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GSB house without internal load-bearing walls. Minimum wall thickness of bricks or blocks

28.02.13

To begin with, the walls are the main structural part of the building and are vertical barriers that separate the room from the external environment or from another room. Depending on the perception of loads, the walls are divided into load-bearing, self-supporting and non-bearing. The load-bearing wall of the house is designed to take on the load coming from other structural parts of the building - ceilings and roofs, and transfer it, along with its own weight, to the foundation. Self-supporting walls carry only their own weight, while relying on the foundation of the building, and non-load-bearing walls are partitions that carry their own weight, but at the same time they can rely on a variety of building elements.

In modern construction, there are two types of load-bearing walls: internal and external. The thickness of the internal load-bearing walls is less than the external ones. In addition, the foundation for internal load-bearing walls is also made smaller.

The main function that internal walls perform is to hold the load from the structure, as well as the internal mass (furniture, people, equipment) and the load from external influences (wind, snow). At the same time, the internal walls also connect the load-bearing external walls. Due to the specifics of their placement, load-bearing internal walls do not participate in the heat exchange process. External walls or facades are the hallmark of the house. Their main function is to isolate the building from external factors: cold, wind and precipitation. Facades can have openings in load-bearing walls in the form of windows and doors. At the same time, window openings are made separately for each floor in one row. The part of the wall between the openings in this case is called the wall. In the internal walls, there is no opening in the load-bearing wall for windows; there can only be a doorway in the load-bearing wall. In addition, there are load-bearing walls that do not have any openings. They are called deaf.

Load-bearing walls in the framework

It should be noted that load-bearing walls are part of the load-bearing core, which is a single system of structural elements: walls, columns, foundations, beams and floors of the house. This system provides strength, rigidity and stability of the structure. The strength of the bearing frame is its ability to resist the effects of various loads acting on it, without collapsing and without receiving critical deflections and deformations. The rigidity of the core is the ability not to change shape under the influence of such loads, and the stability is the resistance to overturning or shearing. Each frame structure performs its own separate function, sometimes even more than one, but they are all interconnected and work as a single “skeleton” of the house.

Depending on various factors, different types of skeletons are used. It is necessary to take into account the purpose of the premises and the house as a whole. That is, if it is supposed to build a house with a free layout, it is better to use a frame frame. For a standard cottage with pre-designed rooms, a frameless frame with delimited walls is more suitable. In addition, it is necessary to take into account the architectural features of the future building. So, a house in the style of "high-tech" is better and easier to perform in a frame bearing frame, and in the "Russian style" - in a frameless one. The choice of one or another type of skeleton also affects the economic aspect. Therefore, when designing, it is necessary to calculate the cost and construction time with different types of skeletons. Also, the choice depends on what materials are planned to be used in construction. For example, if a house is designed with a frameless load-bearing frame, then it is impossible to build walls from foam blocks without additional structural solutions (monolithic belts, reinforced meshes).

The most common type of load-bearing frames in cottage construction is frameless. Also used frame and combined. But we will focus on frameless, since when using it, it is the load-bearing walls that perform the main function.

This type of frame is considered the simplest in the construction of private houses. In this case, the supporting frame is formed from massive longitudinal and transverse walls connected with the foundation, ceilings (beam or slab) laid on the walls, stairs (they stiffen the frame vertically and horizontally). It can be said that in this variant the load-bearing frame will be presented in the form of a rigid and stable box, consisting of connected walls and ceilings. The lower part of the walls is usually more massive than the walls of the upper floors, due to the fact that it must bear the weight of the overlying ceilings and walls. For example, the basement floor of a cottage can be made of ceramic bricks with a thickness of 510 mm, and the second floor can have thinner walls - 380 mm. Thus, the walls should play the role of a supporting structure and a heat-insulating, enclosing one.

When using a frameless core, the walls can be made of bricks, reinforced concrete blocks, lightweight concrete blocks, stone, wood, and so on. The thickness of the bearing walls, depending on the material, can be from 250 mm to 700 mm. The thickness of non-bearing walls and partitions is from 100 mm. Floor slabs are usually made prefabricated or monolithic, with a thickness of 150 mm or more.

A frameless load-bearing frame can be of three types: with longitudinal load-bearing walls, transverse, or both at the same time.

In the first case, the basis of the core is the bearing walls, which are located along the long side of the house, the ceilings are laid across the house, that is, perpendicular to the walls. The stability and rigidity of such buildings is ensured by flights of stairs, end and transverse walls, ceilings act as a rigid horizontal diaphragm. The pitch of the longitudinal walls in such houses is usually equal to the length of the floor slab (4.2 m; 5.4 m; 6 m). This type of skeleton is used in houses that have an elongated shape.

When using transverse load-bearing walls, they are located along the smaller side of the house, and the floors are laid on them. The walls along the long side of the house can be made non-bearing or self-supporting, but they must be thermally insulating. The frame with transverse load-bearing walls has greater transverse rigidity and stability compared to the load-bearing frame with longitudinal load-bearing walls. The disadvantage of such a system is that it is impossible to vary the width of the living quarters, which will finally be limited by the transverse load-bearing walls.

In construction with both longitudinal and transverse load-bearing walls, the core is a combination of these load-bearing walls. In this case, the floors are laid both in the longitudinal and transverse directions. Such schemes are applicable for cottages in which it is difficult to solve the architectural form using only longitudinal or only transverse load-bearing walls. That is, when the cottage has an unusual shape in terms of plan and it is difficult to solve the space exclusively with longitudinal or transverse walls. The rigidity and stability of the supporting frame in such houses are ensured by the interconnection of walls and ceilings, flights of stairs made of monolithic reinforced concrete or metal and rigidly connected to the supporting elements of the frame.

Types of walls by type of material

As mentioned above, walls can be made of various materials. At the same time, the choice of wall material depends on the financial capabilities of the customer and on the design of the building. Let's consider them in more detail.

Wood

Wood is a traditional material for the walls of low-rise buildings; houses are not built from this material above two floors. The most comfortable in terms of sanitary and hygienic requirements are cobbled and chopped walls made of coniferous wood. As their disadvantages, it is worth noting sedimentary deformation in the first 1.5–2 years and low fire resistance.

Frame walls are justified in the presence of lumber and effective insulation. At the same time, frame walls do not require massive foundations, and, unlike chopped ones, do not give post-construction deformations. The fire resistance and solidity of frame walls can be increased if they are faced with bricks. In order for wooden walls to serve for a long time, you need to take care of the quality of the material. Its level can be determined by hitting the butt of an ax - a clean and clear sound indicates good quality. By design, the wooden walls of heated buildings are divided into chopped from logs or beams, frame, panel and frame-panel.

Chopped log walls are a structure of logs stacked on top of each other in horizontal rows and connected at the corners with notches. Such walls are distinguished by high strength and good heat-shielding qualities, as well as durability under favorable operating conditions. The disadvantage is the fact that the processing of logs and the construction of walls is a laborious process that requires a lot of wood.

Block walls are built from horizontally laid beams. Their use excludes manual processing of logs, cutting corners, wall junctions and makes it possible to switch to mechanized harvesting of wall elements. It is possible to effectively protect the cobbled walls from weathering with the help of boarding or brick cladding. This will protect the walls from moisture, increase thermal protection, and reduce the effect of wind. In addition, with brick cladding, fire resistance increases.

