What is the cheapest way to build a garage? Options and materials from which it is better to build a garage

A car is not just a means of transportation, for its owner it is a reliable friend, a favorite toy and even a soul mate.

They are taken care of with love, acquiring the necessary parts, care products, they arrange regular washes, technical inspections, and, of course, how to do without a house for him, i.e. garage.

If you're on a tight budget, you can afford to buy a ready-made garage or hire professionals to build, but the best and most reliable option is to build your own.

Permits

A garage made on its own, without paperwork, is considered an illegal structure (self-building). On the land for construction, there must also be appropriate documents.

But, in some cases, permits for the construction are not required:

• if this is not a capital building, but the construction of a frame garage;
• if it is not a commercial project;
• if it is an auxiliary building.

All other options for buildings and the land plot must be legalized by completing the documentation.

Varieties of garages

Garages vary depending on the financial solvency of the owner, personal tastes and building site. The garage can be attached to the house or made instead of the ground floor, or directly under the house.

The garage structure built instead of the first floor, the so-called built-in garage, is not very convenient. Nowadays, you can purchase structures that are assembled and disassembled, like a designer. Or arrange a hanging structure in the yard.

The pricing policy of this option of garage construction is quite acceptable. And the structure itself is simple and unreliable.

The most common types of garages are separate structures located near the entrance to the site, in order to save precious square meters.

In this case, the garage door must face the street part. These structures can be of a capital nature, built of brick with a roof, auxiliary - in the form of a household building, or a prefabricated metal structure.

Construction of a garage on the site

Finally, the hot time has come to start construction, which will give you enough troublesome and pleasant moments, as well as good financial savings.

In the photo of building a garage on your own, you will see all the delights of such a construction. But the result will undoubtedly be pleasant!

Project documentation

To start any construction project is required, and the construction of the garage was no exception. This does not need a bunch of garage blueprints at all, but some sketches and description are required for reliable and capital construction.

At the beginning of the design, it is worth deciding on some details:

Note!

• For what purposes it will be used: to shelter the car, as a repair shop, whether a pit is needed to inspect the car. Write down your preferences on paper.
• The dimensions of the garage, which depend on its intended use, the characteristics of the site and the size of the building area.

For a garage, a size of 3x6 is suitable, of course, if you are not the owner of a large SUV such as a hummer. An ordinary car will easily fit in such an area, and there will be space on the sides for the free opening of doors and passage and in front for parking.

The optimal garage height for a car entry will be 150-190 cm, and the ideal one is 200-250 cm. If you still have an SUV, the dimensions of the garage should be made larger.

If you want to organize a cellar or a bench, the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe garage will also have to be increased. And no one will argue, because it should have a place for repair and maintenance of the machine, a place to place tools and fixtures, to store parts.

When constructing a building for two cars, think carefully about the details and take into account all dimensions when calculating the total area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe garage.

Location

When choosing a location, it is necessary to take into account the location of all existing buildings, fire safety standards and sanitary requirements. Consider the entrance as well.

Note!

It is convenient to arrange a garage along all the buildings or inside the site so that the open car doors do not create obstacles, no closer than 1 m from the neighbors, so that the water from the roof does not flood their land during rain.

When determining the location of the entrance to the garage, do not forget that the distance to neighboring windows must be at least 10 m.

According to fire safety requirements, the garage must be located at least 9 m from the house and at least 15 m from polymer buildings.

First, determine the location of the corner of the garage and the location of its shelter in relation to this point.

Necessary materials

Usually, to build a garage on their own, they use:

Note!

• brick is the most popular and reliable material;
• reinforced concrete, used for collapsible garage options;
• slag concrete, inferior in price and reliability to brick, but makes the work laborious;
• metal, for quick construction of the structure and affordable option;
• wood, not suitable for building a garage.

Ground preparation and foundation laying

Work on preparing the site for building is carried out with a shovel. A trench 40 cm wide is dug under the foundation. The depth of the trench depends on the climate of your region, but generally up to 1 m.

The bottom of the trench should be lightly tamped, the walls should be leveled with a shovel. There are a lot of varieties of the foundation, but in our case it will be a rubble-concrete option, simple and inexpensive.

It is easy to make it: rubble stone is laid in layers in a trench, and cement mortar is poured between them, and so on to the top of the trench.

You can make the solution yourself: mix cement 400 in the amount of 1 bucket with 2.5 buckets of sand, about 1 bucket of water.

