Boris Nikolaevich Ponomarev: biography. The most closed people

Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (06/29/1962, corresponding member since 06/20/1958).

Biography

In 1920-1923. - in the Komsomol and party work in Zaraysk, and then in the Donbass and the Turkmen SSR.

Graduated from Moscow University (1926), Institute of Red Professors (1932). Since that time, he was a personal friend of D. T. Shepilov.

In 1932-1934. - Deputy Director of the Historical and Party Institute of the Red Professors, in 1934-1937. - Director of the Institute of Party History under the Moscow Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. In 1936-1943. - political referent and assistant to the head of the Executive Committee of the Comintern Georgy Dimitrov.

Since 1944 - Deputy Head of the Department of International Information of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks, since 1947 - Deputy Head, Head of the Soviet Information Bureau under the Council of Ministers of the USSR.

In 1948-1955. - First Deputy Head, from 1955 to 1986 - the permanent head of the Department for Relations with Foreign Communist Parties - the International Department of the Central Committee of the CPSU, was one of the main persons who formed the foreign policy of the USSR.

In 1961-1986. Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU. Candidate member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the CPSU in 1972-1986.

Member of the RCP(b) since 1919, member of the Central Committee of the CPSU in 1956-1989. (candidate since 1952). Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the 5th-11th convocations.

Chairman of the Scientific Council of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR "History of the workers' and national liberation movement" (1962-1985). Head of the group of authors of the textbook on the history of the CPSU (1960, 4th ed. 1971-1974). Member of the Main Editorial Board of the multi-volume history of the CPSU. Executive editor of the ten-volume "History of the Soviet Union from ancient times to the present day" (1963).

• History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1985, co-author);
• Victory for Peace: The Great Victory and Its International Significance (1985);
• The Living and Effective Teaching of Marxism-Leninism: A Reply to the Critics (1986);
• Great October. 70 years old. Scientific and technological progress (1987);

Retired since 1986.

Among the leaders of the CPSU during the “stagnation”, he was distinguished by an open anti-Stalinist position, he was extremely negative about Brezhnev’s attempts to restore, at least partially, the former cult of Stalin.

He was buried at the Novokuntsevo cemetery in Moscow.

Personality

• Ponomarev's closest associates testified that, at least after the 20th Congress, he always stood firmly on the positions of anti-Stalinism.

Awards and titles

Hero of Socialist Labor (1975). He was awarded five orders of Lenin, the Order of the Red Banner of Labor, the Order of the October Revolution, the Order of Georgy Dimitrov (Bulgaria), the Order of Karl Marx (GDR), the Order of Victorious February (Czechoslovakia), as well as medals.

Laureate of the Lenin Prize (1982), Dimitrov Prize (Bulgaria, 1972).

Ponomarev Boris Nikolaevich [b. 4 (17) 1.1905, Zaraisk, now Moscow region], Soviet state and party leader, historian, Hero of Socialist Labor (1975), professor (1932), academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences (1962; corresponding member 1958). Member of the CPSU since 1919. Born in the family of an employee. In 1919 he volunteered for the Red Army. From 1920 to 1923, in Komsomol and party work in Zaraysk: secretary of the Ukom and member of the bureau of the Ryazan Provincial Komsomol Committee, secretary of the factory party organization. Graduated from Moscow State University (1926) and the Institute of Red Professors (1932). In 1926–28 he was at party work in the Donbass, Turkmenistan. In 1932–34, deputy director of the Historical and Party Institute of the red professors; in 1934–36 director of the Institute of Party History under the Moscow Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. In 1937–43 he worked in the Executive Committee of the Comintern. In 1943-44 he was deputy director of the Marx, Engels, Lenin Institute. In 1944–46, deputy head of a department of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. From 1947 to 1949 he was deputy head and head of the Soviet Information Bureau under the Council of Ministers of the USSR. From 1948 1st Deputy Head of a Department of the Central Committee, in 1955–61 Head of a Department of the Central Committee of the CPSU.

From October 1961 Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU. At the 19th Party Congress he was elected as a candidate member of the Central Committee, at the 20th, 22nd-24th congresses he was a member of the Central Committee of the CPSU. Since May 1972, a candidate member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the CPSU. Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the 5th–9th convocations.

