Armopoyas for a one-story house made of aerated concrete. High-quality armored belt for aerated concrete

When building a house from gas silicate blocks, a prerequisite is the manufacture of an armored belt from concrete mortar. Armopoyas for aerated concrete is a monolithic layer of concrete, evenly distributed around the entire perimeter of the walls of the house. This design increases the reliability of the aerated concrete wall and the entire structure by an order of magnitude. For a one-story house, it is recommended to make an armored belt in the middle part of the wall and under the roof, and for a two-story house - between floors and under the roof.

What is it needed for armored belt in aerated concrete house

Many novice builders do not fully understand why an armored belt is needed for the walls of the house. Especially if the building is one-story. In fact, the need for its construction comes from the following reasons:

• The belt binds together the entire structure, being a kind of stiffener. This increases the resistance of the building to wind loads, seismic activity, soil movements in the building area, shrinkage of building material. Without such reinforcement, the likelihood of cracking on the walls increases.
• The entire load on the walls is distributed evenly, which prolongs the life of the house.
• Thanks to the armored belt, it becomes possible to make window and door openings of any width.
• It is necessary to fix the truss system on the roof very reliably, but gas blocks cannot provide this.

Dimensions of the armored belt

The dimensions of the armored belt depend on the dimensions of the wall itself:

• The armored belt runs along the entire perimeter of the building, including along the inner walls.
• The height of the armored belt can be less than or equal to the height of the gas block. It is not recommended to make it more than 30 cm. This is an unjustified expense of funds with the same degree of protection. In addition, there will be an increased load on the walls.
• The thickness of the armored belt for aerated concrete can be equal to the thickness of the wall, or maybe less.
• It is recommended to make the section of the armored belt square. There is a rule of sopromat: a square section is more resistant to mechanical stress than a rectangular one.

Options for manufacturing armored belts

Some builders, in order to save money, make armored belts from bricks. It consists of 4-5 rows of bricks, between which reinforcement or reinforcing mesh is laid. Since the brick belt is inferior in strength to concrete, it can be used for the construction of small buildings or utility blocks.

We will analyze how to properly make an armored belt for aerated concrete using the monolithic casting method. There are several options for making an armored belt, which are given below:

Using ready-made U-blocks

Such products are commercially available. In the section of each U-block there is a cutout where reinforcement is laid and concrete is poured. The thickness of one wall is 10 cm, and the second one is 5 cm. U-blocks are installed on ordinary aerated concrete adhesive first at the corners of the wall, and then connected in one row. Blocks are placed with thicker sides on the outer wall of the building.

Wooden lintels are mounted above the door and window openings, which are fastened with vertical supports. Jumpers should be flush with the top of the previous row of gas blocks.

This method is easy and quick to install, but is not popular due to the high cost of U-blocks. Alternatively, you can make U-blocks yourself by cutting out the middle parts in them with a hacksaw.

Using additional blocks

You can use additional blocks of different thicknesses for the manufacture of armored belts. For external walls, blanks with a thickness of 10 cm are used, and for internal walls - 5 cm. They are installed on glue on top of the previous row. Insulation must be adjacent to the outdoor units. A reinforcing cage is laid between the blocks and concrete is poured.

Option with one-sided additional block

Additional blocks 10 cm thick are used. They are installed on glue from the outside of the wall. Directly near the blocks, sheets of extruded polystyrene foam 5 cm thick are inserted. They are necessary to reduce the heat capacity of the armored belt, in order to avoid the appearance of cold bridges. Formwork is mounted on the inside of the wall. In the resulting niche, a reinforcing cage is made, after which a concrete solution is poured into it.

From the outside of the house, the concrete belt will not be visible, so you can perform any exterior finish with the same material.

The use of double-sided formwork

Formwork is installed on both sides of the wall. Inside the formwork, close to its outer side, a layer of insulation is inserted. After that, a frame of reinforcement is mounted, and then concrete is poured inside the formwork. After the concrete has hardened and the formwork has been removed, the insulation must be sealed. Most often this is done in conjunction with plastering the wall or finishing it with foam sheets.