Log and block walls are recommended to be sheathed or lined no earlier than 1–1.5 years after construction, after their complete settlement. Frame walls require less wood than log or block walls, are less labor intensive and therefore more economical. The basis of the frame walls is a load-bearing wooden frame, sheathed on both sides with sheet or molded materials. Frame walls, due to their lightness, are practically not subject to shrinkage and this allows them to be sheathed or lined immediately after construction. Frame walls must be protected from atmospheric moisture by performing external cladding with overlapping vertical and horizontal joints and arranging drains from protruding wall elements. Protection against water vapor is provided by arranging a vapor barrier made of synthetic film, glassine or using other types of vapor barrier, laying them between the inner lining and insulation.

In addition to frame walls, shield walls are distinguished. Their difference lies in the fact that their main structural parts consist of enlarged shield elements, usually manufactured at the factory. The process of building panel houses is reduced to installation at the construction site and finishing work. This reduces the labor intensity of the work. In panel wooden houses, the basis of the walls is the lower trim of wooden antiseptic beams laid along the basement of the building and attached to it with anchor bolts. Wall shields are installed on the strapping. From above, the wall panels are fastened with an upper harness laid on them, on which the attic floor rests. Wall panels are made internal and external, which, in turn, are divided into deaf, window and door. The height of the shields is equal to the height of the floor. The shields consist of a paving and sheathing, internal and external, between which a heater is placed. When installing the basement and cornice units, it is necessary to take measures to protect them from freezing by installing an insulated basement and an insulated frieze belt at the eaves, as well as from moistening the internal air with vaporous moisture, arranging a vapor barrier for this purpose. Under the basement floor, the underground is not insulated. The underground must be cold and well ventilated, and the ceiling structure above the underground, and especially the basement assembly, must have reliable insulation and vapor barrier laid from above under the clean floor structure. To protect against freezing at the level of the ceiling, an insulated belt is arranged outside.

A rock

According to the design and method of construction, stone walls are divided into masonry (from small or large stones), monolithic and large-panel. Masonry is called a structure, which is made of separate stones, the seams between which are filled with mortar.

For the structure to work properly, a wall of individual stones must meet stringent requirements. Firstly, the stones in the wall should be arranged in horizontal rows, that is, perpendicular to the main acting forces. Secondly, the stones in the rows must be separated by vertical seams - longitudinal and transverse. Vertical seams in rows adjacent in height should not match. This arrangement of stones is called ligation of sutures. This ensures that the stones work together in the wall and the load is evenly distributed. Transverse ligation at the level of one row is arranged with the help of stones laid with the long side across the wall (poking), and longitudinal ligation - with the help of stones laid along the wall (with spoons), in some types of masonry - and poking. Solutions for filling joints are used lime or complex (cement-lime), and for basement and basement walls - cement. Stone masonry is made of small or large stones. From small stones - mainly manual laying, from large - laying of industrial production using various mechanisms and, first of all, cranes. Today, monolithic concrete walls are gaining popularity. Concrete is placed in the form formed by the formwork. This method is very industrial, which is determined by the types of formwork (sliding, adjustable, mobile, etc.).

Large-panel walls are called walls mounted from large-sized factory-made slabs-panels. This type of wall is the most progressive.

Brick

Finally, consider one of the most common building materials - brick. Brick walls are made of clay (red) or silicate bricks. Widely used are multi-hole clay bricks, the thickness of which is 138 mm with a mass of one stone of 4 kg. Silicate bricks are more economical than clay ones, since all the processes of its manufacture are mechanized. In dry conditions, silicate brick is used for the walls of buildings along with ordinary clay. It is not recommended to use silicate brick for laying the basement and underground parts of buildings, since silicate brick is short-lived in groundwater containing carbon dioxide.

According to their constructive relationship, brick walls are divided into solid (homogeneous) and lightweight (layered). The first are made from solid, hollow or light (porous) bricks. Lightweight ones include in thickness, in addition to brick, layers of other, less heat-conducting materials. Solid walls made of solid clay or silicate bricks have great strength, but at the same time high thermal conductivity, that is, low heat-shielding qualities. That is why the thickness of such walls is assigned according to the heat engineering calculation, but in this case they have excessive strength. Solid masonry is suitable for the construction of the basement and first floor of buildings, and lightweight masonry should be used for the upper floors of multi-storey buildings.

In modern mass construction, two systems of laying brick walls are used: chain and multi-row. In the first case, each spoon row of masonry alternates with one bond row. Such a masonry is often called a two-row. With multi-row (spoon) dressing, several spoon rows overlap with one bonder. Such masonry is six-row (from ordinary brick) and five-row (from effective brick).

Important to remember

The erection of walls is an important stage of construction work, since the walls perform important functions of protection from the adverse effects of the external environment and thermal insulation of the building, and also determine its appearance. It is necessary to correctly take into account the purpose of the premises and, in this regard, to design the building, correctly selecting materials. And last but not least, when moving on to building walls, remember to comply with fire resistance and fire safety standards so that the house becomes really strong, warm and durable.

The walls of private houses, cottages and other low-rise buildings are usually made of two or three layers with an insulating layer. The insulation layer is located on the bearing part of the wall made of bricks or small blocks. Developers often ask questions:
“Is it possible to save on wall thickness?”
“But why not make the load-bearing part of the wall of the house thinner than the neighbor’s or what is provided for by the project?

On construction sites and in projects, see a load-bearing wall made of bricks with a thickness of 250 mm., and from blocks - even 200 mm. became commonplace.

The wall was too thin for this house.

Loads and effects on the walls of the house

Design standards (SNiP II-22-81 "Stone and reinforced masonry structures"), regardless of the results of the calculation, limit the minimum thickness of load-bearing stone walls for masonry in the range from 1/20 to 1/25 of the floor height.

Thus, with a floor height of 2.5 ... 3 m. wall thickness in any case should be more than 120 - 150 mm.

A vertical compressive load acts on a load-bearing wall from the weight of the wall itself and overlying structures (walls, ceilings, roofs, snow, operational load). The design compressive strength of masonry made of bricks and blocks depends on the brand of brick or class of blocks in terms of compressive strength and brand of mortar.

For low-rise buildings, as calculations show, the compressive strength of a wall with a thickness of 200-250 mm brick is provided with a large margin. For a block wall, with an appropriate choice of block class, there are usually no problems either.

In addition to vertical loads, horizontal loads act on the wall (section of the wall), caused, for example, by wind pressure or thrust transmission from the roof truss system.

Besides, torques acting on the wall which tend to rotate the section of the wall. These moments are due to the fact that the load on the wall, for example, from floor slabs or from a layer of insulation and facade cladding, is not applied in the center of the wall, but is shifted to the side faces. The walls themselves have deviations from the vertical and straightness of the masonry, which also leads to additional stresses in the wall material.

Horizontal loads and torques create bending load in the material on each section of the load-bearing wall.

How to make walls strong and stable

Strength, stability of walls 200-250 thick mm and less, to bending loads does not have a large margin. Therefore, the stability of the walls of the specified thickness for a particular building must be confirmed by calculation.

