Ready easy business plan. Plan for writing a business plan (example)

Business plan for small business: 4 main sections of the document + 2 specific examples of business plans.

small business business plan- the document that is the basis of any business.

It performs several important functions:

• helps to structure information;
• allows you to see "holes" in planning and identify risks;
• serves as a presentation for banks or potential investors;
• becomes a step-by-step guide for the entrepreneur.

Do you have a desire to create your own business, but do not manage to plan and execute the idea properly?

In this article, you will see an overview of the main sections of a standard small business business plan. Use the above structure as a template.

For a better understanding of the material, below are 2 ready-made business plans for implementing various ideas for small businesses.

Do not put off the implementation of the idea for the mythical “later”: in 90% of cases, the “good moment” never comes.

Grab a piece of paper and a pen and start sketching out your plan right now.

What is a small business?

Small business is one of the varieties of entrepreneurship.

This format provides that the number of employees will not exceed 100 people, and the annual revenue will not exceed 800 million rubles.

For a novice entrepreneur without a serious material (financial) base and experience, opening a small business is the only way to “get on their feet”.

A feature of this format is a quick payback + comparative simplicity in the implementation of the organizational plan.

The implementation of any idea requires a clear plan with accurate calculations.

A business plan is a "guide" for an entrepreneur, in which it is necessary to describe each stage of the process of translating your idea into reality.

Small Business Business Plan Structure

So, it is important to follow generally accepted standards when compiling this document.

The point is not at all that there are strict legislative standards for, without compliance with which it will be considered invalid.

But why invent a wheel when you can take into account the many years of experience of others in the small business industry and come up with a general form of a document?

Section 1: Small Business Summary

The summary of the business plan is a brief but informative description of the products produced + the timing of the implementation of the small business project and the definition of its financial feasibility.

The main purpose of the resume is to demonstrate the concept of a product (service).

• Ceiling height from 3 meters + special moisture-resistant coating.
• The floor is concrete or covered with moisture-resistant durable tiles. If the conditions are not as specified, rubber plates must be used (especially in the storage area).
• They provide a constant circulation of air, since fermentation processes are accompanied by the release of harmful substances.
• Wiring must support three phases - 380 V.
• The sewer system is provided with sufficiently voluminous outlet channels - to drain a large amount of liquid.
• Water supply is a must. If funds and the location of the brewery allow, it is possible to supply the production with water from its own well.

List of necessary equipment for a private brewery

Staff

Starting investment

Monthly investment

Payback periods

With a stable production of 100 liters of beer per day, you can count on earning 200,000 rubles per month (80,000 net profit per month).

Payback will be from 19 months.

Only the entrepreneur who puts his whole soul into the production of beer will be able to achieve high quality products.

The payback of the enterprise directly depends on the quality of the products sold, since the cost of beer is quite high + this drink is very popular in Russia.

For an aspiring entrepreneur who wants to start his own business, beer production is one of the current options.

To achieve top positions in the market, you will have to go a long way, because there is no such activity that would generate income without any effort.

Small business business plan: "Exit car service"

It is difficult not to pay attention to the growing number of cars on Russian roads.

If you doubt the profitability and feasibility of opening a project, evaluate the following fact: the number of cars is growing on a par with the average age of vehicles.

Just pay attention to the percentage of cars that are over 7 years old!

The fleet of the Russian Federation (“Age breakdown of the fleet”):

In this state of affairs, the situation when the car broke down on the road is not uncommon.

In this case, the qualified assistance of an auto mechanic is necessary.

Where there is a need for people, there is an opportunity to benefit the entrepreneur.

The purpose of such a small business, the idea of ​​which is considered in our business plan, is to provide repair services not in a specific service station, but “on the road”.

The scheme of work is as follows: the secretary receives the client's call, transmits information about the type of breakdown to the mechanics. Those, in turn, go to the scene.

The cost of services in the field is much higher.

This factor also affects the profitability of the enterprise.

Room for an exit car service

To open such a car service, you will need 2 rooms:

1. Office (about 30 sqm).
2. Garage (with an area of ​​50 sq. m.) for storing tools and repairing a car in emergency situations, as well as accommodating the company's personal vehicle fleet.

Standard requirements for office space:

• electricity;
• stable water supply;
• telecommunications;
• office furniture;
• ventilation system;
• fire safety at the proper level;
• stable heating.