How to make a formwork for pouring concrete

If at least one side of the armored belt goes outside the building, the construction of a mandatory formwork is required. It can be made from flat boards, OSB, plywood sheets, laminated chipboards. The formwork is attached directly to the aerated concrete walls using wood screws. If boards are used, then it is necessary to provide for the presence of vertical jumpers to ensure structural rigidity.

Tip: the top of the formwork must be perfectly flat so that the concrete layer is the same in thickness. Then the row of blocks that will be laid on it will not change the geometry of the wall of the house.

On top of the formwork, horizontal jumpers are attached, fixing it on both sides. Jumpers are screwed with self-tapping screws or nailed every 80–100 cm.

If the insulation layer goes to the outer wall of the house, and the wall decoration has not yet been provided, it can be masked. To do this, the formwork is not installed flush with the wall, but directly on the wall. After removing the formwork, a depression about 3 cm deep remains, which is quite enough for a layer of finishing material.

Tip: formwork is installed immediately around the entire perimeter of the walls. This ensures the filling of the armored belt in 1 run.

concrete reinforcement

To increase the strength and rigidity of the concrete layer, it is necessary to perform its reinforcement. For this, metal or fiberglass reinforcement with a cross section of 8–12 mm is used. Usually four bars of reinforcement laid along the walls are sufficient. The reinforcement is connected to each other with a knitting wire every 50 cm to form a square or rectangular frame. It is not recommended to use welding for connecting rods, since the metal will quickly begin to rust even inside the concrete layer in the welded places.

The reinforcing frame must not rest on aerated concrete. It needs to be raised above it by about 3 cm. For this, special plastic clamps for fittings are used. It is more convenient to knit the frame inside the formwork.

Filling armored belt

Consider how to properly fill the armored belt with concrete mortar. For this, it is recommended to use concrete M200 or higher. It can be bought ready-made or made independently from sand and cement grade M400. When making it yourself, you should adhere to the proportions of the solution:

• Cement - 1 part.
• Sand - 3 parts.
• Crushed stone - 5 parts.
• Water - to the point.
• Plasticizer - according to the manufacturer's recommendation.

The concrete solution is mixed manually or with a concrete mixer. After that, the solution is poured into the formwork. Using a metal pin, the concrete is compacted with the removal of air bubbles from it.

Advice: it is recommended to fill in the armo-belt in one run to prevent delamination of several layers of concrete. If this is not possible, then wooden lintels are installed on the surface of the filled layer. After their removal, the concrete surface is moistened, and then pouring continues.

After about 5 days, the concrete will finally harden. The formwork can be removed. During these days, it is advisable to water the armo-belt with water to give the concrete increased strength.

Features of the concrete belt under the Mauerlat

We talked about the need to equip the armored belt on aerated concrete between floors. Do you need such a layer of concrete from the bottom of the attic floor? Wouldn't a house with several belts be too bulky? Mauerlat cannot be attached directly to a number of gas blocks, since this material does not have high strength. From the impact of wind loads, the fasteners will simply loosen, and the beam will move from its place.

In addition, the walls will be reinforced, which will prevent the appearance of cracks on them. 2 concrete belts will not make the whole structure too heavy, so you don’t have to worry about the safety of the walls. Therefore, the armored belt is necessary, but has its own characteristics.

The armored belt under the Mauerlat may differ in its dimensions in a smaller direction, as it carries a smaller load. In addition, only 2 reinforcing bars are often used to reinforce the belt frame.

Mauerlat must be securely attached to the armored belt. For this purpose, even before pouring the concrete solution, the studs with nuts are lifted vertically upwards. The Mauerlat wooden bar is attached to the concrete with these studs and fixed with nuts from above.

There are no other differences with this design.

A concrete armored belt made in accordance with all the rules will provide strength and durability to a building made of aerated concrete, prevent cracks on the walls, and make a reliable roof. Having spent 2-3 days on the manufacture of a reinforced concrete belt, you will extend the life of the house several times.

concrete belt, reinforced with metal reinforcement, is one of the important elements of the construction of the walls of the house from aerated concrete blocks. It determines the strength of the walls that receive vertical loads from interfloor ceilings and roofs and transfer them to the foundation of the building. Also, the armored belt additionally strengthens the structure of the house from deformation when the soil moves.