To build a house with walls of this thickness, it is necessary to choose a ready-made project with the appropriate wall thickness and material. Correction of the project with other parameters for the selected thickness and material of the walls must be entrusted to specialists.

The practice of designing and building residential low-rise buildings has shown that load-bearing walls made of bricks or blocks with a thickness of more than 350 - 400 mm. have a good margin of safety and stability, both to compressive and bending loads, in the vast majority of building designs.

The walls of the house, external and internal, resting on the foundation, form, together with the foundation and the ceiling, a single spatial structure (skeleton), which jointly resists loads and impacts.

Creation of a durable and economical building frame is an engineering task that requires high qualification, pedantry and culture from the construction participants.

A house with thin walls is more sensitive to deviations from the project, from the norms and rules of construction.

The builder needs to understand that strength, stability of walls is reduced if:

the thickness of the wall is reduced;
the height of the wall increases;
the area of openings in the wall increases;
the width of the wall between the openings decreases;
the length of the free section of the wall increases, which does not have backwater, interface with the transverse wall;
channels or niches are arranged in the wall;

The strength, stability of the walls changes in one direction or another if:

change the material of the walls;
change the type of overlap;
change the type, dimensions of the foundation;

Defects that reduce the strength, stability of the walls

Violations and deviations from the requirements of the project, norms and rules of construction, which builders allow (in the absence of proper control by the developer), reducing the strength, stability of the walls:

wall material (brick, blocks, mortar) with reduced strength compared to the requirements of the project is used.
the anchoring of the floor (slabs, beams) with walls according to the project is not performed with metal ties;
masonry deviations from the vertical, displacement of the wall axis exceed the established technological standards;
deviations of the straightness of the masonry surface exceed the established technological standards;
masonry seams are not fully filled with mortar. The thickness of the seams exceeds the established norms.
excessively many halves of bricks, blocks with chips are used in the masonry;
insufficient dressing of the masonry of the inner walls with the outer ones;
gaps in the mesh reinforcement of the masonry;

In all of the above cases of changing the dimensions or materials of walls and ceilings, the developer must contact professional designers to make changes to the project documentation. Changes in the project must be certified by their signature.

Your foreman's suggestions like "let's make it easier" must be agreed with a professional designer. Control the quality of construction work done by contractors. When performing work on your own, do not allow the above construction defects.

The norms of the rules for the production and acceptance of work (SNiP 3.03.01-87) allow: deviations of the walls due to the displacement of the axes (10 mm), by one floor deviation from the vertical (10 mm), according to the displacement of the supports of the floor slabs in the plan (6 ... 8 mm) etc.

The thinner the walls, the more they are loaded, the less they have a margin of safety. The load on the wall multiplied by the "mistakes" of designers and builders may be excessive (pictured).

The processes of destruction of the wall do not always appear immediately, it happens years after the completion of construction.

Block house with wall thickness 180 mm.

The principles of designing a house with a minimum wall thickness are clearly visible in the following photos. In the construction of a house with thin walls, elements of monolithic reinforced concrete are widely used.

The simple architectural form of the house allows the use of commonly available materials for construction and helps to optimize construction costs.

The house has 114 m 2 useful area and is designed for a family of 4 -5 people. The attic has three bedrooms and a bathroom.

On the ground floor along the southern facade with large windows there is a spacious living room combined with a dining room and a kitchen. In the other part there is an office, a bathroom and a technical room.

Silicate blocks were used for laying the exterior walls of the house. Wall thickness 180 mm. Thin walls increase the usable area of the house.

The house is designed in such a way that it has no interior load-bearing walls. Inside the house there is a load-bearing beam that rests on two columns inside and two columns built into the masonry of the outer walls. The beam itself and the columns are made of monolithic reinforced concrete. This solution allows you to perform a free layout of the premises on the floor.

To increase the resistance of the walls to loads, there is a monolithic reinforced concrete belt at the level of the first floor ceiling. A section of the wall with wide, high windows and narrow piers on the southern facade is also made of monolithic reinforced concrete.

The roof of the house rests on a monolithic reinforced concrete belt over the walls of the attic. In the attic walls of the attic, on which the mauerlat of the roof rests, reinforced concrete columns are arranged. The need for a device in the outer walls of the columns is due to the fact that these walls do not have cross-links inside the attic. The absence of transverse walls allows for a free layout of the attic space.

Formwork for the installation of a monolithic column in the outer wall of the house. The column serves as a support for the load-bearing beam inside the house.

Formwork for monolithic columns along the edges of wide window openings.

In the background, formwork for columns inside the house is visible. The two columns inside are on the same axis as the columns built into the outer walls.

The ceilings in the house are prefabricated-monolithic often ribbed and are on the same level with the monolithic reinforced concrete belt of the walls.

A monolithic ceiling, made integral with a monolithic belt of walls, creates, together with the walls, a single and solid spatial structure - the frame of the house.

Attic walls of the attic with a height of 1.3 m., on which the roof Mauerlat rests, are reinforced with monolithic columns built into the masonry.

Formwork for the installation of monolithic columns and attic wall belts.
The southern facade of the house with openings for high large windows. Inside, a monolithic beam is visible, which rests on two columns inside and two columns built into the masonry of the outer walls.

The rafters of each roof slope at the top rest on a truss, the ends of which, in turn, lie on opposite gable walls of the attic. This decision made it possible to abandon the intermediate racks of the ridge beam. As a result, the space inside the attic is free for planning. Roof slope angle 42 o.

Foundation of the house- monolithic reinforced concrete slab with a thickness of 250 mm. The foundation slab rests on the insulation layer. The formwork is fixed from a heater. Along the perimeter of the foundation, under the blind area, insulation boards are laid. This solution eliminates the freezing of the soil under the foundation.

Wall thickness 200-250 mm of brick or blocks, it is certainly advisable to choose for a one-story house or for the upper floor of a multi-story house.

A house with two or three floors with a wall thickness of 200-250 mm. build if you have a ready-made project at your disposal, linked to the soil conditions of the construction site, qualified builders, and independent technical supervision of the construction.

In other conditions, for the lower floors of two-three-story houses, walls with a thickness of at least 350 mm.

To ensure the strength and stability of a private house with a minimum wall thickness, the installation of a monolithic reinforced concrete belt has become the standard. The belt is placed along the top of the external and internal load-bearing walls on each floor of the house. Beams and floor slabs, roof Mauerlat must be connected (anchored) with metal ties to a reinforced concrete belt on the walls of the house.

How to make load-bearing walls only 190 thick mm.,

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The last difference is the most significant and, according to the canons of dramaturgy, we will leave the denouement for later.

Specific features of the internal frame structures

Deaf space delimiters are the simplest structural element of a house frame. They share spaces that require exceptional privacy, such as the kitchen and bathroom. The main requirement for blind ceilings is a high level of sound insulation.

Engaging in increasing the noise protection of openings is at least stupid. They are made for windows or doors, and they are wide open. But ceilings with openings require additional attention to rigidity. The frame of the house is formed by vertical racks, and if you remove one of them, the integrity of the structure will be violated. Therefore, openings must be made in the space between the posts, and if it is not possible to provide additional horizontal fasteners.