Garage Requirements:

• electricity: 3 phases 380 V;
• water supply;
• concrete floor (or tiled floor);
• ventilation system;
• stable heating;
• high level of fire safety;
• heating;
• wide entrance gates.

Renting two premises will cost approximately 75,000 rubles. monthly.

Mobile car service equipment

Staff

Initial investment in the project

It is a document that highlights all the characteristics of the future organization, analyzes possible problems and risks, their forecasting and methods by which they can be avoided.

Simply put, a business plan for an investor is the answer to the question “Should the project be financed or should it be thrown into the trash?”.

Important! A business plan is drawn up on paper, taking into account certain procedures and rules. Such a presentation of the project to some extent materializes your idea, shows your desire and willingness to work. Also, the design on paper simplifies the perception of the idea by the investor.

Self-drawing up a business plan

Drawing up a business plan yourself is not so difficult, you just need to carefully consider the idea. Before you grab onto the calculator and calculate income, you need to take a few steps.

1. Identify the "pros" and "cons" of the idea that has arisen. If the number of "minuses" rolls over - do not rush to give up. Some aspects can be turned in the opposite direction, think about ways to solve such "cons".
2. Competitiveness and market stability are important characteristics.
3. The sales market needs to be thought out to the smallest detail.
4. The payback of the product (service) and the time of receipt of the first profit will allow you to determine the (approximately) required amount for investment.

If, after such a superficial analysis, you do not want to abandon your brainchild, then it's time to take a clean slate and start creating a business plan.

It is important to know! There is no single structure and step-by-step instructions on how to calculate a business plan. Therefore, the presence and order of the items included in the plan is determined independently. However, experts have established the most optimal variant of the plan structure. If there is no experience in compiling such documents, you need to use these recommendations in order to correctly compose the work.

Structure and procedure for drawing up a business plan

The structure of a good business plan, according to economists, should include 12 points. Each of them is described below.

Title page

The following parameters are specified here:

• name of the project;
• the name of the organization where the project is planned to be implemented, indicating telephone numbers, addresses and other contact details;
• head of the above organization;
• developer (team or leader) of a business plan;
• date of preparation of the document;
• it is allowed to place on the first sheet the most significant indicators of financial calculations for the project.

This document is necessary to protect the copyright of the idea and business plan. This reflects the awareness of the reader that he is not entitled to distribute the information contained in the document without the permission of the author. There may also be an indication of the prohibition of copying, duplicating the document, transferring it to another person, a requirement to return the read business plan to the author if the investor does not accept the agreement.

An example of a confidentiality memorandum can be seen below.

The next 2 sections of the plan - "Brief summary" and "Main idea of ​​the project" - are introductory. They can be used as a preliminary offer (for review) to partners and investors until negotiations are scheduled.

Brief Summary

Although a short summary of such a document is at the beginning, it is written at the final stage, as a result. A summary is an abbreviated description of the project idea and a list of the most significant characteristics of the financial component.

The following questions will help here, by answering which you can get a great resume:

1. What product is the company planning to sell?
2. Who wants to buy this product?
3. What is the planned volume of sales (production) for the first year of the company? What will be the revenue from this?
4. What is the total cost of the project?
5. How will the enterprise be formed according to the organizational and legal form?
6. How many workers are planned to attract?
7. What is the required amount of capital investments for the implementation of the project?
8. What are the sources of funding for this project?
9. How much will be the total profit (profitability) for a specific period, payback period, amount of cash at the end of the first year of the enterprise, profitability. net discounted income.

It is important to know! The resume is read by the investor first. Therefore, the further fate of the project depends on this section: the investor will either become interested or bored. This part should not exceed 1 page.

The main idea of ​​the project

1. What is the main design goal?
2. What are the tasks of the enterprise to achieve the main goal?
3. Are there any barriers to the goal and how to get around them?
4. What exact actions does the author propose to perform in order to achieve results and achieve the goal as soon as possible? What are these timelines?

Important! It is necessary to give clear, real and explicit arguments that will confirm the confidence in the profitability and success of the project. The volume of this part is optimal within 1-2 pages.

In the same section, it is customary to use the conducted SWOT analysis – assessment of strong, weak features of the enterprise, opportunities (prospects), as well as possible threats. It is unlikely that it will be possible to make a business plan correctly and most completely without such an analysis.

