Fungicides for indoor plants: types and names. Fungicides for plants - contact, systemic, their use Biological fungicides in tablets for plants Names
Many gardeners began to grow various crops on their site. In order for plants to grow healthy, fungicides must be used at all stages of planting and growing. To choose the right drug, you need to know what fungicides for plants are, how they work. Before using any drug, read the instructions for use. With the right approach to processing, the beds are rarely attacked by pests.
What are fungicides?
A fungicide is a chemical preparation responsible for the prevention, prevention of development, as well as the destruction of bacteria and fungi that can cause all kinds of diseases. At the moment, there are several types of drugs that are divided into categories.
- Therapeutic - are used if pests or diseases appear on the plantings.
- Contact - provide protection only to those parts of the plant on which they are located.
- Protective - used as a preventive measure for healthy plants.
- Systemic - able to spread throughout the plant and protect new shoots.
These products are used before planting, during growth, and also at the time of winter dormancy, depending on the type of plant and the fungicide used. All drugs have their own time of action, depending on the active substance, as well as on the amount of time when the remedy was on the plant. The greatest effect can be achieved if treated with an average frequency of 3-5 times at intervals of 10-13 days.
Chemical and biological fungicides
Fungicides are different, and depending on the purpose of application, you need to choose the best option. It must be remembered that all drugs penetrate into plants and can accumulate in fruits, pose a danger to humans. Before buying any funds, carefully read the instructions for use.
Each package must be labeled with a hazard class. Chemical fungicides contain both hazardous and non-hazardous substances that, if used improperly, can harm humans or animals. Mercury, iron, nickel and sulfur compounds are sometimes present in varying proportions.
Do not use drugs without protective clothing and a special mask. Chemical fungicides are used for a persistent effect on entire settlements of fungal infections. If plantings are slightly affected, use chemicals with a minimum concentration of harmful substances.
Chemical
Active substances in this category are chemical compounds. One of the erroneous actions of novice gardeners is to buy products that suggest high efficiency when using a small amount of the drug.
Among chemical fungicides, effective agents can be distinguished despite their chemical structure, which are popular among experienced gardeners. It is possible to carry out treatment with chemical fungicides of contact action only before the buds begin to ripen or after harvesting the fruits.
Means of chemical action:
- Copper vitriol.
- Oksikh.
- Zineb.
- Tiram.
- Bordeaux liquid.
- Soda ash with adhesive.
Biological
Now the market has a large number of biological fungicides, some of which are contact action. The main component of the biofungicidal action, in contrast to the chemical one, is an active bacterium, which has a negative effect on the cause of fungal diseases in plants.
Such products do not cause much harm to the human body, fish, animals and insects. The advantage of biological fungicides is that they can be applied during the entire growth period of the plant. The most effective drugs, according to most experienced gardeners, are:
- Trichodermin.
- Albite.
- Planzier.
- Agate.
- Phytosporin.
- Alirin-B.
Fungicides are distributed according to the purpose of application for:
- Seed protectors.
- Preparations for tillage.
- Substances for working with plants during their dormant period.
- Substances for work during the growing season.
- Preparations for processing storages of vegetables and grains.
But for ease of use, many universal preparations are now being created, which, due to their characteristics and properties, can be used in several directions. It should be noted that some contact fungicides are able to penetrate the upper seed coats.
10 effective drugs
These fungicides have proven to be effective among gardeners. Many drug names are known and in demand. Choose low and medium toxicity chemicals. For active infestations, use contact and systemic fungicides.
Before buying any type of fungicide, consider what result you want to get, the type and variety of the plant, and the degree of infection. To find the best drug, you need to try different means of protection.
Speed
Means with an active spectrum of action. Apply to garden, indoor plants. The concentrate is perfectly used on fruit crops such as gooseberries, currants, tomatoes, potatoes. Let's combine with many types of pesticides that simplifies conditions of its use.
The active ingredient is difenoconazole. The activity of the drug depends on its expiration date. After preparing the solution, it must be used immediately. Seeds of indoor crops can be soaked before planting for disinfection. The dosage depends on the type of seedling.
Topaz
The preparation is developed in the form of a concentrated emulsion. A systemic remedy against fungal diseases, relieves plantings of rust, powdery mildew. Excellent effect on the fungus at the initial stage of infection.
With the active manifestation of the infection, it is used in tandem with any contact fungicide. The active substance is penconazole. Application interval 1-2 weeks. The price is affordable, in demand.
Quadris
The drug for the active fight against fungal diseases, has a therapeutic and prophylactic effect. Low toxicity and easy to use. Possesses good absorption, gets into all parts of a plant. The active substance is azoxystrobin.
The tool has a prolonged action, after the first treatment it lasts 15 days. The drug is sprayed on the leaves of the plant in calm, dry weather.
strobi
A fungicide with an active and broad action. Suitable for vegetables, fruit trees, cereals and wild plants in central Russia. Actively removes powdery mildew, scab and rust. The effect can be seen after 2-3 treatments. Sold in the form of granules. The active ingredient is xerozyme - methyl.
Once in the soil, the fungicide instantly decomposes, does not pollute water bodies. To prepare the mixture, 5 grams of the drug is dissolved in a bucket of water. Use strobi immediately after preparation. Treated with a sprayer during the growing season.
Falcon
This drug has proven its effectiveness, it is used in the processing of grapes, beets and cereals. Thanks to the use of various active ingredients in the emulsion, the product acts on the entire plant.
Falcon contains: tebuconazole, spiroxamine, triadimenol. When infected, plantings are treated from 1 to 4 times, depending on the type of plant. The price for 1 liter is 2000 thousand rubles.
Horus
A fungicide that is used to treat fruit, pome, stone fruit crops. It has proven itself in the treatment of scab, curl, rot of fruit crops and other diseases. Sold in the form of granules for further production of the solution.
The main advantage is washout resistance. After rain or in wet weather at a temperature of +15 degrees, the drug remains on the plantings. May be used with other means. The active ingredient is cyprodinil. Release form - granules, from which the mixture for processing is prepared. You can process 2-4 weeks before harvest.
