of the work, since the strength and durability of the entire structure directly depends on the foundation, any subsidence leads to cracks and even the destruction of walls and ceilings.

You can build one of the following options:

• Pillar foundation.
• Tape base.
• Slab foundation.

Each of these options has its pros and cons, we will consider the tape type of the base:

• First of all, a trench is dug, the depth and width of which depends on the type of soil and the weight of the future structure. Usually the width is 30-40 centimeters.
• It is better to pour a gravel pillow at the bottom, which will also carry a drainage function, the walls of the pit should be even and not crumble.
• Formwork is placed on top, but if the outer part of the base is laid out from dembler blocks, then the formwork can be minimal, the main thing is that the level of the foundation is even, this will facilitate masonry work later.
• After the foundation has solidified (at least a week should pass), you can proceed to further work. The upper end of the foundation is closed with glass isol or two layers of roofing material, this will prevent the penetration of moisture into the building through the capillaries in the concrete.

Advice!
Do not forget about the ventilation holes in, the entire space must be ventilated, otherwise mold will begin to form on the structures over time.

Basement

Consideration of the question of how to build a country house continues with such a stage as the installation of the basement, this stage of work is carried out as follows:

• For the overlapping device, a beam with a section of at least 100x150 mm is used, and more can be, it all depends on the design features.
• The elements are interconnected either with threaded studs or special screws with a diameter of 10-12 mm and a length of 25-30 cm.

Advice!
Along the bottom edge of the strapping, you can attach a subfloor in any convenient way and lay foam or mineral wool on it, so you can.

Walls

We are considering how to build a country house ourselves, but in fact, you can’t do without a few helpers, especially at the stage of installing the frame of future walls, because you need to hold each element and carefully adjust its position before fastening.

The work is carried out as follows:

• Fastening elements is best done using modern fasteners: corners of perforated tapes, brackets and mounting plates. In addition to convenience and high speed of work, these elements guarantee the reliability of all connections, the main thing is to choose the right fasteners.
• Racks are set to the width of the insulation, so you simplify further work. Particular attention should be paid to the perfectly precise position of the corner elements.
• From below, the elements are attached to the harness, another beam is laid on top and the system is fastened, and crossbars are also used to increase strength.
• Next, you should take care of strengthening the structure, most often this is achieved using struts and braces. With their help, rigidity increases significantly.

truss system

Another important stage at which the future roof is being built, the following work is carried out within this stage:

• First of all, a detailed system design is drawn up so that you can imagine what work will have to be done.

• Based on the scheme, materials and fasteners are purchased, boards can be used for small roofs, and timber for more massive ones.
• The assembly is carried out carefully, each element is carefully fastened, at the end the whole system is interconnected.

Sheathing and roofing

Outside, the walls are sheathed as follows:

• A board 25mm thick can be used and is best fixed at a 45 degree angle for best strength.
• You can also use a simpler option - moisture resistant plates, so the work will be carried out much faster.
• For laying the roof, a lathing device will be required, while its type depends on which coating will be used. For slate and ondulin, a crate is required, and for a soft roof, metal tiles and other similar options, a solid flooring made of moisture-resistant materials.

• Mounting is carried out in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions, usually this process is simple.

Inner lining

Lastly, a heater is laid, which is closed with a vapor barrier material.

Sheathing can be different:

• You can use wooden lining or decorative panels of various types.
• Another option is to attach moisture-resistant drywall or other durable materials that can later be puttied and painted or finished in any other way.

We hope you have decided which house to build in the country, and what technologies to use. This is only a brief plan of work, since the description of any of the stages will take an entire article (all works are described separately in other articles on the portal).

Conclusion

A house in the country should be not only attractive from the outside, but also practical from the inside. Therefore, do not be lazy and find a really high-quality and thoughtful project. The video in this article will clearly show the features of some work.

The first and main issue to be resolved before the start of construction of a country house is the choice of material.

Not only the comfort of living, but also the level of energy saving depends on the correctness of his decision. Let us consider in more detail what materials are offered on the market today and how each of them fits into the universal formula "price-environmental-friendliness-energy saving".

Brick house (brick, ceramic blocks)

There are two advantages of such a building - durability and environmental friendliness. Indeed, in terms of its bearing capacity, a brick wall is not much inferior to a concrete one. At the same time, it does not contain crushed granite, which gives a radiation background in buildings with a monolithic reinforced concrete frame and floor panels. However, in terms of energy saving, walls built entirely of solid clay or silicate bricks are seriously inferior to other materials.

In order to meet the modern rigid framework of energy efficiency, the thickness of a brick wall must be at least 120 cm. It is clear that there is no point in building such a powerful "bunker". Therefore, nowadays brick is losing its primacy and is most often used as a decorative exterior cladding.

Attempts to improve the energy-saving qualities of bricks have been going on for a long time. To do this, voids of various shapes (point or slot) are made in it. Such a modification gives a small increase in the energy efficiency of the wall structure, but does not fundamentally solve the issue. If we add to this the laboriousness of building walls from small-sized standard clay bricks, it becomes clear that he needs to look for a replacement.

A good solution to the question of what is better to build a house from is to buy, produced under various brands (Porotherm, Kerakam, Poroton, etc.)

This large-sized material (250x250x140 mm, 380x250x219mm, 510x250x219mm) replaces 4 to 14 standard bricks (250x120x65mm). Thanks to this, the laying process becomes faster and easier.

The thermal conductivity coefficient of such walls is 0.21 W / m ° C, which is almost 3 times less than that of ordinary bricks. In terms of strength, the ceramic block is also not inferior to it (100 kg / cm2) and at the same time it has good frost resistance (up to 50 freeze-thaw cycles) and vapor permeability.

The only drawback of porous ceramic blocks in the recent past was their high cost (more than 4,000 rubles per 1 m3). In 2016, the average price for this material decreased and ranged from 3,500 rubles per cubic meter.