The SWOT analysis reflects 2 sides that affect the life of the organization: internal, relating to the enterprise itself, and external (everything outside the company that it cannot change).

Do not forget: you describe the enterprise, not the product! A common mistake of the authors is that they start writing product characteristics in the “strength” column.

Here are some parameters that can be used to describe strengths or weaknesses:

• high-tech production;
• service and after-sales service;
• multifunctionality of the product (without affecting its specific properties);
• level of qualification and professionalism of employees;
• the level of technical equipment of the enterprise.

External factors (“opportunities” and “threats”) include:

• market growth rates;
• the level of competition;
• political situation in the region, country;
• features of legislation;
• features of the consumer's solvency.

Example

Characteristics of the industry in the market

• dynamics of sales of similar products in the industry in recent years;
• growth rate of the market industry;
• trends and features of pricing;
• exhaustive assessment of competitors;
• search and indication of new and young enterprises in the industry, as well as a description of their activities;
• description of the consumer market, their desires, intentions, requirements, opportunities;
• assessment of the possible impact of scientific, social, economic aspects;
• prospects for development in the market.

Essence of the project

This section reveals the idea, the subject of the business plan. It also reflects the level of preparedness of the enterprise for the release of "public", the availability of all the funds required for this.

The most important provisions in this section are:

• primary goals;
• description of the target consumer segment;
• key performance factors for market success;
• a detailed representation of the product, the characteristics of which must be within the market segment defined above;
• stage of product development (if production is launched), patent and author's purity;
• characteristics of the organization;
• the total cost of the project, indicating the financing schedule for the periods and amounts of investments;
• the required expenses of the initial period for the marketing campaign and the formation of a coherent organizational structure.

Marketing plan

Here the tasks, goals of the marketing policy and methods for their solution and achievement are indicated. It is important to indicate which task is intended for which personnel, in what terms it is required to be completed and with what tools. The funds needed for the latter must also be indicated.

Marketing plan is a strategy, a set of successive and / or simultaneous steps, created to attract consumers and effectively return on their part.

The investor will be attentive to such points as:

• a well-developed system of comprehensive market research and analysis;
• the planned volume of sales of goods (services) and its range, scheduled for time periods until the enterprise reaches full capacity;
• ways to improve products;
• description of product packaging and pricing policy;
• procurement and marketing system;
• advertising strategy - clearly articulated and understandable;
• service planning;
• control over the implementation of the marketing strategy.

Production plan

Everything related directly to the creation of products is reflected in this part. Therefore, it is advisable to compile this section only for those companies that plan not only distribution, but also production.

Points to be noted:

• required production capacity;
• detailed interpretation of the technological process;
• a detailed description of the operations entrusted to subcontractors;
• the necessary equipment, its characteristics, cost and method of purchase or lease;
• subcontractors;
• required area for production;
• raw materials, resources.

It is important to indicate the cost of everything that requires costs.

organizational plan

At this stage, the principles of organizational strategic management of the company are developed. If the enterprise already exists, then this item is still mandatory: it determines the compliance of the existing structure with the intended goals. The organizational part must necessarily contain the following data:

• name of the organizational and legal form (IP, OJSC, partnership and others);
• an organizational management system that reflects the structure in the form of a scheme, regulations and instructions, communications and dependencies of departments;
• founders, their description and data;
• management team;
• interaction with staff;
• supplying the control system with the necessary material and technical resources;
• company location.

Financial plan

This chapter of the business plan gives a cumulative economic assessment of the written project, accompanied by calculations of the level of profitability, payback periods, and financial stability of the enterprise.

The financial plan is very important for the investor, here he determines whether this project is attractive to him.

Here it is necessary to make some calculations and summarize them:

Risk Analysis

In risk analysis, the author must investigate the project and discover potential threats that could lead to a decrease in revenue. It is necessary to take into account financial, industry, natural, social and other risks. At the same time, it is necessary to develop a detailed and effective plan to prevent them or minimize the impact on the company. Therefore, the business plan should include:

• a list of all potential problems;
• a set of methods and tools that prevent, eliminate or minimize risks;
• models of the company's behavior in the event of events that do not contribute to its development;
• substantiation of the low probability of occurrence of such problems.

