Where to use brick battle - concrete, roads and gabions - Blog Stroyremontiruy. Application of the battle of building bricks Do I need to wet the broken brick for concrete

Brick as a building material has been used for many centuries. Brick breakage is obtained during the demolition of old brick buildings and engineering structures, as well as during the rejection of defective products directly at factories. A small percentage of the fight inevitably occurs during masonry.

In any city, a lot of buildings that have served their time, most of the five-story "Khrushchev" buildings, according to which, so far, only in Moscow, a housing program for the resettlement of residents with the demolition of old buildings has been adopted, is also made of brick. Huge volumes of concrete and brick battle are obtained. It is unprofitable and inexpedient to dispose of this raw material, as it happened before, therefore, more and more enterprises and industries appear, where raw materials are crushed using special equipment.

The obtained secondary material can be successfully used in many areas of construction. Consider what secondary brick raw materials are and where it can be used.

Types of secondary brick raw materials

Brick battle retains all the basic properties of the primary material. There are the following types of combat:

• ceramic, characterized by low moisture absorption, good frost resistance and high density. Weight m³ from solid feedstock 2000, and hollow up to 1400 kg;
• silicate, has low frost resistance and absorbs moisture well. The weight of m³ of pebbles from materials that do not contain voids is 1.8 ... 1.95 tons, and the weight of hollow products is from 1.1 to 1.6 tons;
• fireclay, characterized by high refractory properties and low ability to absorb moisture.

The battle of building bricks, according to the size of the pebbles obtained, is divided into the following fractions:

• small - ≤ 20 mm:
• medium - 20 ... 40 mm:
• large - from 40 to 100 mm.

Before separation into fractions with the help of special sieves, the raw material is thoroughly cleaned of foreign inclusions and debris. In individual construction, uncleaned brick battle can often be used, containing parts of different types of brick materials, concrete inclusions and reinforcement.

The thermal conductivity of all considered varieties is characterized by close values.

The increase in demand for scrap is due to the following reasons:

• constant growth of the already quite high cost of aggregates (crushed stone, gravel, natural sand, expanded clay and others);
• in the process of masonry, a brick battle is always formed;
• on many plots acquired for individual construction, there are old buildings that have served their time, interfering with new construction and subject to indispensable dismantling. It is easier to use the obtained secondary raw materials than to incur additional financial costs for its removal from the site;
• constant growth in the city of buildings to be dismantled.

Available pros and cons of using

Advantages:

• junk cost after dismantling brick buildings with your own hands and significantly lower, compared with other aggregates, when buying ready-made scrap;
• sufficiently high strength indicators, higher than those of cellular concrete and wood;
• good heat, sound insulation and frost resistance;
• incombustibility and not maintaining active combustion;
• possibility of application regardless of weather conditions;
• brick fight provides good drainage;
• environmental friendliness, due to the manufacture of natural ingredients, with 100% safety for human health and the absence of a negative impact on the environment;
• low weight of the material, which does not require the use of special technical means and causes ease and speed of delivery to the installation site.

Disadvantages: it can be used for laying walls, but the work is highly laborious and time-consuming, each brick will have to be cleaned of the remnants of the old mortar. There is also a significant increase in the consumption of new mortar and the obligatory reinforced reinforcement of the masonry, in order to avoid the occurrence of cracks.