Concrete itself is a material that has the highest compressive strength, while the reinforcement performs well at the moment of tension. Therefore, the reinforced concrete armored belt is capable of carrying very large bending loads without any slightest deformation. At the same time, the gas-block walls under it will experience several times less load, since the armo-belt distributes it evenly on them.

An armored belt is poured onto the walls from the gas block under the roof, for installation (support beams for rafters), under slabs and beams of interfloor ceilings, as well as to strengthen block, pile and column foundations.

Armopoyas for the walls of a house made of aerated concrete

Often inexperienced, novice builders do not even know why they should be poured onto the walls of a one-story house concrete reinforced belt. And the need for its device lies in the following reasons:

Dimensions of the armored belt

Monolithic is poured along the perimeter of the entire building, and its dimensions are tied to the width of the outer and inner walls.

In height, it can be poured along the upper level of the gas block or lower, but it is not recommended to raise it above 300 mm - it will be easy unjustified waste of material and increasing the load on the walls of the house.

The width of the armored belt for aerated concrete is made according to the width of the wall, but maybe a little narrower.

Reinforcement of the concrete belt

For reinforcement, reinforcement made of metal or fiberglass is used. Usually its cross section does not exceed 12 mm. Most often, the reinforcing cage consists of four long rods, which stacked along the wall of the house. Of these, with the help of brackets from reinforcement of a smaller section, a square or rectangular frame is formed. Long reinforcing bars, every 300 - 600 mm, are attached to the staples with a knitting wire. Welding to connect them in the frame is not recommended because the metal is weakened at the point of penetration, and corrosion may occur at this point.

Do not allow the frame to come into contact with aerated concrete blocks. For this, special plastic linings about 30 mm high are placed under it. In extreme cases, you can put individual pebbles from crushed stone.

Attention. In order to properly fabricate a frame for a reinforced belt, it is recommended to use reinforcement only with a ribbed surface, which provides a rigid grip on concrete.

When you can do without an armored belt belt

It does not always make sense to pour a reinforced belt to reinforce walls. Therefore, in order not to spend extra capital on the purchase of materials, you should know in which cases you can do without a reinforced concrete belt:

• The foundation is located on solid rock.
• The walls of the house are built of brick.

It is also not necessary to pour a concrete belt over aerated concrete blocks if a wooden floor is supported on them. To unload the floor, under the load-bearing beams of the floor, it will be enough to pour concrete into small supporting concrete pads with a thickness of about 60 mm.

In other cases, when construction is carried out on peat bogs, clay, and other weak soils, it is necessary to make an armored belt. It is especially impossible to do without it when building walls from aerated concrete, expanded clay and other large-mesh blocks, which are fragile materials.

Gas blocks are practically incapable bear point loads and are covered with cracks at the slightest subsidence of the foundation or when the soil shifts.

How to fill the armored belt with concrete correctly

When filling, the following rules must be observed:

1. Concrete placement must be completed in one continuous duty cycle. For a high-quality reinforced concrete belt, partially dried layers of concrete mass are unacceptable.
2. Air bubbles should not be allowed to remain in the concrete mass, which form pores, and thereby reduce the strength of the hardened concrete.

To prevent this from happening, freshly poured concrete must be compacted using a deep vibrator or a special nozzle using a perforator. In extreme cases, it can be sealed with a rammer or a metal pin.

Types of belts and their functions

Reinforced concrete belts are poured to reinforce structures such as:

Sometimes when building small outbuildings, it is used reinforced brick belt on aerated concrete walls. To do this, on the walls, for its entire width, 4 or 5 rows of building bricks are laid out. Between the rows, in the armored belt made of bricks on the walls of aerated concrete, in the process of work, a metal mesh is laid on the solution, welded from a wire 4–5 mm thick with cells of 30–40 mm. Floor beams or wooden Mauerlat can be laid on top for fixing the roof.

Reinforced armored belt on aerated concrete

For a reinforced belt, which is poured into blocks of aerated concrete, a concrete solution of the M 200 brand is used. The supporting reinforcement, with a cross section of 12 mm, is fastened in a frame with transverse square or rectangular clamps with a knitting wire. Clamps are made of smooth reinforcement with a diameter of not more than 4-6 mm. The load-bearing reinforcement is overlapped with each other with an overlap of at least 150 mm and is connected to each other with a soft knitting wire.