Basement construction

Formwork is installed along the entire length of the trench using boards 10 cm wide. On an uneven area, the horizon is marked from the highest point plus 10 cm to the basement level.

Do not forget about multi-layer roofing felt waterproofing so that the walls of the building are not saturated with moisture. Before you start laying the walls, you need to install the gate to secure them as the walls are built.

Gates

The most important thing in choosing a gate is its reliability and ease of use. They can be hinged, sectional, in the form of roller shutters and lifting and turning, opening automatically or mechanically.

In the modern world, the automatic version of the gate is increasingly preferred. During a power outage, it is worth considering a mechanical opening option.

Walling

When the gate is already installed, you can go to the main masonry. The cinder block is laid in a chain way from the corners. Further, a fishing line is stretched between them and the entire rest of the cinder block is laid. Gradually, the corners rise and the laying is repeated.

Using a plumb line, control the evenness of the walls vertically, especially the corners. The level is their horizontality. Do not forget about the slope for water flow. To do this, make the ends of the garage different in height with a cut of the top of the side wall under a slope.

The solution is made at the rate of: 1 bucket of cement (grade 400) per 4.5 buckets of sand with the addition of water to a thick state. For greater plasticity, add clay or lime.

roof construction

Overlappings are made of metal beams 10-12 cm high with a filing of wooden boards. They are perfect for covering a garage with a width of no more than 6 m, while the length of the beams will be 20-25 cm longer.

Step-by-step instructions for laying floors and roofs can be found on the Internet on sites about construction work or by getting advice from specialists.

Construction of the floor and blind area

As a standard, a concrete floor is made in the garage 8-10 cm thick on the same level as the plinth edge. The ground before this is well leveled. Pour concrete using tensioned cords to obtain a level surface.

On the outside of the garage, a blind area 0.5 m wide is constructed with a slight slope to drain water.

Other improvements

The garage does not need decor, it is enough to grout the walls with a cement solution, apply plaster and whitewash.

You can insulate the walls with foam, in case of severe cold, you will need to use heaters. The optimum temperature for the garage is 5-6 degrees.

The presence of ventilation in the garage is mandatory in order to remove various chemical odors and exhaust gases from the premises.

To do this, install either purchased ventilation systems, or arrange natural air exchange through the deflector and supply grilles.

A viewing hole is a necessary component of the garage. It contributes to convenient maintenance and repair of the car.

The entrance to the garage, as a rule, is included in the project, taking into account all sorts of nuances: the type of coverage, the style of the shelter, soil features, the presence of underground sources, local geology. But the main thing is convenience, hardness and evenness of the surface.

For a more detailed study of the construction process of all the constituent parts of the garage, it is recommended to watch the video material, and you can safely start building!

Brick is expensive, but recently it has not been in demand, and not only because of the high cost. Yes, the brick looks beautiful, has excellent characteristics, but construction takes too much time. Another thing - alternative materials:

Here are the three main building materials used economical builders. Let's explore the details technology building a garage cheaply and reliably.

from wood

Perhaps, wood- this is the best option, because here, like in no other option, external aesthetics, environmental friendliness, economy and ease of construction are successfully combined. But working with wood has its own nuances.

Please note that there are two ways to build: from round logs and frame technology. The first is more reliable, the second is cheaper. Choose the most suitable option for you.

Technology

How to build a garage cheaply with your own hands from wood? Preparatory stage consists in choosing the location of the future structure and its model. Garages are free standing or attached to the building. The types of gate opening are also multivariate. All of these points must be in advance.

After drawing up a plan and layout, the construction site is leveled, cleaned, and rammed. The site must be perfectly flat so that after that there are no kinks and distortions.

The site is ready, it's time to start the most important part of our construction - pouring the foundation. Along the perimeter of the future development, a trench is dug, on which formwork is installed. Definitely a must do pillow from several layers of sand and gravel, which is carefully compacted.

The base is reinforced with metal rods and poured with concrete. Now you need to let the foundation stand at least three weeks. When the foundation is ready, we proceed to the lower strapping, which is carried out from the board 50x100 mm.

ATTENTION: Be aware of the wood's tendency to absorb moisture and rot. Therefore, pre-treat the building boards antiseptic.

For corner posts and gate leaves, it is best to take beam, while other frame elements are made of boards 50x100 mm. When performing the lower strapping, maintain an interval of no more than 120 cm.

Also, if you want your garage to be as durable, strong, solid and last as long as possible, install braces at the corners. This will give the structure more stability.