House from building blocks

Large-sized building blocks seriously pressed the standard clay brick. And the point here is not only that their installation requires less time and effort. Affordable price is an important factor determining the choice of a developer. Since the list of building blocks produced today is quite extensive, we will talk separately about each type.

Foam and gas blocks

These materials today enjoy deserved popularity in low-rise construction. The fundamental difference between foam and gas blocks lies in the manufacturing technology and internal structure.

Aerated concrete is obtained by introducing a powder blowing agent into a mixture of cement, sand, lime and water, which creates a network of small through channels inside the material. A foaming agent is added to the raw material for foam concrete, which creates closed pores filled with air inside the block. This also significantly reduces the weight of the unit and increases its energy-saving characteristics.

Open channels serve as good conductors of moisture, so gas blocks need to be protected from getting wet. The foam block is more profitable in this regard, since it absorbs less water. The thermal conductivity and frost resistance of these materials are almost the same.

Density is in the range from 300 to 1200 kg/m3, which allows the developer to accurately select the block for their needs. Manufacturers produce heat-insulating (density from 300 to 500 kg / m3), structural and heat-insulating (500-900 kg / m3) and structural (1000-1200 kg / m3) blocks in several thicknesses - 10, 15, 20 and 30 cm.

This allows you to make the wall warm without additional costs for laying insulation and its protection. To do this, it is necessary to lay a thinner heat-insulating block (15 cm) in the outer row of masonry, and make the inner layer of denser structural and heat-insulating blocks 30 cm thick.

Thanks to the ideal geometry, a do-it-yourself block house without the involvement of professional masons is built quickly and requires minimal finishing in the form of putty or decorative plaster.

The cost of these materials starts from 3000 rubles. for 1 m3. In their reviews, the owners of houses made of lightweight cellular blocks highlight the low cost of construction and minimal heating costs.

Expanded clay blocks

Without abandoning the use of solid bricks, builders invented in the last century. This composite material consists of expanded clay gravel (pellets of burnt and porous clay) and a cement mortar that holds them together.

The material turned out to be quite warm (density from 500 kg / m3) and very durable (you can build houses up to 3 floors high).

For the price, the expanded clay concrete block looks attractive (from 2900 rubles / m3). The environmental friendliness of this building material also deserves attention. The absence of synthetic and polymer additives, good vapor transmission allow it to be fully used in housing construction.

Shell rock blocks

In the era of cheap cargo transportation, the shell rock was a serious competitor to the expanded clay block. This "free" material, which had only to be cut out of the marine sedimentary massif and loaded into wagons, has become "biting" today.

Judge for yourself, the price per cube with delivery to the central regions of Russia reaches 5,000 rubles. Coupled with the fragility and poor geometry of the stone, the developer can only rely on its excellent environmental friendliness.

Arbolite blocks

The main components of this material are wood chips and sawdust (4:1 ratio). They not only make the block warm and light, but also reinforce it, increasing its strength and crack resistance.

The binder, as in the case of expanded clay blocks, here is the cement mortar. The density is in the range from 500 to 850 kg/m3. From it you can build low-rise buildings without using a reinforced belt. This material is sufficiently elastic, therefore, without the formation of cracks, it can withstand the load from floor slabs. The breathability of wood concrete blocks is high and quite comparable with wood.

Its low density speaks eloquently about the good heat and sound insulating qualities of wood concrete. Impregnation with cement makes wood chips durable and resistant to decay. Finishing the walls of wood concrete does not require the use of a reinforced mesh, since the rough surface of the material perfectly holds the plaster. The price of wood concrete blocks starts at an average of 4,000 rubles per 1 m3.

Teplosten blocks

The developer's dream of a masonry material, which simultaneously contains a load-bearing part, insulation and exterior finish, has found its embodiment in Teplosten blocks.

By design, it is a three-layer "sandwich". Its outer and inner layers are made of expanded clay concrete, and inside there is foam. Dissimilar materials in the contact zone protect the fiberglass rods installed inside the block from delamination.

On the outer face of the three-layer block, we see a textured pattern. Having built a new house from this material, the owner can only paint the walls in the desired color, without resorting to expensive decorative plaster.

Appearance of the Teplosten block

The main disadvantage of Teplosten blocks is obvious. This is a foam plastic enclosed between layers of expanded clay concrete. It does not allow water vapor to pass through, so without forced ventilation the house will be damp. Manufacturers solve this problem by releasing special blocks in which there is a vent with a grate.

If the owner of the future house from Teplosten blocks does not take care of the ventilation problem in time, then the foam plastic can give him another unpleasant surprise. Consider the physics of the process of diffusion of water vapor through a wall. Having met an insurmountable obstacle in the form of foam plastic on its way, water vapor will condense in the inner layer of expanded clay. This will lead to wetting of the walls with all the ensuing uncomfortable consequences for living.

The cost of Teplosten blocks starts from 7,000 rubles/m3. Despite the rather solid price, let's not forget that such a wall does not require insulation and rough finishing.

cinder blocks

They were produced in the 80s of the last century as an inexpensive alternative to scarce bricks. Today, cinder blocks are rarely used in residential construction. The large weight and high thermal conductivity of cinder block walls require insulation with mineral or ecowool slabs (10-15 cm) and high-quality finishes.

The cost of cinder blocks offered today to private developers is low and ranges from 2300 to 3000 rubles per 1 m3.

Houses made of logs, timber, wooden frame

At the same time, you should know that a warm enough house for permanent residence can only be built from a log with a diameter of at least 40 centimeters. Today, the standard thickness of the log walls is from 24 to 32 cm, which does not meet the requirements of thermal engineering standards. Therefore, in order not to spend significant amounts on heating, a wooden frame must be additionally insulated.