Maxim
A drug related to the type of contact fungicides. The tool fights fungi of the Ascomycetes class. It is distinguished by its high efficiency, since it belongs to a new chemical class of phenylpyrroles. Good for potato roots, bulbs, garden and houseplants.
The active ingredient is fludioxonil. The composition of the fungicide is considered unique, as it is similar to natural antifungal properties. To achieve an effective result, one treatment can be carried out.
Switch
Combined, effective tool in the fight against gray mold on grapes. It is used for treatment and prevention, inhibits the development of harmful microbes. Granules are used to prepare the mixture. The drug belongs to the third class of danger to humans and bees.
It has good resistance to flushing, prevents rotting of fruits, improves the keeping quality of grapes for transportation, preserves the vine. Adapted to work with different temperatures. Contains two active ingredients: fludioxonil and cyprodinil.
cabrio
Modern fungicide, which belongs to the type of contact. Effectively fights fungus even with a high degree of infection. Produced in the form of granules for further preparation of the solution. Can be used as a pesticide and fungicide.
Combination with other drugs contributes to the complex opposition of the lesion, reduces the risk of resistance.
Easily dissolves, leaves no dust, easy to spray. You can wait a long time between treatments.
Thanos
The agent is supplied in the form of water-dispersible granules for dilution. It has an active effect, it is well fixed on the surface of landings. An important note is that its use is permissible no more than 4 times in one season.
The agent is resistant to washing off, has a therapeutic and prophylactic effect to combat alternariosis, late blight, powdery mildew, white and gray rot. It is actively used for processing potatoes, tomatoes. You can buy a fungicide on the market, on the Internet, in specialized stores.
Instructions for the use of fungicides
First of all, it is worth remembering that when working with a list of drugs of similar action, there are a number of generally accepted rules:
- 1. Work while using a respirator or medical mask.
- 2. Protect the mucous membrane of the eyes with transparent glasses from getting the product.
- 3. Wash hands and exposed areas of the body with soap and water after handling horticultural crops.
- 4. Perform activities only if your clothing is closed and protected from chemicals.
- 5. Do not eat or smoke while working.
- 6. Processing must be carried out with the condition that there are no children and animals nearby.
- 7. Store chemicals in a dry place.
When working with fungicides you need:
- 1. Follow the previously studied instructions for the selected product. Do not apply to the drug instructions that are attached to another type of fungicide, because they may have a different spectrum of action and conditions of use.
- 2. Contact fungicides are applied only during the period when precipitation is not expected. Between the treatment and the ingress of water on the horticultural crop, at least 2-3 hours should elapse. Spraying with a medicinal preparation acts only on the surface of the plant, therefore, the main task is to keep the fungicide in place for as long as possible.
- 3. It is very important to follow the irrigation repetitions recommended in the instructions with the help of fungicides. No less important is what active drug is included in the composition of the product. Fungicides with the same active drugs are recommended not to be taken together. This will contribute to the development of resistance of pathogenic organisms to the substance used.
- 4. Despite the fact that systemic preparations are quite strong and act almost immediately after application, you should not use them before rain or at a time when liquids can get on the plantings.
- 5. If a hazardous substance enters the human body, drink a large amount of water, then induce vomiting and call an ambulance.
The working solution should only be used in suitable weather conditions. If the weather is windy, it is better to refrain from using funds. If the plant is too affected, then systemic fungicides should be chosen, which are used not only by spraying, but also by watering the plant under the root.
Fungi are a serious problem, they contribute to the development of various diseases that affect flowers, garden plants, vegetables and berries, soil. In order to protect vegetables and fruits from diseases, as well as to prevent re-infection, gardeners use biological fungicides for plants. Below we provide a list of biofungicides with names and descriptions.
Application of fungicides
Fungicides are used in several ways.
- Etching. Seeds and tubers of plants are treated with a fungicide (dry powder or preparation dissolved in water) before sowing / planting.
- Spraying and dusting. The aerial parts of plants are treated with a fungicide solution using sprayers. Often, spraying is carried out several times per season: as a rule, in early spring and late autumn. Also, greenhouses and storage facilities are often treated in this way.
- Incorporation into the soil. Fungicides in the form of a powder are applied to the soil during digging, and the soil is shed with preparations dissolved in water. This destroys pathogenic fungi living in the earth.
Fungicide toxicity
Types of fungicides
Depending on the form of the substance, such mixtures are sold as powders, emulsions, liquid solutions or emulsions. Moreover, any of the forms is easily soluble in water, which simplifies the processing process.
Depending on the composition of the mixture, two types of fungicides are distinguished:
- inorganic;
- biological.
Inorganic are a mixture of various chemicals (up to hazard class 4 for humans). The basis for such mixtures is ground or colloidal sulfur, mercury chloride, copper chloride or copper sulfate.
Biofungicide Abiga-peak
It contains copper chloride. Local biological preparation in the form of a suspension. It is characterized by the fact that it has a wide spectrum of action. Its purpose is to carry out the destruction of fungi that form on the vine, on vegetable, industrial, fruit, ornamental crops, as well as on medicinal plants and flowers.
Possesses moderate toxicity, if to correspond to the recommended doses, it is not phytotoxic. Proportions: 40 g / 10 liters of water.
Biofungicide Hom
Hom, a systemic local fungicide containing copper oxychloride, will help fight the disease of vegetable, fruit and ornamental crops. Sold in sachets of 20 and 40 g. Effective in the treatment of apple and pear scab, plum fruit rot, vine mildew, peach leaf curl. The working solution is prepared at the rate of 40 g of the substance per 10 liters of water. It is recommended to carry out 2-3 treatments for indoor plants and up to 5 treatments for horticultural crops.
Biofungicide Trichodermin
This biological fungicide is highly effective in combating pathogens of fungal and bacterial diseases. The composition of the biofungicide contains spores of the soil fungus Trichoderma lignorum and crushed grain substrate.
The drug is able to eliminate more than 60 varieties of pathogenic organisms that cause all kinds of diseases, including:
- root rot;
- seminal infections;
- fusarium and other troubles.
The action of active substances causes an improvement in soil fertility, a rapid saturation of the root system with additional nutrients, as well as an increase in the germination of planting material.
