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Using a press to make apple juice. DIY apple press DIY citrus press

There are various juice press designs. The main home-made designs are screw or using a jack. A good option when using a pneumatic jack or a rubber chamber and a compressor. There are options for using a centrifuge, for example, an old washing machine. The press or juicers should not crush the seeds and ridges that are in the pulp. Depending on the expected volumes of processing of raw materials for juice or wine, choose the design of the device for squeezing juice that you like. The cooking process in any case is divided into two stages: 1. Preparation of pulp (grinding raw materials); 2. Actually the extraction itself is getting juice.

Screw structures of the press for squeezing juice

Usually the press consists of a pressing mechanism, a basket, a base and a pressing board. The basket serves as a pulp receiver and is installed on the base of the press. There is also a tray for flowing juice. The bottom and side walls of the basket are lined with a whole piece of burlap without gaps. The ends of the fabric should hang over the edges of the basket. Then the pulp is loaded into the basket and covered with the ends of the burlap. A wooden circle is placed on top, on which the head of the press is lowered.

Screw press with metal basket. Device: 1. Screw; 2. Bed; 3. Chute for juice flow; 4. Shopping cart

screw press with woodenbasket. Device: 1. Screw; 2. Bed; 3. Basket; 4. Chute for juice flow

Frame screw press. Device: 1. Packages with crushed raw materials; 2. Screw; 3. Bed; 4 drainage grids; 5. Chute for juice flow

Design juice screw press clear from the drawings. Here is an example of another homemade juice press. The press consists of two rack-pipes with a diameter of 22 mm. From above, a U-shaped profile bent from 3 mm steel is welded to the pipes. The height of the profile is chosen in such a way that the screw nut pressed into the steel bushing is freely placed inside. A clamp is welded to the bottom of each rack. With the help of these two clamps, the press is attached to the windowsill. A head with a hole for a handle is welded to the screw on one side, and on the other, a stop is attached, which compresses the raw material.

1 - clamp; 2 - pipe-rack; 3 - crossbar; 4 - screw; 5 - emphasis; 6 - table; 7 - sleeve with a pressed nut.

To collect the squeezed juice, a leaky 3-4 liter enamel pan is suitable (Fig. a). It is necessary to drill a hole in the bottom and fix a fitting with a hose in it to collect the juice.
The basket (fig. b) is made of stainless steel sheet 2 mm thick, bandages-rings made of stainless wire with a diameter of 4 mm are welded to it from above and below. The rings allow the basket to "evenly" fit inside the pan. The walls of the pan are perforated with a drill with a diameter of 3 mm (in random order).

To get a good harvest - as well as growing strawberries at home. The work of squeezing the juice is as follows. The press body is fixed with clamps on the windowsill in the kitchen (you can also install the press on the table). The screw with the stop is unscrewed to the stop. A basket is placed in the pan, and a gasket is placed on the bottom of the latter and a napkin made of durable fabric is placed on it. Next, crushed raw materials (apples, fruits, herbs, berries) are placed on a napkin in an amount of 0.5 ... 1 kg. The napkin is folded into an envelope, the portion is covered with a drainage pad, on which the next napkin is placed. There should be 3 such packages, while the top package can rise above the pan by 4 ... 6 cm. Putting a gasket on the top package, the pan is installed under the press screw. Yes, I completely forgot to say about the spacer (a circle of wood), which is placed under the basket (otherwise the pan may become unusable when the screw is tightened). When creating pressure, the screw must be turned slowly and smoothly, watching the juice flow out. Having finished squeezing the juice, the screw is turned up, the pan is transferred to the table, the cake is removed from the napkins. Depending on the type and quality of raw materials, in one cycle, using a home-made screw press for squeezing juice, it is possible to squeeze 1.2 ... 1.8 liters of juice, and in 1 hour - up to 12 ... 15 liters.

wedge fruit juice press

It is necessary to arrange wooden goats on four legs B 1 m high. At the top, these legs are connected by a thick (9-10 cm) board A, the width of which is 30 cm and a length of about 1 m. In the board we make a longitudinal slot G 10-12 cm wide and long 40 cm. In this slot we insert two boards B (thickness 9-10 cm), hewn from above and below. In the lower part, we connect both boards with an iron bracket b or, even simpler, with a thick rope. In order for the boards to hold and not fall into the slot, we skip iron pins or wooden bushings in their upper part. Then we make several wedges of different thicknesses from hardwoods - and the press is ready. It works like this: having parted boards B, we insert a bag of strong canvas filled with pulp between them. Then, driving wedges into the slot, we squeeze the boards. Thus, the pulp is strongly compressed. The juice flows down into the substituted tub or pot.