The belt can be made without a three-dimensional frame of 4 reinforcing bars. Sometimes a flat frame of two rods is enough, which is assembled in almost the same way as a bulk one. Only in this case, not clamps are used for transverse dressing, but individual reinforcing bars.

The connected frame can be laid in a wooden formwork, which is made from boards. It can also be used as a formwork, aerated concrete blocks of the upper row. But first you need to cut out the inside of them so that something like a box without end walls comes out of the block. The blocks are stacked with the resulting shelves up, after which the frame is laid in them.

When laying the frame, make sure that there is a small space of about 20 - 30 mm between the reinforcement and the formwork walls, as well as the lower blocks.

After bookmarking in reinforcement cage formwork, you can additionally make and fix the necessary embedded parts to it, which will be needed to fix the Mauerlat or other elements from the structure of the house.

A separate reinforced belt for a monolithic floor slab is not made. The plate itself evenly distributes almost all vertical loads on the walls, and at the same time it is the main stiffener for the house and connects almost all the walls of the building, combining them into one spatial structure.

It would be ideal if it occupies the entire width of the wall. But this is usually done if from the side of the facade heater will be installed bridging the cold bridge that can form through the concrete. But in the case when only a plaster finish is supposed to be outside, its thickness will need to be reduced within 40 - 50 mm to lay foam or other insulation.

To insulate the belt, you can also use thin (100 mm) partition blocks, which are installed and temporarily unfastened along the edge of the wall. A frame is laid between them and everything is poured with concrete. At the same time, partition blocks play the role of formwork and at the same time a heater.

Reinforced belt under a wooden Mauerlat

Since aerated concrete blocks have a fragile porous structure, it will not be possible to firmly attach the roof truss system to them. Under the influence of wind, the fasteners simply loosen over time and roof may warp. And with a strong gusty wind, it can simply be demolished.

In addition, when the roof is loosened, when its fasteners loosen, the upper rows of block masonry will also collapse over time. Therefore, a reinforced concrete belt for a strong connection of the roof with walls made of aerated concrete blocks is simply necessary.

The reinforced belt for mounting the Mauerlat can be smaller in width than its counterparts for the ceiling and foundation, since the vertical load on it is the smallest. Therefore, for its reinforcement, often for economy, a frame with two reinforcing bars is used.

For reliable fastening of the Mauerlat in the belt, vertical anchors are installed even before it is poured. bolts with external thread, which together with the frame are poured with concrete. In this case, the thread rises above the concrete by about 200 - 250 mm.

For a strong fixation of the Mauerlat, through holes are drilled in it, through which it is put on anchors, after which it is firmly pressed against the concrete with nuts.

Eventually- a properly made reinforced concrete belt can provide a house built from aerated concrete blocks with high strength and durable operation. At the same time, it will be able to protect the walls from deformation, the appearance of cracks, maintain the strength of the roof and extend the life of the house by 3-4 times.

A building constructed from aerated concrete blocks, more often experiencing the influence of nature. This is expressed in its settlement, swelling of the soil along the perimeter of the foundation. Strong winds and heavy rains are a threat to the integrity of the structure. To protect it, an armored belt is created on aerated concrete, smoothing the impact of climatic factors.

Purpose

The presence of a reinforcing structure increases the reliability of the structure and prevents the appearance of cracks. When there is movement of the soil or heavy precipitation begins, such an element ensures an even distribution of loads on the building.

The armored belt for aerated concrete not only increases the resistance of the walls of the house to loads from the internal and external environment, but also has a connecting purpose - connects the individual elements of the building into a coherent structure. The belt acts as a stiffener, connecting the walls to each other. Its presence allows you to make window openings wider due to sufficient strength characteristics.

The possibility of deformation of the walls and the destruction of the building are minimized when using this load-bearing element. It is especially necessary in a house made of aerated concrete, built on sloping ground.

Characteristics

The armored belt on aerated concrete is a continuous frame used as a support for the load-bearing, external walls of the building.

