Manufacture of stairs on a metal frame. How to make a metal staircase for a cottage? Tools and equipment

There are two main requirements for metal stairs: safety and comfort. Everything else: design, finish, constructive additions and accessories are secondary. When it comes to safety, first of all, strength is meant - and here metal steps for stairs are unrivaled. It is clear that the term "metal" covers more than one position, so let's consider the types and design features of all proposals that are present on the modern market.

Where are metal steps used?

The scope of metal steps is quite extensive:

• areas with a large flow of people in public buildings;
• auxiliary stairs in residential buildings;
• manufacturing enterprises.

Peculiarities

The strength of the elements has already been mentioned, which determines the second most important characteristic - this is a long service life. Other features include the following:

• street structures are resistant to icing;
• it is possible to use anti-slip technologies;
• well amenable to ongoing repairs.

Types of steps

The classification of metal steps is carried out according to different parameters. According to the material used:

• aluminum;
• stainless steel (GOST 5632-72);
• from galvanized steel (GOST 14918-80),
• from low-alloy structural steel (GOST 380-60).

Aluminum steps for stairs have a low specific weight, which makes it possible to save on load-bearing structures by using small profiles.

Aluminum steps are light, strong and durable, but relatively expensive

Stainless steel steps have a pure metallic color, which greatly distinguishes them from the general range, moreover, they are not adversely affected by humidity. And this is an additional plus that manufacturers use in the manufacture of steps for flights of stairs intended for wet rooms.

Stainless steel is suitable for use even in rooms with wet processes - swimming pools, saunas, baths, etc.

Galvanized steel performs well in outdoor conditions, as it is not afraid of precipitation.

Ladder made of galvanized steel

Structural steel is used in the construction of objects with high loads.

It should be noted that the attitude towards stainless steel steps is ambiguous. On the one hand - beauty, reliability and long-term operation. On the other hand, these are the most expensive models, not everyone can afford.

Separation by design features

The main criteria for the design of steps include strength and anti-slip properties. That is, the surface does not have to be smooth. This can be achieved in a variety of ways, the most common being the following:

1. lattice structure;
2. profiled;
3. mesh.

grating

Everyone knows what a grid is. These are metal strips or rods woven together that make up cells of different sizes and shapes. The latter can be square, rectangular, in the form of a rhombus or a polygon. Basically, such steps are used for street stairs, because thanks to the cellular structure, water does not accumulate and ice does not form.

In private housing construction, gratings are used to finish the entrance stairs and porch. At the same time, street elements must be treated with anti-slip compounds or gratings with a rough surface or notches are used in their design, as shown in the photo below.

Notches on the surface of the steps prevent slipping

For internal metal stairs, lattice steps made of aluminum or stainless steel are installed. The first option is preferable because it reduces the load on the supporting structure.

corrugated sheet

This steel material is topped with bulges. They can have different shapes and sizes, be located randomly or in one system. The main task of the manufacturer is to create surfaces with high anti-slip properties. It is the bulges that create this effect.

Corrugated steel sheet is practical, durable and corrosion resistant

The sheets are simply cut into the shape and size of the steps, which fit into the prepared frame, made from a steel profile, often from a corner. They are welded to the frame or fastened with a bolted connection.

It should be noted that the use of corrugated steps on the streets is not recommended. They do not have through holes through which water could drain. But inside the production facilities, this material has found wide application.

Profiled gratings

This variety includes metal sheets, mainly steel and aluminum, which, as it were, are pierced in small sections during the production process. And one or both walls of the puncture rise up. That is, a protrusion of a small size is formed. And since there are many such protrusions, a plane with an anti-slip effect is formed on the surface of the sheet.

Expanded profiled flooring has improved anti-slip properties

Such a process in production is called punching. When creating steps, the sheet is usually cut to the size and shape of the future product and bent along the edges, creating attachment planes.

The metal notch for stairs must be selected taking into account the height of the protruding metal and the size of the holes. The more holes and the higher the wall is raised, the better the anti-slip effect.

Typically, such steps are used on street staircases, because they freely pass water. But they also find their application in production halls with high humidity.

mesh steps

As a rule, these structures are not distinguished as a separate type, because according to GOST they belong to profiled sheets. They have a completely different hole formation technology. It is called expanded metal, and the sheets themselves are marked as PVL, that is, expanded metal sheets. In production, holes are first made in galvanized or stainless sheets, and then they are pulled by the edges in opposite directions, stretching and forming a grid.