P. is the author and editor of many works on the history of the CPSU, the foreign policy of the USSR, the international communist, workers' and national liberation movement, and on problems of the theory of scientific socialism. Since 1932, head of the Department of Party History at the Institute of Red Professors, then at the Academy of Social Sciences under the Central Committee of the CPSU. Head of the team of authors for a textbook on the history of the CPSU (1960, 4th ed. 1971–74). Member of the Main Editorial Board of the multi-volume history of the CPSU.

P. is a member of the delegations of the CPSU at international meetings of communist and workers' parties. Awarded 5 orders of Lenin, 2 other orders, and medals.

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PONOMAREV Boris Nikolaevich

(04.01.1905 - 1995). Candidate member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the CPSU from 05/19/1972 to 03/06/1986. Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee from 10/31/1961 to 03/06/1986. Member of the CPSU Central Committee in 1956 - 1989. Candidate member of the Central Committee of the CPSU in 1952 - 1956. Member of the CPSU since 1919

Born in the city of Zaraysk, Ryazan province (now the Moscow region) in the family of an employee. Russian. In 1919 he signed up for the Red Army. Member of the Civil War. After demobilization from the Red Army, he worked as a turner in the mechanical workshop of the Zaraisk spinning and weaving factory Krasny Vostok. In 1920 - 1923 in Komsomol and party work in Zaraysk: secretary of the Komsomol committee, secretary of the factory party organization. In 1926 he graduated from Moscow State University, in 1932 he graduated from the Institute of Red Professors. He studied simultaneously with D. T. Shepilov, was his friend, knew his parents and brothers. In 1926 - 1928. member, then deputy head of the propaganda group of the Central Committee of the party in Turkmenistan and the Donbass, later teaching at universities. In 1932 - 1934 Deputy Director of the Historical and Party Institute of the Red Professors, in 1934 - 1937. Director of the Institute of History of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks under the Moscow Committee of the Party. From 1937 to 1943 he worked in the apparatus of the Executive Committee of the Comintern: political referee, assistant to Georgy Dimitrov, who, judging by his diary entries, did not particularly favor B. N. Ponomarev. He was involved in the organization of communist resistance movements. In 1937, N. S. Khrushchev, the first secretary of the Moscow City Committee and the Moscow Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks, received a denunciation from the secretary of the party committee of one of the Kolomna factories, H. E. Rubinchik: “I consider it necessary to inform the Moscow Committee that I know about very close and touching , friendly relations that the now exposed Gorbulsky had with the member of the CPSU (b) Ponomarev, who now works in the apparatus of the Executive Committee of the Comintern. Gorbulsky stayed with Ponomarev during his stay in Moscow day and night, and came several times to Voskresensk. I don’t know if Ponomarev informed his party organization about this” (TsAODM. F. 570. Op. 1. D. 11. L. 116). A few days later, the scammer became the secretary of the Kolomna district committee instead of the exposed Gorbulsky. The future academician B. N. Ponomarev, by a lucky chance, was not injured. In 1943 - 1944 Deputy Director of the Marx-Engels-Lenin Institute under the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. From 1944 to 1946 he was deputy head of the Department of International Information of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. In 1947 - 1949 First Deputy Head, Head of the Soviet Information Bureau under the Council of Ministers of the USSR. Since 1948, First Deputy Head of the Department for Relations with Communist and Workers' Parties of Foreign Countries (Foreign Policy Commission of the Central Committee of the CPSU). After the death of I. V. Stalin, he resolutely took the side of N. S. Khrushchev. Since 1955, he headed the Department of the Central Committee of the CPSU for relations with the communist and workers' parties of foreign countries. In 1956, in his office, M. Rakosi printed a document - a request for the entry of Soviet troops into Budapest. At the June (1957) Plenum of the Central Committee of the CPSU addressed the Presidium of the Plenum with a written statement condemning the "anti-Party group" G. M. Malenkov, V. M. Molotov, L. M. Kaganovich and others, demanded their severe punishment. In 1961 - 1986 Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU. At the XXII Congress of the CPSU (October 1961), denouncing V. M. Molotov, he quoted from his article written in April 1957: “We know that individual mistakes, and sometimes serious mistakes, are inevitable when solving such complex historical issues. No one has and cannot have a guarantee on this score. He called these words an attempt to bring a kind of "theoretical" base to justify the mistakes and lawlessness that were made during the cult of I. V. Stalin: "In other words, Molotov tried to prove: ''So it was under the cult of personality, so it will continue' '. But the party, its Central Committee said: no, it shouldn't be like that and it will never be like that again! (XXII Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. Verbatim report. T. 2. M., 1962. S. 224). He demanded the exclusion from the party of all members of the "anti-party group" headed by V. M. Molotov. In the spring of 1965, being in a "suspended" state, he led the group for the preparation of the report of L. I. Brezhnev