Free floors are built boringly and monotonously. Builders, not looking up from the discussion of the last football match, briskly install evenly repeating elements. Loaded ones involve hanging heavy household appliances and in the places of fasteners require additional lining in the form of boards of the same type as for the frame. In the case of installing sound reproducing equipment, it would be nice to arrange damping with a sound-absorbing compound, otherwise people in the next room will feel inside the audio speaker. All of the above points can be load-bearing walls of a frame house, as well as to partitions. And now directly about them.

Installation of load-bearing walls of a frame house

Internal floors, as it were, are a continuation of the frame of the house and their task is exactly the same - to provide strength to housing. They take on part of the load from the roof, ceilings and household items, concentrated on the outer perimeter. The economic benefit is also important. It is cheaper to install additional supports than to use thicker boards and timber.

The third factor of necessity does not always arise. If the boards for flooring can rest on the outer perimeter, it does not need an additional analogue, if not, a frame house cannot do without load-bearing walls. The recommended length for hanging floors is 4 m, the maximum length is no more than 4.5 m. This does not mean that it is necessary to huddle in Papa Carlo's 4x4 closet. One side of the square can be stretched even to the horizon, but the second will be limited. If you want space - put a supporting structure. It follows that it is up to you to decide where load-bearing walls of a frame house, will have to be at the initial design stage, because they are installed exclusively on a strip foundation.

The material of the load-bearing inner frame is identical to the material of the outer perimeter both in shape and size. The cavity of the load-bearing wall of the frame house is filled with soundproofing material or insulation. The latter option is preferable - it allows, on occasion, to heat the house in parts. The standard insulation is mineral wool. If heating is in any case planned on both sides, you can confine yourself to a sound membrane of any kind, even cheap tar paper.

Partitions in a frame-type house

Internal walls that act as partitions do not play any significant role in the stability of the frame house structure. Its load is its own weight and decorative elements. All this will withstand the floor without tension, without any help from the foundation, which means that there is no special need for preliminary planning. Often, builders simply draw a drawing of rooms on the floor, and then put racks along the lines. With this method, it is more convenient to arrange doors and estimate the volume of rooms. Partitions are assembled from boards 100x50 mm, racks are installed at a distance of 1.2 m, which corresponds to the standard of a mineral wool sheet.

Partitions are also good to use for all sorts of small benefits. For example, lay a vapor barrier inside at the border of rooms with high humidity. Or hide out of sight electrical wiring and other communications.

A house project is a package of documentation consisting of architectural, design and engineering sections. The basis of the project is the architectural and design sections. In principle, if the customer trusts the foreman and believes that he can assemble a professional team of engineering communications specialists, then the development of the engineering part can be abandoned. But the fact is that the architect, designer and engineer work together on the project, and such moments as, for example, technological openings in ceilings and walls for laying engineering systems, are provided for by them at the design stage.

The engineering section includes several subsections

Water supply and sewerage (VK)

water supply scheme
sewerage scheme
general view of the system.

Heating and ventilation (HV)

heating scheme
ventilation scheme
boiler piping
general instructions and recommendations for the section.

Power supply (ETR)

lighting layout
wiring of power networks
ASU scheme
grounding system
detailed description and characteristics of all elements of the system.

IMPORTANT
Make sure that the sections contain general data, general and technical description, specification of materials and equipment.

Price: from 40 UAH per m²

Package "Engineering networks"

The project of engineering networks will allow you to competently lay communications and make the house truly comfortable and modern.

Price: from 40 UAH per m²

Changes in the project

All our standard projects take into account the basic needs of the average family, however, in this case, it is not necessary to talk about the individuality of your future home. But to make the house look original and fully meet your requirements, we are ready to make changes to the project.

IMPORTANT:

changes should not affect the reliability and quality of the house
multiple changes are unlikely to dramatically improve the project. In this case, it is worth thinking about individual design from scratch.

The following changes can be made to the design of the house

relocation of wall partitions, but without moving the load-bearing walls, allows you to redevelop and change the purpose of the rooms
changing the location of windows and doors will maximize your ideas about comfort
changing the type of floors and walls
change in the height of the ceilings (the height of 2.8 m is laid down in the projects);
add attic floor
changing the angle of the roof and canopies
change the type of foundation, taking into account the characteristics of the soil on the site, add or change the basement and basement
add or remove a garage, shed, outdoor parking or make changes to an existing project
replace the structural composition or add building and finishing materials
get project in mirror image

Price: from 500 UAH.

Changes in the project

A house built according to a standard project may look original

Price from 500 UAH.

BIMx model

We keep up with the times and already today we offer you the opportunity to receive, along with project documentation, BIMx model - based on technology that provides simultaneous navigation through 2D documentation and 3D building models.

Now you can "twist, walk around inside, see your future Home from all sides" View all sizes and heights, specifications of openings, etc. You will receive a file that will be your reliable, convenient assistant for construction control.

*You receive the file in electronic form and use it using the BIMX application on Apple and Android mobile devices

The BIMX application is available for free in the Play Market, App store

BiMx Demo

BIMx model

BIMx model - interactive view of a three-dimensional model of your home. Now you can "twist, walk around, see your future Home from all sides"

Project price 3 000 UAH.

Package "Foundation adaptation"

It is difficult to predict what kind of soil will be on the site where it is planned to build a house. Therefore, standard projects of houses are developed taking into account the average soil parameters. But often they differ significantly from the engineering and geological parameters of a real building site. Therefore, the foundation will have to be adapted to a specific project.

For this purpose, the “Adaptation of the foundation” package has been developed, which includes

choice of foundation structures
calculation of technical indicators:

foundation footing depth
bearing capacity
ultimate stress of the soil under the base of the foundation
sectional area of working reinforcement, etc.

creation of zero cycle drawings
costing of building materials.

The adaptation of the foundation, performed by professionals, gives a full guarantee of its reliability, and hence the reliability of the whole house. Moreover, the construction of a foundation adapted according to updated engineering and geological data may turn out to be cheaper than the option originally proposed in the project.

Price: 3000 UAH

Package "Foundation adaptation"

Preparation of a foundation project for a specific site

Project price 3 000 UAH.

Individual design

For the desire to be original and different from everyone, you have to pay.
This statement is also true for individual design of houses. Yes, such a project is always unique and fully takes into account all the wishes of the developer. But it will cost more than the standard one. But here, as they say, it all depends on the preferences and financial capabilities of the client.

But sometimes it also happens that only individual design can save the situation. For example, when a customer saw a house in a glossy magazine and categorically demands that his home look exactly like that. Here is a more prosaic case: a non-standard plot was chosen for development. And it also happens that the customer makes so many changes and additions to the already selected standard project that it will be easier, and most importantly, cheaper to develop a "project from scratch".

Creation of an individual project includes:

preparation and approval of terms of reference
conclusion of a contract for design work and prepayment
creation of a house concept, choice of style and planning solutions
coordination of plans for facades and premises
development of a preliminary design, which is necessary for obtaining a building permit
development of sections of the project.

Additionally you can order:

Projects of additional facilities on the site - a garage, a workshop, a bathhouse, etc.
Visualization of the project in 3D format.

You can decide on the style of the future home in the catalog "Individual design".

Price: from 50 UAH/ m²

Individual design

Realize your individuality!