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To prepare a suspension where the seeds will be soaked, it is enough to take 10 grams of the drug and dilute it in one liter of water. If the product is used by watering plants, then the optimal dosage will be the same as in the previous case. When watering, it is important to deliver the suspension directly under the root, using medium portions of water.
A ready-made spray solution is created as follows: 10 grams of the product is supplied per 5 liters of water.
Trichodermin has an excellent preventive effect during transplantation work. In this case, the consumption rate is determined as follows: on a 25-cm (in diameter) pot, such an amount of the drug is used that is placed on the tip of a knife.
Biofungicide Mikosan
Allows you to protect fruit and vegetable crops from fungi, bacteria and viruses. The mechanism of action is based on the penetration of fungi into plant cells and the destruction of cells affected by pathogens with pathogens. The active substance "Mikosan" was isolated from the cells of the fungus of the genus Trutovik. It penetrates into the cell tissues of plants and stimulates the formation of enzymes in plants. They have the ability to destroy the cell membranes of phytopathogenic fungi. It can be effectively used during the fruiting period. There are a lot of useful properties: Strengthening the immunity of plants Improvement of mineral nutrition of plants Safe for humans, insects and animals Helps to increase the activity of intrasoil microorganisms The drug provides a high and long-term protective reaction of plants against a wide range of diseases, increases the resistance of plants to adverse climatic conditions.
Biofungicide Alirin-B
Biological fungicide for the suppression of fungal diseases in the soil and on plants (soil microflora - Bacillus subtilis VIZR-10, titer 109 CFU/g), similar in composition and action to phytosporin. Recommended: as a therapeutic and prophylactic agent, effectively suppresses pathogens of fungal diseases on all types of horticultural crops and indoor plants.
Hazard class: 4 (low hazardous substance). Safe for humans, animals, fish, bees, beneficial entomofauna and the environment
Biofungicide Gamair
Gamair is a biofungicide that is used against:
- bacteriosis, spotting, bacterial cancer and rot (bacterial diseases),
- scab and moniliosis (fungal diseases).
This drug prevents the development of bacterial and fungal diseases of seedlings and adult plants. Produced in the form of tablets.
Fungus is a problem found on various types of plants. This microorganism is capable of causing many different diseases that adversely affect the flowering and fertility of crops. Fungicides will help protect and cure plants.
What are "fungicides"?
These are drugs of chemical or biological origin. They are used to treat and prevent diseases that are caused by the development of fungi. Such preparations have been developed for both outdoor and indoor plants. The timely use of fungicides allows you to protect crops from various diseases, as well as significantly increase yields.
Means are produced in the form of powder, tablets, spray, granules. They dissolve well in liquids and are easy to use.
Effect on the plant
There are two main groups of fungicides. They differ from each other not only in composition, but also in action. Knowing the differences and features of the tool, you can achieve high results in a short time.
Contact
This species is intended for the prevention and treatment of plants from diseases. The main advantage of contact fungicides is that they are not addictive in crops. The period of action of such a substance does not exceed twelve days. After the first shower, the plants need to be re-treated.
Contact fungicides do not enter the plant. They only protect the areas they are in. Therefore, when spraying, both the upper and lower parts of the leafy plates should be carefully treated. The effectiveness of the product depends on many factors, namely the chemical properties and weather conditions.
Systemic
Preparations of this group are able not only to protect plants in the area of application, but also to spread to other areas. The hallmark of systemic fungicides is that they can penetrate.
Advice! Since fungi are able to develop resistance to systemic drugs, in order to stop such a process, it is recommended to use the agent no more than 2 times per season for one crop.
Systemic preparations effectively act at different stages of plant disease, and are also able to protect new growths from infection. Liquids after two to six hours after treatment are not affected by atmospheric precipitation. Even with the ingress of a large amount of water, they do not lose their original properties. The period of action of system mixtures is from 2 to 3 weeks.
Biological fungicides
This type of tool has a number of positive aspects. To create it, live bacteria are used, which negatively affect pathogens of fungal diseases. Biological mixtures of contact action are not capable of harming the human body, animals, insects and fish.
Advantages:
- the exposure period is about 14 days;
- non-toxic;
- economical consumption.
If chemical preparations can be used only before flowering and after full harvest, then it is allowed to treat plants with biological mixtures during the growing season.
Application methods
There are several methods for applying fungicides. Each of them has its own characteristics in use. In addition to disinfecting soil, grains and plants, fungicides can be used to treat crop storage facilities (grain, vegetables).
For soil
The main task of fungicides is soil disinfection. Contact mixtures can be used before and after sowing. The substrate is processed by watering, applying a dry preparation, followed by irrigation. The fungicide can be used for both continuous and row application.
For plants
Leaves and other parts of terrestrial plants should be treated with a sprayer. To do this, you can use both manual devices and professional devices. Spraying should only be done in calm weather. It is best to do this in the morning or evening.
Advice! To work as efficiently as possible, the device should be set to minimum spray. This will help the product coat the top and bottom of the leaf blades.
This method of processing plants is often used at home. The number of procedures depends on how long the drug retains its properties on the surface of the leaves.
For seeds
The most effective way is to treat the seeds before sowing. To do this, you can use both dry and liquid forms of the drug. The most popular method is the processing of grains with powder. Seed treatment with moisture is also widely used. After this treatment, they must be thoroughly dried.
Often, stimulating mixtures are applied over fungicides, as a result of which a kind of capsule is formed. When it hits the ground, it collapses.
List of drugs
All types of fungicides have their own characteristics and a different method of application. There are a huge number of drugs on sale, some of them are especially popular among gardeners and summer residents.
Fitosporin
A mixture is produced on the basis of living cells and spores of natural bacteria. The tool is used for outdoor and indoor plants. Phytosporin fights various diseases. It is used against scab, wilting, late blight, black leg, rot of the root system.
Bordeaux mixture
A plant spray is used. The active ingredients are copper sulfate and calcium hydroxide. After treatment, the drug retains its ability to up to two weeks. This tool is compatible with almost all types of pesticides, with the exception of those that include thiram.
Hom
The main component is copper oxychloride. The agent has a contact and systemic-local action. The drug perfectly copes with pathogens of fungal diseases. Do not use at air temperatures above 30 0 C.