Applications

This is the last link in the structure of the business plan. It includes documents, quotations, sources, copies of contracts, agreements, certificates, letters from consumers, partners, statistics, calculation tables used in the preparation of this document. Attachments in the text of the business plan are required to insert links and footnotes.

General document requirements

• write a business plan in a clear, concise language, without long and complex wording;
• the desired volume is 20-25 pages;
• the business plan must cover all the information required by the investor in full;
• the document must necessarily be based on real facts, reasonable rational proposals;
• the plan must have a strategic foundation: strict, delineated and complete, with clear targets;
• interconnectedness, complexity and consistency are important features of drawing up a plan;
• the investor must see the future, the prospects for the development of the project idea;
• The flexibility of the business plan is a significant plus. If you can make adjustments, amendments to the written project is a nice bonus for the investor;
• conditions and modes of control over the functioning of the enterprise should become part of the business plan.

Making a business plan from scratch without the help of a specialist is not easy, but possible. It is important to adhere to the above rules, construction structure and avoid mistakes.

The most common mistakes

• Illiterate syllable

The rules of the language cannot be ignored. It often happens that the most incredible and promising idea flies into the basket along with a bunch of plans of mediocre IPs. And all because errors in spelling, vocabulary, punctuation and poor presentation of the text completely discourage the desire of any investor.

• Careless design

The design should be the same throughout the document: bullets, headings, lists, font, size, numbering, spacing, etc. Contents, headings, numbering, names of figures and tables, designation of data on graphs are required!

• incomplete plan

To properly write a business plan, you need an exhaustive amount of information. The sections of the document listed above are the minimum that should be unconditionally included in the project.

• vague plan

Work should be "like in a pharmacy on the scales." Clear, specific, specific statements of goals and (important!) ideas.

• Too many details

The abundance of technical, financial, marketing terms will only help in exams. For a business plan, you need to select only the most significant details. If there is a great need for a thorough description of a process, then you can put it in an application.

• Unrealistic data

Such business proposals are based on assumptions. Therefore, the author needs to rationally approach the idea and have a reasonable background, a real reason supported by calculations.

• Few facts

For each assumption - its justification - real, valid. Facts give the work meaning and confidence. The fountain of facts is also not worth arranging, and if you are carried away, then we look at the rule about the details.

• "We have no risks!"

Rule of thumb: no business without risk. There is no such business in which "quiet, yes smooth surface." The investor knows this, and the author should also know this. Therefore, it's time to descend from the clouds to the ground and study, explore, analyze.

• “And we have no competitors either!”

The competitor, as well as the risk, is always there. It can be direct or indirect. Carefully and meticulously study this topic, and an opponent will definitely appear on the horizon, waving your pen.

• Neglect of outside help

Creating a business plan yourself does not mean doing absolutely everything yourself. Moreover, obtaining a high-quality result is possible through the joint efforts of several specialists. Don't be afraid of helpers!

I am glad to welcome regular readers and a new audience! Today we will continue talking about starting your own business. To help you, I offer a ready-made business plan with calculations for small businesses. And those who are used to relying on themselves will learn how to properly compose it from scratch and adapt it for a particular case. When you read the article to the end, there will be no questions left!

Business Plan Key Success Factors: 3 Key Rules

A business plan is a document that brings an idea to implementation in a form that is understandable to an entrepreneur and investors. It analyzes the situation and describes the mechanisms of the systems involved.

The following rules will be the basis for drawing up the plan:

1. Unbiasedly determine the current level. Employed but want to start a business? You will need to consider what you have: skills, connections, availability of start-up capital and premises - everything plays a role.
2. List a specific outcome. Starting a business with the wording “I want to become rich” is dooming it to failure. Determine the market niche, profit level, turnover.
3. Consider the steps that will lead to the designated outcome. Be logical and conduct additional analysis if you are not sure of the knowledge.

Stick to these rules, whether you want to impress investors or are building a project for yourself. Constantly ask the question, “Why does a business need to succeed?” The key to success can be a successful product, the qualifications of the team, the influence of partners, etc. Having found the answer, use the advantage to the maximum, and the result will meet expectations.

Business plan structure: main sections

Thinking about how to make business plans for a small business yourself? Adhere to a clear structure that will allow both you and your partners to navigate the document.