The profile-drawn sheet prevents slipping due to notches

At the same time, the sheet itself becomes longer, due to which its weight is reduced by 1 m², which reduces the specific gravity of the product. And this is again savings in terms of choosing the size of the supporting profiles. We add that the size of cells in PVL can be different. And the larger they are, the lighter the mesh sheet itself.

metal corners

The most critical section of the degree is the outer leading edge. If it is wet or covered with ice, then the foot is likely to slip off. Therefore, it is recommended to equip the steps with metal corners, which are made of different alloys.

Purpose and types

• Iron profiled corner. An excellent option, wear-resistant, with an increased service life. The only negative is that raw steel corrodes on the street.

Installation of anti-slip corners

There are no difficulties here. Steel are attached by welding or screws to the front panel of the frame. Aluminum and brass are also attached to the front bar with screws or bolts. Rubber are glued with a special adhesive, which is called galoshes. In this case, vulcanization technologies are used, that is, with the use of thermal energy.

How to fasten steps to the frame of the stairs

Usually metal steps are part of an iron staircase. Therefore, two metal elements can be fixed in two ways:

• electric welding,
• with a bolted connection.

It is the second option that is most often used, because in this way the maintainability of products is achieved. That is, if one part fails, it can be easily replaced with a new one. So it is with the steps: if they are welded to the supporting beams or support posts, then cutting them off will be problematic. Moreover, the welding seam is usually located at the bottom so that it is not visible.

With a bolted connection it is easier - you just need to unscrew the nut from the bolt. The main task of the manufacturer is to determine the number of fastening sections and their exact location relative to the supporting elements. Usually, steps are attached to each beam with two bolts located at the same distance relative to the abutment planes. It is necessary that the bolt heads are located on the side of the stringers (strings or racks), and the nuts under the steps.

Iron or metal stairs- an essential attribute for the second floor of private houses, cottages, townhouses. Due to their high strength, wear resistance, fire safety, these structures are also suitable for arranging premises with high traffic - for shopping centers, commercial buildings, offices. In addition, ladders on metal pipes are used as a way to climb to the attic, roof, adjoining buildings.

Zzavod "SilaMet" offers stair structures made of metal of the following varieties:

	screw. They may be round or square. Save interfloor space. They are considered elegant and stylish decoration of residential and office premises ( ).
	Modular with metal steps. Considered a classic. Suitable for home or commercial interiors. Easy to install and maintain.
	Marching on a metal frame equipped with platforms and marches (spans). Easily designed for any, both large and compact premises. They are considered a safe and durable type of construction ().
	Combined stairs. They can be welded with metal bowstrings or balusters. The manufacture of such structures is carried out to order according to individual technical parameters.

When choosing a staircase for production or for home, spiral or combined, take a look at our catalog. We set reasonable prices for these metal structures and guarantee their impeccable quality.

Iron stairs: installation and production rules

When ordering iron stairs, it is important to choose not only their project, design, but also a company that will strictly follow the rules and regulations of construction when installing them. So, for load-bearing beams, stronger and thicker steel, pipes with a rectangular section or a channel will be required. You also need to take care of the choice of reliable fasteners. In addition, the street staircase can additionally be coated with special paints that protect it from corrosion.

Knowing all these features, our craftsmen will produce stair structures according to your wishes, which will look flawless and remain reliable and safe for many years.

If you are building a multi-storey building, you will need a ladder, without which it will be impossible to move around the house. A worthy alternative to creaky wooden structures is a metal flight of stairs. Naturally, working with a metal frame will be more difficult than with a wooden one, but with the right preparation, you can make the structure yourself. Just imagine how your family and friends will be surprised.

And in a private house, stairs to the second floor can be made without any problems, and most often they are made of metal. This design will serve you and your family for a long time and reliably.

Metal frame features

Metal products have their own unique technical characteristics, thanks to which it is possible to manufacture a ladder structure of different sizes and almost any configuration. In addition, stairs made of metal, of any size and shape, will look quite light. They are easy to make. You will not have any problems making a ladder if you have at least minimal experience with a grinder and a welding machine.

In the manufacture of these structures from a metal profile, various materials can be used, such as, for example, profile pipes. This is the most suitable option for indoor interfloor spaces, both private and commercial.

Structurally, flights of stairs made of metal do not differ much from flights of wood and concrete. In the manufacture of all these products, the same design and calculation standards are used. It will only be necessary to correctly draw up a drawing, taking into account all the requirements for the design.

Advantages and disadvantages

Metal stairs tend to be more used in outdoor or industrial applications due to their strength and durability. But recently, in private construction, along with wooden ones, they began to use metal ones.