Horus
It is applied to protection of different types of plants. Used in liquid form. 120 minutes after application, the product is resistant to moisture and heavy rains. Horus can also be used in tank mixes and combined with fungicides such as Skor and Topaz.
Fundazol
Belongs to the group of systemic fungicides, has a wide spectrum of action. The liquid perfectly fights fungal and other types of diseases at different stages of damage. Fundazol can be used with other types of mixtures, except for those that have an alkaline reaction.
Topaz
Designed for bushes, trees and undersized plants. The main ingredient is penconazole. Topaz is a moderately dangerous remedy. The last treatment should be carried out at least two weeks before harvest.
strobi
It is applied in the form of a solution. The agent dissolves well in the substrate and water, without polluting the environment. Absolutely safe for human and animal life.
Agate
In addition to the protective properties, the tool also increases productivity. The mixture favorably affects the root system and at times increases the germination of grains. Produced in the form of a paste. Plants should be treated up to four times per summer.
Bravo
It is often used for fungal infections of pepper, wheat, potatoes and other types of vegetables. The period of action of the drug is maintained for two weeks. Bravo is the best remedy for late blight and peresporosis.
Bona Forte
This species was created to treat and prevent diseases of domestic plants. Excellent against powdery mildew and rust. Bona Forte actively affects the development of the root system, and also increases the immunity of crops.
Gamair
This tool belongs to the biological group of drugs. Designed for the prevention and treatment of indoor and outdoor flowers. You can also spray them on other crops. Gamair is available in tablets.
Alirin
Used for irrigation and spraying. The drug is produced in the form of tablets. Alirin is recommended to be used two or three times during the summer. The interval between procedures should be at least 7 days.
Gliocladin
Biological agent. Used to treat rot. Can be used for outdoor and indoor crops. The drug is valid for 45 days.
Quadris
It fights well against late blight and powdery mildew. The main component is azoxystrobin. The first result is observed five days after spraying.
Kurzat
A feature of the tool is that the components that make up its composition are able to destroy pathogen spores. The mixture is non-toxic and safe for living organisms. It is used for preventive and therapeutic purposes.
Maxim
Refers to the contact type. It can be used not only to treat plants, but also to disinfect the soil. It copes well with fusarium, root rot and mold. Produced in vials of two milliliters.
Vectra
This type of fungicide is used to treat powdery mildew and scab. Trees should be sprayed with a solution prepared from 10 liters of water and two liters of the drug. The last procedure should be carried out no later than 10 days before harvesting.
Mikosan
The drug belongs to the group of biological agents. The mixture works by increasing the resistance of plants to pathogenic fungi. The components that make up the tool stimulate the formation of lectins.
Ordan
It is produced in the form of a powder of a snow-white, yellowish tint. The tool copes well with diseases that affect potatoes, cucumbers, tomatoes, grapes. The prepared solution is used for spraying the ground part of the crops.
Oksikhom
This is a non-toxic drug. It is presented in packages of 4 grams. Crops are treated by spraying. The product should be used no more than three times a season. The interval between procedures should not exceed 14 days.
Instructions for use
Before you start working with fungicides, you should carefully read the safety rules. Treatment with the drug should be carried out only in special clothing and gloves. After the procedure, wash the suit, and wash your hands and face with soap and water.
It is also worth remembering that the prepared product cannot be stored for longer than a day. The liquid loses its beneficial properties and becomes ineffective for plants. The drug should be prepared in a container that is not intended for eating. It is recommended to store purchased mixtures at room temperature in a dark place.
Conclusion
Plant diseases are the main problem of every summer resident. The correct use of fungicides will help to solve such a difficult situation. Thanks to the unique properties of the preparations, it is easy to get the desired yield.
This year has a record wet summer. And we see a record number of diseases on our plants. And I want ripe fruits on healthy and strong bushes - like these, for example:
And gardeners go to the nearest garden center, where dozens of preparations in beautiful packaging are displayed on the shelves. Eyes run wide, knowledge is not enough. The gardener buys what the seller advises, but sees no effect. Then the gardener turns to neighbors for advice, to cheap mass newspapers advertising folk remedies ... Plants wither and die.
To avoid such situations, let's talk about modern fungicides that help protect plants from diseases caused by pathogenic fungi.
Diagnostic nuances
Most often, the gardener meets with fungal diseases on tomatoes.
Alternaria in the greenhouse
If signs of a disease appear on my tomatoes (for example, the plant does not grow like that, the color of the leaves has changed, some spots have appeared) - I open pictures of tomato diseases on the Internet and decide for myself what happened to them first: either they are pests, or lack of nutrients, or poisoned soil, or disease.
If I come to the conclusion that my plants are sick, then I decide whether the disease is caused by bacteria or fungi. The right choice of prevention and treatment depends on this.
Alternariosis in the ground
In more than 70% of cases on tomatoes, the gardener encounters typical diseases caused by fungi - this is either late blight or alternariosis (dry spotting). In the open field since August it is almost always; in the greenhouse since July - Alternaria.
To treat late blight, you need to have a general idea, how fungi attack plants. Almost always, in order for the fungus to show aggression, high humidity and even a water film on the leaf and fruits are needed. Therefore, we are so afraid of morning dew in the soil and high humidity in the greenhouse.
The leaf is usually protected by a thick epidermis, the fungus does not pass through it, but the leaf is covered with brittle hairs. When we touch, injure tender leaves, or pests injure a leaf, a fungus immediately penetrates into these microtraumas that have not had time to overgrow.
But the plant is always ready to fight, it turns on the immune forces, produces new protective enzymes that destroy the fungus, or vice versa, causes the necrosis and drying of its tissues so that the fungus stops multiplying without food.
Let's talk about late blight and late blight
Initially, large blurry brownish-brown necrotic spots appear on the leaves, stems and fruits. Then, at different speeds, all the leaves dry out and the fruits turn black.There are several forms and races of mushrooms, and therefore the degree and form of damage to tomatoes (as well as potatoes) differs from year to year and depending on the area.