The cost of 1 m3 of rounded logs prepared for laying in 2016 is from 7,000 to 10,000 rubles. The cost of dry profiled timber is even higher and starts from 10,000 rubles per cubic meter.

For glued profiled timber, which gives minimal shrinkage and is practically not subject to warping, sellers ask from 22 to 26 thousand rubles. Forecasts of market specialists indicate that in 2017 a price jump for this material is not expected.

Finishing a brief review of materials for the construction of wooden houses, a few words should be said about the frame technology.

It is difficult to call it high-speed, since the degree of factory readiness here is practically “zero”. At the facility, builders assemble a frame from individual beams and boards, spending no less time on this than masons laying blocks. But in terms of reliability and durability, a house built using frame technology is not much inferior to capital structures made of wood.

There are no problems with energy saving in such housing either. The customer can choose any thickness of insulation, without spending money on external insulation and finishing, as in the case of block or log construction.

Since no one regards the frame in cubes, then we will have to compare the cost of 1m2 of a frame wall with the cost of a log and timber wall.

The main elements of the frame - racks, board, mineral wool, vapor barrier, wooden blockhouse or DSP slab (outside), drywall or lining (inside) are considered quickly and simply, amounting to a total of 1,200 rubles / m2.

At the same time, the cheapest wall made of logs with a thickness of 32 cm will cost you 2,500 rubles per 1 m2. Do not forget that it will still have to be insulated, spending from 250 to 300 rubles. Thus, at the price of materials, the “framework” noticeably outperforms the log house.

With the same heat-insulating ability, the wooden wall of a frame house turns out to be cheaper than a block one (a frame with 150 mm mineral wool versus 40 cm thick aerated concrete blocks + 5 cm mineral wool).

SIP panel house

This material cannot be called optimal in terms of environmental friendliness, although manufacturers of such buildings are trying to prove the opposite.

The main advantage is the high speed of construction. It is difficult to categorize these designs as cheap.

The cost of 1 m2 of a sandwich plate, depending on the thickness of the insulation (10,15,20 cm), ranges from 900 to 1500 rubles. For comparison, the cost of 1 m2 of a gas block wall 40 cm thick is about 1200 rubles.

LSTK (light steel structures)

The undivided dominance of drywall technology has prompted engineers to create a more durable analogue for assembling the frame of low-rise buildings. So a new technology was born. It was based on light steel structures (LSTS).

The assembly of buildings from a steel profile is similar to the installation of wooden "frames". At the same time, LSTC houses surpass them in terms of durability, biostability and fire safety. The speed of construction of such housing is lower than when using SIP panels, but higher than that of block and log construction.

The high cost of the metal is the main drawback of the LSTK technology. The average cost of materials for the construction of 1 m2 of a metal profile wall is about 2,400 rubles.

concrete panels

Large-sized expanded clay panels are rarely used these days. The main reason for the low demand is the minimum choice of sizes and layout solutions.

Expanded clay concrete wall panel

However, one can quickly build a new house from them compared to using bricks, timber or cellular blocks (the price of 1m2 of a 34 cm thick panel does not exceed 1,300 rubles). To this price you need to add the cost of insulation (150-200 rubles per 1m2). Without it, the wall will not meet modern thermal standards.

Summing up our review, we will give brief practical recommendations.

1. Among the most popular budget options for low-rise construction are gas and foam blocks, expanded clay concrete blocks and a wooden frame.

Ceramic blocks, which were included in the category of expensive materials, have fallen in price in most regions of Russia today. Therefore, we will also rank them in the category of budget solutions for private construction. Excellent heat-insulating qualities, impeccable environmental friendliness, a large selection of standard sizes - all these positive qualities of ceramic blocks deserve your attention.

2. Arbolite blocks occupy a higher price step. The house from them turns out warm and durable. It creates a comfortable microclimate and comfortable acoustics. The disadvantages of wood concrete should include the dependence of quality on the production capabilities of a particular manufacturer. Not all companies producing this material use high-quality wood chips, adding a large amount of sawdust and substandard woodworking waste to the feedstock.

3. Blocks Teplosten and LSTK at first glance cause sympathy. Houses from them are built quickly and not expensively. At the same time, many developers have reasonable doubts about their reliability and environmental friendliness, which does not have the best effect on the popularity of these materials.

4. Installation of a house from SIP panels can rightfully be called the fastest and most budget option. It is difficult to attribute these designs to the category of popular solutions, since there are serious doubts about their environmental friendliness and reliability.

5. A log and profiled timber, as a first approximation, look quite budgetary. However, here you need to take into account the additional costs of insulation and regular antiseptic treatment of walls. In addition, the quality of log cabins strongly depends on the quality of the material used and the qualifications of the installers. The main advantages of round logs and profiled timber are environmental friendliness and aesthetics.

6. Glued laminated timber is an elite building material. Beautiful and environmentally friendly houses are being built from it, which cannot be classified as budget houses. The lack of shrinkage and high assembly speed please developers who have chosen this option.

Concluding our review, we note that when looking for the best option for building a new house, you need to:

• Find out the availability and price of the material you like in your region.
• Study the reviews of the owners of houses built from it.
• Get as much information as possible about suppliers, manufacturers and contractors offering construction services from the material you are about to buy.
• Visit construction exhibitions in your region, production workshops and facilities under construction. Here you will receive valuable and objective first-hand information.

In this article, we will understand which materials for building a house are best for various purposes.

Today, many people dream of a big, beautiful and comfortable home. But before you make a decision and start building a building, you need to think carefully about the purpose for which the construction of the house is planned. One format is suitable for a seasonal building, the second for permanent residence. After planning, you should think about the material, because safety and convenience depend on quality material.

On the modern market there are various materials that have certain properties. Usually the most important selection criteria are:

• strength, reliability of raw materials;
• the ability to isolate noise;
• preservation, isolation of heat;
• frost resistance;
• moisture impermeability.