Price: from 50 UAH. / m²

Geology package

Engineering and geological surveys are carried out in order to determine the features of the land plot selected for development. And the main task of such work is to minimize all possible negative factors that may affect the construction work and operation of the finished house. First of all, these data are necessary for laying the foundation. And, as you know, the reliability of the entire structure directly depends on its strength.

In this case, the following types of work are performed:

inspection of the site allotted for construction and adjacent territories
soil sampling at the site
studies of soil samples to determine the physical and mechanical properties of soils
geodetic survey of the site with adjacent territories and preparation of an engineering-geological section.

Engineering-geological surveys are divided into three categories of complexity.

The surface of the land plot is horizontal
a small number of indicators of soil variability
lack of groundwater or the presence of one aquifer
absence of geological processes and technogenic factors.

Land plot with a noticeable slope
a significant number of indicators of soil variability
two or more aquifers
at the same time, physical and mechanical characteristics do not significantly affect changes in the parameters of the foundation laid down in the project.

Variable land relief
The site is based on soils of various origins.
large heterogeneity of soil variability indicators
complex groundwater horizons with alternating aquifers and water-resistant soils
there are geological processes that affect the construction and operation of the building
man-made impacts are observed.

It must be understood that geological work is a reasonable expense on which your safety depends. In addition, often, engineering and geological surveys help to reduce the total cost of building a house, when it turns out that it is possible to replace the materials originally included in the project of the house with less expensive ones or reduce their consumption.

Price: from 6000 UAH.

Geology package

If you want to build a solid house in which more than one generation of your family will live, it makes sense to use the Geology package, which will be performed by qualified Dom4m specialists

Price: from 6 000 UAH.

Package Geodesy

Geodetic work will allow not only to optimally fit the building into the surrounding landscape and infrastructure, but also save time, money and prevent overspending of materials.

Stages of geodetic work

Topographic survey of the site

At this stage, it is important to take into account the heights, slopes, wetlands and vegetation on the land on which the house will be located.

Topographic survey makes it possible to accurately calculate engineering work, such as the movement of soil and the orientation of the building to the cardinal points.

In addition, all information is applied to a topographic plan, which will later be useful for developing a landscape project, drainage, arranging household and storm sewers, automatic irrigation systems, when working on site lighting, etc.

Land management work

In the process of these works, the boundaries of the future home ownership are determined and a package of land management documents is created. This will allow you to easily issue the right to use the land.

Engineering and geodetic works

In the course of the survey, geodetic and topographic data are being refined. The result of such work is a detailed technical report, which will be compiled by the specialists of our company.

Marking work

The paper project is transferred to the land plot as accurately as possible: the axes of structures and utilities are plotted, the configuration of the pit and the fence is determined.

Price: from 3000 UAH.

Package Geodesy

The package "Geodesy" is a set of calculations that will allow you to correctly position the house on the site with reference to the relief. It also takes into account the presence and features of the location of neighboring buildings, engineering and transport communications

Price: from 3 000 UAH.

Package "Tender offer"

A tender offer is a document in which building materials are carefully and in detail described, their required quantities are indicated, as well as a list of upcoming works and their volume. In other words, these are your costs for building your future home. But not only. It is also an opportunity to control costs and adjust the list of materials and works.

The tender offer allows

calculate the total construction cost
independently adjust prices for each item
attract the most profitable contractors
competently supervise contractors at each stage of construction
control the consumption of building materials
a tender offer indicating prices for materials and work will facilitate obtaining a bank loan for construction.

As a rule, the customer receives a tender offer from our company in the form of a table in *.xls format. This will allow the developer to independently analyze and edit the document in the future.

Price: 3200 UAH

Package "Tender offer"

Tender offer:

Request a detailed quote. Build for yourself!

Project price 3 200 UAH.

Package "Anti-ice"

In a snowy winter, snowdrifts and ice on the roof cause a lot of trouble. Ceilings in a modern house are unlikely to break under their weight, but snow behind the collar and hanging icicles is not the most pleasant thing. You can, of course, and the old-fashioned way to clean the roof. Wave a shovel in the cold for 2-3 hours, from time to time shouting at the household in the spirit of Vasily Alibabaevich from "Gentlemen of Fortune": "Don't go here, you go here! The snow will fall on your head" ...

But in the modern world, convenient and efficient snowmelt and anti-icing systems have long been invented. And by the way, they are used not only for roofs. Their basis is heating cables. The systems work on the principle of "warm floor", but they are more powerful and have a smaller cable laying step.

The Anti-Ice package is a project documentation developed taking into account the specifics of the energy supply of a particular house:

for flat roofs and gutters
for the entrance group
for access to the garage.

Important:

for a complex multi-pitched roof, the specialists of our company will design the Anti-Ice system according to an individual order.

Package "Anti-ice"

Your comfort and safety in winter

Project price 1 100 UAH.

Package "Lightning protection"

Some private developers do not attach importance to protecting their own homes from lightning. The reasons are different: someone is trying to save money, someone generally thinks that this is nonsense. But, as practice shows, 3-4 years after the construction of the house, many return to this issue. Toli “thunder struck”, and all household appliances burned down in a neighbor’s thunderstorm, or statistics caught my eye: “every year in Ukraine there are about 3,500 fires caused by lightning strikes” ...

We propose to immediately resolve this issue: choose the type of protection and plan its placement at the design stage of the house. Firstly, lightning can strike the house even immediately after construction - it will be a shame, and secondly, for purely aesthetic reasons - there will be no need to once again hammer the walls of the house and pull the down conductor along the facade, violating the thoughtful appearance of the building.

Lightning protection at home is a system of devices located both outside the house and inside the premises. External lightning protection prevents lightning from entering the house, internal - protects the electrical network from sudden voltage surges. And additional devices protect the equipment in the house from sudden changes in the electromagnetic field within the radius of a lightning strike.

The package "Lightning protection" includes

plan-scheme of the location of lightning rods that take on direct lightning strikes
cross-sectional diagram of a current collector that diverts current from the lightning rod to ground
ground loop circuit that distributes lightning energy in the soil, ensuring complete safety
averaged resistance calculations
detailed list of required materials
recommendations for project implementation.

By choosing the "Lightning protection" package from Dom4M, you can be completely calm about the safety of your home even in the most severe thunderstorm.

Price: 1100 UAH

Package "Lightning protection"

Lightning protection: think about safety in advance

Project price 1 100 UAH.

Package "Central vacuum cleaner"

"Central vacuum cleaner" is a kind of aspiration system(removal of small particles by sucking them in with an air stream).

The system consists of:

vacuum cleaner(installed in the technical room);
duct system, along which the dust-air mass moves (more often hidden installation is carried out in the preparation of the floor or in the space behind the false ceiling);
pneumosockets and pneumosows(a flexible hose with a telescopic rod and a nozzle is connected to the former, as in a conventional vacuum cleaner, the latter are intended for express cleaning, usually in the kitchen).

Pros:

removable dusty no air gets in back into the room, and is “thrown out” after the unit to the street;
No noise in clean rooms.
Ease of cleaning without "pulling" the vacuum cleaner from room to room, without the use of extension cords.
Concealed installation system, there is nothing in the room except a pneumo-socket.