The hardest part of the job is foundation pouring and frame erection. For the frame, stronger, thicker boards are needed, while for the arrangement you can already use a 25x100 mm board, even a simple lining will do here. The board is then sheathed with any finishing material, after which it is necessary to carry out hydro- and vapor barriers by laying several layers of polyethylene or polypropylene film.

As you can see, the garage itself is cheap wood not that hard to build.

Garage photo wooden:

cinder block

The second most popular building material for a garage is cinder block. To date, cinder blocks are of several types:

• from blast-furnace slag, which is famous for its excellent performance and durability;
• shell rock;
• brick fight.

To improve performance, some manufacturers add more perlite, polystyrene and other materials.

The cinder block is good for everyone, but there is one in it flaw: like a tree, he absorbs moisture, which is rapidly destroyed. With dry soil, this quality of the material will not be problematic, and with proper construction it will last up to fifty years, but in places where ground water, it is better to choose another material, because, if the tree can still be varnished, carry out such manipulations with a cinder block it is forbidden.

ATTENTION: You need to know that cinder blocks are divided into types not only by composition, but also by configuration into hollow ones, which are used for walls, and solid ones, intended for the foundation. Ignoring this feature can lead to the rapid destruction of the entire structure.

Technology

In the construction of a garage cinder block, we also carry out preparatory work, cleaning and leveling the site, developing a plan for the future building.

A flood foundation is ideal for a tree, but cinder blocks do not need such a powerful support, it will do here. The strip foundation is made as follows: the top layer of soil is removed and a trench is dug about 45-50 cm deep and 40-45 cm wide. Then a pillow is made of sand and broken brick, which is then poured with cement.

You can also do it differently: the trench is covered with sand, and then filled with water. The combination of water and sand gives the construction strength and makes it resistant to time and changes in temperature and humidity. After that, reinforcement is laid on the bottom and the entire structure is concreted.

In a month, you can start building walls. The third way to build a strip foundation even easier: rubble stone is poured into the trench instead of sand and the entire structure is poured with cement raster, not lower than 150 marks.

After the foundation has been erected, the basement is equipped with heat and vapor barrier materials. The most versatile option for hydro, heat and vapor barrier is a simple ruberoid.

• walling;
• floor screed;
• roofing;
• hanging gate.

cinder block masonry identical with bricklaying, only here this work is carried out several times faster. Laying can be carried out in the stone floor (spoon method) or in one stone (poke method).

Masonry in 2 and 1.5 stones is also practiced. You choose the option that suits you, remembering that the thickness of the walls directly affects the durability of the garage and its ability to withstand sudden changes in temperature. A one-stone garage will freeze in winter, even if several heaters are installed in it, while one and a half and two stones will be warm and cozy.

When building walls, you should initially lay out the corners, and only then, stretching the building cords between them, start laying blocks using the brick method, that is, blocking the seam of the previous row.

When constructing the floor, remember that the screed must be at least 10 cm. Concrete is good for screed M200, which is poured in several layers, and then, after drying, rubbed.
The final stage - electrification and interior decoration.

Garage photo from cinder blocks:

Decking

How easy is it to build a garage? For this, a universal material is suitable. corrugated board. It is perfect for fences, for sheds, it also makes good garages. But here the most important condition is the competent choice of corrugated board: only cheaper is suitable for building a garage brand PS or With.

Decking is marked with a letter and a number. Letter "WITH" stands for "purpose for walls", number - sheet stiffness. The higher the number, the stronger the sheet. S-20- the best option for construction.

Sometimes sellers, due to their illiteracy or when there is no twenty in stock, advise ten or eight for construction, but! Never fall for this sales trick! A garage made of such a sheet, although it will cost much less, will not last long, besides, it will be icy in winter, and it will be impossible to warm it up. And the walls will shake from the wind. You need it? We think not, therefore, we stop at the standard twenty.

Ideal deck thickness half a millimeter.

Technology

How to build a cheap garage with your own hands from corrugated board? We will need:

• reinforcement and concrete for the foundation;
• elements for the frame: corner, bars, metal rods;
• metal elements for gates;
• self-tapping screws.

Arm yourself next tool:

1. screwdriver;
2. welding machine;
3. Bulgarian;
4. metal scissors;
5. jigsaw.

Garage photo from corrugated board:

Let's get to work. First of all, we fill. Having cut off the soil by half a meter, the resulting trench is covered with sand and poured with water. Under the frame racks, wells are made, which will simultaneously become foundation racks.