Of course, before construction, all the parameters indicated above should be taken into account, especially if the building is individual. But still, the most important point is strength, as it forms the structure of the building and affects its functionality.

Materials for construction are divided into several categories:

• stone and brick;
• ceramic;
• concrete;
• wooden (from a log and a bar).

Buildings made of stone and brick

Structures made of stone and brick are distinguished by their massiveness. They are not afraid of the elements, while they have a stylish appearance. However, these durable materials are expensive.

The characteristics of a house built of stone or brick are not inferior to concrete.

Brick and stone structures are suitable for both small country houses and multi-storey buildings. Their main advantage is resistance to fire, moisture, and also such a building will not settle over time.

The disadvantage of brick and stone houses is low energy conservation. In order to build warm housing from this material, it is necessary to lay out walls 120 cm thick. Therefore, today brick and stone houses are losing their popularity, and raw materials are used for cladding.

Another significant disadvantage is high cost of material. Those who want to build a stone or brick house for themselves should calculate their finances and plan everything in advance before proceeding with the implementation of the plan.

Ceramic structures (ceramic blocks)

Bricks and ceramics are made using the same technology from clay. The difference is the savings on the construction of the building, because the ceramic blocks are larger in size, they need less, in addition, the protrusions at the ends suggest connecting the blocks to each other without a mixture. It is only needed to fix the horizontal rows to each other.

concrete materials

To date, brick is no longer as popular as it used to be, it has given way to a modern concrete block.

The advantages of this material are its affordable cost and speed of construction. One concrete block can replace several bricks. You can build a house from a gas block, foam block, cinder block, shell rock, wood concrete, expanded clay concrete. All of them are similar in characteristics, most subspecies practically do not need complex finishing, but the disadvantage is that concrete materials are brittle, have high water permeability, and there are chemical elements in the composition of the material.

Wooden houses

Wooden houses are built from logs and beams. They have a low load on the foundation, as a result of which it will not settle over time, moreover, this is a good savings at the initial stage of construction. An important advantage is that, using wooden materials, you can build a house, regardless of weather conditions or seasons.

Timber buildings are a profitable option for those who want to become the owner of a neat individual building. Its cross section is both rectangular and square, with a smooth, even side. For such houses, shrinkage is minimized as much as possible, and the production of log cabins occurs without the use of special equipment. The tree is aesthetic, does not require finishing, therefore it is an economical option.

Positive aspects of using wooden beams:

• eco-friendly material;
• fast building;
• good sound insulation, thermal conductivity;
• design safety;
• installation regardless of weather conditions and temperature;
• does without expensive foundation and finishing;
• pleasant smell of wood.

Disadvantages of timber houses:

• requires additional processing from insects, prevention from rot and cracks;
• easily catches fire, it is necessary to use fire-fighting means;
• long idle time of the foundation;
• well passes cold and water, so the cost of heat is inevitable.

Log buildings are traditional, well studied and quite attractive. You can build a small house or a huge, comfortable cottage. Such structures are natural and environmentally friendly, in addition, they do a good job with the natural ventilation of the space. Just like log buildings, log buildings do not need a massive foundation.

Advantages of log houses:

• natural raw materials;
• strong, safe and beautiful design;
• warms up quickly, reducing the cost of heating;
• available material;
• short construction time.

Cons of log houses:

• tendency to decay, attacks of insects;
• easy tanning in a matter of seconds;
• the foundation should be defended for about a year;
• the design warms up quickly, but does not hold heat, it is necessary to insulate.

What is better to build a house for permanent residence (permanent residence)?

A classic for suburban housing construction is baked clay brick and has good wear resistance, strength, durability. The material is considered environmentally friendly, not afraid of high and low temperatures, resistant to all weather conditions. They are massive, but require insulation.

There are several times more positive aspects in such material than negative ones, so a brick house is considered the most successful option for permanent residence. He and the fire is not so terrible, and will last much longer than concrete and, especially, wood.

What materials are suitable for a summer house in the country?

Traditionally, summer cottages are built of wood. Log buildings or houses made of glued laminated timber- any of these options will be successful for a comfortable summer. Such constructions are environmentally friendly and safe, they ventilate the premises well, and besides, they have a pleasant smell.

Wooden cottages are especially appreciated, which can be easily built on an individual order. Such a house needs processing and care, but its availability, reliability and comfort are important advantages when choosing a summer house for a summer residence.

What is better to build a house in the Urals or in Siberia?

Such cold corners of Russia as Siberia or the Urals need warm houses. It is important to choose the material that will warm up quickly and not lose heat. Of course, in such regions, the house will still have to be well insulated, but if initially the raw materials are already “warm”, the owner of the building will save on cladding. The ideal option would be a concrete building, namely with cells.

Initially, porous concrete was used for insulation, and a little later, whole houses began to be built from it, which were distinguished by excellent heat retention. In addition, the construction of a fire-resistant building will take a little time. After construction, for more insulation, the house should be plastered, covered with panels.

What is suitable for the warm corners of Russia (house by the sea)?

A house by the sea is the dream of many romantics. Mostly, such buildings are made of stone. The increased humidity of the coast will quickly destroy the wooden structure. Still fit ceramic blocks who are also not afraid of water.

There is no need to build a house right on the beach, because a lot of money will be spent on the foundation for a house on the sand, very close to the coastline. It is better to start construction work at least 200 meters from the beach. In addition, a thunderstorm is a frequent occurrence near the sea. A wise decision would be to get a lightning rod and eliminate a large number of metal structures in the building.

What materials are cheaper to build a house from?

Nowadays, many people want to run away from the city and build their own house, but there may not be enough money for a massive structure. The current great financial difficulties do not leave the possibility of a big flight of fancy, so you have to choose from cheap materials, given that the house must be reliable and safe.