Making a simple lever juicer

We take two birch boards, the length of the main board is 1 m, the width is 300 mm, the thickness is 100 mm. The second board, which serves as a lever, is 1.5 m long, 170 mm wide and 20 mm thick. In the main board we make grooves for the drain of juice (Fig. a) with a depth of 10-15 mm and a length of 300 mm. We strengthen this board obliquely either on separate racks or on a special table. To it, with the help of a hinge and a spacer board, we attach a second lever board (Fig. b). Got a lever press. We put 4-5 apples or some other fruits in the opening, press the lever, and the juice flows down the grooves into the substituted container.

In conclusion, examples the simplest juicer requiring no description. For Home Winemakers - A Guide to Making Homemade Grape Wine

If you don't have an electric juicer, you can quickly and easily process a large apple crop into juice using a press.

This problem also arises among winemakers, among whom there are no people willing to process berries manually. It is quite possible to make a juice press on your own, eliminating additional expenses for the purchase of equipment, which is quite expensive today. How the juice press works

Manual type screw juicers can be made according to different technologies, in the process, parts are used like old containers, tanks from washing machines, as well as pots and planks.

In some cases, structures are performed using a jack.

Homemade juice press

A simple do-it-yourself juice press

Screw structures of the press for squeezing juice

Screw press with metal basket. Device: 1. Screw; 2. Bed; 3. Chute for juice flow; 4. Shopping cart

screw press with wooden basket. Device: 1. Screw; 2. Bed; 3. Basket; 4. Chute for juice flow

Frame screw press. Device: 1. Packages with crushed raw materials; 2. Screw; 3. Bed; 4 drainage grids; 5. Chute for juice flow

1 - clamp; 2 - pipe-rack; 3 - crossbar; 4 - screw; 5 - emphasis; 6 - table; 7 - sleeve with a pressed nut.

Gaskets (Fig. C), which separate the portions of the raw materials loaded into the basket, consist of two discs of 2 mm stainless steel, connected by spot welding. Holes were drilled in the disks with a drill with a diameter of 3 mm, gaskets 4 mm thick were provided between the disks (gaskets are also made of stainless steel). In general, all parts of the screw press are made of stainless steel, a tank from an old washing machine is quite suitable. To get a good harvest - as well as growing strawberries at home. The work of squeezing the juice is as follows. The press body is fixed with clamps on the windowsill in the kitchen (you can also install the press on the table). The screw with the stop is unscrewed to the stop. A basket is placed in the pan, and a gasket is placed on the bottom of the latter and a napkin made of durable fabric is placed on it. Next, crushed raw materials (apples, fruits, herbs, berries) are placed on a napkin in an amount of 0.5 ... 1 kg. The napkin is folded into an envelope, the portion is covered with a drainage pad, on which the next napkin is placed. There should be 3 such packages, while the top package can rise above the pan by 4 ... 6 cm. Putting a gasket on the top package, the pan is installed under the press screw. Yes, I completely forgot to say about the spacer (a circle of wood), which is placed under the basket (otherwise the pan may become unusable when the screw is tightened). When creating pressure, the screw must be turned slowly and smoothly, watching the juice flow out. Having finished squeezing the juice, the screw is turned up, the pan is transferred to the table, the cake is removed from the napkins. Depending on the type and quality of raw materials, in one cycle, using a home-made screw press for squeezing juice, it is possible to squeeze 1.2 ... 1.8 liters of juice, and in 1 hour - up to 12 ... 15 liters.

Is it possible to make an apple juicer with your own hands? Of course, more than that, anyone can handle it. The material below will be of interest to summer residents, people who have subsidiary gardening and love apple juice in unlimited quantities throughout the year.