What can be made from recycled material

1. Arrangement of heat and sound insulating backfill during the installation of well masonry walls. Often used silicate chips.
2. In the construction of local roads, as a base for the main coating, especially in swampy areas. Granite gravel is poured over the scrap, on which asphalt is laid. On such roads, it is permissible to add purified fractional crumbs in the preparation of an asphalt mixture. In winter and late autumn, temporary roads in rural areas can be built entirely of broken bricks.
3. Backfilling of the road to suburban areas with ceramic quarry, backfilling of pits and potholes during the repair of the constructed existing road.
4. Strengthening the soil on steep slopes.
5. Use as drainage layers in waterlogged soils, underlayment in trenches when laying engineering communications.
6. Used when pouring a blind area around the perimeter of buildings.
7. Temporary broken brick road to construction sites. Such an entrance will last for several years, and then it can be used as a base for laying a permanent coating.
8. Large pieces of ceramic products are good for various landscape works. You can build an alpine slide using scrap as a reinforced base, arrange garden beds, banks of a dry stream or garden paths. Small fractions are used to fill the tracks, and original patterns and compositions can be laid out from medium and large ones by tamping the crumb into a compacted sand preparation or cement-sand mortar. In this case, only scrap of clinker, hyperpressed or high-quality ceramic bricks can be used, which guarantees the durability of the coating.
9. A durable road to the site, in the absence of significant loads that can last more than 10 years, can be obtained using fragments of clinker material.
10. Fireclay material crushed into various fractions is used as a filler in refractory mortars.
11. For the manufacture of gabions - rectangular boxes filled with stone rubble and broken bricks made of steel mesh.
12. Replacing part of the rubble with a brick fight in the preparation of concrete mixtures. High-class concrete cannot be obtained, but for non-critical structures such a mixture can be used subject to the following conditions:
    • only ceramic scrap is suitable:
    • be sure to break the pieces with a sledgehammer to medium grinding;
    • it is permissible to add no more than 1/3 of the volume of crushed stone;
    • such concrete should be concentrated in the middle of structures to reduce moisture absorption.
13. It is unacceptable to arrange a broken brick foundation for residential buildings, but it can be used for various non-essential outbuildings, fences, recreation areas, gazebos, etc. Often broken brick is used when installing fence posts. To do this, after installing the pillar, a brick break is poured into the pit with the pillar installed, compacted and poured with cement mortar. This is a simple, reliable, durable and cheap solution.

In conclusion: secondary brick raw materials, due to the cheapness of the material, are rational to use, but only in the construction of constructs without mandatory compliance with the requirements of GOST and building codes and regulations.

Broken bricks should not be thrown into a landfill if you live outside the city and continue to build, repair or landscaping. Brick breakage can be used for a number of jobs and below we will tell you how and where this can be done. By using combat, you can save a lot of money, so don't miss the opportunity to keep your wallet tight.

The use of brick fighting

Broken brick can be used in the following works:

1. - Preparing concrete
2. — Podsypka under the screed,
3. - Improvement of paths
4. — Filling gabions,
5. - Road alignment
6. — Landscaping of the territory.

We note right away that you can use the battle of red and white bricks, while the white battle is more durable, it is not so afraid of moisture and does not crumble under its influence into building dust.

Backfill and concrete

Fight is an excellent replacement for gravel in the production of concrete, the proportion of broken bricks in the mortar can be from 5% to ¼. Such concrete withstands the load well, does not crack and does not exfoliate under the influence of temperature and humidity changes.

Also, with a brick battle, expanded clay can be replaced when pouring under the screed. In this case, you do not have to order additional material and you can save. It is important when using a cullet for backfilling to reinforce the screed with a metal mesh, which is laid on top of the backfill, under the screed. Mesh cell size from 20/20 mm.

Paths and roads

With the help of the battle, you can level the road near your house. To do this, broken white or red brick is poured into road bumps and rammed with a manual rammer. Such "patches" will keep the health of the car, and you will not have to remember "fools and roads" when leaving the cottage.

By fighting you can strengthen and decorate the tracks on the territory of a country house. To do this, the path is first trimmed, 3-7 cm of battlefield is poured over the ground and it is rammed. If you have a broken brick of two colors, you can mix it and sprinkle the path with such a combined material - it's beautiful and practical, because walking in the autumn slush along a solid path without puddles is more pleasant than along a swampy path.