The cheapest houses are made from concrete and wood. Aerated concrete is refractory, does not rot, it needs a simple foundation, it is also warm and needs light processing. But when laying the material, it is necessary to adhere to a certain technology. While wooden houses are easy to build without certain nuances, they are prone to rotting, burning, and the foundation should stand for about a year.

The choice between these two cheapest materials depends specifically on the future home owner.

Country house - photo

How to almost single-handedly renovate a 23 m² garage or mini-house and turn it into a decent home.

Dream house in the suburbs - We are going to visit: a house of 320 m² for a large family with an English bar, a swimming pool and pandas.

We visited a charming house that mixed a lot of styles. Loft style kitchen, Provence bathroom and English style bedroom.

This house is proof that you can create a beautiful interior without going to a designer. Do-it-yourself design - what is it?

The pleasure of owning your own suburban area is tripled if there is a country house on it. Indeed, in this case, you can not be limited only to seasonal work and cooking barbecue in nature in the warm season. Today, the construction of cottages is gaining momentum. Moreover, “dacha construction” houses are built from a variety of materials: from stone to frames made of timber and panels made of chipboard and fiberboard. And in our material we will consider how to build a country house with our own hands and at the same time perform all the work with maximum productivity and economic benefits.

Choosing a building material

The construction of dachas is a task no less important than the construction of a residential capital house. Indeed, the durability of the building will also depend on how well the installation will be performed (even if it is a frame technology). Consider some types of materials that are most often used for the installation of country houses, and we will understand what is better to build a temporary hut in the country:

• Beam. An excellent material for those who do not know what to build a country house from. Moreover, you can use both the cheapest option - planed lumber, and the more expensive one - profiled or glued. A house made of timber will have an attractive appearance, as well as create an optimal microclimate indoors.
• Brick or any blocks. A house made of such materials will be more solid, but its cost will not be justified if it is planned to use the building only seasonally. Although brick (or blocks) have no worse thermal conductivity than timber. Stone dacha construction will be reliable and strong.
• Frames and shields. Your own house built using this technology is considered the most acceptable option for a budget and seasonal building. And if the house is also additionally insulated, then in such a building it will be possible to spend the night in the winter. It is on the example of frame-panel technology that we will analyze how to build a cottage with our own hands. And for clarity, we will attach photos and videos.

A few rules for quality construction

In order to facilitate the construction of a country house did not subsequently bring unpleasant surprises, it is necessary to follow some requirements and recommendations regarding the installation of the house. So, we build a cottage with our own hands, taking into account the following rules / recommendations:

• First of all, we design a building for a summer residence, the construction of which was started. For a seasonal house that will not be used all year round, the optimal parameters are 6x4 m or 6x6 m. A larger cottage will already be a capital building, which will require more investment and effort.
• In garden partnerships, you can mount a house with your own hands only by stepping back 3 meters from the neighbor's fence or from the borders of the neighbor's plot.
• From the frontal fence deep into the site, you need to build a house at least 5 meters.
• All wooden buildings (including frame buildings) should be located at a distance of 15 meters from each other. That is, if a neighbor on the site also has a wooden house, then you need to remove your building as much as possible for fire safety purposes.

Important: for a country house with your own hands, it is better to choose the highest point on the site. Thus, melt and rainwater will not cause trouble for the new summer house we are building. But if the site is very small, and you want to build a good house, then in this case they prefer a two-story house with bedrooms located in the upper part. On the ground floor, a kitchen and a living room are mounted.

To simplify the construction process as much as possible, we recommend building a one-story cottage in the country with a gable roof and a small veranda. And below is a step-by-step instruction for performing the work.

Tip: if there is absolutely no desire to mess with construction, then a novice master can simply order a ready-made modular house, which is simply assembled already on the site on a prepared foundation.

Building a cottage: installation steps

For those who do not know how to build a cottage, our step-by-step instructions with a detailed description of all points will be useful. Will start with the preparation of the foundation. But first, we will prepare all the necessary materials for summer cottage construction. So, we need:

• Cement and sand with crushed stone;
• Steel bars for fittings;
• Board or boards for formwork;
• Concrete blocks or bricks;
• Ruberoid or bituminous mastic;
• Expanded clay;
• Bar with a section of 100x100 mm;
• Metal corners, studs and screws;
• Chipboard or fiberboard panels;
• Vapor barrier;
• insulation;
• Roofing material (ondulin or corrugated board).

So, in the recommendation “where to start building a summer house”, the first point is the installation of the foundation. Under the frame house, a lightweight type of basis is suitable - columnar. This version of the foundation device will not only significantly save your money, but also serve as a reliable support for the construction.

• The installation of support pillars begins with the marking of the soil. According to the project, 50-70 cm pigeon pits are dug in all corners of the house and at the intersections of the walls. It is advisable to expand the section of the pits downwards.
• Then the soil in the pits is well rammed and covered with a layer of sand 10 cm. Expanded clay of the middle fraction is poured on top. Everything seals well.
• Now formwork is installed in the pits (can be fixed) and covered with waterproofing from the bottom and sides.
• Also in the pits you need to install steel rods in the amount of 4 pieces, connected by transverse rods with a step of 15 cm.
• Ready-made concrete mortar is poured into the pits so that the reinforcement sinks into the concrete by 2-3 cm. The poured pillars are left to dry for 3-4 weeks.

Important: the strip foundation is mounted using the same technology, only in this case it is not necessary to dig holes, but a trench around the perimeter of the house, which we are building.

Frame installation

As soon as the foundation pillars dry out, you can start building the frame of the house. Namely - its lower platform. It is she who will become the launching pad for the walls and roof. Therefore, for the platform, you can take a beam of a larger section - 100x150 mm.

Important: when doing work in the country with our own hands, we do not forget to treat the tree with antiseptics and flame retardants. This will increase the wood's resistance to burning or rotting. Also repels rodents.