If you have not yet decided on the choice of material, it is worth considering some of the advantages of metal. The main advantage is the long service life. You will not have to bear additional costs, because the technology does not involve the use of additional equipment. The manufacturing process makes it possible to produce unique shapes of balusters and supports. It allows you to combine various elements of decor.

One of the advantages is the possibility of combining. Metal structures go well with finishes made of different materials, such as glass, stone, wood. And the use of a steel frame with products made of concrete, stone and wood is also popular.

Their pluses include a fairly simple assembly process. In their manufacture, pipes of various diameters, steel profiles, reinforcing steel and also metal sheets of various thicknesses, angle steel, channels and other profiles can be used.

Painting, in turn, requires a significant investment of time and effort. After all, first you have to clean all the elements of the product from rust. This is laborious and long work, but it must be done. Failure to clean before painting will result in cracks and rust on the new paint.

It is necessary to determine what is the plus and minus of metal stairs. After all, experienced builders and designers will be able to turn any disadvantage into dignity.

Basic structural elements

In the manufacture of any iron staircase, both mandatory and optional elements are used. Of the main elements, it is necessary to name first of all steps and load-bearing beams (or other supports). Beams are inclined (string) or can rest on the floor under the stairs. In addition, the stairs are attached to the ceiling or wall with metal bolts.

The bearing component of the spiral staircase is considered to be the central pillar, on which the steps are “strung”. In order for the steps to be strong and withstand the capital load, planks or supports are attached to them from below as stiffeners. After all, handrails, like fences in general, are not always placed, but their implementation makes it possible to prevent falls. These elements of the stairs, especially the handrail, which guarantees the rigidity of the entire railing, must have an excellent margin of safety. At the same time, the main pillars, which are also used for the rigidity of the fence, are considered the necessary elements of the ladder structure.

The main pillars are divided into 3 types:

• starting at the bottom of the stairs;
• corner on the turns of the stairs;
• finishing at the top of the stairs.

Risers are used quite rarely, stairs are increasingly being made through - with the presence of gaps between the steps.

For the sake of a decorative result, fittings are sometimes installed - additional components of the stairs, decorative handrails and finishing it along the edges. Thus, the main elements of the stairs are steps, load-bearing structures and fasteners.

Kinds

In metal stairs there are only two types of frame: open and closed.

• Open frame after complete assembly and installation of the stairs, it remains visible. When installing a frame of this type, it is required to carefully carry out welding work and carefully weld the seams, and then clean and remove all rust and paint over the entire frame.
• Closed frames stairs are much easier to build, because they do not need to be ennobled, since they will be completely closed. To make this frame, you only need a channel with corners and the right tool. After finishing and installation, such a staircase cannot be distinguished from that made of wood.

You can also note the types of evacuation products. They must be equipped with a special platform.

Of the many designs of stairs, first of all, marching products should be indicated. There are several ways to make them. For example, in a staircase made of a profile pipe, stepped stringers can be welded on the sides. Such a march looks light and neat, it is easy to mount steps to it.

The most common option is the use of straight bowstrings, they are placed under the bottom of the treads. In this case, it is most convenient to use a round pipe or channel for manufacturing. First, one or two bowstrings should be fixed to the floor and ceiling in the house. To install the steps, fillies are welded. It is possible to do it differently by fixing them with screws or by welding steps between two bowstrings.

In order to create a structure on stringers, the same materials are used as in the manufacture of bowstrings. When two kosour are used, they are set in the same way as the bowstring, but not to the width of the march. The ends are not closed with support beams. For the manufacture of supports for steps, corners are required that bend at 90 degrees. And so-called scarves are obtained, which are welded to the supports.

The screw design differs from the rest in its decorative effect and compactness. Usually these products are installed in country houses due to their simple manufacture and low color.

For its manufacture, only a support is needed. A pipe is well suited, to which profiles (an I-beam or corners) are welded for further installation of steps. Steps can be fixed in several ways, bolted or laid in a pre-prepared frame.

For convenient movement on the stairs, steps should be made winder. It will not be difficult to do it yourself, because the metal structure is easily configurable.

Stairs on the bolts, the steps in this version are attached directly to the load-bearing wall with special bolts.

Regardless of the type of ladder, it should only be supported on floors to create additional structural reliability. Sometimes they even erect a separate load-bearing partition made of concrete and brick.

Create a project

Special programs change firms, with the help of them 3D construction is carried out. In such a model, it is easy to change the size of some individual elements. After the option is approved, the working drawing and specification of the stairs are produced by the program.