Broken brick perfectly passes moisture, and after tamping it becomes an almost monolithic solid layer.

gabions

Bricks can be used to fill gabions, that is, structures of various shapes, which are made of a metal mesh with cells of different diameters. On a suburban area, gabions are used to create enclosing structures near pools, flower beds and even fences.

Broken bricks are poured into the gabion with a fine mesh until the structure is completely filled. Before backfilling, you can sift the battle, after which large pieces are sent to the gabion, a trifle is used in concrete work and for decorating paths.

landscape works

If there are a lot of irregularities on your suburban area, then they can be leveled with a brick battle. In this case, there will be no subsidence of the soil at the work site, the site will become flat, like an alpine lawn. It is important to add brick in such a way that there is room to put fertile soil on top - nothing will grow on burnt clay.

The accuracy of the leveling of the site is best controlled by a laser level, it will also help to divide the site into separate landscape zones.

Do not write off to get rid of the brick battle if, by the will of fate, you have it. This material can find many applications in landscape, construction or repair work.

Brick foundations appeared much earlier than concrete foundations. Currently, they are used in private construction for the construction of houses up to three floors. Subject to the technology, the brick foundation is not inferior in strength to concrete, and you can make it yourself without involving heavy equipment. How to make a strip or column foundation of brick with your own hands, what kind of brick is needed and in what cases are such bases suitable?

When can I make a brick foundation

The foundation, laid out of brick, is not suitable for all cases. Before choosing the type of foundation, you need to know the condition of the soil and the level of groundwater.

Attention! It is possible to make a brick foundation only on dry, solid, non-porous and non-flowing soil and at a low level of groundwater.

If the soil is somewhat mobile, then the foundation of ceramic red brick can only be laid out on a pre-poured concrete reinforced base. With high-lying groundwater, it is necessary to use special mortar components that will not allow the material to collapse from moisture.

It is impossible to build houses higher than three floors on a brick foundation. This foundation is best suited for houses made of light materials:

• wooden,
• frame,
• from foam concrete.

Such a foundation is not suitable for a house made of brick, monolithic concrete.

Pros and cons of a brick base

To decide whether in a particular case it is worth choosing a brick or concrete foundation, you should be aware of its advantages and disadvantages.

1. It has better thermal insulation properties than concrete.
2. With well-conducted waterproofing, it will last no less than a concrete counterpart.
3. It goes well with any materials at home, looks beautiful even without additional decoration.
4. In case of damage, the brick base is easier to repair.
5. The brick base is less destroyed on moving ground, since it is itself to some extent mobile.
6. It is easy to do it yourself.

However, this material also has disadvantages:

1. With the same dimensions, a brick base will come out almost twice as expensive as a concrete one.
2. However, it is less reliable than concrete.

What brick to use

The foundation holds the weight of the whole house, so you need to choose the highest quality materials for it. Brick for it must meet the following requirements:

• have no voids
• strength grade - from 150,
• frost resistance - at least 35 cycles,
• density - 1600 kg / cubic meter,
• water absorption - 6-16%.

These requirements are met by the so-called iron brick or clinker, the disadvantage of the latter is the high price. Silicate brick for the foundation cannot be used, only full-bodied ceramic is used.

Important! When buying, pay attention to quality. Burnt or underfired material has lower strength. A sign of poor firing is a scarlet color, a sign of “overexposure” is concave or convex edges.

Types of brick foundation

Brick bases can be strip or column bases. How to choose which foundation to make?

The red brick column foundation is suitable for light buildings, such as frame and panel buildings, gazebos and wooden baths. The advantages of this type are low price, no need to make blind areas, you can do it yourself. Disadvantages - good waterproofing is needed, subject to frost heaving of the soil.

The tape base is more durable, it is made in the case when a basement or basement is planned in the house.

Strip foundation

Before you build a strip foundation, make markings. Mark the corners and perimeter of the building, and then the location of the interior walls.