Title page layout

The name of the project is written on the title page. , indicate the amount of investment and the expected payback period. It is also appropriate to provide information about the organization: address, contact numbers, full name of the owner.

Writing a resume: briefly about the main

The summary is the first section of interest to potential contributors. So that this acquaintance with the project does not end, state the essence of the idea. Focus on the goals and objectives, list the necessary resources and methods for implementing projects. Be sure to highlight why the offer is unique.

Finally, let's get down to the numbers:

• necessary for opening investments;
• project start date;
• the planned and actual time for the return of funds.

Finally, state the expected profit. No need to use lengthy stories about the benefits of the enterprise: it is enough to make a competent calculation.

Setting Goals and Objectives: Be Concise

In the "Goals and Objectives" section, the position you plan to take is determined. Mention the technological processes necessary to achieve the result, but do not go into details - you will provide information in the appendices. The main task is to tell why the proposal wins against competitors. But avoid unsubstantiated statements, because every word must be supported by facts.

Do you want to emphasize the originality of the idea? List patents and copyright documents. Indicate ways for further development so that investors see the long-term benefits of cooperation.

Carrying out market analysis, identifying the desired segment

After conducting a market analysis, you will determine the availability of available niches. It is necessary to consider the internal state of the chosen industry and the influence of external factors (for example, a difficult economic situation, a shortage of personnel). Take into account the risk of facing competition and tell what advantages your product has.

To improve the effectiveness of the plan, define the market segment. You will need to draw up a portrait of the buyer, considering the following:

• age;
• social status;
• needs;
• reasons why the client will contact you.

Having determined the portrait of a potential buyer and his needs, evaluate the capabilities of the enterprise. Particular attention should be paid to this part if you are planning to open a new business.

The description of the product or service is presented with an emphasis on the benefits of the consumer. Simply put, do not tell what a great product you have, but describe why the client needs it.

The list of characteristics and properties should include the following:

• the product's name;
• appointment;
• enumeration of the main properties and a brief story about the secondary ones;
• definition of competitiveness;
• availability of copyrights or a license (if they are only to be obtained, mention this point);
• information on deliveries, guarantees, service availability;
• description of appearance;
• availability of certificates;
• operational characteristics;
• disposal methods.

Describing items will make planning easier and help you understand which properties need improvement.

Marketing Analysis and Plan: Promotion Strategy

The task of marketing analysis is to develop the image of the product and determine the promotion strategy. When you outline the circle of buyers and set the required volume of goods, consider ways to convey information to the audience.

It will be easier to formulate the needs of future buyers by answering a number of questions:

1. Describe what they are purchasing now that your product is not on the market. List popular suppliers, volume of purchases, indicate the average price.
2. The hardest part is understanding why a consumer prefers a certain product. When buying kitchen utensils, the client can choose a set with the largest number of components, bet on convenience or appreciate an attractive design. You need to determine his motivation, which will help desk research, telephone surveys and expert interviews.
3. Ask the main question: “How to get my product to buy?” It is possible to attract customers with promotions, participation in exhibitions, sending out flyers, and providing free samples.

The nuances of the work depend on whether the activity is aimed at a wholesale or retail consumer, whether you are going to involve legal entities or individuals, etc.

Production and organization plan

In the next section, you will list the stages of production, mentioning the availability of facilities, equipment, and personnel. Describe everything in detail; if a partner is involved in the business, the costs must be clear to him. It is also necessary to calculate the cost of production, making an adjustment for variable factors.

In the organizational part, the implementation schedule is given, the deadlines are indicated. Legislative acts regulating activities in the selected area are also listed.

Financial plan: calculate the funds

In 70% of cases, the reason why startups close is the lack of funds. To avoid this prospect, make a financial plan. It includes the following:

• plan of income and expenses;
• project implementation period;
• approximate balance for the 1st year of operation;
• breakeven analysis.

For investors to evaluate the prospects, provide a debt repayment schedule. Focus on the rational use of funds by reducing costs. But save wisely: one of the mistakes that doom entrepreneurship to failure is underestimating upcoming expenses.

Risk Analysis: Spare yourself the surprises

Finally, consider situations that threaten your business and suggest ways to solve problems. The right strategy will attract investors and make your job easier.