Its dimensions are determined by the length and width of the wall. For a single-layer masonry of 30 cm, the optimal thickness of the armored belt for aerated concrete is 25 cm. It is recommended to increase the thermal conductivity of the house and, as an additional protection from the cold, lay insulation on top of it and lay out another layer of masonry.

In order to strengthen the structure, the height of the armored belt is equalized with its thickness. Equilateral elements exhibit greater wear resistance than rectangular ones. The tape design, following the contours of the walls around the perimeter, makes the building more reliable and resistant to atmospheric and mechanical stress. This applies to both one-story houses and multi-story buildings.

There are several types of belts:

• grillage- the top of the pile foundation;
• armored belt on aerated concrete that serves as the boundary between the foundation and the wall (basement);
• seismic belt connecting the floors of the house along the upper wall row;
for unloading the roof.

Each of them has its own specifics for carrying out construction work in accordance with the instructions.

What functions does

Armopoyas in the construction industry is used to increase the resistance of the load-bearing walls of the house to external and internal influences. It contributes to the connection of individual parts of the building into an integral structure, performing the following functions:

The armored belt on aerated concrete satisfies the building's need for a supporting structure. It allows the material to safely endure a point load of a different nature, which prevents cracking, destruction of individual block elements and maintains the strength of the walls.

Formwork belt made on aerated concrete, contributes forming a smooth surface belt due to its even distribution. Its versatility contributes to high-quality results and efficient construction work.

Pros and cons of application

Belt installation technology has certain advantages and disadvantages. First of all, the quality of the material and the service life are taken into account.

The advantages that the armored belt on aerated concrete has:

• low cost price;
• ease of installation;
• frost resistance, fire resistance;
• stable resistance to deformation;
• uniform load distribution on the design of the house;
• long service life.

The construction of a building, where aerated concrete is used as the main material, will cost three times cheaper than the construction of a brick house. Aerated concrete blocks light, resistant to climatic conditions and have good frost resistance due to its greater thickness than brick. The useful life of housing will be at least one hundred years.

Disadvantages:

• the need for additional waterproofing of the surface to prevent its deconsolidation and destruction;
• waterproofing costs and thermal insulation.

Despite additional costs, can't do without an armored belt. Against the background of the advantages of its installation, the cons do not look so significant.

Step-by-step instruction

The armored belt on aerated concrete does not require a special device technology. It consists of several consecutive operations:

1. installation reinforcing cage;
2. assembly and installation of formwork;
3. pouring concrete.

Only the area where the belt is located can affect the features of work, but in general, the installation manual has a standard look.

Formwork manufacturing

When you can’t do without an armored belt, the process of assembling and installing a frame under it from boards and their trimmings begins. This way is pretty simple:

This design is able to withstand the mass of concrete during its pouring and not suffer. If the frame is needed under the floor beams, then it is mounted along the outer surface of the walls, and the height is equal to 20-40 cm. In order to be able to carefully mask the insulation if it is necessary to use it, you can move the formwork deep into the walls. It is convenient to fill the formed niche with heat-insulating material.

As a building masonry material, aerated concrete has gained popularity only in recent decades. Due to its unique physical and performance characteristics, this material has made significant adjustments to traditional building technologies. These changes also apply to the arrangement of the truss system.

1. Rafter legs can only be supported by an armored belt. According to its physical parameters, it must guarantee the strength and stability of the structure.
2. The reinforcing belt must be poured under all interfloor and ceiling ceilings. Neither reinforced concrete slabs nor floor beams can rest directly on aerated concrete blocks.
3. It is strictly forbidden to fix the Mauerlat fastening studs or other load-bearing structural elements of the truss system in the blocks. They can only be in a concrete tape.

Such stringent requirements are caused by very low mechanical properties of aerated concrete blocks.

You should not dwell on all the technical characteristics, only three of them affect the construction technology of the truss system. Moreover, they are interconnected and cannot exist separately from each other. This refers to thermal conductivity, density and physical strength.

Low thermal conductivity is the most important advantage of the material, especially nowadays, when the cost of energy carriers is constantly increasing. Modern costs for the maintenance of buildings in the winter period of time are large amounts even for very wealthy compatriots. In this regard, foam blocks are considered the optimal masonry material for the construction of energy-efficient houses.