Trench

For a strip base, both deep and shallow, they dig a trench. For a shallow depth, its depth will be about 50 cm. The higher the soil moisture, the wider it should be. The bottom of the trench is rammed, then a sand cushion is poured and rammed again.

concrete base

If the foundation is intended for the house, a concrete base must be poured under it. For light outbuildings, this can be neglected. To pour concrete, formwork is made about 5 cm wide wider than the intended brick base and about 10 cm high. It is lined with roofing material, concrete is poured and left for 2-3 days.

Solution

For the lower underground part, a sand-cement mortar is used in a ratio of 3: 1; for the basement, a cement-lime mortar can be used.

masonry

You can lay out a brick in any standard way. Corrugated reinforcing bars are placed above the first row and in front of the last. Wire mesh is used for transverse reinforcement.

Column Foundation

For a columnar foundation, rectangular or square pillars are made. Their size depends on the load on them.

• For a one-story house made of lightweight material, poles 38 * 38 cm or 38 * 51 cm are sufficient.
• The columns under the internal load-bearing walls are made thinner, usually 25 * 38 cm.
• For a two-story house, the size of all pillars must be at least 51 * 51 cm.

First of all, it is necessary that the base is even and solid. It is impossible to fill up the pits immediately before starting work, then the soil will not be dense enough. Then the site is marked.

In selected places, they dig rectangular pits 50-80 cm deep, slightly larger than the thickness of the pillars - leave a margin for backfilling.

Geotextiles are laid at the bottom of the pits, and sand or small gravel is poured on it, leveled and carefully compacted. Geotextiles are needed so that the sand does not go into the ground. Roofing material is placed on top - it waterproofs the lower surface of the column.

The solution is made from cement M-400 or M-500.

Then in the pits you need to lay out the pillars. Every 4 rows of bricks, a reinforcing mesh is laid, made of 5-6 mm wire.

Each layer of masonry is checked with a level - it must be strictly horizontal, all pillars must be in the same horizontal plane.

Under the intersections of the walls, pillars of 51 * 51 cm are made, in other places - 38 * 38.

Waterproofing

For a brick foundation, waterproofing is required. Without it, the building material will quickly begin to break down with moisture from the soil.

For waterproofing, roofing material or more modern roll materials are used. You can also coat the foundation with bitumen. Additionally, you can dig a trench and put a perforated drainage pipe in it.

plinth

Usually the basement of the house is laid out from the same brick from which the foundation was made. Sometimes it is possible to use silicate brick for the base of the foundation, but this is not recommended. It is possible to clad the walls and the plinth with bricks, then this must be taken into account when laying out the foundation and expand it by about 12 cm - this is the standard thickness of the facing brick.

Brick for facing the foundation is a special facing or clinker brick. Which brick is better for the basement, everyone decides for himself, both of these options are durable and have all the properties of building bricks, they look beautiful. The cladding can be connected to the walls in many ways, how to do this - see the video.

Broken brick foundation

Is it possible to make a foundation from broken bricks as an additive to concrete? Indeed, broken bricks, for example, from an old house, are used in private construction as an additive to concrete instead of crushed stone, however, concrete of a high strength class cannot be obtained in this way. It is possible to make in this way the basis for a small light structure (arbors, verandas, extensions). To obtain a satisfactory result, the following rules must be observed:

• use only full-bodied ceramic, not silicate brick,
• grind it down
• add it in an amount not more than 1/3 of the volume,
• concentrate the brick in the center of the structure.

It should be noted that in any case, the foundation, laid out of brick or cast from concrete, will be much stronger and more reliable. Under the house, professionals categorically do not recommend making a foundation using old broken bricks.

Conclusion

Thus, a brick base is not suitable for all buildings and not for all types of soil, but in cases where it can be used, it is not inferior in properties to concrete. Brick can be used to make a strip or column foundation for both the house and the garage, gazebos, and baths. In order for the base to serve for a long time, its proper waterproofing is necessary.

Broken brick foundation, pros and cons.