The structure of the business plan can be changed by adding paragraphs and applications. If you have an idea of ​​what you are going to do, then you can do it.

New tool at work: SWOT analysis

After learning how to write a business plan, you will take on the strategic part. It is necessary to identify external and internal factors that affect the development of the organization, and describe the current situation. A SWOT analysis will help you cope with the task, which implies that you highlight 4 aspects of the project:

The versatility of the method allows you to apply it in any area, whether you choose a farm or a car service. Use does not require special knowledge, just avoid common beginner mistakes:

• reassessment of strengths;
• attempts to pass off a disadvantage as an advantage;
• intentional or accidental ignoring of minuses.

To get results, be honest with yourself: you can remain silent about the shortcomings when conducting advertising campaigns, but when writing a business plan, a mistake will be fatal. First of all, look at the product or service through the eyes of the consumer, evaluate the strengths and weaknesses. Be meticulous and use different sources: consult with the team, conduct testing, create several SWOT tables for relevant market segments. And so that you get an idea of ​​​​how to conduct analytics step by step, look at an example:

Business plan for an atelier

The option of opening an atelier is suitable for novice entrepreneurs with skills in tailoring and repairing clothes. After all, despite the abundance of stores, finished products remain standardized. Fashion trends put individuality at the forefront, so there will be no shortage of customers. You just need to think about how to attract them and convert them into the status of regular customers.

First steps: define goals and think over the price

Even a small business will need a business plan that defines goals. I recommend the following to them:

• creation of a profitable organization;
• receiving income;
• Satisfying consumer needs for tailoring and repairing clothes within a particular region.

Choose sole proprietorship as the legal form, as accounting requirements are simpler and tax fees are lower. Then define the range of services provided, which will include:

• sewing new clothes;
• minor repairs of the old;
• restoration.

Although tailoring remains the most expensive service, most of the profit will come from repairs. This is due to the fact that the creation of a new model takes an average of 14 days, and you can put an old thing in order in 15-30 minutes. The cost of repairs starts from 200 rubles, which will ensure a quick payback if there are customers.

Choice of premises and equipment

Location remains a key factor, so look for a location in a mall or on the 1st floor of a building. The option with the shopping center is more profitable due to the traffic, besides, the customers of the stores will want to fit the purchased clothes on the spot on the spot.

But it will be easier to equip a workshop by making repairs in an ordinary apartment. Keep in mind that accommodation on the upper floors is acceptable in cases where you already have an established customer base.

Ideally, the atelier is located in the city center, close to sewing shops.

Choose a room with an area of ​​20 sq. m. and more to arrange everything you need. At the initial stage you will need:

• 3 professional cars (about 7,000 rubles per piece);
• special iron or steam generator (11,000 rubles);
• overlock (5,000 rubles).

You can't do without furniture for equipping the working area and a comfortable waiting area for customers. You will have to buy the following:

• cutting table;
• tables for cars;
• chairs;
• mirrors;
• dummy;
• hanger for outerwear of employees and visitors;
• sofas and a coffee table for the waiting area.

Buy consumables as well, because respectable clients will not want to bring threads, elastic bands, zippers along with the fabric. Together with the cost of furniture, you will need to allocate 24,000 rubles.

Recruitment and pay

Recruitment determines success, so look for people who love what they do. You will need 2-3 seamstresses and a cutter, who can be found through online ads or recruitment agencies. The average salary of a seamstress is 15,000 rubles, a cutter - 20,000. A percentage of completed orders (20-40%) is added to the rate, which stimulates work better.

When hiring employees, specify the nuances of responsibility. It is not uncommon for clients to bring in expensive materials, and their damage to the seamstress or cutter must reimburse all costs.

Subject to well-conducted marketing campaigns, studios pay off in 2 years. It is only necessary to think over all stages of business promotion, reducing the share of advertising in local media. If you invest in a prominent sign, develop branded packages, send out a small discount coupon mailing list, you will soon acquire a permanent clientele.

Business plan for mobile car service

Since car sales do not stop even during the crisis, their service will become a constant source of income. A field car service is in demand: you will provide services that do not require a lift and take a couple of hours. The price will include system adjustments, checking the operation of the battery, the presence of oil and other liquids, and simple replacement of parts. With the right approach, the profitability of the enterprise is at the level of service stations.