Spores of the fungus through stomata or wounds quickly grow deep into the form of a mycelium, braid tissue cells and suck out the juices of the plant. Then a white coating quickly appears on the leaf - this fungus has begun to sporulate. The spores are carried by the wind and can remain in the soil and on plant debris until next year. Therefore, it is so important to either burn the remains of tomatoes and potatoes or bury them deep. Tomato seeds can also store such spores, so I disinfect the seeds Vitaros- it does not burn the seeds and the embryo, like potassium permanganate.
I'm trying change tomato beds every year and do not plant them near potatoes. This is the main thing in . After all, small doses of spores in the air, which are always present, do not affect strong healthy plants. Only the focus of large doses of infection in the soil in the garden where tomatoes or potatoes grew is terrible. No less harmful are the spores blown by the wind from a diseased potato field - they will very quickly destroy your tomatoes with any prevention.
From immunity stimulants It is worth using only immunocytophyte. The remaining dozens of such drugs do not work so reliably and are more difficult to use, more precisely, they depend on many conditions for their use. The same zircon and epin, for example, can often backfire in inept hands.
About "drugs" against fungi - fungicides
This year I sowed eggplant seeds from China. And all the plants had a disease unknown to me early. None of the fungicides helped, only antibiotics (metronidazole + streptomycin) managed to stop the disease. It turned out to be a Fusarium fungus that penetrated through the roots from infected seeds.
But most of the fungal diseases that affect our plants can be eliminated with the help of available fungicides. It is only important to choose the right drug and use it correctly.
Quadris
Active ingredient: azaxystrobin, 250 g/l. New system broad spectrum fungicide to protect vegetable crops from a complex of diseases. Belongs to a new class of drugs - strobilurins. It suppresses the pathogen when it hits the leaf.The eradicating effect of Quadris makes it possible to stop the spread and development of infection in the area. This is one of the few preparations that protect vegetable crops. from all major diseases: powdery mildew, late blight, macrosporiosis, downy mildew, spotting and others.
Strobilurins less harmful to humans. But they do not kill the fungus completely: after 1 - 2 weeks, it wakes up again and strikes the plant with renewed vigor.
Ridomil Gold
The most effective of the drugs available for sale, perhaps, may be Ridomil Gold. It is a fungicide of contact-systemic action to combat late blight, Alternaria and other fungal diseases. Active ingredient: 40 g/kg of mefenoxam + 640 g/kg of mancozeb.
Tomato leaf in the open field in August. Helped Ridomil Gold
Mefenoxam provides internal protection, quickly penetrates the plant and kills all fungi, is especially effective against fungi from the class of oomycetes (causative agents of downy mildew). Mancozeb provides external protection and is an effective contact fungicide. The double action of the drug is decisive: thanks to it, the plant is protected both from the inside and outside.
And further It is important to know: fungi easily develop resistance to fungicides acting inside the plant. And they are usually always sensitive to those who act outside.
Thanos
Thanos is even more effective - a fungicide that is resistant to washing off with a healing effect to combat Alternaria and late blight of tomatoes and potatoes, white and gray rot, downy mildew. Active ingredients: 250 g/l famoxadone + 250 g/l cymoxanil.
Potato field at the end of July. Helped Thanos
Famoxadone forms a film on the surface of the leaf and acts as a protective barrier, preventing the penetration of the pathogen into the plant. Due to its ability to bind to the leaf surface, famoxadone is usually within 2 hours won't wash off with rain or water during irrigation.
Cymoxanil affects not one, but several biochemical reactions in the cells of the fungus at once, which prevents the development of resistance (resistance to the drug). This substance moves in the leaves (translaminar action), as well as in the stems from the bottom up, compensating for the uneven distribution of the working solution on the plants during processing.
Experiments have shown that the effectiveness of Thanos against Alternaria is many times greater than the effectiveness of other drugs.
Acrobat
Recently, from phytophthora on potatoes, I began to use the even more reliable fungicide Acrobat MC. Active ingredient: dimethomorph 90 g/kg + mancozeb 600 g/kg.
My cucumbers in early August. Helped Acrobat
It is commonly used south of mildew on grapes and downy mildew on cucumbers. The fungus has not yet acquired resistance to this drug.
How to apply fungicides correctly
If fungal diseases on tomatoes, potatoes, cucumbers, grapes are rampant in your area - alternate every 7-10 days the listed drugs. Only by carrying out treatments with preparations with different compositions, in which there are two drugs at once, acting both from the outside and from the inside, you will cope with any of the most resistant mushrooms.
Downy mildew on cucumbers
And other preparations based on copper sulphate are becoming a thing of the past. Yes, they can protect your tomatoes. But at the same time can severely poison the soil and its biota due to the accumulation of copper in the soil with annual application.
Over the years of gardening, I have filled a lot of cones. If I plant tomatoes in my greenhouse for 3 years in a row, Alternariosis has been raging since July. If I change the top layer of soil and alternate crops, there are almost no fungal diseases. A fairly frequent treatment with ACC and a single treatment a week before the onset of reddening of tomatoes with Ridomil Gold.
Neighbors always have phytophthora in the field. Therefore, starting from mid-July, I carry out three potato treatments, changing preparations and stimulating ACC plants.
How to beat powdery mildew
But in addition to fungi such as late blight, Alternaria, we are also annoyed by fungi that cause powdery mildew on cucumbers, flowers (phloxes, roses), rot on fruits (apples, strawberries), various rusts on coniferous plants. Another group of drugs is effective here.
Leaf of a capricious rose in an abnormally rainy summer. Topaz helped
For powdery mildew prevention it is worth starting with the drug Topaz EC. It contains the substance penconazole. It is a systemic fungicide for the protection of pome, stone fruit, berry, vegetable, ornamental crops and vines against powdery mildew and other diseases.
The best results are obtained by preventive use at the beginning of the growing season or at the first signs of the onset of the disease. The drug helps to suppress the primary infection and prevent the spread of powdery mildew disease. Interval between treatments: 7–14 days.
But in some areas, fungi have become resistant to Topaz. Then it is necessary to apply a stronger fungicide Difenoconazole. It is part of the preparations under the following names: Skor, Dividend, Rayok, Chistotsvet.