at the Plenum of the Central Committee, the first after his election as First Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU. L. I. Brezhnev did not like the report, and he expressed the opinion whether it would be better to cancel the Plenum. The whole group was in disarray, but the leader said that nothing extraordinary had happened, and that a new report would be written in a day or two. Under his editorship, the first publication of new works by the classics of Marxism-Leninism was carried out, numerous editions of the official textbook "History of the CPSU" were published, revised and supplemented with the advent of each new leader. His predecessor in this matter was I.V. Stalin, the author and editor of the Short Course in the History of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. BN Ponomarev is the author of books on the history of the international communist and workers' movement. The initiator of the creation of the international journal of communist and workers' parties "Problems of Peace and Socialism", in the editorial office of which many future overthrowers of socialism in the USSR worked in Prague in the era of M. S. Gorbachev. In 1962 he was elected a full member of the USSR Academy of Sciences. He supervised the apparatus of the Constitutional Commission and practically the entire preparation of the "Brezhnev" Constitution of the USSR of 1977. On November 15, 1972, he diplomatically left the meeting of the Secretariat of the Central Committee, which discussed the article "Against Antihistoricism" published in Literaturnaya Gazeta by the First Deputy Head of the Propaganda Department of the Central Committee of the CPSU A. N. Yakovleva. On June 29, 1979, by decision of the Politburo of the CPSU Central Committee, he was sent to Afghanistan to stabilize the situation and normalize relations between the Afghan leaders Taraki and Amin. He was distinguished by automatic obedience to directives "from above", unconditional agreement with the opinion of the leadership and non-resistance to it in any case. L. I. Brezhnev, Yu. V. Andropov did not like him, but they tolerated him, taking into account professionalism. There was a protege of M. A. Suslov, who kept him in strictness. I spoke with M. A. Suslov on the phone respectfully, not without emotion. He had a very strong memory, which remained clear until the last days. On March 11, 1985, at a meeting of the Politburo, which discussed the issue of electing the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU, he supported the candidacy of M. S. Gorbachev named by A. A. Gromyko: complex software issues. MS Gorbachev takes an active position in conversations with leaders of the communist and workers' parties of foreign countries. This ability to work with foreign representatives is extremely important for the General Secretary of the Central Committee. Therefore, we all sincerely wish success to Mikhail Sergeevich Gorbachev in his new important and responsible post, and each of us will actively help him ”(TsKhSD. F. 89. Collection of declassified documents). According to the former deputy head of the International Department of the Central Committee of the CPSU K. N. Brutents, he had a narrow, often rigidly dogmatic view of things. In numerous public speeches, he never risked going beyond what had already been said and approved, he dried up and discolored the texts prepared for him. What gave them their originality was a technique that his speechwriters called "ponomarization": a grouping of several theses, each of which began with a paragraph that opened with a dash. These dashes each time constituted, according to the ironic definition of an employee of the department, A.S. Chernyaev, who worked hard in this field, "Ponomarev's teaching." The first reaction to any major event was often: "We need to write an article." He was a man of boring vocabulary, but unexpectedly he could deliver a vivid speech. In relations with foreign communist parties, he adhered to the Comintern traditions, the main of which was the provision on the CPSU as the infallible leading force, the father party. In early 1986, he prepared a draft international section for the Report of the Central Committee of the XXVII Congress of the CPSU. When the drafting committee drew his attention to the fact that the project was drawn up according to old patterns without trying to reflect a new approach or elements of new thinking, he indignantly declared: “What else is new thinking? We have the right mindset. Let Americans change their thinking. What Gorbachev says abroad is only for them, for the West!” (Dobrynin A.F. Purely confidential. M., 1996. P. 612). He treated the weaknesses of his employees condescendingly, behaved easily on trips, willingly participated in general amusements, even acted as a leader. Nevertheless, he knew how to keep subordinates at a respectful distance. Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the 5th - 11th convocations. Hero of Socialist Labor (1975). Laureate of the Lenin Prize (1982). Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (1962). Since 1986 he has been a pensioner of federal significance. Having gone on a well-deserved rest, every day he came to the Central Committee, where, at his request, he was given an office in the International Department. He defended the premises from the new authorities even after the dissolution of the CPSU in 1991. He wore a small Chaplin mustache and an unchanged, sometimes straw hat. A typical expression of surprise or indignation was the phrase: "The mind is incomprehensible." Favorite saying: “They beat the cat so that the daughter-in-law understands.” He was buried at the Kuntsevo cemetery in Moscow.