Project price: from 1100 UAH.

Package "Central vacuum cleaner"

"An integral part of a modern home is comfort, cleanliness and fresh air"

Project price: from 1 100 UAH

Package "Comfortable home"

Explanatory dictionaries claim that comfort is a set of household amenities, without which life is unthinkable.
modern man in a modern house. Most of these amenities are laid down at the design stage. But we are ready to expand their list and help clients make their own housing as comfortable as possible.

Package "Comfortable home"

Don't deny yourself comfort. Additional package "Comfortable home" for those who truly appreciate the comfort of home

Price: from 3 500 UAH.

Package "Warm floor"

Knowledgeable people claim that the ancient Romans used floor heating. And they definitely knew a lot about comfort. Today, this method of heating is not only not forgotten, but is also being developed on the basis of modern materials and technologies. "Warm floor" has become an important component of comfort and an excellent addition to any heating system.

uniform distribution of heat;
fast and economical air heating;
convenient system of regulation and maintenance of the set temperature.

The package "Warm floor" involves individual design:

optimal selection of system design;
selection of circulation pumps;
calculation of parameters of the heating system;
heat loss calculation;
heating system diagrams: contour area, laying step, pipe diameters;
specification of materials and equipment.

Price: 40 UAH behind m²

Package "Warm floor"

Create a comfortable climate in your home

Price : 40 UAH per m²

Architectural Passport

Each country house is required to have its own passport. This document contains the most general information about the project of the house. What is called, without going into details and details. Because, more complete information can always be found in the architectural and constructive section of each project. And in the passport, only the most basic dimensions, heights and technical and economic parameters are indicated.

The Architectural Passport contains documents that will significantly speed up all kinds of approvals in local architectural supervision authorities and, ultimately, obtaining a building permit.

Sections of the Architectural Passport

GUI certificate for Ukraine
Draft part of the project:

facade plans
floor plans
cuts along the axes
roofing design

Explanatory note.

It is better to order an architectural passport from the same company that prepared the project of the house itself: as they say, "with a large volume, a discount is expected." Agree that the issue of savings for any developer is important. And besides, it is the architects and design engineers of our company, who worked on your project, who will be able to do it organically and quickly.

Price: 800 UAH

Architectural Passport

An architectural passport allows you to obtain a building permit from local architectural supervision authorities

Project price 800 UAH.

It is a big problem to choose a house design for an earthquake-prone area. The number of specialized projects is very limited, so it is difficult to find something that matches your ideas about a comfortable and cozy home.

We offer our solution to this issue. You do not have to settle for a compromise - safety at the expense of appearance or vice versa. We are ready to adapt any of our projects to an earthquake-prone region where residential development is allowed.

Important

adaptation involves changes in the project to comply with the Construction Standards of Ukraine under the section Construction in seismically hazardous regions;
the number and complexity of changes depends on the selected project and the seismic characteristics of the area.

Price: 5000 UAH - house up to 150 m² .

6000 - house up to 300 m² .

Over 300 m² - negotiable

Adaptation of the project for seismic zones

Seismically safe house: both safe and beautiful

Price: from 5 000 UAH.

Additional copy of the project

Order an additional copy of the project with a print.

With a standard order, we send two copies: one copy is transferred to the builders, one remains with the customer. You can order another copy if there is a need to provide it to third parties (to suppliers of materials, for example).

Also, an additional copy of the project can be useful if time is running out. Then, this will help to significantly speed up the work on adapting the project, and the availability of such copies from several specialists at once will reduce the construction time. In addition, it can be a great help in recovering lost or corrupted documents.

Additional copy of the project

For the prudent: an additional copy of the project with a seal

The price of the project is 500 UAH.

Departure of the architect

Departure of the architect is carried out in Kyiv and nearby settlements.

The initial departure involves: obtaining a technical assignment and collecting information, communications, architectural data of buildings, clarifying the linear and height dimensions of the site, photographic fixation.

Price:200 UAH at one o'clock*

*the time from the moment of departure from the office to the moment of returning back is taken into account

Departure of the architect

Get advice and recommendations from the architect at your site

Price: 200 UAH / hour*

Obtaining a building construction passport

A construction passport for the development of a land plot is a document on the basis of which a set of urban planning and architectural requirements for the placement and construction of an individual private residential building (including garden, country houses, utility buildings and structures that are located on a personal plot, garages, elements of an engineering protection, improvement and landscaping of the land plot) - but not more than 2 floors (excluding the attic floor) with an area of up to 300 square meters.

For construction projects for which a construction passport is provided, the development of a construction project is carried out exclusively at the request of the customer. Designing on the basis of a building passport is carried out without obtaining town-planning conditions and restrictions.

If it is planned to build a private residential building above 2 floors (excluding the attic floor), and also if the area of the house exceeds 300 square meters, then it is necessary to obtain urban planning conditions and restrictions on the development of the land plot.

To obtain a building passport, the developer applies to the Main Department of Architecture and Urban Planning with a written statement of intent to build a land plot.

The following is also attached to the application:

The urban planning and architecture authorities determine the conformity of the land plot development intentions with the current urban planning documentation (the general plan of the settlement, the zoning plan and the detailed territory plan, the territory planning scheme) in terms of the functional, targeted, construction and landscape use of the land plot. A refusal to issue a building passport, together with the appropriate justification, is issued by a specially authorized body for urban planning and architecture within 10 days. The reason for the refusal to provide a building passport is the inconsistency of the intentions of building the land plot with the requirements of urban planning documentation at the local level, building codes, state standards and rules.

Price: from 6000 UAH.

Obtaining a building permit (notification or declaration of commencement of construction work)

Construction work is work on new construction, reconstruction, technical re-equipment of existing enterprises, restoration, overhaul. Construction work can be performed by the customer only after receiving a document certifying the right of ownership or use of the land:

A notice of commencement of construction work is a document that relates to objects, the construction of which is carried out on the basis of a construction passport, and which do not require registration of a declaration on the commencement of construction work or obtaining a permit for construction work. The construction of such objects is carried out after sending a notice of the start of construction work to the Inspectorate for the location of the construction object and is submitted only on condition that the area of the new building does not exceed 300 square meters.

The declaration, as well as the notification of the commencement of construction work, grants the right to build. It is needed to perform construction work at facilities belonging to I-III category of complexity. It is prohibited to connect a construction object to engineering networks and structures without registering a notice or declaration. Under current law, the customer is liable for the performance of construction work without a registered declaration or without notification.

Price: from 3000 UAH.

Obtaining urban conditions and restrictions

Urban planning conditions and restrictions on the development of a land plot is a document containing a set of planning and architectural requirements for the design and construction of the number of storeys and building density of the land plot, deviations of houses and structures from the red lines, the boundaries of the land plot, its improvement and landscaping, other requirements for the object construction, established by law and urban planning documentation. These documents consist of a text and a graphic part.

The graphic part contains:

Situational diagram of the location of the land plot with the display of the zone of influence of the urban development object;

Scheme of the use of the land plot with the display of planning restrictions, the maximum building area, landscaping, other types of use, the proposed location of buildings and structures, entrances and exits, existing engineering networks;

Scheme (model) of a volume-spatial solution.