• So, on all the pillars of the foundation, without exception, we lay the strapping from the timber. We mount it on roofing material. All elements are securely fastened together. In addition to the strapping, we mount the crossbars for the floor - logs. We grab the lower crown of the house with anchors to each pole.
• Now we cut the supporting vertical beams into the lower harness in increments of 60-70 cm. They can also be fastened with metal fasteners and jibs.
• Now we assemble the frames for the walls, taking into account the door and window openings.
• Following the assembled frame, the dacha construction of the walls of which we carry out, we carry out the upper strapping of the racks from the timber. Here you can use a beam with a section of 100x100 mm. And on the arranged strapping, floor beams are fixed or cut. Thus, we have a finished box at home.
• The next stage in the construction of a country house is the sheathing of the frame with chipboard or fiberboard boards. They are mounted on self-tapping screws, tightly fitting to each other.
• The floor and ceiling are covered with a board of the third grade. In the future, the floors can be insulated with mineral wool along the logs and sheathed with a grooved board.
• And lastly, we lay hydro- and vapor barrier on the casing of the country house, and between them a heater. Siding can be used as an exterior finish.

Roof of a frame house

• Hanging system. Here, the rafters are mounted only on load-bearing walls and no longer have other types of supports. For the solidity of the system, such rafters are fixed with a puff.
• The rafter system is layered. It is arranged if the house has internal partitions that will serve as additional support. When installing a layered truss system, the load on the load-bearing walls of the house is reduced.
• It is better to assemble roof trusses on the ground, and then lift them to the upper trim and mount them there. All farms are fastened together with a ridge beam and fixed to the Mauerlat, the role of which is played by the upper beam trim.
• A film is laid on top of the rafter system, making overlap joints. Then the film is additionally fixed with thin slats, placing them parallel to the rafters. Such a counter-lattice will create an additional ventilation gap for the entire roof.

Important: the width of the overlap of the film must be at least 20 cm.

• Now, a finishing crate is arranged perpendicular to the counter-lattice, on which we will subsequently mount the roofing material. The step of the boards / slats is made in accordance with the width of the sheets of roofing material.
• Roofing material begins to be laid from the bottom of the roof, moving in rows from right to left or vice versa.
• Roof overhangs are covered with plastic or wooden clapboard. The gable sides of the rafters are also decorated with plastic or wooden clapboard.

Home finishing

It remains to mount windows and doors to the house made. They are installed on special supports made of wood, adjusting and controlling the level of the blocks. All gaps between the frame and frames are foamed with mounting foam. After a day, the excess foam is cut off, and the remaining space is sheathed with drywall or any other building material for subsequent finishing.

Important: it is best to install doors completely with a frame and sashes. Thus, it will be possible to align the bearing opening for the block as much as possible.

The interior decoration of the house can be done with the use of drywall and its subsequent wallpapering. Also on the GCR, you can perform plastering, painting or cladding. And the water brought to the house will make your stay in it even more comfortable. It will be pleasant and convenient to be here at any time of the year. A house built using this technology will stand for 30 years or more. Now it remains to announce to relatives and friends about the invitation to a fragrant barbecue.

By the way, if you don’t know how much it costs to build a frame house, then we hasten to inform you that such a building, taking into account the purchase of all materials, will cost about 10 thousand USD. If you don’t know what to build from, and want to make a house from improvised materials that remained on the site, then such a house will cost 1.5 times cheaper.

The construction of a country house is a multi-stage process, involving the coordinated work of masters of various fields, from architects to master finishers. The final result depends on the quality of execution of each stage of work and the selected materials. But the question often arises, how to build a house cheaply and quickly yourself, and is it possible?

Contrary to popular belief, building a country house can cost a small amount of money. To do this, it is enough to competently approach each of the stages of construction, reducing its cost without loss of quality. Let's try to figure out how to build a house cheaply, what you can save on, and what you absolutely cannot, in our article.

Each of the elements of a country house can be reduced in price

Savings start with the creation of the project

As a rule, finished projects have complex layouts that are expensive to execute. The final result looks good in the picture, but does not solve the main task: how to build a house yourself cheaply, because many additional architectural structures will cost a considerable amount of money.

Affordable architectural projects are characterized by:

• A simple rectangular shape without ledges, bay windows and other expensive elements.
• One floor. The absence of expensive ceilings and stairs will reduce the final cost of the home.
• Shallow foundation - a concrete structure dug under the base of the house. Installation of this type of foundation does not require thorough preparatory work, so it will cost a reasonable price.
• Standard roof shape with two slopes. Complex structures with round skylights and many slopes increase the cost of construction.

The simpler the box at home, the more reliable and cheaper it is.

The traditional form of windows. As a rule, rectangular double-leaf windows are much cheaper than any non-standard modifications.

Laconic interior decoration. The most budgetary and functional construction option is a Scandinavian-style house with a minimum of intricate decorative elements.

Simple exterior finish. For example, finishing the facade with plaster is a durable and aesthetic design method that does not require long and expensive construction work.

Which foundation is more economical

The type and depth of the foundation are determined by the final weight of the house, the quality of the soil, and the proximity of the reservoir. Foundation costs average 40% of the cost of all works. It is generally accepted that it is impossible to save on the foundation, and it is really stupid to dispute this statement. But, nevertheless, there are ways to build a house inexpensively, without losing quality, saving on the foundation. True, at the same time, you need to know exactly what kind of soil is on the site, and for this you will have to order geological exploration. According to its results, the following options can be considered:

If most often for country houses a strip foundation is used, laid to the depth of freezing of the soil, then in some cases it is possible to get by with its shallow variety. As a rule, such a design "sits" into the ground by 0.5-0.7 meters, which significantly reduces the amount of concrete required for pouring.

Strip foundation traditional for suburban construction

Also, in addition to the characteristics of the soil, it is necessary to take into account the weight of the future house and the relief of the site. If the design allows you to install a house on a pile foundation, then this will significantly reduce the burden on the budget.