This work will help to make the foundation stronger and more resistant to ground movement. Wells are driven to a depth of at least half a meter.

Further, everything is standard: a wooden formwork is erected, on which the bars of the reinforcing structure are installed. For strength, the rods are attached with wire. Now the main thing is not to forget to install frame structure racks in the wells.

IMPORTANT: Before installing racks, it is necessary to process bitumen underground part of the building.

To prevent the racks from warping, they are carefully aligned with level. The last stage of work is pouring reinforcement with concrete. Use mark 300, for this case, this is an ideal option.

Some builders claim that it is possible to build within two or three days after pouring concrete, but professionals advise to wait for the required three weeks, otherwise the foundation may crack, and then it will no longer be possible to correct the error. Patience and again patience is the key to success.

When the foundation is ready, erect metal carcass. Here, welding, and a grinder with an electric jigsaw for cutting metal pipes of the right size, and some more welding skills are useful. With the basic skills of a welder, the frame is cooked in a day or two. The newcomer is transported for a week. In order to make a frame, you need to carefully study the drawing several times and cut the material according to its data.

Using welding, we cook horizontal metal rods to the racks. Welding in progress at three points. If the frame is made of timber, then in addition to everything, special fasteners for wooden beams are welded to the racks. The bars are attached with self-tapping screws.

Now the corrugated board is attached self-tapping screws. You can adjust the sheets to size using a jigsaw. This work is best done team out of three or four people, it is almost impossible to cope with it alone.

When the frame is completed, the installation phase of the gate begins. Here you also need to show patience and maximum attention in order to avoid mistakes. The frame of the gate is made of metal corners and sheathed with a profiled sheet. This job can be done in a day or two.

As a rule, it is performed in a single-sided version. The roof frame is made of crossbeams (wooden or metal), on which a crate from a lining is attached. It is important to take into account the climatic features of your region.

In the southern regions, a lightweight construction of the crate can be used. In the north, where the winter period with blizzards and snow drifts is long enough, it is better to make a stronger, more solid structure that can withstand the load of snow.

We have described the main stages of construction technology. Now it's your turn to choose what cheaper build a garage with your own hands for your swallow. And we only have to wish you good luck and a peaceful sky over your head!

Useful video

How to lay the cinder block during construction budget garage, watch the video:

If you want, you can take inexpensive materials and work a little on its creation. The main thing is that the structure is convenient for storing a car.

The times when brick was popular in the construction of garages has passed, now practical owners are trying to use alternative materials that help save construction time and money:

• Decking is a beautiful-looking and practical material;
• Wood is a reliable option;
• Cinder block is an inexpensive durable material.

Features of the process of building a garage

Depending on which material you choose, consider the features of the technologies for working with each of them. We will describe them in more detail, talk about construction technology.

A cheap do-it-yourself garage from corrugated board is being built very quickly. To begin with, select a suitable grade of material, grades S-20 or PS with a sheet thickness of 0.5 mm are best suited. The letter C at the same time indicates the purpose of the material, this one is used in the construction of walls, the number indicates rigidity - the higher it is, the stronger the sheet.

Attention! In no case do not buy sheets of grade -8. They will cost less, but its performance leaves much to be desired. Among the shortcomings are a short shelf life, poor wind resistance, freezing of walls in winter.

Necessary materials

To create a garage you will need:

• frame elements - metal rods, corners, beams;
• self-tapping screws;
• fasteners for gates, other metal elements;
• concrete and reinforcement for the plinth.

Required Tools

• welding;
• metal scissors;
• screwdriver;
• Bulgarian;
• electric jigsaw.

Instructions for creating a garage from corrugated board

Before building a garage cheaply from this material, you need to study the technology, which consists of the following steps:

Install a monolithic foundation - make a trench half a meter down, fill it with sand and fill it with water. Make wells 0.5 m deep under the racks. Attach the timber formwork, install the reinforcement, fastened with wire. Install the racks, level them, fill them with M300 concrete for two to three weeks.

Attention! Wait at least two weeks for complete drying, however quickly you would like to move on to the next step. If you continue the work earlier, the foundation will soon begin to crack, which will be more difficult to fix.

Build a metal frame - when you carefully study the drawing, you can start cutting pipes. Next, weld horizontal rods to the uprights at three points.

Attention! If you prefer a wooden frame, at this stage you need to weld a special mount for the bars to the uprights. Self-tapping screws are needed to secure the frame of this type.