Only materials with a low specific gravity have low thermal conductivity. Air is considered the most effective heat insulator, the more it is, the less energy loss. Accordingly, the more air chambers, the more efficient the heat saving, the better the masonry in this parameter.

But the more air, the lower the strength. As a result, foam blocks cannot withstand large mechanical loads, especially multidirectional shock. Among the existing masonry materials, the strength of gas blocks is the lowest. All loaded structures should have a maximum stop area, only in this way it is possible to reduce the point values ​​of the forces and increase the reliability and stability of buildings.

It is these links: low thermal conductivity - low weight - insufficient mechanical strength require the mandatory use of a special reinforcing belt under the Mauerlat.

Prices for aerated concrete blocks

Aerated concrete block

Two ways to fill the armored belt

There are two completely different methods for pouring a reinforcing belt, each with its own strengths and weaknesses.

For the manufacture of an armored belt, construction reinforcement of a periodic profile with a diameter of 6–8 mm, soft iron wire and concrete is required.

Step-by-step instructions for installing a reinforcing belt

Initial data. Concrete is poured into special U-blocks, reinforcement from Ø6mm bars, galvanized steel studs are used for anchors. The production of a reinforcing belt consists of several stages, each of which has a great influence on the final results.

Laying special blocks for formwork

Step 1. Raise the U-blocks to the facade walls. To facilitate the work, it is recommended to immediately lay them out around the perimeter of the building, so then the laying is done much faster. Lift the blocks very carefully, remember that thin walls break off even from a slight blow.

Step 2 Proceed to laying the last row of facade walls from special blocks. The work is no different from the algorithm of ordinary masonry, it is constantly necessary to control the position of the blocks using a bubble level. The thickness of the solution is approximately one centimeter.

The solution should be prepared only from sifted sand; the presence of small pebbles in the mass is strictly prohibited.

If the whole block does not fit in a row, then it should be sawn off. This is done with a simple hacksaw for wood with fine teeth.

Practical advice. Even before the start of masonry work, it is necessary to make the simplest devices for sawing foam blocks.

Such a device greatly facilitates the process of fitting blocks in size. The cut is not only even, but always at a right angle, and this is very important when laying the wall.

Step 3 Replace the cut piece, if necessary, trim its planes and adjust the dimensions.

Step 4 Connect the corner of the masonry under the armored belt. In this place, one block has a groove open to the outside; on the perpendicular side, on the contrary, it is closed. To correct the situation, it is necessary to saw off the part of the block that closes the connection and insert it into the end of the wall.

In this way, lay out the entire row of blocks around the perimeter of the house, leave it for a day to set the solution.

There is no need to waste time, while the wall is solidifying, start making a reinforcing belt from metal rods and fastening the studs in blocks.

Armature preparation

The standard length of the reinforcement is 6m, four bars are required for the manufacture of the frame. Calculate the total footage and buy metal.

Step 1. Bend all the rods at a right angle in the middle of the length. Raise them to the house, spread them approximately around the perimeter of the building.

Step 2 Make the frames of the reinforcing belt, the side of the square is 10 × 10 cm. This value can be changed depending on the size of the U-block.

Important. When determining the dimensions of the belt frame, it must be borne in mind that the bars on all sides must be poured with a layer of concrete with a thickness of at least two centimeters. If the reinforcement touches the walls of the block, then it does not reinforce the belt.

It is easier to make a frame from reinforcement if cells of a metal mesh with dimensions of 10 × 10 cm are used as a template. Such cells must be cut out, while leaving long ends at the corners. The fittings are pressed against them and fixed with wire.

Step 3 Lay the reinforcing cage in the grooves of the blocks, check the position of the structure.

Using pieces of blocks or special plastic grips, make the necessary gaps on all sides, including the bottom.

If the length of the frame is not enough, then splice it with pieces of rods, you can fix the elements with ordinary plastic clamps.

Step 4 Install metal studs to secure the Mauerlat. It is recommended to use M16 studs, each about 33 cm long. But you can take an element of a smaller diameter, it all depends on the size of the roof and the possible loads on the Mauerlat.