Without the help of the program, we have to do the calculations. Consider a simple design option - a single-flight straight staircase. We know the usual requirements for step height and depth. The best angle of inclination is 30 - 45 degrees. Measurements are performed between two points: from the beginning to the end of the stairs at floor level (let's denote a) and the height between floors (b), then the length is even (d). We need to determine the length of the ladder.

Using the equation: (a) squared + (b) squared = (d) squared - our length is calculated. We calculate the required number of steps using this formula, as a result, the height of the step will be 179 mm or 167 mm. The overhang is the part of the upper step that hangs over the lower one. The optimal size of the overhang is 3-5 cm. The size of the steps will be increased by the width of the so-called overhang. We get the basic parameters that we need to determine the amount of materials. For two stringers, we need a profile pipe. From the corners, which we strengthen with reinforcement for reliability, we will weld the supports for the steps (filly). We make these steps and risers from 4 mm iron and then sheathe them with wood.

First of all, you must prepare a modular scheme of work. You need to calculate the amount of material that you need. Such a step-by-step instruction, created on the basis of the recommendations of experts, will help you do the job not only efficiently, but also quickly.

Tools and equipment

Before starting work, prepare all the tools required for this. First you need a welding machine. Beginners, most likely, master inverter-type devices - they are easier to use. With suitable work experience, you can use any other apparatus suitable for welding the metal you use.

Also prepare a saw, a grinder and an emery wheel. If you start making wooden steps, additionally prepare clamps, a drill with a set of drills, self-tapping screws, a circular saw.

Manufacturing

It is recommended to practice before starting work, to fill your hand, get used to the device: all these actions should be carried out on third-party objects. After you have mastered the basic techniques for performing welding, only then should you start finishing work.

A certain sequence should be observed in the work:

• cut blanks to size;
• production of knots for fastening steps (fillies);
• corners should be welded;
• to make installation of kosour;
• steps and railings should be welded;
• cleaning, grinding;
• primer and paint.

First of all, we make knots for fastening steps (filly) from the corners. In order not to spoil the stairs, distortions should be excluded. Fillies must be identical and mirrored relative to each other. We make fillies from a steel corner, to start sampling it is worth cutting it out, after which the corners should be joined together.

As a result, you should have L-shaped welded assemblies with shelves deep and downwards. The shelves deep and upwards of the filly are welded for steps made of concrete, as well as decorating with porcelain stoneware or ceramic tiles. This design will require 14 pairs of these nodes - in every pair, one support will be right, and every second will be left. We weld the fasteners of the step and the crossbar between each pair of corners. The crossbar is also made from a corner.

You can also increase the fortress with the help of small scarves, which are placed at the bottom of the steps in the direction of each stringer.

We make markings along the edge of the profile square pipe and weld the fillies to the edge of the kosour along it. We attach the second to the first kosour with attached fillies, and accurately transfer the markup. So we get the correct geometry of all parts. Our width is 900 millimeters, and two stringers are completely enough for us. We weld fillies to the second kosour. We control them by level. Then we weld the stringers with the lower end to the main platform.

When choosing an interfloor staircase for a private house, it is not always possible to find a ready-made model that perfectly meets all the requirements. In such cases, the best solution is to order a staircase on a metal frame, which will be made taking into account the layout, interior features and personal wishes of the customer. At the same time, the choice of design and design features is practically unlimited.

The manufacture of stairs on a metal frame is a rather complicated and time-consuming process, but the finished structure is much stronger and more durable than a completely wooden one. Even street stairs of this type serve for several decades. With the individual manufacture of stairs on a metal frame, the price is slightly higher, but it will fit perfectly into the interior and correspond to the characteristics of the building.

Peculiarities

The main difference from completely wooden stairs is the metal base, which provides high strength in a compact size. The manufacture of stairs on a metal frame is becoming an increasingly popular service, since they have a number of significant advantages over wooden counterparts.

Advantages:

• high strength, reliability and durability;
• resistance to natural factors (humidity, temperature changes, sunlight);
• simple installation (you can assemble it yourself);
• compact dimensions;
• complete absence of a creak.

The staircase, which has a metal frame with wooden steps, does not contain rubbing surfaces made of wood, due to which creaking is completely eliminated. After the final assembly, it turns into a strong and stable structure that can withstand heavy loads for many years.

Available Options

The Prelestnitsa company is engaged in the sale of finished stairs, as well as the development and assembly of individual configurations for any layout. The production of stairs on a metal frame is one of our main services, using which you can get a high-quality staircase for a house or street from any material. Our designers will take into account all the features of your interior, so that the finished staircase will delight you not only with functionality, but also with stylish design.