Device features

If we are talking about making juice from seasonal fruits in an amount of up to 2 liters, then electric auger juicers, presented on the shelves of any large hardware store, will help here. But if it is necessary to squeeze juice from a large number of apples, and household appliances are not suitable, then the head and improvised materials come to the rescue. A large number of apples requires a highly productive and reliable juicer.

One of the main advantages of a homemade device is with little or no investment, if all available materials are available. In the event of a malfunction or breakdown, it is possible to repair the device yourself.

Before you start making a homemade juicer, you need to understand the principle of its operation and know how what elements must be provided and installed in the process of its creation:

the first necessary part is a chopper;
in fact, a press, which produces juice from the fruit;
something like a filter, in this case you can use gauze, a sieve, a colander or make it yourself with a drill and stainless steel;
the last required element is a container in which freshly squeezed apple juice should be collected.

Kinds

Homemade juicers are divided into 4 types: mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic and electro-hydraulic. The most commonly produced at home are mechanical type juicers. Such models are large in size and are divided into two types: centrifugal machines, where the apple is crushed in a centrifuge, and then a press or screw products come into action, which produce the necessary juice through the complete processing of the fruit.

A big plus of screw machines is that they give the maximum amount of juice, and after the end of work there is no need to clean and rinse them, like centrifugal ones. Please note that the option with a screw apparatus is more costly and time-consuming to create, requiring the use of a machine and certain knowledge.

How to do it yourself?

One of the easiest ways to quickly build a juicer is the old folk method. This requires a wooden or metal container, a sieve and a manual screw press, under which the fruits are poured, and by means of human power juice is squeezed out of them. Any hard material can act as a press (an old grindstone, a wooden circle of their hardwood, a metal product), the desired shape is round.

In the manufacture of this model, only the creation of a screw press will take time. To do this, you will need the so-called support frame, metal or wood, the screw itself, preferably with a tightening handle, and a support board, the diameter of which must correspond to the dimensions of the inside of the container. If there is a welding machine and a metal sheet, then the above-described screw mechanism, as well as a metal profile for fixing the base board, can be welded, which also does not take much time and effort.

You can use an old but working jack as a press, which is attached to the frame from above to the base board.

Among homemade automatic apple juicers, a popular option is to use elements of an old or broken washing machine of any type. What is needed for its manufacture:

take the drum of the machine, better known as the centrifuge, and an intact casing (tank);
in the tank itself, it is imperative to close all unnecessary holes and holes in any way, leaving only one through which the finished juice will flow out during the extraction;
if the filter mesh has been preserved in the tank in a satisfactory condition, then it can be moved and installed on the drain of the product;
the presence or independent production of fasteners;
ball bearings, if the old ones are in order, we use them or purchase new ones.

Please note that all materials that are removed from the washing machine must be thoroughly cleaned, while removing washing powder, elements of rust, oils, scale.

Assembling an automatic juicer has its own nuances:

installation of a DC motor with a power of at least 11 kW;
making a frame for attaching the casing, it is best to weld it from metal corners;
all electrical contacts must be well insulated, if possible, use corrugation;
before switching on, it is necessary to check the correctness of the assembled apparatus, the electrical network must provide the required voltage;
after assembling the device, it is necessary to rinse it well and make the first idle start.

The product is ready for use. Do not forget that after each squeeze, the drum must be washed and cleaned. A product of this type shows great productivity: within half an hour you can process 2-3 buckets of apples and get natural fruit juice.

There is another simple option for creating a juicer to get your favorite apple drink. We take a conventional mixer, attach 2 bolts to its lower part, connect it to an electric drill and grind apples in a container (bucket, deep basin, tank). The resulting mushy liquid is placed in a cloth bag and in a new container, preferably with holes in the bottom for juice to flow out.

Fruit preparation

Before squeezing the juice, apples must be carefully sorted out, since rotten fruits will subsequently negatively affect the taste of the future drink. After selection, the fruits must be thoroughly washed and allowed to drain. It is advisable to cut large apples into pieces, the core can not be removed, but in this case, after receiving the juice, it will be necessary to drive it through a dense filter to remove seeds, the peel from the apples is also not removed.