The foundation is an important part of any construction. The strength of the foundation determines how long the structure will last. Because if the foundation collapses, the whole building will collapse.

Often, during construction, a lot of broken brick remains, and, naturally, you want to use it somewhere, so that the good does not disappear. In this connection, many people have a question: - is it possible to add broken bricks to concrete? Let's look into this issue.

Is it possible to add a brick battle to the foundation

Such material as brick has long been used not only for the construction of various buildings, but also as a foundation. A similar option has become widespread in the construction of private houses with a height of no more than 3 floors.

In addition, when pouring a brick foundation, the following points should be considered:

• The soil must be solid, dry, not loose and not loose.
• The level of groundwater should be low.

But, even if the soil is slightly mobile, then a brick foundation can be laid out, but first you need to fill in a reinforced concrete base.

If the groundwater is high, then in this case additional special components are used that are added to the solution to prevent the destruction of the material from moisture.

Only having decided to use a brick for the foundation, it should be borne in mind that its service life is much less compared to the concrete version.

In this case, the question may be of interest: “Is it possible to add broken bricks to concrete?”. This will be discussed in this material.

What is boot and how to use it

Booth, or, in other words, a broken brick, appears as a result of the demolition of various brick structures, for example, houses, outbuildings and other objects. Also, secondary brick raw materials are obtained during the production of bricks directly at factories.

It is inevitable to get broken bricks in the process of laying out brickwork.

The use of secondary brick raw materials is very diverse.

It is applied:

• For strengthening the soil on steep slopes.
• As a base for paving during the construction of local roads, especially in swampy areas.
• Fireclay brick cullet is used as a filler for mixing refractory mixtures and possibly other applications.

Is it possible to add brick to the foundation

Booth, also, can be used when pouring the foundation. But only when building small, one-story buildings. However, this option is not advisable to apply if you plan to build a house.

Even deciding to replace part of the rubble with a brick battle, in the manufacture of a concrete mixture, it should be understood that such a foundation will be less durable than solid brick or concrete. In addition, the service life of the foundation made of broken bricks will be significantly lower.

Also, there are several nuances when using buta in masonry:

• For the manufacture of a concrete mixture with the replacement of part of the crushed stone with a quarrystone, only ceramic cullet of medium grinding is suitable.
• Of the total volume of crushed stone, the brick battle can be no more than 1/3 of the part.
• The concrete mixture using buta should be concentrated in the center of the foundation of the future building in order to reduce the level of moisture absorption.

Broken brick foundation, masonry options

To create a foundation of broken bricks, you can also use another masonry option:

• Having dug a trench under the foundation, first a 10 cm sand mound is made, which will serve as a pillow.
• Next, a 10-cm layer of concrete with reinforcement is poured. It is desirable that the reinforcement be completely covered with concrete.
• Further, a booth of red, burnt brick is poured in an even layer. At the same time, it is allowed to use both solid secondary brick material and fragments of medium or small size, up to crushed stone.
• Next, a new layer is poured with liquid concrete. The fact is that between the fragments of a brick, the occurrence of gaps is inevitable. And the smaller they are, the stronger the foundation. Therefore, in this case, liquid concrete is used, which is able to fill these gaps to the maximum.
• After pouring liquid concrete, you should wait a little time for the gaps to be filled with the composition, and only after that it is possible to compact the rubble concrete.
• Then re-reinforcement of the base is carried out using reinforcement rods. In this case, it is most preferable to use a reinforcement frame for this layer.
• Next, the concrete is poured again and the buta is backfilled.

Layers should be alternated until the basement formwork trench is completely filled.

Conclusion

Asking the question of whether it is possible to add a brick to the foundation, then in principle this option is quite realistic to use. Only in this case it is necessary, necessarily, to comply with certain conditions.

This applies to both masonry techniques and pouring. In addition, the use of broken bricks is not recommended in the construction of residential buildings above one floor. Since the strength of such a foundation will be significantly lower than reinforced concrete.