If it does not help, then when re-spraying, propiconazole should be used (preparations Chistotsvet BAU or combined Zoltan KE containing propiconazole + cyproconazole).
I process my plants at the beginning of summer with copper-based preparations, better quality imported ones such as Abiga Peak. Then I repeat the treatment with Soon (Raek) - this is for prevention. If there are signs of illness, then in August I change these drugs to Ridomil Gold.
Onions in a rainy summer did not suffer from downy mildew. Helped Skor
Do not believe in myths about miraculous folk methods and disease-resistant strains. Do not believe that humates and phytosporins will destroy modern fungi on diseased plants.
My tomatoes in the greenhouse do not get sick. Treated twice with Ridomil Gold
I focus on the selection of zoned varieties, on the creation of a healthy "living soil", I use ACH and local mineral supplements. And I rarely use fungicides. But if fungal diseases have already appeared, I use only the most modern fungicides. According to the instructions and in the complex.
Only personal experience of growing healthy plants in specific conditions on healthy soil will allow you to reduce the "medicinal" load in your garden and grow a sufficient crop of sweet, sunny, fragrant fruits.
These are substances that partially suppress or destroy pathogens of various plants. There are several classifications of this type, depending on the action, chemical characteristics, and method of application. Next, we offer a complete list of fungicides, presented as a list of the most popular formulations for plants with names and descriptions for them.
"Consento": principle of action and composition
The drug "Consento" perfectly copes with this task. This innovative development with a wide spectrum of action.
Firstly, the tool has a double effect on the plant:
- systemic(the drug penetrates into the internal tissues of the culture in order to remove the disease);
- translaminar(the action is on the leaves, performs the function of an intermediate stage between the systemic and superficial effects).
The concentrate is sold both in small bottles and in large bottles and canisters up to 5 liters (suitable for owners of large lands). The drug is used for prevention and treatment, regardless of the stage of development of the disease. The product contains two active ingredients.
- First- propamocarb hydrochloride - stops the further reproduction of the fungus, disrupting its vital processes and membrane.
- Second component- fenamidone. This component, penetrating into the plant, leads to the fact that the spores of the fungus cease to form, late blight does not spread to other plants or its parts. The double effect exerted leads to the death of the fungus.
Plant protection lasts up to 15 days. Due to this, it will be necessary to spray the tomatoes less often, which means that the consumption of the product is reduced.
To biological fungicides for plants include "Agat-25K". It acts not only as a protector of plants from diseases, but also helps to increase the level of productivity. The composition has a beneficial effect on the development of plant roots and significantly increases the germination of seeds. Usually it is used in gardening, but it can also be treated with this drug as a preventive measure.
The active substance of the composition is bacteria and bioactive creatures of microbial and plant origin. The release form is a paste of fluid consistency, packaged in jars of 10 g. For processing, 1 spoonful of the product is dissolved in three liters of water. Plants should be sprayed every 20 days about 3-4 times per season.
- contact type of fungicides containing copper oxychloride in its composition. The latter, interacting with pathogenic spores, has the ability to secrete active copper, which just inhibits their growth and respiration, which suppresses the predominant amount of proteins important for life in pathogen spores.
She effectively fights bacterial and fungal diseases on technical, ornamental, flower and fruit crops. , vines and forest stands can also be treated with this drug.
Did you know? To determine the level of acidity of the mixture, an iron nail is lowered into it for 3-4 minutes. If, after this time, a red coating of copper appeared on the rod, the proportions were not observed correctly.
It is necessary to process plant crops during the absence of wind or at its low speed. It is mandatory to use a respirator or at least a gauze bandage. Rubber gloves, goggles and tight clothing are mandatory attributes when working with Abiga.
biological drug that suppresses fungal diseases garden and indoor plants. It has a detrimental effect on, and,.
For a ten-liter bucket of water, it is worth using 2 tablets of the drug. This solution produces diseased plants. If you need to spray, then the concentrate should be more saturated - 2 tablets per 1 liter of water. It is recommended to carry out no more than three treatments, while observing the time interval of 5-7 days.
The drug is not dangerous, both for people and for animals, fish.
biological fungicide contact type. The substance is not hazardous to the environment. Destroys viruses, provoking plant diseases, and can also be used as horticultural crops. Additionally, it can increase the level of productivity.
Did you know? Contact fungicides remain on the surface of the plant and do not penetrate into the tissues. This means that it is necessary to apply the working solution to the culture with a particularly high quality in order to achieve an effective result.
The biological product "Baktofit" is used to protect plants from pathogens, including powdery mildew. , fruit and berry crops are the most suitable plants for the use of "Bactofit", since it is in their relation that the composition is most effective. The drug is recommended for use in cases where it is not possible to treat plants with chemicals.
"Baktofit" works best if used in cool weather. Allowed even during periods of frequent rainfall. It is important to apply the product at least a day before the rain. A second procedure should be carried out after about 5 days.
Cuttings and seeds are also often treated with Baktofit before planting.
The most powerful tool in the field of influence on fungal and bacterial diseases counts .
To prepare such a tool, you should use (quicklime), copper sulfate and water. 300 g of lime is quenched with water and added to 2-3 liters of hot water. Similar manipulations are carried out with copper sulphate in a separate bowl (not iron).
Each of the solutions is gradually brought to a volume of 5 liters, this time using rather cold water. The lime solution is filtered through a double gauze and a mixture of copper sulphate is injected into it in a stream. In this case, it is important to actively stir the working mixture.
It is necessary to monitor the correct proportions. The mixture should be bright blue. Copper acts as a poison in this remedy, while lime works as an acid neutralizer. Not enough lime can burn the plant.
Bordeaux mixture should be used the same day it was prepared. You can increase the storage period up to a day, but only if you add sugar to the mixture (7-10 g of sugar per 10 liters of solution).
"Bona Forte" (Bona Forte)
"Bona Forte" - a composition for the comprehensive care of house plants (older than one year). Processing of indoor plants in three stages: treatment and prevention from and insects, fertilizing with fertilizers (in 3-7 days), stimulating the growth of green mass, the immune system (in a week).