The customer has the right to apply to the local government, as well as to the persons who provided the technical conditions, with a request to extend the validity of the initial data.

Urban planning conditions and restrictions on the development of a land plot are provided to the customer by the urban planning and architecture department of the city council within two weeks from the date of registration of the application if the intentions indicated in the application belong to the predominant or permissible type of development of the relevant territory.

To obtain town-planning conditions and restrictions, the application shall be accompanied by:

duly certified copy of the document on the right of ownership (use) of the land plot;
situational plan-scheme on the location of the land plot (in any form);
copies from the topographic and geodetic plan M1:2000;
cadastral certificate from the town-planning cadastre (if any);
the next cadastral plan (an extract from the land cadastre - in the absence of an urban cadastre);
photographic fixation of the land plot (with surroundings);
urban planning calculation with technical and economic indicators of the planned construction object.

If the intentions of building a land plot do not meet the requirements of urban planning documentation and types of use of the territory, the local government, within a month from the date of registration of the application, provides the applicant with an opinion on this discrepancy and recommendations regarding a possible change in the intentions of building a land plot. Urban planning conditions and restrictions on the development of a land plot are the basis for obtaining other initial data for the design of a building site and the implementation of this design.

Price: from 6000 UAH.

Preparation and approval of the master plan

A detailed version of the master plan is called a detailed area plan. It is being developed for territories of residential areas, microdistricts, quarters of new development, complex reconstruction of quarters, microdistricts of obsolete housing stock, territories of industrial, recreational and other buildings. Subsequence the development and area of territories for which detailed plans are created is determined by the relevant authorized body for urban planning and architecture in accordance with the general plan of the settlement. A detailed plan of the territory is developed by business entities that have architects on staff who have the appropriate certificate confirming their qualifications.

The decision to develop a master plan, a zoning plan for a territory, a detailed plan for a territory located within a settlement, as well as to amend this urban planning documentation, is made by the relevant village, township, city council. The decision to develop a detailed plan of the territory located outside the settlement, or to make changes to it, is made by the relevant district state administration.

Price: from 10 000 UAH.

Technical supervision of buildings and structures

Technical supervision is carried out during the entire period of construction of the designed object in order to prevent the possibility of violation of state building codes, rules and legislation in the field of construction. The presence of a specialist who conducts technical supervision of construction is one of the requirements for obtaining a document that allows you to start construction work, as well as a document certifying the successful commissioning of a construction object.

Technical inspection of building structures and engineering networks is carried out in cases where it is necessary to establish the fact of the reliability of the building and its safe operation.

Technical supervision is provided by the customer (developer) during the entire period of construction of the facility. The purpose of the control is to comply with design decisions and the requirements of state standards,

building codes and regulations. The volume of work performed during the construction and changes (including by demolition) of such an object should also be controlled. Technical supervision can be carried out by persons who have a qualification certificate issued by the architectural and construction attestation commission in accordance with the law.

Price: from 2000 UAH.

Architectural supervision of construction

It is carried out by the architect - the author of the project of the architectural object, other developers of the approved project or authorized persons (hereinafter referred to as the general designer) in accordance with applicable law and an agreement with the customer (developer) during the entire construction period. At the same time, it is envisaged to control the compliance of construction and installation works with the project.

Such control will eliminate all sorts of inaccuracies encountered during construction or repair, as well as save money in the selection of building materials, lighting and other things.

There are two options for conducting supervision:

After the start of repair (construction) work at the facility, a schedule of visits of the architect to the facility is drawn up. Usually, this happens 2 times a week. This scheme allows the architect to check the compliance of the work performed with the approved project, evaluate the quality of work, conduct consultations and answer builders' questions.
The architect travels to the site upon request. This only happens when problems and ambiguities arise that cannot be resolved by the builders on site.

The customer must understand that the architect does not solve such issues as: ordering and delivery of building and finishing materials, their unloading. It cannot affect the timing of the execution of certain works. The main task of the architect is to control the repair (finishing) work and achieve their compliance with the developed project.

Author's supervision is a guarantee that all repair and finishing works will lead to the desired result, which was recorded in the project. Such results are recorded in a journal, which is drawn up by the general designer in two copies, one of which is kept by the customer, and the second by the general designer. After the object is accepted for operation, the general designer must keep a copy of the author's supervision log in the archive.

Price: from 2000 UAH.

Obtaining a declaration of readiness of the facility for operation

Acceptance for operation of objects belonging to the I-III category of complexity, and objects, the construction of which was carried out on the basis of a building passport, is carried out by registering by the State Architectural and Construction Inspectorate and its territorial bodies a declaration submitted by the customer on the readiness of the object for operation. The date of acceptance into operation of the object is the date of registration of the declaration or issue of the certificate. The operation of objects not accepted for operation is prohibited.

The registered declaration or certificate is the basis for the conclusion of contracts for the supply of the object accepted for operation, the resources necessary for its operation - water, gas, heat, electricity, the inclusion of data on such an object in the state statistical reporting and registration of ownership of it.

Price: from 3000 UAH.

BTI services

Price 4-10 UAH. per m2 Minimum price of registration certificate 600 UAH(Garage), apartment from 800 UAH

Services for the production of a technical passport.

A technical passport is a document that is compiled on the basis of the materials of the technical inventory of a real estate object and contains basic information about it. The registration certificate is produced by BTI. The technical inventory procedure is mandatory. It is a survey and technical measurements of real estate (residential or non-residential stock) with the determination of the actual area, the technical condition of the property and the determination of its inventory value.

Technical inventory is carried out:

before the commissioning of facilities with completed construction or after reconstruction and overhaul;
before the state registration of ownership of the object of construction in progress;
before the state registration of the right of ownership to an immovable property formed as a result of division, merger or allocation of a share from an immovable property, except for cases when, as a result of such division, merger or allocation of a share, the completed object was put into operation.

In other cases, a technical inventory is carried out at the request of the customer.

The objects subject to technical inventory include:

apartment buildings, hostels;
single-family (manor) houses;
multifunctional buildings and complexes;
buildings and structures for public and industrial purposes, engineering networks, landscaping elements, etc.;
outbuildings (sheds, garages, summer kitchens, workshops, latrines, cellars, sheds, boiler rooms, boiler rooms, transformer substations, garbage bins, etc.);
outbuildings such as: wells, cesspools, fences, gates, gates, etc.;
garden and country houses, garages (not related to economic: multi-storey, underground, one-story - block);
protective structures of civil protection (civil defense).

Property Valuation Services

Property valuation is mandatory in the following cases:

creation of enterprises (economic companies) on the basis of state property or property in communal ownership;
reorganization, bankruptcy, liquidation of state, communal enterprises and enterprises (economic companies) with a state share of property;
allocation or determination of a share of property in common property, in which there is a state share (a share of communal property);
determining the cost of contributions of participants and founders of a business company, if the property of business companies with a state share (shares of communal property) is contributed to the said company, as well as in the event of withdrawal (exclusion) of a participant or founder from such a company;
privatization and other alienation in cases established by law, lease, exchange, insurance of state property, property in communal ownership, as well as the return of this property on the basis of a court decision;
revaluation of fixed assets for accounting purposes;
taxation of property under the law;
determination of losses or the amount of compensation in cases established by law;
in other cases by a court decision or in connection with the need to protect the public interest.