Once all the juice is stacked, run it through a filter. However, if it is planned to prepare juice with pulp, and the cores of the fruits have been removed in advance, then the finished drink may not be driven through the filter. To preserve the nutrients in the resulting juice, it is better to pasteurize it, but do not boil it.

How to make a juicer with your own hands, see the following video.

Apple trees periodically give amateur gardeners such a large-scale harvest that the excess fruit has nowhere to go. In addition to jam and compotes, there is another option for processing fruits - juice. But many do not associate with this type of blanks due to the high labor intensity of the process. Ordinary household juicers simply cannot cope with a large amount of raw materials, and not everyone is ready to buy a professional device for the season. But there is a great option - to quickly and efficiently squeeze juice from apples on a do-it-yourself press.

What materials will be required

To make a standard press yourself does not require special skills and drawings. Anyone can measure, saw off a rail, hammer a nail or screw a nut if desired. It is not necessary to own a welding machine, any design can be reproduced in a wooden version with common garden tools .

To make a home press from tools, you will need a hacksaw for wood and metal (or a grinder), a welding machine, screwdrivers, pliers, a hammer. As for the materials, the following are mainly used:

metal channel;
wooden bars, slats, boards;
self-tapping screws, bolts and nuts;
tank or barrel, stainless steel sheet;
bench screw and nut, valve, threaded rod or jack - depending on the chosen design;
durable fabric with good drainage properties for bags for apples: coarse calico, cotton, jute burlap, linen.

It is better to make wooden elements from oak, birch or beech, since materials from biologically active tree species (spruce, pine) can change the taste of juice. Under no circumstances should drainage grates be made from chipboard: fine dust impregnated with phenol-formaldehyde glue will get into the product.

Types of structures: diagrams and drawings

The main thing in the press is a solid foundation and a working mechanism.

The principle of operation of the device:

layer by layer through the drainage gratings the prepared raw material is placed for pressing(chopped apples) in cloth bags;
by means of a mechanism oppression descends from above and squeezes juice.

A good press squeezes out 65-70% of the juice, leaving an almost dry pulp. It is quite possible to make one with your own hands.

The designs of a homemade press differ according to the principle of operation of the main mechanism:

Screw.
Based on the jack: mechanical and hydraulic.
Combined.

In the bulk of structures, the pressure is from above, but in the combined version, compression goes in two directions: using a screw mechanism on top and a hydraulic jack on the bottom.

Juice press consists of the following parts:

sustainable bed;
square or cylindrical frame, inside which sacks of chopped apples are stacked;
wooden lattices, with which the bags are shifted so that they do not spread;
piston-gne t, directly exerting pressure on the cake;
thrust bearing for a jack;
working mechanism: screw with handle, mechanical or hydraulic jack;
bowl-tray.

The main body can be:

single perforated: juice through the holes will flow down the walls and through the bottom into the pan;

double: a solid casing with a slightly larger diameter is put on a perforated metal cylinder;
in the form of a solid metal body with one drain hole at the bottom;
assembled from wooden slats connected by hoops, − barrel. The walls at the same time perform the functions of a drainage grate.

Corps may not exist at all.- just a pyramid of wooden lattice frames in a tray with a mouth at the bottom, under which a container for juice is substituted.

This design is easy and quick to install. For the bottom plate, you can take a piece of countertop, for example.

Worm mechanism or hydraulic jack: what to choose?

The screw (worm) mechanism in the press is implemented in the form of a large screw (threaded axle) with a nut or a mechanical jack. The latter option is much simpler - you can buy it in a spare parts store or get it out of the trunk of a car, you don’t need to look for anything, adjust, grind and weld.

Structures based on a hydraulic jack are much more productive(force from 1t) than mechanical ones, and require a minimum of labor costs on the part of a person. Bottle hydraulic jacks make it possible to squeeze juice quickly and in large volumes. They fit comfortably into any design.

You can design a press with a removable mechanism, then you don’t have to specially buy a jack, but you can use the attendant in the trunk. After all, the harvest of apples is not good every year.