Fungicide "Bona Forte" very effectively affects the pathogens of powdery mildew and other types of fungal diseases, rust. The specified composition is sold in the form of plastic ampoules of 2 ml each. For the solution, you need 1 ampoule of the substance and 5 liters of water. Processing is carried out very carefully so that the solution evenly moistens all the leaves. The product is not subject to storage.
Contact fungicide "Bravo" is used in the fight against fungal diseases wheat, vegetable crops and everyone's favorite.
The active ingredient is chlorothalonil. It is ideal for combating and transferring -. It can be used over a wide temperature range. It protects the plant for about 12-14 days.
The tool is quite compatible with most other fungicides.
Fungicide "Vitaros" is a composition of contact-systemic action used to treat planting material when planting gardens and houseplants. Subject to processing seeds and bulbs. "Vitaros" suppresses any manifestations of pathogens, not only on the surface, but also inside the plant.
The product is sold in ampoules of 2 ml and bottles of 10 ml, 50 ml, and 100 ml. About 2 ml per 1 liter of water is used. Planting material is soaked in the solution for 2 hours.
To protect plants from diseases and therapeutic effects on them, you can purchase the Vectra fungicide. The drug is able to destroy phytopathogenic fungus and contribute to the health of the plant. It is used against septoria, gray rot, powdery mildew.
The working solution consists of 0.2-0.3 ml of Vectra fungicide and 1 liter of water. The drug retains its effect on the affected plants for 12-15 days.
Biological fungicide "Gamair" is used in therapeutic and prophylactic purposes in relation to indoor and garden plants. It has a very effective effect on leafy bacterial origin, on late blight and powdery mildew, on keels and.
The solution for irrigation is prepared on the basis of the proportion: 1 tablet of the product per 5 liters of water. For spraying - 2 tablets of "Gamaira" per 1 liter of water. The plant should be treated 3 times, adhering to an interval of one week.
It is produced in the form of a soluble powder, from which a working solution is prepared. For each plant, the dosage is selected individually, so you must first read the instructions for the composition. When preparing the working fluid, the powder is first diluted in a small amount of water, and only then adjusted to the desired volume.
Important! The prepared working mixture should be used on the same day. Mixing with other drugs is prohibited.
The prepared solution is evenly sprayed on the plants in the morning or evening in dry weather and with minimal wind activity. The leaves of the culture are evenly wetted.
To disinfect tree seedlings, you first need to remove the growths on the roots, and then place them in the prepared solution for 2-3 minutes (but not longer). After the procedure, the root system should be washed with plain clean water.
"Mikosan" is a preparation of a biological type of exposure, which is used to garden and indoor plants. The tool works by increasing the resistance of crops to pathogenic fungi. The substances that make up Mikosan stimulate the production of lectins in plant tissues, which destroy harmful fungi and bacteria.
Important! Fungicide "Mikosan" does not destroy the source of the disease, but helps the plant to effectively fight it on its own.
It makes sense to use the product in the initial stages of the manifestation of any spots on the leaves of plants. If the disease has been developing for a long time, Mikosan will not be able to cope with it.
"Ordan" is a fungicide that is available in the form of a wetting cream or white powder. One sachet contains 25 g of the product. It effectively affects the pathogens of tomatoes, potatoes, cucumbers, grapes and other crops, relieving them of late blight, peronosporosis, powdery mildew, etc.
The working solution is prepared before its direct use (one packet of Ordan (25 g) per 5 liters of water). First, the powder must be diluted in a small amount of liquid, and then brought to the correct volume, mixing the solution thoroughly.
"Oxyhom"
The drug is absolutely not phytotoxic. It goes on sale in bags of 4 grams. A working solution is prepared from 4 g of Oxychoma and 2 liters of pure water. Plants should be treated no more than three times every 10-14 days.
"Planriz" is a universal and very effective remedy. This drug effectively protects plants from white and gray rot, alternariosis, fusarium, phomosis, verticillium.
He is completely biological and has a unique effect. In its composition, "Planriz" has bacteria that, after entering the soil along with the treated planting material, begin to actively populate the root system of the plant and produce enzymes that suppress the development of root rot. Not only that, these bacteria also contribute to the overall immunity of vegetative crops.
"Prognoz" is a chemical action fungicide. Protects crops such as currants from attacks of scab, spotting, powdery mildew and other diseases.
It contains a new active ingredient, which is characterized by a high level of effectiveness. The drug works as a protective, therapeutic and prophylactic agent.
Plants should be sprayed before flowering, during the growing season and after the crop has been harvested.
"Profit Gold" is a contact-systemic fungicide that helps in the fight against Alternaria, late blight and other diseases of fungal origin. The main active ingredient is cymoxanil, which is quickly absorbed by the leaves of the plant, penetrating inside, and famoxadone, another component of the drug, on the contrary, remains on the surface for a long time.
On sale, the drug is presented in the form of dark brown granules with a slight specific odor. 1 sachet may contain 1.5 g, 3 g, or 6 g of the product.
The dosage of the drug "Profit Gold" to create a working solution is selected individually for each culture. It is necessary to prepare the product immediately before its use is planned. During the growing season, it is necessary to spray in three stages, with a break of 8-12 days.
Important! The drug "Profit Gold" can only be combined with. Means with an alkaline reaction cannot be combined with Profit Gold. It is also forbidden to use the drug simultaneously with any other fungicides.
When working with the composition, it is necessary to protect the skin and respiratory tract. In case of violation of such rules, poisoning or damage to the skin is possible. Empty containers from under the product must be burned immediately.
"Raek" - a fungicide that differs long period of protection. It is applied to fruit crops in order to protect them from pests such as coccomycosis and powdery mildew.
It is produced in the form of ampoules, with a volume of 2 ml of the substance, as well as in bottles of 10 ml, 50 ml, and 100 ml. Starts to work already 2 hours after application. Prepare a working solution using 1.5-2 ml of the drug per 10 liters of water. Processing is recommended to be carried out no more than 1 time in 2 weeks.
"Skor" is a drug that is an analogue of "Raek". It is used in the fight against powdery mildew, scab and oidium.
To obtain a solution ready for use, you need to take 3-5 ml of the composition and about 10 liters of water. Valid for one to two weeks.