Ponomarev Boris Nikolaevich- (1905 1995), politician, historian, academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences (1962), Hero of Socialist Labor (1975). In 1961, 86 Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU. In 1972, 86 candidate members of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the CPSU. Works on the international communist and labor movement. ... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

Ponomarev Boris Nikolaevich- [R. 4 (17) 1.1905, Zaraisk, now Moscow region], Soviet statesman and party leader, historian, Hero of Socialist Labor (1975), professor (1932), academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences (1962; corresponding member 1958). Member of the CPSU since 1919. Born in ... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

Ponomarev Boris Nikolaevich

Ponomarev, Boris- Wikipedia has articles about other people with that surname, see Ponomarev. Ponomarev, Boris: Ponomarev, Boris Dmitrievich (1915 1999) clergyman of the Russian Orthodox Church, miter archpriest, rector of the church of Elijah the Prophet in the village ... ... Wikipedia

Boris Nikolaevich Ponomarev- (January 17, 1905, Zaraysk, Moscow province December 21, 1995, Moscow) Soviet party leader. In 1920 23 on Komsomol and party work in Zaraysk, and then in the Donbass and the Turkmen SSR. He graduated from Moscow State University in 1926, as well as the Institute ... ... Wikipedia

Boris Nikolaevich Ponomarev- Boris Nikolaevich Ponomarev (January 17, 1905, Zaraysk, Moscow province December 21, 1995, Moscow) Soviet party leader. In 1920 23 on Komsomol and party work in Zaraysk, and then in the Donbass and the Turkmen SSR. Graduated from Moscow State University at ... Wikipedia

Agapov, Boris Nikolaevich (politician)- Wikipedia has articles about other people with the name Agapov, Boris Nikolaevich. Boris Nikolaevich Agapov ... Wikipedia

Ponomarev, Boris Nikolaevich- Boris Nikolaevich Ponomarev (January 17, 1905, Zaraysk, Moscow province December 21, 1995, Moscow) Soviet party leader. In 1920 23 on Komsomol and party work in Zaraysk, and then in the Donbass and the Turkmen SSR. Graduated from Moscow State University at ... Wikipedia

Ponomarev Boris Nikolaevich- Boris Nikolaevich Ponomarev (January 17, 1905, Zaraysk, Moscow province December 21, 1995, Moscow) Soviet party leader. In 1920 23 on Komsomol and party work in Zaraysk, and then in the Donbass and the Turkmen SSR. Graduated from Moscow State University at ... Wikipedia

PONOMARYOV- Boris Nikolaevich (1905 95), in 1961 86 Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU, in 1972 86 candidate member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the CPSU, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences (1962), Hero of Socialist Labor (1975). Works on the problems of the communist and labor movement. Lenin Prize (1982). ... ... Russian history

PONOMAREV BORIS NIKOLAEVICH - Soviet party leader, leader of the international communist movement, historian, academician of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (1962), Hero of Socialist Labor (1975) .