What you need to start

To get started, do not do without the following:

1. Make sure you have a vehicle that can accommodate the necessary equipment. A Gazelle minibus, which you will rent, will do.
2. Of the equipment, you will need jacks (without them, you cannot replace the pads or filters) and a lounger on rollers. Also purchase a vacuum cleaner and a couple of compressors, including a suction one. The importance of having keys and other tools can be left out.
3. The article of profit will be the sale of consumables. You will buy oil, candles, liquids at wholesale prices, and sell them at retail prices.

To begin with, you will perform the work yourself, expanding the staff as needed. With an increase in the customer base, it is worth hiring a dispatcher who explains the nuances: you do not have to break away from business.

How to define clientele

Who makes up the clientele of such organizations? Basically, these are people who drive budget cars of old models. Their cars need regular maintenance (oil changes, brake pads, tire pressure checks), but due to busy work, the owners delay visits to the service station. The result is unplanned breakdowns, thanks to which your services will become in demand.

To find customers, do not put up ads in garages. Such niches are occupied, therefore, as part of an advertising campaign, it is better to hire a pretty girl promoter. She will hand out brochures to car owners in the parking lot, and later you will fix the remaining advertising under the wipers.

How to write text for a booklet? Offer customers to save not money, but time. Bet that they will not have to go to the service station after work, but the car will still be in perfect order. Accompanying the offer with a transparent pricing policy, you will attract the consumer.

"Distress services" are also popular: they are resorted to when the owner has lost the keys or cannot start the engine for no apparent reason.

How to increase profitability

To make the business pay off, purchase high-quality equipment and take care of the selection of employees. After all, it is difficult to find a master: people are guided by the principle “I didn’t find a job in construction - I’ll go to a car service”. If you or your employee is not qualified, then it is useless to take out a loan to open a business or purchase equipment.

Here is a simple example of a business plan. It should be borne in mind that this is only one of the possible options, and filed in a very concise form.

Target: To produce confectionery, mainly cakes, for the inhabitants of the city. Take a leading position in the upper price segment in this market.

Tasks:
1. Create a compact pastry shop.
2. Provide the production process with the necessary raw materials and labor, part of which will be hired.
3. Initially occupy 30% of the market segment through the implementation of the developed marketing strategy, which involves squeezing out the main competitors with dumping prices and new recipes for the consumer.
4. Attract the missing investment funds in the bank on the security of the available real estate.

An example of drawing up a business plan for an enterprise

Consider an example of a manufacturing business plan. It is planned to open a small atelier for tailoring. Consider how promising this business is in a particular market.

1. Summary. Opening of a small production from January 1, 2014. Form of ownership - LLC. The planned term is 42 months.

2. General provisions. Purchase of equipment that will allow the use of a variety of fabrics and various finishes. It is planned to partially raise borrowed funds for the purchase of equipment and rent of premises. The tailoring service will be provided to the population, as well as legal entities in need of special clothing, as well as tailoring of curtains and bedding for subsequent sale.

3. Market analysis and marketing plan. There are currently 350 companies on the market. Due to strict adherence to deadlines and quality, it is planned to create a positive image of the company, which will allow it to occupy a niche in the market.

4. Costs. Estimated direct and variable costs, including wages and rent of premises, for 3 years will amount to 13.5 million rubles. Of these, own funds 50 million rubles. The planned volume of sales will amount to 15 million rubles, which, minus tax deductions, will make it possible to bring the project to payback by the end of the third year.

5. Production schedule. Release of 1000 units of goods.

6. Investments. Attracting partners on the terms of joint business.

Brief Example Business Plan

If you have to open a shoe repair shop, then in the most general form, the development of a business plan using an example looks like this:

• - Fixed costs (equipment) - 300 thousand rubles.
• - Variable costs (threads, glue, rent) - 10 thousand rubles.
• - Required investment - 100 thousand rubles in the form of a bank loan at 23% per annum for 10 years with a progressive scale and a 1-year repayment delay.
• – Form of ownership – IP
• – Tax deductions of 24 thousand rubles.
• – Planned revenue – 20 thousand rubles per month.
• - Revenue for 1 year - 97 thousand rubles.
• - Financial result - 73 thousand rubles.

As a result, the entrepreneur has a reason to invest in this project. The margin of safety is large enough so that possible deviations from the predicted values ​​do not lead to financial collapse.