Adjust the sheets to size, it's good if you have friends who can help with this. Attach metal sheets with self-tapping screws.

Install the gate using the elements purchased earlier - weld the frame from the corners and sheathe it with a profiled sheet.

To build a shed roof, build a frame of metal rods or wooden beams, attach a lining to them.

Attention! Choose a lining based on weather conditions: the need to withstand the weight of snow, resistance to sunlight.

Wooden garages are beautiful to look at and practical to use, they are eco-friendly and easy to install. The nuances include the presence of two construction options: by installing the frame and from the block house. You can choose the one that suits you best. The first method is implemented cheaply and quickly, but the second one is more reliable.

Instructions for building a garage made of wood

The technology for building a garage from such material has the following steps:

• Decide on the model and location - think about whether you want a garage attached to the house, or standing alone. Decide on the type of gate, methods of opening them.
• Make a layout of the future building.
• Prepare the site - clean and tamp the surface to make it perfectly flat.

Attention! If you don't want to see your garage skewed, take the previous point seriously.

• Fill the foundation - dig a trench around the perimeter, install a wooden formwork. Make a pillow out of sand and gravel, alternating layers and tamping them down.

• Install metal bars and pour M300 concrete, leave for three weeks.
• Run the bottom trim with wood using a board 5 by 10 cm, keep an interval of about 120 cm, but no more.

Attention! Wood absorbs moisture, which can cause it to rot. Treat it with antiseptics, and then you can quickly build a garage with your own hands with minimal material costs.

• You can install struts in the corners, then the garage will become more reliable.

Probably the most difficult stage is the pouring and construction of the frame. But if you have encountered this type of work before, it will not take much time and effort. Take boards about 2.5 * 10 cm thick or a standard lining. If you use wood, it must be sheathed and covered with a waterproofing film.

You yourself have seen that in time it will not take many hours. Now you can look at the price lists of materials and you will understand that it is also inexpensive.

The cinder block is different, for example:

• shell rock;
• blast furnace slag;
• brick fight.

Their durability has been tested by time - they are even used to build houses in warm climatic regions, not to mention garages. To strengthen the plates themselves, manufacturers add polystyrene, perlite and various useful components to the composition.

The only drawback of the cinder block is its susceptibility to moisture. Therefore, for areas where groundwater flows, it does not serve for a long time, it is better to choose another material there. Unfortunately, a budget cinder block cannot even be varnished like a tree.

Attention! Not only in composition, but also in structure, the following types of this material are distinguished: full-bodied - for the foundation and hollow - for walls. The entanglement usually results in the destruction of the house.

How to build a cinder block building

The technology of building a garage cheaply with your own hands from a cinder block is in many ways reminiscent of the process of building from wood:

• clean and level the site, while you should have a plan of the future building in your hands;
• install a strip foundation, for which, to a depth and width of about half a meter, dig a trench around the perimeter, lay a brick-sand cushion, reinforcement and fill it with cement.
• after waiting a month, build walls;
• perform a coupler;
• install the roof;
• attach the gate.

Attention! The cinder block is laid in a manner identical to laying bricks, only faster. This is done using the spoon or poke method. Make the walls thicker - and the garage will last longer.

When erecting walls, corners are first made, cords are stretched between them, thanks to which the evenness of the structure is ensured.
The floor screed is made with about 10 cm concrete grade M200.

You just have to do the wiring for electricity and then finish the garage inside.

Conclusion

You have become familiar with the basic materials that are often used in order to inexpensively build a garage with your own hands in one month. You can choose the ones that are easiest to use or suit the conditions of your climate region. We wish you good luck in construction, imagination when creating interior decoration. Remember: the cost of building a garage completely covers the risk of theft of an unattended car.

Many vehicle owners are wondering how to quickly build a garage from inexpensive building materials. A car that stands in the open air is exposed to various atmospheric influences. This not only burns out the paintwork, but also quickly corrodes the body, assemblies and parts under the hood.

The cheapest garage is the metal “shell” famous in the 90s or a ready-made prefabricated metal one. But this is not at all the best option, since condensate collects there, there are temperature drops, which also negatively affects the car, but it is better to build a warm room.

Today there are many building materials for the construction of the building. They differ from each other not only in cost, but also in specific gravity, which determines the type of foundation for the structure. The lighter the structure, the less powerful the foundation can be made.