A compromise option is a pile-grillage foundation. Here, technologies for laying shallow and pile foundations are combined. First, a shallow foundation is dug out, and then holes are dug or drilled at the reference points to the depth of freezing of the soil. After the formwork is installed, everything is poured with concrete together, and as a result, a shallow foundation is obtained, which stands below the freezing point of the soil with support pillars.

In some cases, you can not fill the foundation, but lay it out of ready-made reinforced concrete slabs.

An additional savings may be the refusal to order concrete at the factory, but it must be borne in mind that its independent preparation in a concrete mixer will take an order of magnitude more time and effort. As a result, it is up to everyone to decide what is more important - time or money.

We must always remember that all ways to save on the foundation must be carefully calculated and approved by specialists. Otherwise, there is a risk of confirming for yourself the proverb about the miser who pays twice.

Pile and pile-grillage foundations

The choice of materials for walls - which is cheaper and better

The largest amount of building material goes to the construction of walls, so you should carefully choose what is cheaper to build a house from.

A brick house is the most durable, reliable construction option. Competently executed buildings from this material serve for more than one hundred years, without requiring any repair or maintenance of the facades. The brick wall is environmentally friendly, creates good air exchange and is not affected by moisture, fire and temperature extremes. The main disadvantage of a brick is its heavy weight, which implies the construction of a solid and expensive foundation. The next feature of the brick structure is the need for careful thermal insulation of the house, especially in the harsh northern climatic conditions.

Modern wooden dwellings are made of glued beams, which are small dried blocks glued together. This material provides good thermal insulation, fast installation, and also creates a favorable microclimate in the room. The disadvantage of the material is its susceptibility to moisture and fire. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully design power supply and heating systems. In addition, after several years of operation, walls made of glued laminated timber may require additional impregnation with antiseptic compounds.

Glulam house with two floors and a small terrace

Frame houses are structures assembled from ready-made insulated blocks. Construction takes a minimum amount of time, but it requires significant financial costs. The main advantage of the technology is the absence of shrinkage of the finished structure, so finishing work is carried out immediately after the walls are erected. The disadvantage of erecting the frame is the complexity of the process. Thus, it is necessary to pay for the services of qualified builders in order to end up with a reliable structure. When building a spacious house, the design of an air exchange system is also necessary, since the artificial materials of the blocks do not pass air well.

Classic frame house - strict and original architecture

A building made of aerated concrete blocks weighs much less than a brick one, while its thermal insulation properties are similar. The porous material passes air well, provides sound insulation, is easy to install, and does not shrink. Thus, budget houses from gas blocks are built quite quickly, a good microclimate is formed inside the premises, additional ventilation is not required. On the other hand, the blocks also pass water well, so high-quality waterproofing is the main condition for a durable aerated concrete structure. For durable construction, it is also necessary to select a qualified work team to build a house in compliance with the technology of bonding and waterproofing blocks. Otherwise, the structure may be easily blown through or have an increased level of humidity.

Video description

Clearly about the pros and cons of aerated concrete in the video:

Comparison of prices per square meter of construction from different materials

Pricing when building a house depends not only on the materials chosen, but also on the condition of the soil, the necessary costs for providing thermal insulation, as well as the skill level of the team that is building the building.

For example, the construction of a brick building will cost an average of 2,300 rubles per square meter, but this does not take into account the cost of thermal insulation and the construction of a reliable foundation.

Houses made of glued laminated timber will cost 1,900 rubles per meter of finished construction, while the quality of wood and communications is of decisive importance.

The most affordable option is frame houses, the cost of which is 875 rubles per meter of finished housing. But if there is no desire or opportunity to build a house on your own, then you will need to involve a qualified team of builders, whose services are quite expensive.

Buildings made of aerated concrete will cost customers 2,000 rubles per square meter, while it is necessary to use special adhesives to create a durable structure that is resistant to moisture. Also, the porous material of gas blocks requires thorough waterproofing.

Pricing depends on many factors

Budget options for building a roof

The most affordable is a gable roof without wide gables and additional decorative elements. The structure is installed on wooden beams, supplemented with metal rods (reinforcement) for strengthening. On the basis of the insulated roof, full-fledged attics or attic rooms are constructed.

To cover the outer surface of the roof, slate, metal tiles or corrugated board are used. The latter material is the best option for roofing due to its low cost, lightness and strength. The only disadvantage of corrugated board is the need for thorough soundproofing in order to protect the inhabitants of the house from the noise of rain and similar sounds. Classic slate is expensive to operate and non-environmental material, in addition, it requires lengthy installation. Aesthetic durable metal tile is a good option for creating a roof, but such material will require significant financial investments from the owners.

A simple roof structure is the key to saving construction costs

Is it worth saving on a vapor-permeable membrane

Many owners are thinking about reducing the construction budget. The desire to save money is reasonable, and the calculation is obvious: you can buy middle-class materials, since a roof made of corrugated board, slate or metal tiles will reliably protect the interior space. The truth is that it is high-quality materials that are the key to the reliability of the structure, and unplanned expenses become the result of such a strategy.

For example, to be convinced of the economic benefits of using a high-quality membrane, it is enough to conduct a comparative analysis on the example of a house with a classic pitched roof with an area of ​​150 m 2. For such an area, you will need 3 rolls of a hydro-windproof membrane. The cost of material from various manufacturers will be:

If we take into account only the financial side of the issue, then the choice is obvious. But the primary task of the diffusion membrane is to preserve the properties of the insulation and underlay structures. The vapor permeability of the nonwoven fabric (the ability to remove steam in a timely manner) not only protects the underlying layers. It directly affects the likelihood that during the first ten years it will be necessary to make major repairs to the roof structure.