Making a press with your own hands

The press needs a stable strong support - a bed. The simplest is to assemble it from wooden blocks with screws. For the manufacture of a metal bed, you will need a welding machine and a channel.

The dimensions of the frame depend on the diameter of the working body or the parameters of the drainage gratings. Therefore, if a hull structure is planned, then you need to prepare the container in advance.

The simplest frame press with a worm mechanism

Welded stable construction. A hole for the screw nut is cut in the center of the upper channel (you can use an old bench or order from turners). The nut is welded into the frame.

Then assembled wooden drainage grate, which is two layers of slats stuffed perpendicular to each other. The thickness of the rails is not less than 20 mm. It is also necessary to install a stand from the bars. A retainer for the pressing part of the screw is attached to the top board - any metal part that is suitable in shape (can be put on epoxy glue).

The tray is made from stainless steel sheet., in front of the spout-drain is bent. It remains to substitute a pan or other container. The result is a press.

The bed for a hydraulic press is assembled according to the same principle as for a screw press. As a case, it is easiest to take a ready-made metal or wooden barrel. A hole is cut out at the very bottom and equipped with a drain spout.

If the wooden barrel is not completely airtight - even good. The juice will merge in several directions at once, in the end it will still end up in the pan. It is better to put on a plastic casing with a larger diameter on top of such a design so that there is no splashing.

You can make a wooden case yourself:

It will take: several planks of equal size (parquet can be used), two strips of stainless steel and self-tapping screws with an anti-corrosion coating.
Boards from above and below are screwed with self-tapping screws to stripes at a distance of approximately 10 mm.
Strips with boards are bent in the form of a circle, the ends of the strips are fastened with bolts.
A plastic bowl of a suitable diameter can be used as a pallet with a drain for juice cut out at the bottom.

Another important element is the jack stop.. It is usually made of wood: you need to knock down the slats and cut out a circle slightly smaller than the diameter of the working body from the resulting canvas. You can use a grinder to cut a support out of a stainless steel sheet.

Drainage pads are made in the same way as in the description for the screw press, but they are given a round shape.

As a result, the design should be something like in the photo.

Raw material preparation

The principle of pressing apple juice simple - the finer the raw material is chopped, the more product will be the output. It is best to use a special chopper (crusher), since it is theoretically possible to finely chop several buckets of apples by hand, but in fact it is difficult to implement. An electric meat grinder for large volumes is also not an option: it roars, howls, heats up, and as a result, it may burn out. A suitable crusher can also be made independently.

The simplest design of a homemade crusher

From moisture resistant plywood or sheet stainless steel, a deep bunker is mounted slightly on the cone. Two bars are attached to it for stability from below. A wooden roller (preferably made of beech) with self-tapping screws wound in a spiral cuts into the lower part of the container. As a drum, you can use an ordinary kitchen rolling pin. The axis of rotation of the roller goes out, a drill is inserted into it and the process begins.

Some simply crush apples in a bucket with a construction mixer.

The process of squeezing juice from apples at home

After the raw material is prepared, it laid out in cloth bags or wrapped in pieces of fabric according to the principle of an envelope. Next, the bundles are placed in a container, basket, or simply at the bottom of the structure in layers through drainage grates. Fits about 3-4 bags. Oppression descends from above, the juice flows into the pan. When the push-up process is completed, the pulp is taken out, the next batch is loaded.

The remaining cake after quality pressure usually goes dry and compressed into "tablets" (photo 16).

The pomace is best disposed of in the compost heap. On such material, worms reproduce very well, creating fertilizer valuable for the garden.

The resulting juice can not only be drunk fresh, but also prepared for the winter:

pasteurized rolled juice;
apple wine several types;
apple cider.

Apples are a very valuable product for health. It is extremely imprudent and wasteful to bury and give the neighboring pigs the surplus of the crop. Having built a couple of simple devices, you can quickly and easily process all the fruits. And in winter it will be so nice to get healthy and tasty amber drinks from the cellar or refrigerator!

The entry Ways to make a press for apples with your own hands first appeared About the farm.