Foundation laying

Under a heavy structure, it is better to make a strip foundation; for a light one, it is enough to make a columnar one. The only thing that must not be forgotten is that even if an inexpensive columnar foundation is being built, it must be laid to the freezing depth. In our latitudes, this is at least 80 cm. A columnar foundation, of course, will reduce the cost of building a garage. Some argue that the foundation can be laid in a trench 40 cm deep. But then it can be excruciatingly painful when, after a cold winter, the structure “leads” due to the fact that the foundation will crack and begin to collapse. This effect may not be noticed immediately - only after a few years.

Before you start building, you need to carefully calculate all the costs and weigh your financial capabilities.

Only after that you can decide what to build a cheap option from.

Construction materials

What is needed for construction

1. Used brick - the material is quite cheap, warm and reliable. But it is worth considering that often its surface does not have an attractive or even decent appearance. This means that walls made of such material will either have to be plastered or covered with other finishing materials. And this will make the whole structure more expensive than some of the new materials.
2. Sandwich panels are a modern building material. It is distinguished by low weight, ease and speed of installation of structures from it. Most types of these panels do not require exterior and interior decoration. These are three-layer slabs with an internal insulation layer and a coating on the outer sides of metal, expanded polystyrene or magnesite board. They are quite large (from 1000 × 2000 mm), which speeds up the installation of structures made of them. It is worth noting that for the construction of such panels you need to make a frame. It can be made of wood, metal and even reinforced concrete structures. The most commonly used metal frame. It is strong and durable, does not give, unlike wood, shrinkage and shrinkage. And yet you can build a frame out of wood. Such wall material as "sandwiches" allows you to carry out all stages of the construction of the structure yourself.
3. Decking can also be attributed to those building materials from which you can build a garage at low cost. This design is arranged on a metal or wooden frame. In this case, you must not forget to take into account the costs of warming the building. Since without wall and ceiling insulation, it will be the same tin can with all its shortcomings as the finished prefabricated one.
4. OSB boards are also popular today among those who build lightweight structures. The advantage of OSB is that it is not affected by moisture like other lumber. OSB acquired this property due to its three-layer structure, where in the outer layers the chips are located horizontally on the surface of the plate, and in the inner layer - vertically. From this material, you can build a fairly cheap room for a car. Its construction will not take much time, because. also performed on the frame, and the dimensions of the plate are quite large. The spans between the racks of the frame should not exceed 1.2 m, because OSB-plates - the material is quite flexible. Large spans will make the structure fragile. The thickness of the wall plates must be at least 18 mm. On sale there are also plates with a thickness of 22 mm. Outside, the walls of this material can be finished with siding. But this operation should not be done immediately if there are not enough funds. It is allowed to begin with covering the walls with plastic wrap, because OSB boards resist moisture well. Warming from the inside is not necessary. But if you still want to insulate the room, it will be possible to do this over time, when additional financial opportunities appear. Inside the room, there will be a space between the racks of the frame that can be filled with mineral wool or foam.

To build this structure with your own hands, it is not necessary to own a profession. It is enough to have elementary skills: the ability to work with a hammer, screwdriver, electric saw.

The first and obligatory stage is the creation of the project. For this, you can also not resort to the services of a designer. After all, the garage is a simple rectangular box. The best option is 4x6 m with a height of 2 m. If you build it for a minibus, then you can make the width and length a little larger (although this is not necessary), and the height - 2.5 m.

Construction project

To optimize construction costs, there is nothing left but to build a frame garage. In accordance with the dimensions, you need to calculate the number of racks. At the same time, do not forget that the spans between them must correspond to the width of the wall panels, taking into account the fact that they are fastened end-to-end, and the sandwich panels are overlapped (they have special locks for this purpose).

Today it is prestigious to have automatic lifting gates, but they are expensive. Therefore, if you decide to meet the minimum budget, then choose the cheaper option. You can purchase the same in appearance, but with a mechanical (manual) lifting of the gate leaf. But still, this element should not be neglected.

Automatic lifting gates

There is another constructive element that will help optimize the cost of construction. Instead of a gable roof, which requires the construction of a rather complex truss system, you can make a single-pitched roof. Under it, the truss system is much simpler. But do not neglect its strength, as this may affect the strength of the entire structure. The slope of a shed roof must be at least 25 ° so that an excessive snow load is not created on the structure and it does not collapse.