The length of the studs must take into account the following requirements:

• penetration into the gas block is not less than 5 cm;
• the thickness of the armored belt is not less than 15 cm;
• Mauerlat thickness 10–15 cm;
• the height of the thread for the nut is approximately 3 cm.

Practical advice. When marking the places for installing the studs, it is necessary to provide for the position of the rafter legs. Rafters should not lie on them, otherwise the wooden elements will have to be cut. This not only takes extra time, but also negatively affects the stability of the structure.

Installation of studs is done in the following order.

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In the process of pouring the belt with concrete, you must constantly check the position of the studs.

Now comes the third stage of manufacturing a reinforcing belt.

Practical advice. If in the future it is planned to build a terrace near the house, then experienced craftsmen recommend immediately fixing metal studs in the reinforcing belt to fix it.

Drill holes in the blocks at a distance of about one meter, insert studs into them, and also screw nuts on the concrete side. Always remember that no loaded elements can be fixed directly to aerated concrete blocks, and a concrete belt solves all problems.

pouring concrete

The mass can be made independently in an electric concrete mixer. For one part of cement, three parts of sand and four parts of crushed stone are given. The amount of water depends on the moisture content of the ingredients, but roughly corresponds to the amount of cement. If the load on the armored belt is significant, then it is recommended to increase the amount of cement by 20–25%.

Step 1. Prepare concrete mix. To improve the quality, plasticizers can be added to it. They must be used according to the manufacturer's instructions.

Step 2 Gradually pour concrete reinforcement. Pay attention that the frame does not move and does not touch the planes of the block. If there is no electric vibrator, then compaction will have to be done manually. It is recommended to move the reinforcement a little, due to such movements, the concrete adheres very tightly to the periodic profile and holds it securely. And this is very important for any reinforced concrete structure, including armored belts.

In order not to clog the thread of the studs, cover it with masking tape. It is then easily removed, there is no need to clean the thread from adhering concrete.

Step 3 Before the concrete begins to harden, adjust the position of the studs with a bubble level. They must be in a strictly vertical position, if this condition is not observed, then during the installation of the Mauerlat there are big problems.

Step 4 Level the concrete surface with a trowel and under the level, the tape should be horizontal and as even as possible.

Important. Your forces must be calculated in such a way that the armored belt is poured around the entire perimeter within one day. If you take a break, then the bearing capacity of the structure is significantly reduced.

You need to know that very liquid concrete shrinks a lot, the surface can sag and crack. The consistency of the mixture for the armored belt should be the same as for pouring a shallow strip foundation.

It will take about 10–14 days for concrete to harden; in hot weather, the surface of the armored belt must be abundantly moistened and covered with plastic wrap. In houses made of foam blocks, it is recommended to mount a reinforced belt and Mauerlats not only under the rafter legs, but also around the entire perimeter. Due to it, the stability of the structure is significantly increased, it does not react so negatively to cyclic wind loads.

Video - Armo-belt under Mauerlat

Mauerlat is an element of the roofing system of a building. Roof rafters rest on this stable structure, located along the perimeter of the walls. Depending on the shape of the roof, rafters can be fixed in different ways. you can learn all the subtleties and nuances of attaching rafter legs, as well as get acquainted with step-by-step technology.

Comments:

When a house is being built, it is very important to have an armored belt for aerated concrete, which makes it possible to make the building structure more powerful, and the roof frame fastening more stable.

To date, one of the most economical, reliable and affordable materials for building a house is aerated concrete.

In this regard, when manufacturing an armored belt for aerated concrete, builders tend to make it with a minimum number of connecting seams in order to ensure the presence of a homogeneous material.

It plays an important role when connecting different types of material, such as wood with foam concrete blocks. The fact is that aerated concrete and similar materials have a porous structure. They are not able to withstand large loads if the point of application is small surface areas. In addition, this material cannot provide reliable fastening of floor beams. There is only one way out of this situation - an armored belt for aerated concrete. It has a special design designed for a variety of mechanical effects.

The entire perimeter of the house is surrounded by a monolithic belt, which has several more names:

• seismological;
• unloading;
• reinforced.

The design has the form of a ring, completely closed.