An analysis of the two tables shows that the materials have different price/permeability ratios, respectively: 12-13.1-50.6-12.7. The lower the coefficient, the less the likelihood of a major overhaul in the first 5-10 years of operation of the roof (in the worst cases, the probability increases to 60-79%.).

According to the totality of characteristics, the highest quality of the considered products were Tyvek and Yutafol. In addition, DuPont's Tyvek® membranes, which meet all the requirements of SNIP and SP, are the only ones with a 10-year manufacturer's warranty, which means they will not cause repairs during this period.

The vapor barrier can be removed in two ways. The first, the most financially capacious, is the replacement of the roof of the house from the outside (in fact, a complete overhaul); it includes:

Roofing dismantling. From 100 rubles / m 2 (depending on the material).

Dismantling the insulation. From 45 rubles / m 2.

Replacing a damaged membrane. From 50 rubles / m 2.

Garbage removal. 1.5 t - from 2800 rubles.

Installation of new insulation. From 60 rubles / m 2.

Installation of new roofing material. Slate - from 180 rubles / m 2, soft tiles - from 380 rubles / m 2.

The cost of the work will be comparable to twice the cost of a new roof; in most cases, it is easier to demolish the old roofing cake by replacing the entire roof.

The cost of replacing the diffusion membrane in the second way, from inside the house, consists of the following operations:

Removing the ceiling trim(attic, attic, etc.). Wallpaper, plaster - from 70 rubles / m 2.

Dismantling of floors. From 450 rubles / m 2.

Replacement of the membrane itself. From 50 rubles / m 2.

Garbage removal. From 360 rubles / m 3.

Installation of new floors and partitions. From 270 rubles / m 2.

Installation and finishing of new interior decoration(ceiling repair). From 250 rubles / m 2.

This option is less expensive, but in this case, the new membrane will not be installed according to the technology. Violation of the norms of SNIP and SP means improper operation, and, as a result, another repair ahead of schedule. As a result, short-term savings of a maximum of 10 thousand rubles. on the difference in prices of different membranes will result in significant financial expenses and loss of time. Thus, the purchase of high-quality materials allows not only to protect the house, but also to avoid unplanned expenses.

Construction of internal partitions

The construction of a budget home involves the use of thin plasterboard partitions, as well as soundproof materials. Such walls are quickly mounted, they look aesthetically pleasing, but at the same time they do not provide the structure with additional strength.

For owners of sites with silty soil near water bodies or in hilly areas, it is recommended to build internal load-bearing walls. Thus, the structure will be more stable; when choosing a deep foundation, it will not succumb to adverse influences (for example, soil displacement).

It is easy to strengthen internal partitions made of any materials using a metal profile installed in places with the greatest load on the walls.

Video description

Experience shows that there are moments in the construction of a house where it is absolutely not worth saving, but there are nuances where you can not only save, but rationally spend the budget (which is a kind of reasonable savings).

Window device options

The most budgetary and durable option is metal-plastic windows. Ready-made or custom-made, such structures can be of any size and modification, perfectly adapted to harsh climatic conditions, and look aesthetically pleasing. The main advantage of PVC windows is the ease of installation and maintenance. Unlike expensive wooden windows, metal-plastic windows do not require periodic restoration, they are less susceptible to moisture and temperature changes. Modern structures are equipped with several tilt-and-turn structures in order to carry out ongoing ventilation.

Classic double-glazed windows in a country house - reliable and inexpensive

Will it be possible to save on engineering communications

Contrary to popular belief, even the cheapest house functions well if engineering communications work properly in it. On the other hand, budget options for installing electrical and water networks lead to additional costs in the future. For example, cheap wires, as well as junction boxes with poor insulation in a wooden house, can lead to a fire and the need to restore the entire structure. Plumbing systems installed without following the technology can collapse under the influence of harsh weather conditions, which will affect not only the comfort of the owners, but also future repair costs.

The installation of utilities is the basis for a comfortable life in a country dwelling, so the ability to save on this aspect must be confirmed by careful calculations. This stage of work should be entrusted only to professionals in order to avoid unnecessary costs, as well as unpleasant situations during operation.

Interior decoration

A good way to save money is to choose a concise, simple interior decoration of a country house. A wide variety of finishing materials will allow you to equip cozy rooms at minimal cost. To save money, it is recommended to choose a laconic interior style, the minimum number of decorative elements.

Laconic interior is the minimum cost of finishing materials

Popular furniture made from natural materials looks aesthetically pleasing, but it will cost more than composite materials, and also requires careful maintenance.

Tips for saving on building a house: what you can and cannot save on

Thinking about how to save on building a house, do not forget about the guarantee of its quality. Professional supervision of a technical engineer over the construction process is a guarantee of compliance with the technology of all work, so you should not save on these procedures.

Attractive ready-made designs of country houses are a beautiful picture that can turn into impractical, expensive housing to operate. It is recommended to save on external decorative elements and order a house project with a simple and clear architecture.

The foundation and communications are the "skeleton" of durable housing in which it will be comfortable to live, so it is worth spending maximum money on these aspects in order to use the services of professionals with many years of experience.

Finishing materials and additional lighting inside the house are more decorative than functional elements. Therefore, it is possible to minimize costs by using the principle of sufficiency.

Video description

Is construction supervision worth ordering? This question is of interest to almost everyone who builds a house for himself, makes repairs, etc. Today we will look at how to control a construction company? What to pay attention to? Where can I find independent technical supervision and what is the essence of this service? We will also consider how much technical supervision will cost you and what are the advantages of this service?

Conclusion

The construction of a country house for permanent residence involves a consistent, thoughtful approach to all aspects of construction. In general, the answer to the question of how to build a house inexpensively, and which house is cheaper to build, will be the competent distribution of the budget and the use of professional services where possible for the selection of materials and work. We must always remember that illiterate savings here and now often manifest themselves in the negative side during the further operation of the house.