During construction, one should not forget that the floor must be above ground level so that neither rain nor ground water gets inside. To do this, it is not necessary to immediately make a concrete screed. You can strew the floor with rubble and tamp it down. Over time, when funds appear, it will be possible to make a screed on this crushed stone base.

Video: foam block construction

Sometimes new vehicle owners start thinking about how to quickly build a garage when rains and then colds are coming. You can quickly build a frame and sheathe it. This will take 2-3 weeks. But it is important to remember that the foundation, which is mandatory for any stationary structure, must be defended for at least 3 weeks until it gains 70% strength. Therefore, if you want to build a room for the rainy and cold season, you need to start work in the spring, as soon as the ground has completely thawed.

It is quite possible to build a comfortable garage yourself in a month. Of course, if there is an assistant, then the work will go faster and it is quite possible to meet within two weeks. The main thing is to decide on the choice of material.

Consider the most affordable materials from which to build a garage, with the lowest cost in terms of complexity:

• Finished metal structures can be installed in a day on a shallow foundation or concrete slabs. The disadvantage of such a building is the need for high-quality insulation and waterproofing.
• The corrugated board option will cost less, but welding will be required.
• Sandwich panel garage - fast and convenient. Insulated panels with a thickness of at least 100 mm are mounted on a metal frame. A foundation device for such a building is not required; a compacted crushed stone pillow is enough. For a private home, an ideal quick and convenient option at minimal cost.
• If there is access to inexpensive wood, then it is reliable and durable. Logs treated with antiseptic and fire retardants are not inferior to stone and brick in terms of thermal insulation and durability, and even better.
• A reliable and warm brick garage will cost more, for it you will need to fill in a strip or slab foundation and take care of an insulated roof. A foam concrete garage will cost less, but in this case you will have to think about high-quality insulation and waterproofing.

Let us consider in more detail each construction option, then it will be easier to decide which garage to build is more profitable for you.

If you compare by price, then cinder blocks are a budget choice. The principle of building from brick or stone is similar, so let's look at the construction of blocks step by step.

There are different block options on sale, but it is important to pay attention to their configuration. Solid blocks should be used for the foundation, they better withstand heavy loads, and hollow blocks for the walls of the garage.

Types of blocks and their characteristics:

• Materials pressed from blast-furnace slag, with the addition of perlite or polystyrene, are the most reliable and durable.
• After construction, the shell stone requires obligatory plastering of the walls from the inside and outside, but is famous for its excellent thermal insulation characteristics.
• Foam concrete is convenient and inexpensive, does not require finishing, keeps heat well.

The disadvantage of any block material is that it is not resistant to moisture. Even on dry soils, it is imperative to lay a layer of waterproofing on the foundation. With a high occurrence of groundwater on the site, it is an expensive pleasure - serious waterproofing is needed, it is better to choose other materials.

Foundation device

A brick garage (in one, half a brick) or cinder blocks can be safely laid on a reinforced strip foundation of medium depth. Tape width 40-45 cm, depth 50 cm, no less.

A building made of foam concrete or cinder block must be installed on a low hydro- and heat-insulated base to cut off moisture from the soil. An ordinary rolled roofing felt in two layers is perfect for construction.

After the foundation has been erected, the plinth is heat and vapor insulated with a special material. A universal version of hydro, heat and vapor barrier is a simple roofing material. For vapor barrier, you can choose a special membrane for foundations.

It is important to remember that it will take 28 to 30 days for the concrete to harden, depending on the weather. Therefore, it is better to fill the foundation in early spring, when the soil thaws, but there is still no heat. These are the best conditions for the perfect setting of concrete and the construction of any concrete base.

You can fill the base in the fall, but here you need to focus on the weather. Cinder blocks can only be mounted in dry weather, the material must not be allowed to get wet.

Masters advise a brick base for a garage - it is more reliable and durable. Plinth height, depending on soil moisture 10 - 20 cm.

Be sure to provide for a blind area, 50 cm wide

Wall construction, screed, roofing

Do-it-yourself block masonry is much easier and faster to do than brick or stone. If you need a warm garage, then we lay out the walls using the poke method in one stone. For the southern regions, the floor of the stone, laid by the spoon method, is quite enough.

Important. We install the gate before we start building walls. The same rule is observed when laying bricks.

For the north, it is necessary to build a wall of at least two stones, since a wall of one stone freezes at a temperature of -15 and above, serious insulation will be needed, which is not cheap.

To make the wall of the building even, first lay out the corners, and then lay the cinder blocks along the cord using the brickwork method with overlapping the seam of the bottom row.