Presses existed in ancient Egypt, with their help they squeezed grapes from which wine was made. Such units operate on a cyclic basis: the beginning of work is the loading of the product, and the end of work is the disposal of dry waste. In private households of the 21st century, presses are in demand, and they differ little in their principle from those that worked in the time of the pharaohs.

Types of structures and their principle of operation

A press that allows you to squeeze juice with high quality is necessary in a private household. Factory-made juicers do not have such advantages as a do-it-yourself press. The economic factor is also important, because a good juicer from a branded manufacturer costs a decent amount. Press designs are divided according to the principle of pressing into the following types:

mechanical;
pneumatic;
hydraulic.

And also, depending on the principle of energy that is used, the presses are represented by the following varieties:

manual;
electromechanical.

Important! It should also be taken into account the fact that vitamins in fruits and vegetables are fragile elements. Such compounds are quickly destroyed by contact with any metal.

It is worth considering an apple press as an example. The main block of any unit is a special container with drilled holes, into which chopped raw materials are placed. In the professional dialect, the original mass is called "pulp". The juice flows down and falls into a special vessel. All parts that are in direct contact with the resulting product are made of wood. To increase the efficiency of the pomace, as well as to improve the quality of the resulting product, raw materials are loaded into the press in special fabric containers made of burlap, they are a kind of filter. The extrusion process itself takes place thanks to the use of special wooden gratings, which allows you to simultaneously use the entire working mass.

Many experts point out that the press is better to do it yourself. The price of the simplest devices is at least ten thousand rubles. It is important what material the unit is made of, what is its performance.

If the simplest hydraulic drive is used, then the price increases by almost 100%. If there is a membrane element in the press, then its cost will increase by 1000%.

How to make with your own hands?

To make a manual apple garden unit yourself, you will need tools such as:

saws;
various wooden elements;
metal corners;
bolts with nuts;
hammers;
keys;
wire cutters;
pliers.

You will also need a stainless steel sheet and wooden elements made of oak, birch, beech or alder. It is imperative to draw design drawings, and samples can be found on the Internet in the public domain. You will need a natural strong fabric with good filtering properties (burlap, cotton). Chipboard in such designs is not recommended, since this material is often impregnated with phenol and formaldehyde.

A hand-made home-made apparatus in a private household can be welded from iron, such an assembly is easy to quickly assemble on your own. For the stove, which is located at the bottom of the device, it is permissible to use a countertop. It is most rational to purchase a rotating mechanism on a trading platform that sells car parts.

Small hydraulic units are also common in households. The hydraulic press works on the principle of creating pressure due to liquid. In this case, the working cylinder is usually located vertically (sometimes there are horizontal modifications). A hydraulic jack has greater productivity and is capable of creating significant loads - at least one ton, which is quite enough for fruits. Hydraulic "bottle" jacks can process large volumes of raw materials in a short time.

Hydraulic

The operation of the device is based on one of the main physical laws of Pascal. The main structural elements are two working chambers of a cylindrical configuration, which have different parameters. In a small container, increased fluid pressure is generated. It is fed through a special overpass into the chamber, which is much larger in size, thus causing pressure on the piston.

The piston is the main unit, which directly exerts a significant force on the mass loaded into the container. Most often, special oils are used as working fluids.

The hydraulic press can also work using a special elastic barrel. It will expand in volume under the influence of liquid. When expanding, the membrane acts on the raw material, which is folded into a perforated container. The hydraulic press can be connected to the water supply, the membrane expands in the perforated cylinder itself, which makes it possible to squeeze out all the liquid contents from the pulp as much as possible.

The pressure should correspond to 1.4–2.1 atmospheres, which corresponds to the technical data of the networks. If there are large volumes of material, then you will definitely need a press with an electric drive.

The collection container is lined with filters from the inside, raw materials are placed in it, covered with a cloth. A circle descends onto the outer part of the cover, it acts on the press when the rod moves. The required pressure can be created using a compressor. To collect juice, enameled dishes are most often involved, into which a special tube is sealed so that the product flows through it. A tank from a washing machine is often placed in the inner area.

It is also necessary to create additional perpendicular crossbars to give additional rigidity so that it is possible to place the container in the central part.