An example of a business plan with calculations

Opening a small store that sells used children's items also requires a preliminary assessment. Enterprise business plan example:

The assessment of goods purchased from the population will be made on the basis of the cost of 1 kg.
First you need to make an assortment of 100 units.
The cost of 1 kg is 400 conventional units. One product weighs an average of 1 kg. Thus, the cost of goods will be 100 * 100 = 40,000 c.u. The cost of replenishing working capital will be 100 units, which equals 10,000 USD. per month
The rent of the premises will be 10,000 USD.
Variable costs, including advertising and contingencies - $10

Sales volume in the first 6 months will be 130 items per month;
in the next - 280 products per month.
The unit price will be on average $250.
Revenue for 1 year = 130 * 250 * 12 + 280 * 250 * 12 = (10,000 * 12,000 + 40,000 + 10,000 * 12 + 10,000 * 12,000) = 420,195 - 361,240 = 58,955.
The tax will be 25,000 USD.
Financial result - 33 955 USD

At first glance, the business seems attractive, given the low entry costs and quick payback, but after performing a simple calculation, the entrepreneur will come to the conclusion that the profitability is very low and, although the risk is low (the product is in stable demand), it is unprofitable to engage in this business without reaching the scale .

View sample business plan

Schematically, planning, for example, growing vegetables looks like this:

1. Summary. This is a summary of the remaining pages.
2. Marketing part. Who will be the buyer and how will it be possible to win the market? Estimated part - 5 tons of carrots at 100,000 USD
3. Costs. Rent of a land plot and inventory - 27,000 c.u.
Remuneration of hired labor - 30,000 USD.
4. Revenue- 23 c.u.
5. Sources of funding. Bank loan for 50,000 c.u. at 18% per annum for 10 years.
6. Financial result- 9 c.u.

This activity, if the pessimistic scenario is fulfilled, will not bring income at all in the first year. In addition, an entrepreneur will be able to fully work and invest in development only after repaying the entire loan amount.

Download ready-made examples of business plans

On this resource you can download examples of business plans for free. Downloading the file makes it possible to get acquainted with more detailed calculation options that will allow not only to understand the essence, but also to make, by analogy, your own calculation-justification for the expediency of investing.

If there is no experience at all, it is not at all necessary to order the development of a specialized company. It is enough to get acquainted with an example of planning for a similar activity, where you can study in detail the features of market analysis and calculation of production costs for a particular business.

To download, click on the link:

Be sure to watch the video: “What is a business plan?”

How to write a business plan correctly? We share recommendations, convenient ways, samples and calculations.

Business plan is the document from which the implementation must begin. If you do not first calculate the costs and incomes, do not take into account the demand and the presence of existing competitors, you can waste your budget. In our article, you will find a sample business plan with calculations and learn how to prepare it for yourself.

But when the development of a business plan for a small business is needed specifically for investors, guarantors, creditors, then the document must comply with the requirements of the Federal Fund for Support of Small Business. You can learn how to draw up a business plan in accordance with these requirements from, and consider a brief structure of the plan here.

The structure of the business plan from the Federal Fund for Support of Small Business:

If you follow all the recommendations of the Federal Fund for Support of Small Business, then it is quite difficult to draw up your own business plan on your own. But there is another way to calculate the prospects for your project - using the SME Business Navigator.

How to write a business plan yourself

If you decide to open such a store, you will need to find the missing amount of 1.7 million rubles. Of course, you can take out a loan, especially since Business Navigator offers you to choose one of the partner banks. However, we should not forget that such interest-bearing borrowed funds increase the cost of the project and extend its payback period. We need to weigh carefully whether it is worth it.

If you do not want to attract additional funds to the project, especially borrowed funds, the navigator will offer you to select the type of business by the amount of investment. We go to the appropriate tab and see an extensive list of projects that you can start using only your own funds. It remains only to choose a few areas of interest to you and calculate their payback.

Now you know how to make a business plan with calculations for a small business in a specific situation. On the Internet, you will find many more methods for writing and compiling business plans, samples for various businesses (coffee shop, car service, beauty salon, etc.). But remember - you need a business plan for your specific business, individual, and no one has written one for you yet. Here in this video briefly and succinctly “on the fingers of a milling machine” it is told how to do this:

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