The floor screed can also be poured with M200 cement, it is cheaper, but at least ten centimeters thick.

Brick or stone masonry

We also install walls made of brick or stone on a strip foundation of medium depth with the obligatory arrangement of a basement. Sequence and nuances:

• A plinth for brick and stone needs a height of at least 10 cm.
• It is important to lay roofing material waterproofing on top of the basement.
• Before the walls are built, the garage doors must be installed so that they are firmly embedded in the brickwork. Mortgage bars with a step of 30 cm are welded along the perimeter of the gate and embedded in the seams of the brickwork.
• We put the brick in the usual way (chain), starting from the corners.
• Masonry mortar: cement M400, not lower, in proportions of a bucket of cement to four buckets of sand. It is important that the solution is not liquid, the consistency of thick sour cream is better. For plasticity, you can add half a bucket of clay or milk of lime.
• The height of the wall at the gate is 250 cm, the slope towards the back wall to a height of two meters.

If you need a wall height of three meters or more, then the walls need to be reinforced with a metal mesh. The most reliable reinforcement option is every fifth row of brick laying.

The slope for the roof must be no less than five centimeters per meter of wall masonry. Standard slope for good water flow with a wall height difference of 30 centimeters.

Roof

We choose a shed roof based on the budget - slate will cost less, corrugated board will have to be additionally insulated with a layer of plywood or other sheathing material.

Ceilings for a garage can be made of wood, but metal beams are more reliable and durable. They are embedded in the walls to a depth of 10 cm. For cinder block walls, it is important to strengthen the installation site of the beam with a layer of concrete.

What else is important to pay attention to:

• The pitch of the floor beams is 80 cm with a slope along the level of the walls.
• Protrusion outside the walls at least 20 cm.
• Rough filing from unedged board 40 mm with a minimum of gaps.
• As a waterproofing on the boards - rolled roofing material.
• A layer of insulation along the roofing material - expanded clay, slag, mineral wool. It is undesirable to use polystyrene, it has zero air conductivity, which is dangerous for the garage.

All wooden structures must be painted or treated with a deep penetration antiseptic for wood. Building a garage with your own hands will cost 50 percent less than hiring a team of builders, but it will also take twice as long.

Prefabricated metal structures with different skins

The disadvantages of a metal garage are cold and high humidity. Building a garage from ready-made sheets on a frame is fast and convenient. On a frame welded from metal, two wall options can be installed:

• Sandwich panels are slabs of two profiled metal sheets with a layer of insulation inside.
• Decking - only marking PS or S is suitable for walls. Sheet rigidity is at least 20. For a light and durable structure, C-20 corrugated board is needed.

Solid concrete blocks or concrete slabs are suitable as a foundation for such a prefabricated structure. Some craftsmen are sure that there is simply no more reliable slab than a flooded slab monolithic foundation, 50 cm deep.

The frame posts are concreted into the foundation. Be sure to provide a blind area, up to 20 cm wide.

Sheets of corrugated board or sandwich panels are installed on the installed and welded frame using screws, rivets or bolts.

wooden garage

Building a wooden garage is inexpensive and fast. Now prefabricated structures using frame technology are very popular. Such buildings are light, do not require a serious foundation, and it is possible to insulate the walls.

Main important steps:

• The base can be monolithic reinforced on a sand or gravel pad with a blind area around the perimeter of 20 cm or made of cheap material - concrete blocks, from 30 cm thick.
• An inexpensive columnar foundation is also suitable for a frame garage.
• Since the tree warps from moisture, the main focus is on waterproofing the foundation and basement. Logs and boards must be treated with water-repellent impregnation and painted.
• Lay a waterproofing layer of roofing material around the entire perimeter of the foundation and along the plinth.
• Corner posts are made of timber, and the rest of the frame is made of boards 50x100, this is quite enough. A 25x100 board is also suitable for the upper logs, but the lower bars must be taken thicker.
• Lower harness with an interval of 120 cm.
• On the frame, you can mount any finishing material - facade siding or lining.
• A layer of vapor and waterproofing between the outer and inner skin - mineral wool in rolls or slabs, vapor barrier film and plain polyethylene.
• The roof can be installed both single-pitched and double-pitched, depending on the chosen building design.

From the inside, you can sheathe the frame with plywood sheets and paint with paint with the addition of flame retardants. In wooden garages, the gates are installed last so that the building does not lead under the weight of the metal.