It is important to monitor the pressure, it should be distributed to all points of the pulp with equal effort.

The cavity can be filled with special filter envelopes that are placed flat. A special fixing round device (can be made of wood) is placed under the container so that the pressure cannot deform the main container. Without much effort, such a screw press is able to squeeze out up to two liters of fresh juice in 4–7 minutes. The material that perfectly withstands great pressure is burlap, and old nylon tights are also often used.

It should be noted that the design of the hydraulic unit, made independently, can be quickly adapted to solve the problem that is required at the moment. Such a device takes up a minimum of space. A home press is capable of creating pressure up to twenty tons to make juices, this is quite enough.

Screw

The screw unit has the ability to squeeze out up to three buckets of juice in one hour, which is quite enough for the needs of one family. A very convenient device is a manual screw press. It does not have high performance, however, the unit can work quite efficiently. Often this type of press is done in private households. The screw mechanism can press from the upper plane with the help of a rotating screw.

If you design a press where there is a lower fixation, then more effort will be required, such an apparatus is more complex, in it the screw upper block only fixes the lid, no more. The main effort comes from below, the dynamic platform lifts the tank up.

If it is not possible to make a screw pair, then most often a jack is used. Bags of filter material are placed between the wooden elements. The product to be processed is placed between special wooden frames, the juice flows into a container.

The screw piston can be replaced with a plastic membrane, and a compressor can be connected so that the most difficult part of the work is done by air under pressure. Such a unit is called a pneumatic press. Often, car jacks are used to generate the required pressure; they can create a force of up to 3.5 tons. It can be mounted both from above and from below, which depends on the general structure of the unit itself.

The pressure is quite significant, which should be taken into account when choosing a fabric. It should be pretty strong. The advantage of such a unit is that there is no metal here. The tree can be anything, only non-coniferous, so as not to add too much flavor.

A rather original unit is also practiced, which is called a wedge press. The product is placed in a cone-shaped wooden container. Decreasing the angle with the moving wedges causes them to move towards the joint. The bag with the product is compressed, the juice, squeezing out, flows into the vessel. This press has the following advantages:

the design is simple;
economically viable;
easy to store and install;
fairly high performance;
The unit is easy to disassemble, clean and dry.

An example is a press made in Turkey. The frame is made of cast iron, and the inside is silver plated. The product is choked using a lever-type mechanism. The work is silent, it is possible to extract up to 75% of useful material from the product in a very short time. It is designed for pomegranate, apples, pears as well as citrus fruits.

Auger

Such presses operate on the principle of a meat grinder. They have a rotating axis, which is made like a spiral, due to which the processed mass in the tank is ground and gradually moves inside the unit. As a result, it rests against the grate, the new mass creates excess pressure from behind, and the juice is squeezed out. Such a device has the following advantages:

lack of vibration and background noise;
you can get juices from any vegetables and fruits;
simplicity and reliability of the machine.

Citrus fruits are considered the most labor-intensive product. The screw assembly crushes the contents of the fruit, the juice seeps through a special sieve. The cone-shaped configuration makes it possible to carry out all the work qualitatively, removing waste at the same time.

As a chopper, it is best to use a mechanical assembly in the form of a cylinder. Its walls should be made according to the principle of a grater. Using a similar element, the fruits become small crumbs within a few minutes. And there are also shredders that can operate from the electrical network, the productivity of such devices is high, but in a private household they are not very in demand.

The grinder can be a separate device or a block that is mounted in a press installation. The filter is made from several layers of burlap, as well as perforated plates and a wooden sieve.

Each type of fruit has its own technical indicators, respectively, different efforts are spent on processing a particular product. When working with a device such as a press, it should be borne in mind that the pressure builds up gradually, while some pauses are made. This approach makes it possible to maximize the opening of cellular capillaries, which in turn "takes out" all the useful components from the cellular tissue of the product.

The simple design of a home press makes it possible to squeeze up to 75% of juice from any product. To decide on the choice of a hydraulic jack, you should understand exactly what tasks need to be solved using it. This will tell you the design principle of a manual hydraulic press, as well as the level of pressure that it can create.

How to create a press for apples with your own hands, see below.

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