An expert appraisal of residential buildings, as well as an appraisal of other types of real estate, is often necessary:

for taxation purposes when selling, donating, exchanging;
for the transfer of real estate as collateral (crediting);
for presentation in court, in particular when dividing property;
for re-registration of property rights upon receipt of an inheritance.

A feature of the assessment of residential buildings is that in most cases, when assessing a house, an expert monetary assessment of the land plot on which this house is located is also required.

The appraised value of real estate, other than construction in progress, is determined by applying a comparative approach based on information on the sale of real estate that was sold no more than six months before the date of the assessment or is offered for sale at the date of the assessment.

The general algorithm for applying the comparative approach is:

identification of the object of assessment and rights associated with it, that is, establishing the correspondence of such an object to the available initial data and information about it;
selection of comparison objects;
determination of the characteristics to be adjusted;
making amendments;
determination of the value of the object of assessment by coordinating the obtained values of the value of the objects of comparison.

The appraised value of the appraisal object can be determined by applying other methodological approaches, at the choice of the subject of appraisal activity, taking into account the individual characteristics of the object and the features provided for by national appraisal standards.

Privatization of land

Land privatization is the transfer of ownership of a land plot to an individual or legal entity. A citizen who is a user of land and is interested in its privatization must submit an application to the local state administration bodies at the location of this site. The local government or executive authority considers the submitted application within a month and issues a decision on the development of a land privatization project.

It takes 1-2 days to develop documentation. The permit is issued within 14 to 180 days, depending on where the land is located.

For land privatization, the following documents must be submitted:

original decision of the state authorities. administrations responsible for the transfer of ownership of land. This is the decision of the rural, city, district, Kyiv or Sevastopol administration;
a copy of the master plan or project for the formation of the boundaries of the site;
copies of documents for buildings and structures (if they are registered);
copies of the passport and TIN (for individuals), a notarized copy of the registration certificate, a copy of the tax payment certificate, a copy of the certificate from the unified state. register of enterprises and organizations (for legal entities).

Change of destination

Each piece of land has a specific purpose. Sometimes there are situations when the owner needs to change the purpose of the land allotment. To do this, you must submit an application (petition) to the appropriate administration, in whose department this site is located. Copies of the following documents must be attached to the application:

a state act that confirms the ownership of land;
copies of the passport and TIN;
justification for changing the purpose of the land (in it it is necessary to explain the reason for changing the purpose of the site).

After consideration of the package of documents, permission will be issued to change the intended purpose of the land. After that, it is necessary to develop a project, coordinate it with all instances and submit approval to the authority that issued the permit to change the intended use of the land. Only after that a new state act will be registered, which will indicate the new purpose of the land plot.

Changing the purpose of the land is carried out in several stages. It takes 1-2 days to develop a project, and it can take up to a month and a half for approval.

For this procedure, you must provide:

the original decision of the state administration, whose competence includes issuing permits for changing the intended use of land.
permission of the architectural authorities (if any).
individuals must submit copies of passports and TIN, for legal entities it is necessary to submit notarized copies of the registration certificate, charter, tax payment certificate and certificate-extract from the unified state register of enterprises and organizations.

According to the Land Code of Ukraine dated October 25, 2001 (as amended and supplemented), the change in the designated purpose of privately owned land plots is carried out:

on land plots located within the boundaries of a settlement - by a village, settlement, city council;
for land plots located outside settlements - by the district state administration;
on land plots located outside settlements that are not included in the territory of the district or, if the district state administration is not formed, - by the Council of Ministers of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, the regional state administration.

A land management project for the allocation of a land plot of private property, the purpose of which is subject to change, is developed by order of the owner of the land plot without granting permission for its development. This permit is issued by the Council of Ministers of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, an executive authority, a local government.

Price: from 10 000 UAH. Full construction

Division and consolidation of land plots

The division of the land plot is possible in the following cases:

1. at the request of the owner of the land plot, provided that as a result of division, the boundaries of the plot will not be violated;

2. division of a land plot in case of alienation of one or more of its parts;

3. division in kind during the division between the share co-owners of the land plot;

4. The division of a land plot can be carried out if each of the parts obtained after the division can become an individual plot of land.

The division of the land plot is carried out at the request of the owner to separate one or more parts. When dividing a piece of land into several, new boundary marks are installed.

The division of a land plot is possible after the development of documentation on land management and the formation of a plot in the State Land Cadastre in order to assign a cadastral number and conduct state registration of ownership separately for each of the plots that arose as a result of the division.

Consolidation of land plots is possible subject to the following conditions:

all land plots belong to one owner;
plots have a common border;
the merged plots have the same purpose.

Association is carried out at the request of the owner of the land.

The land plots created as a result of division or merger, after registration of documents in the State Land Agency, are mandatory registered with the State Registration Service.

For the procedure of division/unification of land plots, the following documents must be submitted:

a notarized application for division/merger of land plots;
a notarized copy of the state act on the land;
a copy of the passport and identification code (for individuals), notarized copies of the certificate of registration, charter, tax payment certificate, certificates from the unified state register of enterprises and organizations (for legal entities).

Price: from 10 000 UAH. turnkey for each plot

Assignment of cadastral numbers

The cadastral number is a unique number assigned to only one land plot. A mandatory step in assigning a cadastral number is to enter this number into the electronic database. The cadastral number is retained throughout the entire period of existence of the site (both physically and legally). At the same time, a change in the owner of a land plot or its purpose does not give grounds for changing the cadastral number.

List of documents required for assigning a cadastral number to land plots for which old-style state acts were issued (until 2003):

a notarized copy of the State Act of the old sample;
a copy indicating the location of the land plot, certified by the seal of the village council (garden association) and the signature of the chairman;
certificate from the village council (garden association);
a certificate from the regional center of the SLC (state land cadastre) that the State Act is registered in the registration book of the state. acts on land plots;
a copy of all pages of the passport and an identification code for an individual or notarized copies of all constituent documents of a legal entity.

Owners of land plots who registered the right of ownership or the right to use before 2003 (red and yellow state certificates) may encounter difficulties in alienating a land plot, since these acts do not contain a cadastral number. In contracts of sale, donation, exchange, as well as in mortgage contracts, in order to identify the land, the cadastral number is indicated.

Our company implements a range of services for the preparation and entry of information into the databases of the state cadastral registration of land plots.

Price: from 6000 UAH.

State registration of rights to real estate.

State registration of rights is carried out by the body of state registration of rights and a notary, by making entries in the State Register of Rights. At the same time, the notary acts as a special subject, which is entrusted with the functions of the state registrar of rights to real estate.

The body of state registration of rights conducts:

state registration of rights to real estate at the location of such property;
state registration of encumbrances of rights to real estate, regardless of the location of such property;
accounting for ownerless real estate at the location of such property.

If the immovable property is located within the territory where two or more bodies of state registration of rights operate, then the registration of rights and registration of ownerless real estate are carried out by one of such bodies, chosen at the discretion of the person concerned or a person authorized by him.

The State Register of Rights registers property rights and their encumbrances on real estate objects, namely: land plots, enterprises as single property complexes, residential buildings, buildings, structures or their separate parts, apartments, residential and non-residential premises.