In the case of the construction of a two-story house, two are laid in the project. They will be located at the junction of the first floor with the second, as well as the roof with the second floor. But when a house is being built from aerated concrete, two belts are not enough. Another monolithic belt is laid, especially for the manufacture of the foundation.

Main characterizing points

1. Low cost of construction work. Aerated concrete house is much cheaper than a brick house.
2. Low weight.
3. Frost resistance.
4. Moisture resistance.
5. Resistance to aggressive environments.
6. Fire resistance.
7. The service life reaches 100 years.

If we compare aerated concrete with brick, we can find several negative aspects:

1. The structure is highly porous. It causes decompression of the structure and its subsequent destruction.
2. High quality waterproofing required.
3. Cracks may appear.
4. Wall reinforcement is required.
5. Foundation reinforcement required.

In addition, strengthening the house of aerated concrete blocks requires additional costs. In this regard, they try to strengthen the walls next to the foundation or after laying each subsequent row of blocks.

During operation, the building experiences a variety of loads:

• strong wind;
• temperature jumps;
• deformation due to low soil density.

Such negative properties are corrected by a monolithic belt.

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Application and Features

The reinforcing belt has several particularly important functions:

1. Protection of wall structures from possible deformation, due to the movement of the soil, which occurs during the change of seasons, when uneven shrinkage of the building is observed.
2. Provides extra strength.
3. Strengthens the structure, makes it more rigid.
4. Thanks to the monolithic belt, the load is evenly distributed.
5. Point loads are removed if the beams were anchored with anchor bolts.

The constructed unloading belt must necessarily look inextricable, since its main purpose is to increase the resistance of the walls of the building to loads that will cause cracks. The monolithic belt is built mainly in buildings where gas silicate blocks are the building material.

And what are the reasons for the construction of a reinforcing belt? The beam supporting the entire roof truss system is called Mauerlat. With its help, the roof is connected to the wall of the building. As a result, there is a uniform load on all wall surfaces of structures. In the case of fastening the roof structure with anchor bolts, point loads appear. Cracks appear in aerated concrete. When hanging rafters take place, an increased load occurs, which is perceived by aerated concrete blocks. As a result, they expand. To create a uniform distribution of such a load, a monolithic belt is made.

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Highlights of the work

1. Formwork. Usually such a formwork is a frame, which is made of wooden boards. They are fastened on the outside with small slats. This method of manufacturing formwork is considered the simplest and most in demand. For a monolithic belt, it is quite enough to have a height of 30 cm. The thickness should be much greater than the width of the wall. The base of the wooden formwork is attached to the wall with self-tapping screws. From above, with a step of 80 cm, transverse ties are fixed. They are also made from wooden boards. Such fasteners are required, since the mass of poured concrete can crush the entire structure. When insulating a reinforced belt, professionals recommend moving the formwork a little deeper. The resulting niche is then filled with thermal insulation.
2. Frame. If you plan to make ceilings without the use of concrete slabs, it is quite enough to make a frame using a pair of reinforcing bars, which are interconnected by jumpers. The frame will take the form of a ladder, where the step of the jumpers will be equal to 50 cm. To apply more serious loads, the frame must have increased reliability. In this case, four reinforcement bars are taken, which are connected by jumpers. If you look at such a structure in a section, you get a square or rectangular structure. For any version of the frame, it must be set in such a way that the wall is at a distance of more than 5 cm from the frame. Aerated concrete blocks should not be connected to the armored belt. To do this, the gap between them is laid with fragments of brick. Welding of the reinforcing cage must be done directly in the formwork. The fact is that the finished frame has a very large weight. It will be difficult to lift and install accurately. The correct installation of the frame is checked by the building level.
3. Pouring concrete. After all the preparatory work, the unloading belt is poured. For this, a ready-made concrete solution is used. It can be purchased at every specialized store. For this, cement grade M200 is used. If desired, concrete can be made independently. There are practically no difficulties in the manufacture of concrete mortar, but the work is highly labor intensive.

For work you will need:

• cement;
• sand;
• rubble.

Usually a ratio of 1:3:5 is taken, water is added. Everything is thoroughly mixed until the desired consistency is obtained. For such work, you will need a lot of concrete, therefore, in order to save your strength, you should use a concrete mixer.