Graduated from the 1st Moscow University (1926), the Institute of the Red Professor (IKP, 1932). Member of the RCP (b) (1919). In the Civil War of 1917-1922 in the Red Army (1919-1920). In 1920-1923, the secretary of the Za-rai-sky district of the RKSM committee, a member of the bureau of the Ryazan provincial committee of the RKSM. In 1926-1928, at the party work in the Don-bass and in Turkmenia. SSR. In 1932-1934, the deputy di-rek-to-ra and ru-ko-vo-di-tel of the department of history of the party of the Is-to-ri-ko-party institute of the ICP (professor with 1932). Director of the Institute of Party History under the Moscow Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks (1934-1937). Po-lytic re-ferent sec-re-ta-ria-ta is-pol-ko-ma Kom-mu-ni-sti-che-sko-go in-ter-na-tsio-na-la (1937-1943), assistant to the general-ne-ral-no-go sec-re-ta-rya Is-pol-ko-ma Ko-m-in-ter-na G. Di-mit-ro -va (1937-1943), one of the or-ga-ni-for-to-ditch of the com-mu-ni-stic an-ti-fa-shi-st-sko-go Movement of Co-pro- tiv-le-niya in the 2nd world war-well. In 1943-1944, deputy director of the Institute of Marx - En-gel-sa - Le-ni-na - Sta-li-na at the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks (look). Deputy head of the Department of international information for the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks (1944-1946). Head of So-vin-form-bureau under the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1947-1949; in 1946-1947, 1st deputy head). One-but-time-men-but since 1948 in the external-not-po-ly-tic sub-raz-de-le-nii of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks - the CPSU. Head of the Ot-de-scrap for relations with foreign com-mu-ni-stic parties (1955-1957), Me-zh-du-folk from-de-scrap for relations with com-mu -nistic parties of capitalist countries (1957-1986), attracted a number of large specialists-inter-du-on- kind-no-kov. Member of the Central Committee of the CPSU (1956-1989; from 1952 can-di-dat). Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU (1961-1986).

Ku-ri-ro-val con-so-you with for-ru-bezh-us-mi com-par-tia-mi. Resolved issues related to races-pre-de-le-ni-em fi-nan-so-howl with the help of com-par-ti-pits of Western countries and le- you move-the same-ni-pits in the countries of the "third world", with under-go-to-coy and pro-ve-de-ni-em co-ve-shcha-ny com-mu- nistic and working parties in Moscow (1957, 1960, 1969). Teaching-st-in-shaft in the under-go-tov-ke of the new Program of the CPSU (principled in 1961). Active-but under-de-zhi-val course for de-ta-li-no-for-tion, pro-vo-di-my N.S. Khru-shche-vym (in the 1970s, Ponomarev was not-ga-tiv-but related to L.I. -but re-bi-li-ti-ro-vat I.V. Sta-li-na). Since the beginning of the 1970s, Ponomarev has been able to develop the relationship between the CPSU and the so-tsi-al-de-mo-cratic parties , mainly on the issues of war and peace. One-on-ko tried-to pro-ti-vo-dey-st-vo-vat-ra-pro-country-non-niyu ideology of ev-ro-com-mu-niz-ma (od -on from its ha-rak-ter-th features - from-ri-tsa-nie uni-ver-sal-no-go ha-rak-te-ra of the Soviet mo-de-li so-cia-liz-ma) . He considered it a mistake to bring Soviet troops into Af-ga-ni-stan in 1979.

The author of the work on the history of the CPSU, the external in-li-ti-ke of the USSR, the inter-folk-mu-ni-stic, ra-bo-che-mu and national -os-in-bo-ditelnomu-zhe-niyu. Ru-ko-vo-di-tel of the av-tor-sko-go-kol-lek-ti-va textbook "Is-to-riya of the CPSU" (1960; 7th edition, 1984). Chairman of the Scientific Council of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR niya” (1962-1985). Chairman of the re-dak-tsi-on-no-go co-ve-ta from-da-tion “The history of the USSR from ancient times to the present day” (volume 1-11, 1966-1980). Lenin Prize (1982).

Na-gra-zh-den or-de-na-mi Le-ni-na (1945, 1958, 1965, 1971, 1975) and others.