The manufacture of stairs on a metal frame is carried out according to one of two technologies:

1. Closed. In structures of this type, the metal frame is completely hidden by steps, risers and side cladding. Thanks to this, there is no need to worry about the aesthetics of metal elements. Massive beams and rough welds can be used, reducing the cost of construction without sacrificing strength. Racks and stringers are made of a durable channel, and supports for steps are made of a steel angle.
2. Open. This is an air structure without side skins and risers, so that all internal elements are fully visible. The aesthetic properties of the metal frame are important here. Its design is carefully worked out, and powder coating is used for coating.

Variations of frameworks with one kosour or two are possible. In the first case, there is only one carrier beam. It is located in the center, and fasteners for steps are installed on it. The open staircase, which has a metal frame with wooden steps, looks as airy and elegant as possible. Stairs with two stringers look less elegant, but the whole structure and individual steps can withstand increased loads.

iron frame staircase design

A modern house is not just a home, but also a work of art, so it is very important that each element of the interior matches the overall style. The Prelestnitsa company manufactures stairs on a metal frame, the design of which looks great in any classic or modern interior.

The basic design and materials are selected based on the wishes of the customer. Our consultants will help you choose the perfect option that will most closely match your taste and financial capabilities. Regardless of the choice, you will get a staircase that will look stylish and blend well with the interior.

Price

The cost of the materials from which stairs are made varies widely. But for such a service as the manufacture of stairs on a metal frame, the price depends not only on the materials, but also on a number of other factors:

1. Height and other dimensions. The staircase is a very resource-intensive structure, so the dimensions have a significant impact on its cost.
2. The complexity of the design. The manufacture of stairs on a metal frame to order requires careful calculations and the study of a large number of elements. The more complex the design, the more time-consuming the development and manufacturing process becomes.
3. Steps. The cost of steps directly depends on the wood from which they are made. Oak is the highest quality and most expensive wood species for this application.
4. Material and shape of the fence. When ordering the manufacture of stairs on a metal frame from us, you can choose railings of various designs made of wood, stainless or chrome steel, glass and other materials.
5. Color and type of coating. Paints and varnishes can differ in cost by several times, painting technology can also be quite expensive. The most expensive are usually bright colors.
6. Mounting. Depending on the complexity of assembling stairs on a metal frame, the price can also vary within certain limits, although in most cases such structures are installed quite simply and the assembly is free of charge.

How to order?

Outdoor metal stairs

During construction, it is necessary to take into account all the nuances in as much detail as possible so that the staircase is safe and effectively performs its functions. Properly calculated and mounted design will last a long time. The possibilities of metal are endless for the implementation of design ideas.

Consider the features of street stairs on a metal frame, their types.

Peculiarities

An outdoor metal staircase is a very important part of a home's exterior. Like any ladder, it must have a certain set of characteristics. In outdoor conditions, metal is ideal for making stairs, because it is a strong, durable material. Also, with the help of metal forging, you can make a model of a non-standard configuration.

Our company is engaged in the manufacture of outdoor stairs on a metal frame, has experience in implementing design features of any complexity. For customers with a small budget, we offer standard stairs. Although there is also a way out of this situation - you can add railings or handrails of the original form. Our experts have mounted a huge number of structures in different conditions, so entrust the installation of stairs to us! Then it will meet all safety requirements. We will give a 10 year guarantee.

Kinds

There are several types of outdoor metal stairs. Depending on the intended purpose, there are relevant requirements for the materials from which they are made, and recommended design features. Choosing the final option is easy when you know the exact purpose of the ladder structure.

Stairs are:

• Attic. It connects the attic with the street, it can be 2-3 floors high.
• To the second floor. Connects the second floor of the house with the street - sometimes it's just necessary. When the house is small, the stairs take up too much space. Or if the design of the house does not provide for it.
• To the first floor. It connects the porch of a country house and the street, it can be up to 2 meters in height, depending on the presence of a basement.
• Basement. Combines basements and street.

Metal stairs come with a platform, as well as without it. According to the type of material from which they are made, there are steel, iron. According to the purpose of the appointment, technical, screw, exclusive are distinguished. For evacuation, to save space and to give the exterior of the house a unique decorative beauty.

How to purchase

To buy an outdoor metal staircase, leave a request on the website or call us. After talking with our manager, send a photo of the place where you want to place the structure, and we will prepare the most suitable offer for you. We also work on design projects. We can realize the project that you like, according to the photo. We give a 10 year warranty on our work.