Fungicide "Skor" almost non-toxic for humans and animals and is completely non-toxic for.
Important! If fungal spores have already appeared on the plant, the drug will not work.
The drug "is a fungicide that is used to treat various kinds of fungal diseases of vegetable and fruit crops. It can also be applied to the vine. It effectively copes with powdery mildew and downy mildew.
Release form - granules that dissolve in water. In one package 200 g of the drug. Before processing plants, 0.4 ml of granules should be diluted in 1 liter of water.
An important advantage of this tool is the admissibility of its use during the flowering period. Also "Strobe" is not dangerous for bees. This fungicide also tolerates precipitation quite well. Moreover, the drug works well both on wet foliage and at low positive temperatures.
Important! It is strongly not recommended to use the Strobi preparation for two consecutive seasons, since it causes the appearance of resistance.
"Thanos" is a fungicide whose main active ingredient is cymoxanil. It is he who, penetrating inside the leaf tissue, can have a therapeutic effect even 1-2 days after infection.
The drug is produced in the form of water-soluble granules. It is used to protect plants from diseases of potatoes, tomatoes and onions. What is important, the drug "Thanos" is resistant to washing off, since it tends to bind to the natural wax of the plant and form a kind of film on the surface.
Systemic non-phytotoxic fungicide is used in the fight against rust, sulfur and powdery mildew. For 10 liters of water, there are 2 ml of a powdery mildew agent and 4 ml of an anti-rust composition.
To get a more noticeable effect, Topaz should be used at the first sign of the disease. Plants need to be treated once every one to two weeks. The fungicide will begin to act within 3 hours after application.
Did you know? Systemic fungicides penetrate two to three hours after treatment into plant tissues and begin to act, which allows you not to worry about sudden precipitation. Rain will not wash the product from the surface of the plant.
In relation to humans and animals, the drug "Topaz" is moderately dangerous. As for birds and fish, the product is not toxic for them.
"Trichodermin" is called a fungicide biological way of influence. With its help, they treat and prevent infections of the root system of ornamental plants and indoor flowers. It is often referred to as a "soil healer". Seeds are kept in a solution of this drug, it is also possible to water the plants with a working fluid prepared on the basis of the Trichodermin preparation.
It contains spores of a soil fungus, which, penetrating into the ground, are able to destroy more than 60 types of various pathogens that cause fruit and root rot, late blight, rhizoctoniosis, etc.
The release form of the drug is a powder of 10 g in one package. Ready working solution is stored up to 1 month, but only in the refrigerator and at a temperature not higher than +5 °C. However, the solution should be allowed to warm to normal room temperature before reuse.
The drug "Trichodermin" absolutely safe both for humans and for animals, bees, fish, etc. It is also not phytotoxic.
"Trichofit" is another biological fungicide that fights a number of diseases, in particular with sulfur and root rot.
On sale is presented in the form of a suspension in plastic bottles. When preparing the working solution, take 25 g of the drug per 1 liter of water. Do not use too warm water. The soil is poured with the finished mixture, in addition or instead of watering, foliage can be sprayed.
The drug "Trichofit" is slightly toxic to humans, so it can be used not only in the garden and garden, but also at home.
It helps to effectively fight a considerable number of fungal diseases of leaves and seeds - a fungicide and a treater with a wide range of systemic effects. It is used in the treatment of crop diseases and as a means for their prevention.
During the season, more than two treatments of plants with the "Fundazol" preparation in the form of watering or spraying should not be allowed, since the pathogens will show resistance. To avoid this, it is recommended not to use products from the benzimidazole class for 1-2 seasons.
Biological bactericide "Fitolavin" is used for prevention rot of the root system, moniliosis and anthracnose.
On sale it is presented in the form of a water-soluble concentrate in ampoules or in vials. There is also a format of canisters with a volume of 1 and 5 liters.
The drug is not phytotoxic, and, therefore, will not destroy the beneficial fauna. It starts to act quickly enough, since it easily penetrates into the tissues of cultures.
- contact fungicide, which belongs to microbiological preparations and is designed to protect against fungal and bacterial diseases of indoor, garden, garden and greenhouse plants.
Available in liquid, powder and paste form. Usually used for the purpose disease prevention, and both seeds and bulbs are subject to processing before planting, and all crops in the future (on a regular basis).
Influence "Fitosporin" begins immediately after application. The properties of the drug are preserved over a wide temperature range. You can even freeze it, it will not affect the efficiency of work. Before using the solution, the working fluid should be infused for 1-2 hours.
systemic fungicide, which is used at the beginning of the season to protect against scab, moniliosis of pome and stone fruit crops, in order to stop the development of powdery mildew during the phenophase.
The interval between applications of Horus is from 7 to 10 days. Temperatures from +3 °C to +20 °C will not reduce the effectiveness of the product either during spraying or later. But at temperatures above +25 ° C, the efficiency is significantly reduced.
A feature of the drug "Horus" is that the agent quickly penetrates the plant: it begins to act literally after 2 hours. That is, even if it suddenly rains, the drug will still work.
To fight the disease of vegetable, fruit and ornamental crops will help - system-local fungicide containing copper oxychloride.
Sold in sachets of 20 and 40 g. Effective in the treatment of apple and pear scab, plum fruit rot, vine mildew, peach leaf curl.
The working solution is prepared at the rate of 40 g of the substance per 10 liters of water. It is recommended to carry out 2-3 treatments for indoor plants and up to 5 treatments for horticultural crops.
A high level of effectiveness in the fight against powdery mildew, spotting and gray rot is distinguished by the drug "Chistotsvet". In plant tissue, after processing, product penetrates within two hours, which means that the chance of being washed away by rain is minimized. As for the period of action of the protection of the drug, it can last about two weeks.
Chistotsvet is produced in the form of a high concentration emulsion. To prepare a working solution for the treatment of flower plants, you need to dilute 2-4 ml of the drug in 5 liters of water. Treatment should be carried out at the first symptoms of disease and for prevention.
You need to choose fungicides based on the type of plant and directly the disease that threatens it. Before proceeding with the preparation of the working solution, you must carefully reread the instructions, as well as take care of the protection of the skin and respiratory tract.
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